KR20230024596A - Origin management system according to FTA - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an origin management system according to FTA, which is developed to meet the environment of a specific country that sticks to individual laws for raw materials financially used in FTA origin management on export products. The origin management system comprises: a basic information input unit for receiving basic information on each product for determining the country of origin from the terminal of an export and import company (manufacturer); and an origin determination unit for storing origin determination criteria according to an FTA conclusion, determining the country of origin of individual items in each sales ledger according to the origin determination criteria specified for each individual item, refers to a bill of material (BOM) for each individual item to track and refer to the purchase ledger of raw materials used for each individual item by using a first-in, first-out method, and uses the same to determine the country of origin. Therefore, the origin management system can be used by exporting companies having a presence in specific countries requiring origin determination using individual laws.

Description

Origin management system according to FTA}

The present invention relates to a system for managing the origin of export products, and in particular, in accordance with the free trade agreement (FTA) developed to meet the environment of a specific country that adheres to the individual laws of raw materials used in accounting in the FTA origin management of export products. It's about the management system.

A Free Trade Agreement (FTA) is an agreement that liberalizes the movement of goods or services in order to promote mutual trade between specific countries. It is a preferential trade agreement concluded between two countries or between regions for

These FTAs are bilateral and regional preferential trade systems that apply zero or low tariffs only to member countries. It has the advantage of greatly expanding the market, promoting export and investment of products with comparative advantage, and at the same time achieving the effect of creating trade. However, the positive aspects of trade creation effect, consumer choice enhancement, competitive liberalization effect, trade refraction effect, and foreign investment effect are more highlighted, and major trading countries are rapidly increasing FTAs.

Korea, which is highly dependent on trade, also has FTAs with Chile, Singapore, EFTA, ASEAN, India, EU, Peru, USA, Turkey, Australia, Canada, China, New Zealand, Vietnam, Central America and Colombia.

In order for goods imported or exported from FTA signatories to receive special FTA application, they must basically meet the transaction requirements between signatories, product requirements, origin requirements, FTA application procedure requirements, and transportation requirements.

On the other hand, among the above-mentioned requirements, the types of origin requirements (or origin determination standards) are classified into complete production standards, tax number change standards, value-added standards, and processing process standards. In many cases, when the relevant standards are applied because they are necessary for determining the country of origin, practitioners suffer greatly or even give up on the application of the standards.

In particular, Vietnam adheres to the individual laws of raw materials used for accounting in the FTA origin management of exported (sales) products. And there is the inconvenience of having to prove the purchase price.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-2178676 Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-0973462 Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1312679

Accordingly, the present invention was invented to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the main purpose of the present invention is to deny the average method for raw materials used in accounting in the FTA origin management of export products and to specific countries that require determination of origin by individual law. It is to provide an origin management system according to the FTA that can be used by exporting companies.

Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide an origin management system according to the FTA to which a simulation judgment function capable of confirming the origin through preliminary determination is added prior to the origin determination.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide an origin management system that can be used by exporters operating in a specific country requiring origin determination by individual law, but to prevent distortion of origin determination that may occur when an abnormal price is used for origin determination. It is to provide an origin management system according to the FTA that can be eliminated.

The origin management system according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object is an executable system installed on a server computer capable of accessing one or more of an exporter/importer terminal, a manufacturer terminal, and a material supplier terminal through a communication network,

a basic information input unit that receives basic information of each product for origin determination from the connected terminal;

The country of origin determination criteria according to the conclusion of an FTA are stored, and the country of origin is determined according to the origin determination criteria prescribed for each item for each item in the sales ledger, and the BOM (Bill of Material) is searched for each item and It is characterized by including; an origin judgment unit that traces and inquires the purchase ledger of raw materials used for each item in a first-in-first-out method and uses it to determine the origin.

Furthermore, the origin management system including the above-described configuration further includes a standard unit price setting unit for inputting and setting the standard unit price permissible ratio and the number of days of tracking purchase for each raw material purchased or imported by a user accessing the system, and determining the origin blowing,

If the unit price recorded in the purchase ledger of the raw material tracked by the first-in-first-out method by regressing by the number of purchase tracking days is out of the range calculated by the standard unit price included in the basic information and the standard unit price allowance ratio, the first-in-first-out method Another feature is that the purchase ledger of the raw material is traced back and inquired according to the method.

In the origin management system of this configuration, the origin determination unit,

Another feature is that when a user accessing the system confirms the origin determination result, the purchase ledger of the raw material used for the origin determination is excluded from the remaining amount of the purchase ledger to be tracked and inquired.

In addition, the above-described origin management system further includes a simulation information input unit that receives basic information of each product for pre-determination of the country of origin from the connected terminal, but receives basic information including tentative sales information rather than actual sales information. In this case, the origin determination unit inquires the BOM based on the exported product and the date of sale, traces and inquires the purchase information based on the date of sale, and then pre-determines the origin based on the sales quantity and sales price. do.

According to the above-described technical problem solving means, the origin management system according to an embodiment of the present invention rejects the average method for raw materials used in accounting in the FTA origin management of export products and requires a specific country (Vietnam) to determine the origin by individual law It has the advantage of providing an origin management system according to the FTA that can be conveniently used by exporting companies in the

Furthermore, we provide an origin management system that can be used by exporters operating in specific countries that require a determination of origin by individual law, but by removing distortions in the determination of origin that may occur when an abnormal price is used for determination of origin, in advance, This has the effect of minimizing the damage to be suffered when a certificate of origin is incorrectly issued due to the distortion of

In addition, the preliminary origin determination function provided by the origin management system according to an embodiment of the present invention has an effect of providing system users with an opportunity to promote convenience and economic benefits in trade transactions.

1 is an exemplary peripheral configuration diagram of an origin management system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a detailed configuration example of the country of origin management system 200 of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is an exemplary origin determination flow diagram for amplifying the operation of the origin management system 200 in Figure 1;

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The following detailed description of the present invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate specific embodiments in which the present invention may be practiced in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clear. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable a person skilled in the art to practice the present invention. Also throughout the description and claims of the present invention, the word 'comprise' and variations thereof are not intended to exclude other technical features, additions, components or steps. Other objects, advantages and characteristics of the present invention will appear to those skilled in the art, in part from this description and in part from practice of the invention. The examples and drawings below are provided as examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Moreover, the present invention covers all possible combinations of the embodiments shown herein. It should be understood that the various embodiments of the present invention are different from each other but are not necessarily mutually exclusive. Additionally, it should be understood that the location or arrangement of individual components within each disclosed embodiment may be changed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the detailed description set forth below is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention, if properly described, is limited only by the appended claims, along with all equivalents as claimed by those claims. In addition, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context, items referred to in the singular include plural unless otherwise required by the context. In addition, in describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known configuration or function may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted.

First, FIG. 1 illustrates a peripheral configuration diagram of an origin management system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The origin management system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a server (origin authentication server) accessible to the importer/import company (or manufacturer) terminal 100, the material supplier 170 terminal, and the manager terminal 150 through a communication network. As an executable program installed in the computer's memory, it includes a number of logical functional blocks as shown in FIG. 2 .

The importer/importer terminal 100 and the material supplier terminal 170 each represent a computer terminal of an exporter, importer, or product manufacturer and a computer terminal of a material supplier, and the importer/importer, manufacturer, and material supplier (person in charge) It may be a user of the country of origin management system 200 according to an embodiment of the invention.

System users and the like input and provide basic information of products necessary for origin determination through their terminals 100, 150, and 170 to the origin management system 200 to be described later.

Basic product information required to determine the country of origin includes item information, purchase information, sales information, BOM (Bill of Material), purchase source information, vendor information, and standard unit price information.

Item information includes plant, item code, HS code, HS version, item name, and unit, and purchase information includes plant, purchase source code, purchase number, vehicle, item code, purchase date, country code, purchase quantity, and purchase amount and sales information includes plant, vendor code, sales number, vehicle, item code, sales date, sales country, sales quantity, and sales price.

BOM, which is a statement of purchased raw materials, includes plant, upper code, lower code, standard quantity, actual input quantity, and application start date. Purchaser information includes purchaser code, purchaser name, and business registration number. name is included Standard unit price information includes plant, item code, application start date, application end date, and standard unit price.

The country of origin management system 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention uses user setting information that can be set by the system user to determine the origin of the basic information in order to eliminate in advance distortion of the country of origin that may occur when an abnormal price is used to determine the country of origin. It can be added as part of input. The user setting information includes the number of purchase tracking days and standard unit price tolerance rate (%).

The country of origin management system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention presents a user interface screen having a form for receiving the above-described basic information to the system user terminal.

On the other hand, the origin management system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention determines the origin of raw materials input for the production of export products by applying the origin determination criteria according to the FTA conclusion, and issues related documents accordingly. .

As another deformable embodiment, the origin management system 200 provides a service in which a system user can confirm the origin through preliminary determination before determining the origin, such as an increase in selling price or a change in source of raw materials, in advance. It can give a time opportunity to derive the result of the origin determination advantageously, and it can provide room for price negotiation between the transaction parties in advance, taking into account the benefits of tariff reduction, etc.

In FIG. 1, the unexplained linking agency server 300 shows a server of an organization that provides customs administration, such as a customs service server and a customs corporation server, and the origin management system 200 provides necessary Information may be provided to system users.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the origin management system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be further described with reference to FIG. 2 .

FIG. 2 illustrates a detailed configuration diagram of the country of origin management system 200 in FIG. 1 .

As shown, the origin management system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention,

A basic information input unit 205 that receives basic information for determining the origin of each product from the import/export company (or manufacturer) terminal 100 and the material supplier terminal 170 accessed through the communication network;

The country of origin decision criteria according to the conclusion of the FTA are stored in the information DB (220), and the country of origin is determined according to the country of origin decision criteria prescribed for each item for each item existing in the sales ledger. Material) to trace and inquire the purchase ledger of the raw material used for the individual item in a first-in-first-out method, and include an origin determination unit 215 that is used to determine the origin. The country of origin determination unit 215 determines the country of origin of the raw materials used for the respective individual item according to the value-added standard.

On the other hand, as another embodiment of the present invention, the origin management system 200, in addition to the above-described basic information input unit 205, inputs and sets the standard unit price allowance rate and the number of days to track purchase for each raw material purchased or imported by the user accessing the system. A standard unit price setting unit 210 may be further included. In this case, the country of origin determination unit 215 recurses by the number of days of purchase tracking, and calculates the unit price recorded in the purchase ledger of the raw material tracked and inquired in the first-in-first-out method by the standard unit price included in the basic information and the standard unit price allowance rate. If it is out of the specified range (exceeds or falls below), the purchase ledger of the raw material is retraced and inquired according to the first-in-first-out method. In this case, the country of origin determination unit 215 excludes and manages the purchase ledger of the raw material used to determine the country of origin from the remaining amount of the purchase ledger to be traced and inquired when the user accessing the system confirms the country of origin determination result.

The information DB 220 not explained in FIG. 2 stores and manages basic information of each product input from the terminals 100 and 150 of each system user, regardless of origin determination criteria according to the conclusion of an FTA.

As another example that can be modified, the origin management system 200 receives basic information of each product for pre-determination of the country of origin from the connected terminals 100 and 170, but basic information including provisional sales information rather than actual sales information. It may further include a simulation information input unit 225 that receives input.

In this case, the country of origin determination unit 215 inquires the BOM based on the exported product and the date of sale, traces and inquires purchase information based on the date of sale, and determines the country of origin in advance based on the number of sales and the sales price.

In order to determine the FTA country of origin of exported products, sales (export) information is essential. The provisional sales information is a kind of export information and includes the destination country, export product information, sales date, sales quantity, and sales price.

The above destination country refers to the FTA countries to determine the country of origin, and the export product information is information necessary to determine the BOM for each export product and the target raw material to track purchase (import) information, and the sales date is first in, first out. This information is necessary to determine the purchase information to be tracked through the method, and the sales quantity is information necessary to calculate the quantity of purchase (income) information to be deducted in the first-in-first-out method. Selling price is basically necessary information to determine the country of origin.

Hereinafter, a method of determining the origin according to the value-added standard in the origin management system 200 including the above-described configuration will be further described with reference to FIG. 3 .

FIG. 3 illustrates an origin determination flowchart for amplifying the operation of the origin management system 200 in FIG. 1 .

First of all, the origin determination method according to an embodiment of the present invention is developed so that it can be used by exporting companies in a specific country, for example, Vietnam, which adheres to the individual laws of raw materials used in accounting in the FTA origin management of export products.

In order to determine the country of origin of an export product, it is necessary to match each case of purchase information of raw materials input into the production of export products, but matching with each case of purchase information of raw materials input for the production of export products is practically impossible. The present invention was invented to solve this problem, and introduces a method of matching raw material purchase information according to a first-in-first-out method by backtracking purchase (import) information of raw materials input to produce export products to a specific point in time. did

Prior to referring to FIG. 3, the origin management system 200 provides basic information (BOM, item information, sales place, purchase place, sales ledger) of each product for determining the country of origin from the system user terminal 100 through the basic information input unit 205. , such as a purchase ledger) is received and stored in the information DB 220.

In this way, when the basic information of each product for determining the origin is input, the origin determination unit 215 executes the origin determination routine as shown in FIG. 3 .

First of all, to determine the country of origin, the country of origin determination unit 215 inquires the determined item (step S100). Origin determination is performed for each sales ledger. There may be one item in the sales ledger, but in general, there are several items. Accordingly, the country of origin determination unit 215 inquires what items exist in the sales ledger.

Next, the country of origin determination unit 215 inquires and confirms the country of origin requirements for each item, that is, the country of origin determination criteria (the condition that the place of origin can be made in the region) (step S110). When the criteria for determining the country of origin defined for each individual item is determined, the origin determining unit 215 inquires the BOM for each individual item (step S120). A bill of materials (BOM) is a 'statement of input raw materials' and is a statement of purchased raw materials used in manufacturing and producing an item, so it is possible to confirm which raw materials were used for the item to determine the country of origin.

Through the BOM inquiry, the origin determination unit 215 inquires the purchase ledger of the raw material used for the item (step S130). At this time, the purchasing ledger to be searched is searched from the first purchased ledger according to the first-in-first-out method. If the system user inputs and sets the purchase tracking days through the standard unit price setting unit 210, the purchase ledger is tracked and inquired according to the first-in-first-out method by returning as many as the purchase tracking days.

Thereafter, the country of origin determination unit 215 may determine the country of origin through steps S150 to S170 to be described later using the inquired purchase ledger. However, in the case of tracking purchase information in a simple first-in-first-out method, there is a possibility that an abnormal price (notably high or low price) is used to determine the country of origin. In this case, it is desirable to exclude it because distortion of origin determination may occur.

For example, in the case of an abnormal price, even though the material code managed by the company is the same, if the price of the purchase is reduced due to a claim in an existing transaction or a price discount occurs due to a sample transaction, even if it is the same raw material, the transaction conditions Prices may vary due to special features.

The reason for excluding the performance of purchases at abnormal raw material prices from the origin determination is that if the certificate of origin is issued incorrectly due to distortion of the origin determination, additional tax as well as additional tariff benefits must be paid, and the country will not receive the origin benefit at all for a certain period of time. Because there is a possibility. Since such damage is greater than the damage suffered from not being issued a certificate of origin due to exclusion, that is, the loss from not being able to receive customs benefits, it is desirable to exclude the performance of purchasing raw materials at abnormal prices from the determination of origin.

To this end, the origin management system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a step S140 of comparing standard unit prices. That is, the country of origin determination unit 215 determines the unit price of the raw material described in the purchase ledger inquired in step S130, the range of allowable values calculated by the standard unit price of the raw material included in the basic information and the standard unit price allowable ratio set by the system user. It is determined whether it deviates (step S140).

As a result of the judgment, if the standard unit price (which can also be referred to as the contract unit price) listed in the purchase ledger is within the calculated standard unit price tolerance, it is judged as a normal price, and the origin determination unit 215 determines that the inquired purchase ledger is used for origin determination S150 proceed in stages

If the standard unit price is out of tolerance, the origin determining unit 215 judges the price to be abnormal, returns to step S130 without using the corresponding purchase ledger, and retraces and inquires the next purchased purchase ledger according to the first-in-first-out method.

On the other hand, when the purchase ledger to be used for determining the origin is determined through step S140, the origin determination unit 215 inquires whether a certificate of origin confirming the origin of raw materials issued by a supplier exists in the information DB 220 (step S150). do. If there is a certificate of origin, it is recognized as a regional (domestic) material, and if there is no certificate, it is recognized as a foreign (imported) material.

Thereafter, the origin determination unit 215 calculates the cost of materials produced in the region and the cost of materials produced outside the region based on the results of the inquiry of the purchase ledger and the certificate of origin (step S160), executes the determination of origin (step S170), and stores the determination result in the information DB 220. save and manage

In addition, the country of origin determination unit 215 proceeds to step S190 to manage the remaining amount for the purchase ledger. More specifically, the origin determination unit 215 excludes (subtracts) the purchase ledger of raw materials used for origin determination from the remaining amount of the purchase ledger to be traced and inquired when the user accessing the system confirms and confirms the origin determination result. manage the remaining amount of

As described above, the origin management system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention rejects the average method for raw materials used in accounting in the FTA origin management of export products and requires a specific country to determine the origin by an individual law, for example For example, it has the advantage of providing an origin management system according to the FTA that can be conveniently used by export companies in Vietnam.

Furthermore, we provide an origin management system that can be used by exporters operating in specific countries that require a determination of origin by individual law, but by removing distortions in the determination of origin that may occur when an abnormal price is used for determination of origin, in advance, This has the effect of minimizing the damage to be suffered when a certificate of origin is incorrectly issued due to the distortion of

Meanwhile, as a deformable embodiment of the present invention, the origin management system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a preliminary origin determination (simulation) function to promote system user convenience.

A system user who wishes to predict the result of FTA origin determination in advance inputs provisional sales (export) information conditions into the origin management system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention before sales (export) information is confirmed, In the case of sales (export) under the applicable conditions, you can receive the result of the FTA country of origin determination.

To this end, the country of origin management system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention receives basic information of each product for pre-determination of country of origin from the connected terminal 100, but basic information including tentative sales information rather than actual sales information. A simulation information input unit 225 for receiving information is further included. The provisional sales information includes the destination country, export product information, sales date, sales quantity, and sales price. Depending on the system implementation method, basic information excluding tentative sales information may be input through the basic information input unit 205 , or only tentative sales information may be input through the simulation information input unit 225 .

When a system user enters basic information including tentative sales information and issues a preliminary origin determination order, the origin determination unit 215 first determines the FTA subject to determination based on the destination country, and then determines the BOM is searched, purchase information is traced and retrieved based on sales date, and country of origin is determined based on sales quantity and sales price, and the result is output as a preliminary country of origin determination result.

As a result, the system user can be provided with a preliminary prediction result of determining the origin of the FTA when exporting the provisional sales information.

For reference, as a result of the above-mentioned pre-determination, if it is determined to be 'originating', an FTA certificate of origin (C/O) can be issued, and based on the FTA certificate of origin, importers benefit from reducing customs duties. Therefore, since there is room for price negotiation between transaction parties in consideration of tariff reduction benefits, the system user has a practical benefit of using the preliminary country of origin determination (simulation) function provided by the system of the present invention.

On the other hand, if it is judged to be 'non-originating' as a result of the preliminary judgment, the system user can check the reason for the 'non-originating country', and the result of the judgment of origin in advance, such as an increase in selling price or a change in raw material procurement, is advantageous. As a result, the preliminary origin determination function provided by the origin management system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention can promote convenience and economic benefits of trade transactions to system users. It has the effect of providing opportunities.

Meanwhile, the country of origin management system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention has been described as being installed and executed in a separate service providing server, but may be installed and executed in a computer system of an exporter or manufacturer without any modification.

The present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but this is only exemplary, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom. Therefore, the true technical scope of protection of the present invention should be defined only by the appended claims.

Claims (4)

In the origin management system that is installed and executable on a server computer accessible to at least one of an importer and exporter terminal, a manufacturer terminal, and a material supplier terminal through a communication network,
a basic information input unit that receives basic information of each product for origin determination from the connected terminal;
The country of origin decision criteria according to the conclusion of an FTA is stored, and the country of origin is determined according to the country of origin decision criteria prescribed for each item for each item in the sales ledger, and the BOM (Bill of Material) is searched for each item and An origin determination unit that traces and inquires the purchase ledger of raw materials used for each item in a first-in-first-out method and uses it to determine the origin; Origin management system characterized by including. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a standard unit price setting unit for inputting and setting the standard unit price tolerance rate and the number of days to track purchase for each raw material purchased or imported by a user accessing the system, wherein the origin determination unit,
If the unit price recorded in the purchase ledger of the raw material tracked by the first-in-first-out method by regressing by the number of purchase tracking days is out of the range calculated by the standard unit price included in the basic information and the standard unit price allowance ratio, the first-in-first-out method Origin management system characterized in that the purchase ledger of raw materials is retraced and inquired according to. The method according to claim 2, wherein the origin determining unit,
An origin management system characterized in that when a user accessing the system confirms the origin determination result, the purchase ledger of the raw material used for determining the origin is excluded from the remaining amount of the purchase ledger to be tracked and inquired. The simulation information according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein basic information of each product for pre-determination of country of origin is received from the connected terminal, but basic information including tentative sales information, not actual sales information, is input. It further includes an input unit; and the country of origin determination unit
An origin management system characterized by pre-determination of the country of origin based on sales quantity and sales price after inquiry of BOM based on export products and sales date, tracking and inquiry of purchase information based on sales date.

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