KR20230102176A - Soil mixture for slope stablity - Google Patents

Abstract

Soil mixture for slope stabilization is earth dust, compost, vermiculite, vegetation soil including coco peat and sludge, cement, calcined gypsum and reinforcing material including admixture, and bentonite, sodium silicate, silica powder, methyl cellulose, polycarbonate plasticizer, aluminum sulfate and an additive containing ammonium phosphate.

Description

Soil mixture for slope stabilization {SOIL MIXTURE FOR SLOPE STABLITY}

The present invention relates to soil mixtures used to stabilize slopes.

Artificially damaged slopes are occurring due to development works such as roads, housing site development, and industrial complex development. Recently, with the increase in extreme weather events such as localized heavy rains, floods, and typhoons due to environmental changes, collapse accidents on damaged slopes are frequent. Various slope stabilization techniques are being developed to restore damaged slopes, but as herbaceous species decline within a few years after reforestation, the slope becomes devastated again, and slope erosion, scour, and sliding phenomena appear. Therefore, in order to increase the stability of the slope, the need for developing a soil mixture that improves the physical performance of soil for slope greening and facilitates vegetation has emerged.

An object of the present invention is to provide a soil mixture for slope stabilization that can provide a growth basis for vegetation while increasing the stability of an artificial slope.

The soil mixture for slope stabilization according to the spirit of the present invention may include vegetation soil including earth powder, compost, vermiculite, coco peat and sludge. The soil mixture for slope stabilization may include a reinforcing material including cement, calcined gypsum, and an admixture. The soil mixture for slope stabilization may include additives including bentonite, sodium silicate, silica powder, methyl cellulose, polycarbonate plasticizer, aluminum sulfate and ammonium phosphate.

The soil mixture for slope stabilization may further include a bio-agent containing calcium carbonate and microorganisms.

The earth powder may include humus soil and weathered soil. The compost may include bark compost and organic compost. The sludge may include papermaking sludge and sewage sludge.

The cement may include at least one of micro cement and CSA cement. The admixture of the reinforcing material may include at least one of fly ash, blast furnace slag, and silica fume.

The microorganism of the bio-preparation may include at least one of Sporosarcina pasteuri and Bacillus pasteuri.

The vegetation soil may further include oyster shell fertilizer.

The soil mixture for slope stabilization according to an embodiment of the present invention includes vegetation soil that provides a growth base for vegetation, a reinforcing material capable of stabilizing the slope, and an additive for improving the performance of the vegetation soil and the reinforcing material, thereby stabilizing the artificial slope and We can provide all the bases for growth.

The embodiments described in this specification are only one preferred example of the disclosed invention, and there may be various modifications that can replace the embodiments in this specification at the time of filing of the present application.

Terms used in this specification are used to describe the embodiments, and are not intended to limit and/or limit the disclosed invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this specification, terms such as "include" or "have" are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, but one or more other features It does not preclude in advance the existence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Terms including ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" used herein may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited by the terms, and the terms are one It is used only for the purpose of distinguishing a component from other components. For example, a first element may be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element may be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail.

It is difficult to restore natural slopes artificially formed due to development work because the existing vegetation conditions are damaged. In addition, when the slope is a rock cut surface or a concrete reinforcement construction is performed to reinforce the rock slope, it becomes more difficult to green the slope. The soil mixture for slope stabilization according to an embodiment of the present invention can provide a growth basis for vegetation while increasing the stability of an artificial slope.

Soil mixture for slope stabilization according to an embodiment of the present invention may include vegetation soil, reinforcing materials and additives. Vegetation soil may include earth manure, compost, vermiculite, coco peat and sludge. The soil mixture for slope stabilization according to an embodiment of the present invention may include 35 to 95 parts by weight of vegetation soil, 1 to 40 parts by weight of a reinforcing material, and 1 to 30 parts by weight of an additive.

Vegetation soil for slope stabilization soil according to an embodiment of the present invention may include earth powder, compost, vermiculite, cocopeat, and sludge to supply nutrients and planting water so that seeds can be vegetated. Vegetation soil of the soil mixture according to an embodiment of the present invention is based on 100 parts by weight of soil, 10 to 100 parts by weight of compost, 10 to 100 parts by weight of vermiculite, 10 to 100 parts by weight of sludge, and 10 to 100 parts by weight of coco peat can include The content of compost, vermiculite, sludge and coco peat may be increased or decreased depending on the soil environment of the slope to which the soil mixture according to an embodiment of the present invention is to be applied.

Soil manure may include humus soil, weathered soil, and the like, and compost may include fermented compost, manure, organic compost, and bark compost. Soil manure and compost can supply sufficient organic matter and nutrients during the growth period of arboreal plants. High-quality natural organic matter is fermented for a long period of time to produce less odor and gas than general compost, induce healthy growth of plants, improve planting soil pH, nutrient retention and buffering capacity, as well as improve soil structure, water retention and drainage. It plays a role in increasing the survival and growth of plants by supplying abundant organic matter and essential nutrients to plants.

Vegetation soil may contain sludge to increase water holding capacity. Sludge plays an important role in plant growth as it has excellent water absorption and moisturizing power and high organic matter content. The sludge may include sewage sludge and paper mill sludge.

Papermaking sludge has excellent warming and moisturizing effects, contains nitrogen, phosphoric acid, magnesium and minerals, plays a role in promoting early growth such as the germination of flowers, and improves the physical performance of soil mixtures due to its excellent adhesion. can

Sewage sludge contains a large amount of organic matter and organic matter in which microorganisms can grow, and can play a role in controlling the moisture content, adjusting the pH of the soil, and removing odors. In addition, sewage sludge promotes hardening of soil mixture, and can perform soil cementation function using carbon dioxide gas, heavy metal and harmful substance adsorption function, strength enhancement function, and the like.

Vegetation soil may include vermiculite and coco peat. Vermiculite is porous and has good absorption capacity. Coco peat contains abundant plant nutrients and carbon-containing substances because it has high water retention and retention capacity, good air permeability, low density, high cation exchange capacity, and resistance to decomposition.

The soil mixture of the vegetation soil of the soil mixture according to an embodiment of the present invention may include 80 to 95 parts by weight of humus soil and 5 to 20 parts by weight of weathered soil. Vegetative soil compost according to an embodiment of the present invention may include 80 to 95 parts by weight of bark compost and 5 to 20 parts by weight of organic compost. Since the vegetation soil of the soil mixture according to an embodiment of the present invention is difficult to mix with the reinforcing material if the moisture content is too high, the contents of humus soil and bark compost may be higher than the contents of weathered soil and organic compost.

The sludge of vegetation soil according to an embodiment of the present invention may include 50 to 100 parts by weight of papermaking sludge and 20 to 50 parts by weight of sewage sludge. Since the sludge according to an embodiment of the present invention is difficult to mix with the reinforcing material if the organic component is too high, the content of the sewage sludge having a high organic content may be lower than that of the papermaking sludge.

Sixting soil according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a fertilizer using oyster shells. Oyster shells are alkaline fertilizers that have the effect of neutralizing acidified soil, are resistant to cold damage, pests and diseases, and are excellent at suppressing root disease. In addition, it is not inferior to the use of construction materials and limestone products, and in terms of environment, it is effective in adsorbing and removing pollutants (SO2, H2S, CO2) from factory exhaust gases, removing heavy metals, improving wastewater quality, and improving sludge dehydration. Sixting soil according to an embodiment of the present invention may include 5 to 40 parts by weight of oyster shell fertilizer based on 100 parts by weight of soil.

The soil mixture according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a reinforcing material to enhance the adhesiveness and adhesion of vegetation soil. The reinforcing material may include cement, calcined gypsum, and admixture.

Cement may include micro cement, CSA (calcium sulfoaluminate) cement, and the like. Micro-cement has a fineness of 7,000 cm ² /g or more, an average particle size of 5 μm, excellent permeability, high strength and excellent durability, and may contain an inorganic filler harmless to groundwater and soil. CSA cement contains components of calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, and sulfur dioxide, and has characteristics of fast hardening, expansibility, and early strength. The calcined gypsum may include anhydrous gypsum or hemihydrate gypsum obtained by removing all or part of the water after the gypsum is baked. Plaster of paris hardens by absorbing moisture.

The admixture may include fly ash, blast furnace slag, silica fume, and the like. Admixtures can be mixed in the manufacture of concrete to reduce the proportion of cement to lower the heat of hydration and make the concrete more airtight.

Fly ash and blast furnace slag increase fluidity, decrease permeability, and reduce compressive strength at the beginning, but increase over time to increase durability. Silica fume can impart very high strength and durability to cement. Silica fume has a very high resistance to chloride ion penetration, so it can prevent concrete corrosion caused by snow removal agents or seawater salt.

The reinforcing material of the soil mixture according to an embodiment of the present invention may include magnesium oxide to reinforce the rigidity of cement. Magnesium oxide helps cement develop high strength and durability, and has excellent alkali resistance.

The reinforcing material of the soil mixture according to an embodiment of the present invention is based on 100 parts by weight of cement, 50 to 200 parts by weight of calcined gypsum, 10 to 70 parts by weight of magnesium oxide, 1 to 50 parts by weight of fly ash, and 1 to 50 parts by weight of blast furnace slag. and 1 to 50 parts by weight of silica fume.

The soil mixture according to an embodiment of the present invention may include additives to improve plant growth performance of vegetation soil. The additive may include bentonite, sodium silicate, silica powder, methyl cellulose, polycarboxylate copolymer superplasticizer, aluminum sulfate, and ammonium phosphate.

Bentonite refers to clay mainly containing montmorillonite, a mineral belonging to the monoclinic system having a crystal structure like mica. Bentonite may include quartz, feldspar, zeolite, and the like. Bentonite adsorbs water and swells, and has clear cation exchange properties, so it is advantageous for storing planting water for plant growth.

Sodium silicate, as a hardening accelerator for concrete, contributes to chemical stabilization of the ground when the soil is collapsible. Silica powder can improve compressive strength and flexural strength after curing, and shrinkage due to drying can be reduced due to its low water absorption rate. In addition, adsorption properties can be improved and chemical resistance to sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, organic acids and the like can be increased.

The soil mixture according to an embodiment of the present invention can increase the moisture content without shrinkage after hardening by mixing bentonite with high water absorption and silica powder with low water absorption in an appropriate ratio.

When mixed with water, methyl cellulose becomes a viscous solution or gel, which can increase the viscosity or act as an emulsifier. Polycarboxylic acid plasticizers have the characteristics of increasing viscosity and showing plasticity in an alkaline environment, such as cement hydrate, while acting as a humectant, adsorbing heavy metals in cement, preventing leakage to the outside, and preventing an increase in pH. Aluminum sulfate and ammonium phosphate are coagulants, and their pH is acidic, so the strong alkalinity of cement can be adjusted to a pH suitable for plant growth.

The additive of the soil mixture according to an embodiment of the present invention is based on 100 parts by weight of sodium silicate, 10 to 100 parts by weight of bentonite, 1 to 100 parts by weight of silica powder, 1 to 100 parts by weight of methyl cellulose, 1 to 100 parts by weight of polycarbonate plasticizer 100 parts by weight, 1 to 50 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate, and 1 to 50 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate.

Soil mixture according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a bio-agent for consolidation. Biologics may include calcium carbonate and microorganisms. The biologic agent may include at least one microorganism of the genus Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Bacillus, and Sporosarcina. The biologic preparation may include Sporosarcina Pasteurii bacteria or Bacillus Pasteruii bacteria.

Microorganisms in biologics take urea as food, consume nutrients through urease, and produce carbonate ions (CO ₃ ^2- ) and ammonium (NH ₄ ⁺ ). When the carbonate ion reacts with water, it can exist as carbonate ion (CO ₃ ^2- ), hydrogen carbonate ion (HCO ₃ ^- ), and carbonic acid (H ₂ CO ₃ ), respectively. It happens differently depending on The reaction between hydrogen carbonate ion (HCO ₃ ^- ) and calcium ion (Ca ²⁺ ) produces calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) and water (H ₂ 0), or two hydrogen carbonate ions (HCO ₃ ^- ) and calcium ion Calcium carbonate (CaCO ³ ), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), and water (H ₂ O ₎ can be produced by the reaction of (Ca 2+ ).

When biologics are added to cement, the strength is increased without air drying or heat, so biologics can be used as an admixture, and the amount of cement used can be effectively reduced. When biologics are added to cement, the setting time and initial strength tend to increase. This is because calcium carbonate, the main component of biologics, is promoted through a microhydration exothermic reaction with calcium silicate in cement.

The specific surface area of the biologic agent is 70,000 cm ² /g, which is about 10 times more than the 7,000 cm ² /g specific surface area of microcement, and it has excellent permeability because it is composed of even particles.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail through examples. However, the following examples are only for explaining the present invention in detail, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples.

<Example 1>

Based on 100 parts by weight of soil, about 20 parts by weight of compost, about 20 parts by weight of vermiculite, about 30 parts by weight of coco peat, and about 10 parts by weight of papermaking sludge were mixed to prepare vegetation soil. Here, based on 100 parts by weight of the soil powder, about 5 parts by weight of microcement, about 3 parts by weight of calcined gypsum, and a reinforcing material containing about 2 parts by weight of silica fume as an admixture were added. Then, based on 100 parts by weight of the soil powder, about 3 parts by weight of bentonite, about 3 parts by weight of sodium silicate, about 2 parts by weight of silica powder, about 2 parts by weight of methyl cellulose, about 2 parts by weight of polycarboxylic acid plasticizer, about 1 part by weight Additives containing aluminum sulfate and about 1 part by weight of ammonium phosphate were further added. In addition, based on 100 parts by weight of the soil manure, a bio-preparation containing about 1 part by weight of calcium carbonate and a culture medium in which Sporosarcina pasteuri was cultured as a microorganism was added at about 1 part by weight.

The vegetation soil, the reinforcing material, the additive, and the bio formulation were mixed to prepare a soil mixture.

<Example 2>

Substantially the same as in Example 1, and Bacillus pasteuri was used as the microorganism.

<Example 3>

Substantially the same as in Example 1, and blast furnace slag was used as the admixture.

<Comparative example>

It is substantially the same as in Example 1, and the reinforcing material, the additive, and the bio formulation are not used.

<Test Example 1>

The soil mixtures prepared according to Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example were sprayed onto a slope having a size of about 10 m^2, respectively.

Here, the installation thickness was selected and constructed considering the geology, rock quality, soil condition, and natural environment according to the construction area.

Next, native herbaceous plants such as sheep grass, cornflower, and cosmos and woody plants such as silk trees and bush clover were planted in the same way, and germination and growth of plants were confirmed for about 1 month, and are shown in Table 1.

In addition, the compressive strength and adhesive strength of the construction surface constructed according to the above embodiment were measured and shown in Table 1.

Here, the compressive strength was performed according to the test method according to KS F 2314 (2001), and the adhesive strength was performed according to the test method according to KS F 4716 (2006).

division Date of first germination (hour) Survival rate (%)/31 days Compressive strength (N/mm^2) Adhesion strength (N/mm^2) Example 1 39 96 0.29 0.18 Example 2 40 95 0.28 0.16 Example 3 35 94 0.25 0.17 comparative example 41 62 0.16 0.09

As shown in Table 1, the soil mixtures according to Examples 1 to 3 had a good survival rate, a compressive strength of at least 0.25 N/mm, and an adhesive strength of at least 0.13 N/mm. It can be seen that it has strength enough to withstand impact or rain and has much better adhesion than general soil and existing dry, wet, and semi-wet materials. On the other hand, in the case of the comparative example, it was found that the survival rate was low and the compressive strength and adhesive strength were low.

In the above, the configuration and characteristics of the present invention have been described based on the embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and various changes or modifications can be made within the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art, and thus such changes or modifications are within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (6)

Vegetation soil, including soil, compost, vermiculite, coco peat and sludge;
reinforcing materials including cement, calcined gypsum and admixture; and
Soil mixture for slope stabilization comprising: bentonite, sodium silicate, silica powder, methyl cellulose, polycarbonate plasticizer, additives including aluminum sulfate and ammonium phosphate. According to claim 1,
Soil mixture for slope stabilization further comprising a bio-agent containing calcium carbonate and microorganisms. According to claim 1,
The soil powder includes humus soil and weathered soil,
The compost includes bark compost and organic compost,
The sludge is a soil mixture for slope stabilization comprising papermaking sludge and sewage sludge. According to claim 1,
The cement includes at least one of micro cement and CSA cement,
The admixture is a soil mixture for slope stabilization containing at least one of fly ash, blast furnace slag and silica fume. According to claim 2,
The microorganism is a soil mixture for slope stabilization comprising at least one of Sporosarcina pasteuri and Bacillus pasteuri. According to claim 1,
The vegetation soil is a soil mixture for slope stabilization further comprising an oyster shell fertilizer.