KR20240008510A - Recycling by using demestic peat casing for white button mushroom - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, the button soil is mixed with domestically produced peat, vermiculite, and calcium carbonate; 75% to 85% by weight of peat, 10% to 20% by weight of vermiculite, and the remainder is calcium carbonate; The peat has a pH of 4.0 to 5.0, vermiculite is used to form voids inside, and calcium carbonate forms an acidity (pH) of 7.0 to 8.0, so that the organic matter content is about 70% of the dry weight of the land; The button mushroom medium located at the bottom of the button mushroom cover soil is such that wheat straw, rice straw, chicken manure, and calcium carbonate are mixed with each other; The calcium carbonate is a powder that is formed to dissolve in water and disappear when water is sprinkled on it to grow button mushrooms; A plurality of air supply pipes are buried at the bottom of the bottom of the button mushroom medium, and an air outlet through which air is discharged is formed at the upper layer of the air supply pipe, so that air is uniformly distributed to the button mushroom medium pile through the air supply pipe and the air outlet through an air pump. Supplying the button mushroom medium so that it does not rot and is uniformly supplied with oxygen to produce it; Since there is no separation grid between the button mushroom cover soil and the button mushroom medium, the button mushroom cover soil and the button mushroom medium are mixed with each other to enable compost recycling; It provides compost recycling of button mushroom cover soil and medium using domestically produced peat.
This has the effect of increasing the mycelium viability per unit area by covering the button mushrooms with organic matter of peat and vermiculite, and also increasing the yield of button mushrooms per unit area due to the increase in organic matter.
At the same time, by recycling the compost together with the button mushroom medium after harvest, there is an effect of recycling the organic button mushroom medium and the organic button mushroom cover soil together as compost.

Description

Compost recycling of button mushroom cover soil and medium using domestic peat {Recycling by using demestic peat casing for white button mushroom}

The present invention relates to cover soil using domestic peat, which is used together with button mushroom culture medium and the spent post-harvest cover soil and medium can be recycled together as compost.

In addition, it relates to compost recycling of button mushroom cover soil as well as button mushroom medium, if possible, by forming a grid so as not to place it between the button mushroom cover soil and medium.

In general, in mushroom cultivation, as the demand for mushrooms increases due to their efficacy, the number of cases of artificial cultivation of mushrooms is increasing. Methods for artificially cultivating mushrooms include combining waste cotton, sawdust, rice bran, cottonseed, or mixed grains. After forming and fermenting a nutrient medium, the fermentation medium is inoculated with mushroom progenitors and transferred to a culture room, where they are cultured and grown for a certain period of time to produce mushrooms.

Button mushrooms are not easy to cultivate because the cultivation process is more complicated than other mushrooms and mechanization and batch work are difficult. The difficulties of growing button mushrooms are listed below.

First, button mushrooms are microbial agriculture that deals with fungi, and are significantly affected by the environment compared to other crops, so even small environmental changes have a significant impact on their growth. Normal harvesting is possible only when the three factors of temperature, humidity, and ventilation meet the mushroom growth conditions. However, because these three factors act relative to each other, it is difficult to create an appropriate environment.

Second, all stages of working with button mushrooms, from granulation to destruction, are important. In fact, if there is a lack of moisture during the medium manufacturing process, not only will it be difficult to control moisture appropriately until the end of cultivation, but the sterilization and post-fermentation effects will be reduced, causing difficulties from the beginning of cultivation, so all processes are very important.

Third, it is difficult to carry out precise work in all processes, including manufacturing a medium that allows mushrooms to consume sufficient nutrients, environmental management, and disposal.

Among the above cultivation problems, in terms of creating a medium that allows mushrooms to grow sufficiently, button mushrooms have conventionally been cultivated by sowing seeds in a button mushroom medium and covering the seeds with clay loam forming a bed. However, in this cultivation method, there is a limit to the production as button mushrooms emerge after sowing, and the seedbed is covered with soil to prevent the seeds from being exposed after sowing to maintain humidity in the seedbed, reduce damage from soil microorganisms, and prevent weeds. During the process (covering with soil to prevent loaming and freezing), clay loam soil is quite heavy and difficult to handle, and although moisture retention and breathability must be good at the same time, mushroom production is low and an imbalance in mycelium formation occurs. This common drawback was that it was difficult to ensure breathability and was often contaminated with other molds.

In addition, the cover soil for button mushroom cultivation according to the prior art uses peat moss, which is an organic material and has favorable conditions for the habitation of microorganisms such as nutrients, or uses clay loam, which is usually field soil, at 2.5 to 3.0 cm. It is common to use laminated layers with a thickness of .

However, peat moss, which is used as a cover for button mushrooms according to the prior art, cannot be found in Korea, and clay loam, a commonly used field soil, is relatively cheap compared to peat moss. Recycling is impossible due to the low organic matter content, and in order to do so, it is inconvenient to separate the medium and cover soil using a grid, etc. On the other hand, black peat moss used for button mushrooms has a high organic matter content, so it cannot be recycled. However, due to the inconvenience of having to import mushrooms from overseas and the large difference in unit price, the production costs required to grow mushrooms are high, so farmers are avoiding them.

As mentioned above, the problems with the existing cover soil (clay loam) are that when it becomes oversaturated, a soil film is formed, which prevents air circulation and reduces the breathability of the medium, which hinders the formation of mushrooms. The heavy specific gravity puts pressure on the fertilizer, and the mycelium is dense. The temperature decreases, and the organic matter content is about 4%, making it unsuitable for recycling.

In addition, conventionally, after harvesting button mushrooms, the general button mushroom soil contains inorganic substances and is mixed with the organic matter-rich button mushroom medium located at the bottom, so the button mushroom medium rich in organic matter and the button mushroom soil containing inorganic substances cannot be recycled as compost, so they are discarded. There is.

In addition, in the past, there were farmers who placed a grid between the cover soil and the button mushroom medium in order to recycle the medium as compost after harvesting the button mushrooms. However, there is a problem in that the grid between the button mushroom cover soil and the button mushroom medium must be separated separately, resulting in cost and time. .

On the other hand, domestic peat is similar to imported black peat moss in most of its properties, so if the acidity (pH) is adjusted, it can be used by many farms without great cost and inconvenience.

Domestic peat also has much higher moisture and water retention capacity than clay loam, making it convenient to control watering when button mushrooms need it. Therefore, there is a need to develop it so that it can be used to cover button mushrooms using domestic peat.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1859616 Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-7867440

The present invention was devised to solve the above problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide button mushroom cover soil with a high organic content mixed with peat and vermiculite, and to prepare a grid (medium and The purpose is to provide compost recycling of the button mushroom cover soil and button mushroom medium together after harvesting the button mushrooms by placing them directly on the button mushroom medium, rather than placing the cover soil separately.

It will be explained below and will be learned by practice of the present invention. Additionally, the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means and combinations indicated in the claims.

The present invention is a means to solve the above problems, and the present invention is to mix domestic peat, vermiculite, and calcium carbonate to cover button mushrooms; 75% to 85% by weight of peat, 10% to 20% by weight of vermiculite, and the remainder is calcium carbonate; The peat has a pH of 4.0 to 5.0, the vermiculite is used to form voids inside, and the calcium carbonate forms an acidity (pH) of 7.0 to 8.0, so that the organic matter content is about 70% of the dry weight of the land; The button mushroom medium located at the bottom of the button mushroom cover soil is such that wheat straw, rice straw, chicken manure, and calcium carbonate are mixed with each other; The calcium carbonate is a powder that is formed to dissolve in water and disappear when water is sprinkled on it to grow button mushrooms; A plurality of air supply pipes are buried at the bottom of the button mushroom medium, and an air outlet through which air is discharged is formed at the upper layer of the air supply pipe, and air is uniformly distributed to the button mushroom medium pile through the air supply pipe and the air outlet through an air pump. Supplying the button mushroom medium so that it does not rot and is uniformly supplied with oxygen to produce it; Since there is no separation grid between the button mushroom cover soil and the button mushroom medium, the button mushroom cover soil and the button mushroom medium are mixed with each other to enable compost recycling; It provides compost recycling of button mushroom cover soil and medium using domestically produced peat.

As seen above,

The present invention has the effect of increasing the mycelium viability per unit area by covering the button mushrooms with organic matter of peat and vermiculite, and also increasing the yield of button mushrooms per unit area by increasing the organic matter.

At the same time, by recycling the compost together with the button mushroom medium after harvest, there is an effect of recycling the organic button mushroom medium and the organic button mushroom cover soil together as compost.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing Example 1 of the manufacturing process of compost recycling of button mushroom cover soil and medium using domestic peat according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing Example 2 of the manufacturing process of compost recycling of button mushroom cover soil and medium using domestic peat according to the present invention;
Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing Example 3 of the manufacturing process of compost recycling of button mushroom cover soil and medium using domestic peat according to the present invention;
Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of button mushroom cover soil and button mushroom medium according to the present invention;

Before describing the various embodiments of the present invention in detail, it will be appreciated that its application is not limited to the details of the configuration and arrangement of components described in the following detailed description or shown in the drawings. The invention may be embodied and practiced in different embodiments and carried out in various ways. Additionally, device or element orientation (e.g. “front”, “back”, “up”, “down”, “top”, “bottom”). The expressions and predicates used herein with respect to terms such as ", "left", "right", "lateral", etc. are merely used to simplify the description of the invention and related devices. Alternatively, you may notice that it does not simply indicate or imply that an element should have a particular orientation. Additionally, terms such as “first,” “second,” and the like are used herein and in the appended claims for purposes of description and are not intended to indicate or imply relative importance or intent.

The present invention has the following features to achieve the above object.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Prior to this, the terms or words used in this specification and claims should not be construed as limited to their usual or dictionary meanings, and the inventor should appropriately use the concept of terms to explain his or her invention in the best way. It must be interpreted as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle of definability.

Accordingly, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only one of the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent the entire technical idea of the present invention, so at the time of filing this application, various alternatives are available to replace them. It should be understood that equivalents and variations may exist.

Looking at Example 1 according to the present invention,

Button cover soil (20) is a mixture of domestically produced peat, vermiculite, and calcium carbonate;

75% to 85% by weight of peat, 10% to 20% by weight of vermiculite, and the remainder is calcium carbonate;

The peat has a pH of 4.0 to 5.0, the vermiculite is used to form voids inside, and the calcium carbonate forms an acidity (pH) of 7.0 to 8.0, so that the organic matter content is about 70% of the dry weight of the land;

The button mushroom medium 10 located at the bottom of the button mushroom cover soil 20 is made so that wheat straw, rice straw, chicken manure, and calcium carbonate are mixed with each other;

The calcium carbonate is a powder that is formed to dissolve in water and disappear when water is sprinkled on it to grow button mushrooms.

A plurality of air supply pipes are buried at the bottom of the button mushroom medium 10, and an air outlet through which air is discharged is formed at the upper layer of the air supply pipe, and air is supplied to the button mushroom medium through the air supply pipe and the air outlet through an air pump. (10) uniformly supplied to the pile so that the button mushroom medium (10) does not rot and is uniformly supplied with oxygen to be produced;

Since there is no separation grid between the button mushroom cover soil 20 and the button mushroom medium 10, the button mushroom cover soil 20 and the button mushroom medium 10 are mixed with each other to enable compost recycling; This is about compost recycling of button mushroom cover soil and medium using domestically produced peat.

In addition, Example 2 of the present invention

The button mushroom cover soil (20) is a mixture of domestically produced peat, perlite, and calcium carbonate; The peat is 75% to 85% by weight, perlite is 10% to 20% by weight, and the remainder is calcium carbonate,

In Example 3, the button mushroom covering soil (20) was mixed with domestically produced peat, vermiculite, perlite, and calcium carbonate; It relates to compost recycling of button mushroom cover soil and medium using domestic peat, which consists of 75% to 85% by weight of peat, 5% to 10% by weight of vermiculite, 5% to 10% by weight of perlite, and the remainder is calcium carbonate.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, compost recycling of button mushroom cover soil and medium using domestic peat according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

The existing post-harvest medium used clay loam, which is mainly composed of minerals, as a cover soil, so there were limitations in recycling the medium after harvesting button mushrooms. Conversely, imported Black Peat Moss, which has a high organic matter content, is expensive even though it is a recyclable cover material, so it is expensive for farmers. is not being used.

Domestic peat is currently found near Gangneung and Taean and refers to organic matter that has been deposited through corrosion over more than 5,000 years.

In the present invention, the domestic peat is filtered to keep the particle size constant, calcium carbonate is used to adjust the pH to between 7.0 and 8.0, which can be optimized for use as button soil, and vermiculite or perlite is added to 10% to secure pores. When mixed, the organic matter content is about 70% of the dry weight of the land, so the medium is recycled as compost after harvest.

More specifically, after the cultivation of button mushrooms is completed by the button mushroom cover located on the top of the button mushroom medium, the button mushroom cover soil composed of organic matter along with the button mushroom medium can be reused for compost recycling, thereby producing compost as a recyclable resource. This is about button mushroom cover that can be composted and recycled along with the button mushroom medium.

Figure 2 shows the button mushroom medium 10 being uniformly distributed on the bottom, and the button mushroom covering soil 20 being uniformly distributed on the top, and another configuration is inserted between the button mushroom medium 10 and the button mushroom covering soil 20. Since there is no button mushroom, it shows an arrangement in which the button mushroom medium 10 and the button mushroom cover soil 20 can be mixed with each other after the button mushroom is harvested.

Here, conventionally, the button mushroom covering soil 20 contains a lot of minerals, so when it is mixed with the button mushroom medium 10 at the bottom, there is a problem that the button mushroom medium 10 at the bottom must also be destroyed, so a separate separation grid is installed at the boundary. is inserted to separate them from each other,

The present invention naturally mixes the button mushroom cover soil (20) and the button mushroom medium (10) after harvesting the button mushrooms without the grid, and at this time, the button mushroom cover soil (20) is prepared with an organic material to form a button mushroom medium (10) with sufficient organic matter. There is a technical feature that allows compost to be recycled together.

Describing the technical features of the present invention in detail,

In Example 1 shown in Figure 1

Button cover soil (20) is a mixture of domestically produced peat, vermiculite, and calcium carbonate;

The peat is 75% to 85% by weight, vermiculite is 10% to 20% by weight, and the remainder is calcium carbonate.

In Example 2 shown in Figure 2,

The button mushroom cover soil (20) is a mixture of domestically produced peat, perlite, and calcium carbonate; It is comprised of 75% to 85% by weight of peat, 10% to 20% by weight of perlite, and the remainder is calcium carbonate.

In Example 3 shown in Figure 3,

The button mushroom cover soil (20) is a mixture of domestic peat, vermiculite, perlite, and calcium carbonate; The peat is 75% to 85% by weight, vermiculite is 5% to 10% by weight, perlite is 5% to 10% by weight, and the remainder is calcium carbonate.

Looking at the three types of examples above,

In the present invention, domestic peat is the main and common ingredient, calcium carbonate is a common ingredient,

It is characterized by containing vermiculite or perlite separately or together.

In addition, other additional conditions of the peat of the present invention are pH 4.0 to 5.0, vermiculite and perlite are used to form voids inside, and calcium carbonate forms an acidity (pH) of 7.0 to 8.0, increasing the organic matter content. This dry weight is about 70% of the land, and the post-harvest medium is recycled as compost.

Here, the range of the acidity (pH) value of the peat is the optimal acidity (pH) range of the peat for growing button mushrooms, and the inclusion of vermiculite and perlite is to smoothly maintain the oxygen supply required when growing button mushrooms. This is to provide an appropriate void inside the covering soil (20).

In addition, the button mushroom medium 10 is usually made of wheat straw, rice straw, chicken manure, and calcium carbonate, and the present invention also adopts the conventional button mushroom medium 10.

Here, when water is supplied for harvesting button mushrooms, the fine calcium carbonate is usually dissolved in water and disappears, and when button mushrooms are harvested, the button mushroom medium 10 is formed of organic matter of wheat straw, rice straw, and chicken manure, so the button mushroom medium Together with (10), it provides compostable and recyclable button mushroom cover.

In addition, vermiculite and perlite are inorganic substances, but vermiculite and perlite are commonly used in compost recycling, and the weight of vermiculite and perlite contained in the covering soil 20 is very small compared to the weight of peat, which is an organic material, so compost There are no problems with recycling.

In addition, the technical features of the present invention are

When a certain amount of oxygen is supplied from the bottom of the button mushroom medium 10, oxygen is supplied to the inside of the button mushroom medium 10, and oxygen is also supplied to the button mushroom cover 20 located at the top, and at this time, the button mushroom cover 20 Sufficient oxygen is supplied to the inside of the button mushroom cover 20 through the pores formed by the vermiculite and perlite inside, which is very helpful in the cultivation and production of button mushrooms.

As described above, although the present invention has been described with limited examples and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the technical idea of the present invention and the following will be understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Of course, various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of equivalence of the patent claims to be described.

10: Button Mushroom Badge
20: Button mushroom cover

Claims (2)

Button cover soil (20) is a mixture of domestically produced peat, vermiculite, and calcium carbonate;
75% to 85% by weight of peat, 10% to 20% by weight of vermiculite, and the remainder is calcium carbonate;
The peat has a pH of 4.0 to 5.0, the vermiculite is used to form voids inside, and the calcium carbonate forms an acidity (pH) of 7.0 to 8.0, so that the organic matter content is about 70% of the dry weight of the land;
The button mushroom medium 10 located at the bottom of the button mushroom cover soil 20 is made so that wheat straw, rice straw, chicken manure, and calcium carbonate are mixed with each other;
The calcium carbonate is a powder that is formed to dissolve in water and disappear when water is sprinkled on it to grow button mushrooms.
A plurality of air supply pipes are buried at the bottom of the button mushroom medium 10, and an air outlet through which air is discharged is formed at the upper layer of the air supply pipe, and air is supplied to the button mushroom medium through the air supply pipe and the air outlet through an air pump. (10) uniformly supplied to the pile so that the button mushroom medium (10) does not rot and is uniformly supplied with oxygen to be produced;
Since there is no separation grid between the button mushroom cover soil 20 and the button mushroom medium 10, the button mushroom cover soil 20 and the button mushroom medium 10 are mixed with each other to enable compost recycling; Compost recycling of button soil and medium using domestically produced peat. According to paragraph 1,
The button mushroom cover soil (20) is a mixture of domestically produced peat, perlite, and calcium carbonate; The peat is 75% to 85% by weight, perlite is 10% to 20% by weight, and the remainder is calcium carbonate,
Alternatively, the button mushroom cover soil (20) is a mixture of domestic peat, vermiculite, perlite, and calcium carbonate; Compost recycling of button soil and medium using domestic peat, characterized in that 75% to 85% by weight of peat, 5% to 10% by weight of vermiculite, 5% to 10% by weight of perlite, and the remainder is calcium carbonate. .

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