KR20230126934A - smoke control system - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the posting, when a fire is detected inside the building, the smoke caused by the fire is discharged to the outside in a natural convection method, and the smoke control window is closed according to the wind pressure outside, so that the outside air is ventilated. It relates to a natural exhaust ventilation system that can prevent reverse inflow into the zone (fire zone),
A natural exhaust ventilation system according to an embodiment of the present specification
In a natural discharge type smoke control system having a window frame constituting a smoke exhaust window of a building and a smoke exhaust window formed to be opened and closed on the window frame,
A fire detection sensor that detects a fire in the building;
a driving unit including a housing formed on one side of the window frame, a driving motor installed in the housing and driven in forward and reverse directions according to a control signal transmitted from the fire detection sensor, and a sprocket connected to the driving motor;
One end is connected to the exhaust window and the middle side of which the direction is changed is engaged with the sprocket to be accommodated in or drawn out of the housing, and is interlocked when the driving motor is driven to discharge smoke caused by a fire by a convection method, thereby opening the exhaust window. It provides a natural discharge type ventilation system comprising a; power transmission member for opening.

Description

Natural exhaust ventilation system {smoke control system}

This specification relates to a smoke control system, and more specifically, when a fire is detected inside a building, the smoke caused by the fire is discharged to the outside in a convective manner through a smoke exhaust window, and according to the outdoor wind pressure The present invention relates to a natural discharge type smoke control system in which a smoke control window is closed to prevent external air from entering a smoke control area (fire area).

Unless otherwise indicated herein, material described in this section is not prior art to the claims in this application, and inclusion in this section is not an admission that it is prior art.

According to recent statistics, more than 40,000 fires occurred nationwide from 2009 to 2017, and in 2017 alone, 2197 people were killed and property damage was over 500 billion won. More than 60% of these occurred in houses and buildings.

According to statistics, the number one cause of fire deaths is suffocation due to smoke, and 60 to 70% of fire deaths are caused by suffocation or poisoning caused by toxic smoke.

Therefore, it is very important to control smoke generated in the event of a building fire so that occupants can safely evacuate.

To this end, the building and firefighting related laws have regulations on smoke exhaust systems and smoke control systems for the rapid discharge of smoke generated in the event of a fire.

Among them, in relation to the Building Act, Article 14 of the ‘Rules on Facility Standards for Buildings, etc.’ stipulates the contents of building smoke exhaust systems.

Smoke exhaust facilities can be divided into natural exhaust and mechanical exhaust, and the basics of natural exhaust are exhaust windows and exhaust pipes.

Exhaust windows are facilities that detect smoke in the event of a fire and open the windows to discharge smoke and toxic gases.

On the other hand, the ‘Act on Fire Prevention, Installation and Maintenance of Fire-Fighting Facilities, and Safety Management (abbreviated as the Fire-Fighting Facility Act)’ stipulates fire-fighting facilities that operate mechanically by fans and pumps.

Smoke windows are installed in buildings so that they can be automatically or manually controlled to open to the outside so that smoke from the corresponding floor can be immediately discharged in the event of a building fire.

The exhaust pipe, which is an outlet for discharging smoke or heat flow when the smoke control system is in operation, is connected to the smoke control airway, and in the event of a fire, it performs a smoke exhaust function in various forms according to the smoke control method. Exhaust window is a kind of 'natural exhaust smoke machine' that ventilates with natural force due to the difference in density.

That is, when a fire occurs inside the building, the smoke exhaust window is quickly operated to discharge toxic gas inside to the outside, thereby minimizing human casualties and making it easy to secure time for evacuation.

The smoke exhaust window described above may cause a problem in that in the event of a fire, the occupants inside the building must evacuate from the smoke control area by directly opening the smoke window, and the smoke due to the fire flows back to the escape port when the external wind pressure is high.

In general, a typical smoke exhaust window installed in a ventilation area of a residential or commercial building is formed in a form in which a window is connected to an upper side of a window frame by a hinge, and a lower portion is formed to open at a predetermined angle toward the outside of the window frame.

Republic of Korea Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1767584 (2017.08.18. notice) has been registered and announced a smoke window opening and closing device and its control method.

In the embodiment of the present specification, when a fire is detected inside the building, the smoke caused by the fire is discharged to the outside in a natural convection method through a smoke control window, but the smoke window is forcibly closed according to the outdoor wind pressure. It is related to a ventilation system with natural discharge, which prevents backflow of outside air.

Embodiments of the present specification relate to a natural exhaust ventilation system that enables children or the elderly to quickly escape to the outside by easily opening a smoke exhaust window when an emergency due to a fire occurs inside a building.

According to one embodiment of the present specification in order to achieve the above and other objects of the present specification,

In a natural discharge type smoke control system having a window frame constituting a smoke exhaust window of a building and a smoke exhaust window formed to be opened and closed on the window frame,

A fire detection sensor that detects a fire in the building;

a driving unit including a housing formed on one side of the window frame, a driving motor installed in the housing and driven in forward and reverse directions according to a control signal transmitted from the fire detection sensor, and a sprocket connected to the driving motor;

One end is connected to the exhaust window and the middle side of which the direction is changed is engaged with the sprocket to be accommodated in or drawn out of the housing, and is interlocked when the driving motor is driven to discharge smoke caused by a fire by a convection method, thereby opening the exhaust window. It provides a natural discharge type ventilation system comprising a; power transmission member for opening.

The natural exhaust ventilation system according to the embodiment of the present specification having the above configuration has the following advantages.

In normal times, the smoke exhaust window can be opened and closed manually, and when a fire is detected inside the building, the smoke from the fire is discharged to the outside through the smoke exhaust window in a natural convection method. As air is prevented from entering the control area (fire area), convenience and fire safety can be secured.

In addition, in the event of a fire inside the building, children or the elderly can easily and manually open the smoke exhaust window to quickly evacuate to the outside to prevent valuable human casualties.

1 is a schematic diagram of a natural exhaust ventilation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present specification;
2 is a view for explaining natural smoke control in a fire room;
3 is a block diagram for explaining the ventilation system shown in FIG. 1;

Hereinafter, a natural discharge type smoke control system according to a preferred embodiment of the present specification will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 3, a natural exhaust ventilation system according to an embodiment of the present specification

In a natural discharge type smoke control system having a window frame forming a smoke control window (smoke control window) of a building such as a house or a building, and a smoke control window formed to be opened and closed on the window frame,

A conventional fire detection sensor 10 (for example, a heat detector or a smoke detector may be used) for detecting a fire in the building when it occurs;

The housing 30 formed on one side of the window frame 20 (for example, the drive motor 40, the sprocket 50, the power transmission member 80 (drive chain)) is hollow inside to accommodate the long length. may be formed in a hexahedral shape) and a drive motor 40 installed in the housing 30 and driven in a forward (clockwise) or reverse (counterclockwise) direction according to a control signal transmitted from the fire detection sensor 10 (As an example, a brush type may be used) and a driving unit 60 including a sprocket 50 connected to the driving motor 40;

One end is connected to the smoke exhaust window 70 (smoke control window) and the middle side where the direction is changed is engaged with the sprocket 50 to be accommodated in or withdrawn from the housing 30, and toxic gases including smoke caused by fire are discharged through the smoke exhaust window. Power transmission member 80 (for example, a conventional no-back chain may be used, It is characterized by including;

According to a more preferred embodiment, when the smoke due to the occurrence of a fire in the above-mentioned building is discharged to the outside through the smoke exhaust window 70, when the outdoor wind pressure exceeds the set pressure, it is detected and a control signal is given to the driving motor 40 driving unit. and a differential pressure sensor 90 for blocking reverse inflow of external air into the smoke control area (fire area) by closing the exhaust window 70 due to the traction of the power transmission member 60. do.

Although not shown in the drawing, the above-described opening method of the exhaust window 70 is a sliding method, a tilt method, a project method, a casement method, a pivot method, etc. can

In the drawing, reference numeral 30a is a guide passage for guiding the movement of the power transmission member 80 in the form of a chain accommodated in or withdrawn from the housing 30 by the sprocket 50 rotated when the driving motor 40 is driven.

Hereinafter, a natural discharge type ventilation system according to an embodiment of the present specification will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , when a fire occurs, the smoke exhaust window may be operated in the following order.

When a fire occurs inside the building, the fire detection sensor 10 detects it and transmits a fire detection signal to the driving unit 60 including the driving motor 40.

As the driving motor 40 accommodated in the housing 30 is driven by the control signal applied from the driving unit 60, the sprocket 50 connected to the driving motor 40 is rotated.

Due to this, the rotation of the sprocket 50 allows the power transmission member 80 (referring to the drive chain) to be relaxed along the guide passage 30a of the housing 30 by an arbitrary length.

That is, the smoke exhaust window 70 can be opened by the power transmission member 80 having one end connected to the smoke exhaust window 70. Therefore, toxic gases, including smoke caused by a fire inside the building, are discharged to the outside in a natural convection method through the open smoke window 70, thereby minimizing valuable human casualties and securing time for evacuation to a safe place. .

On the other hand, when the environmental condition is that the outdoor wind pressure of the building where the fire has occurred exceeds the set pressure, the wind pressure is detected by the differential pressure sensor 90 mounted on the window frame 20 and the detection signal is transmitted to the drive unit 60.

As a result, the drive motor 40 is driven by the control signal applied from the drive unit 60, and the power transmission member 80 (drive chain) is pulled by the sprocket 50 connected to the drive motor 40 to drive the housing ( 30) is accommodated in the guide passage 30a.

Therefore, the window frame 20 can be closed by rotating the smoke exhaust window 70 connected to one end (referring to the outer end) of the power transmission member 80 around the hinge part. As a result, when the wind pressure outside the building on fire exceeds the set pressure, outside air flows into the fire zone in reverse, and toxic gases including smoke from the fire zone flow into the corridor and escape room of the building. By closing the window 70, it is possible to block it.

At this time, when the driving motor 40 is driven, the power transmission member 80 (referring to a so-called no-back chain) is accommodated in or pulled out of the guide passage 30a of the housing 30 by the sprocket 50 to open and close the smoke exhaust window 70. ) Since it can be easily used by those skilled in the art in the technical field to which this specification belongs, detailed descriptions of their configuration and usage are omitted.

In the present specification, the smoke exhaust window 70 mounted to the window frame 20 to be opened and closed has been described as an example, but it can be applied to various types of automatically operated doors, automatic windows, etc., of course.

In addition, while the smoke exhaust window 70 is manually or automatically operated, the structure is simple and the number of parts can be reduced, thereby improving economic feasibility.

Although the above specification has been described with reference to preferred technical ideas by way of example, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and equivalent other embodiments without departing from the essential characteristics of the specification.

Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in this specification are intended to explain rather than limit the technical idea, and the protection scope of the specification should be interpreted in accordance with the technical idea of the claims, and all technical ideas within the equivalent scope are the rights of this specification. should be construed as being within the scope.

10; fire detection sensor
20; window frame
30; housing
30a; guide passage
40; driving motor
50; sprocket
60; driving part
70; Yeonchang Bae
80; power transmission member
90; differential pressure sensor

Claims (2)

In a natural discharge type smoke control system having a window frame constituting a smoke exhaust window of a building and a smoke exhaust window formed to be opened and closed on the window frame,
A fire detection sensor that detects a fire in the building;
a driving unit including a housing formed on one side of the window frame, a driving motor installed in the housing and driven in forward and reverse directions according to a control signal transmitted from the fire detection sensor, and a sprocket connected to the driving motor;
One end is connected to the exhaust window and the middle side of which the direction is changed is engaged with the sprocket to be accommodated in or drawn out of the housing, and is interlocked when the driving motor is driven to discharge smoke caused by a fire by a convection method, thereby opening the exhaust window. A natural exhaust ventilation system comprising a; power transmission member for opening. According to claim 1,
When the smoke caused by a fire inside the building is discharged to the outside through the smoke exhaust window, when the outdoor wind pressure exceeds the set pressure, it is sensed and a control signal is applied to the drive motor drive unit so that the power transmission member pulls the smoke exhaust window. The natural discharge type ventilation system further comprising a differential pressure sensor for blocking reverse inflow of external air into the ventilation area by closing it.

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