KR20220131202A - A fall prevention method using a brain wave measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fall prevention method using a brain wave measuring device. The method comprises: a step in which an electromyogram measures unit measures the rise in electromyogram due to eye movement during sleep; a step in which a brain wave measuring unit measures a brain wave during sleep; a step in which a controlling unit determines whether or not to enter sleep by analyzing the rise of the electromyogram and the brain wave during sleep; a step in which an acceleration sensor and a gyro sensor measure the difference between a moving state and a horizontal state for each of the gravitational acceleration and the angular acceleration applied to the center of gravity of the user's head to sense the degree of tilt and the degree of rotation of a user; a step in which the controlling unit analyzes the sensed degree of tilt and the degree of rotation to determine whether or not an awakening state; a step in which when the degree of tilt and the degree of rotation of the user is analyzed to exceed a certain value, the controlling unit determines the same as 'sudden movement after awakening' caused by the user's delirium, and when analyzed less than a certain value, the controlling unit determines the same as a 'REM sleep state'; and a step in which when the 'sudden movement after awakening' is determined, the controlling unit operates an alarm unit. In addition, the degree of tilt and the degree rotation of the user is accurately detected and simple left-right movement of the head or a simple up-and-down movement caused by standing up during sleep is classified as noise, and the amount of data required for determining a sleep stage can be minimized.

Description

A fall prevention method using a brain wave measuring device

The present invention relates to a fall prevention method, in particular, confirms entering into sleep by measuring changes in EEG and EMG, and detects changes in acceleration and angular acceleration to accurately distinguish between sudden movement caused by awakening during sleep and REM sleep state. By notifying medical staff, it relates to a fall prevention method using an EEG measuring device that can minimize the risk of falls due to delirium.

As the number of elderly patients increases, the number of falls in hospitals is also increasing every year. Delirium is an important cause of falls.

In particular, in the case of delirium occurring during night sleep, it is difficult to predict, and there is a limit that the existing monitoring method cannot prevent it except by strapping.

Conventionally, an anesthesia depth meter is used to evaluate sleep anesthesia, measures EEG variations according to sleep cycles, and calculates the depth of anesthesia based on EEG values and EMG values.

1 is a graph showing a general change in BIS according to a change in sleep time of a normal person.

2 is a graph showing the general change of BIS according to the change of time upon awakening from the sleep state of a normal person.

3 is a graph showing general changes according to types of sleep according to sleep cycles of normal people during sleep.

In general, as shown in FIG. 3 , the sleep cycle starts with a rapid eyeball movement (REM) sleep phase at the beginning of the first cycle and leads to the first to fourth stages of sleep, but from the middle of the first cycle, the sleep The steps are repeated in the forward or reverse direction.

In this case, light sleep is maintained from the REM sleep stage to the second stage sleep, and deep sleep is maintained in the third to fourth stage sleep.

During REM sleep, some cerebral activity increases and a specific phenomenon called rapid eyeball movement appears.

However, despite the fact that the REM sleep state is different from the actual awakening state, it shows a similar pattern as shown in Figs. There were difficult limitations.

Korean Patent KR 10-2164475 B1

It is an object of the present invention to confirm entering into sleep through changes in EEG and electromyography, and by detecting changes in acceleration and angular acceleration to determine whether it is a sudden movement due to awakening during sleep, thereby risking falls due to sudden delirium after awakening An object of the present invention is to provide a fall prevention method using an EEG measuring device that can prevent falls by notifying medical staff through an alarm in this case.

The object of the present invention is not limited to the object mentioned above, and other objects and advantages of the present invention not mentioned can be understood by the following description, and will be more clearly understood by the examples of the present invention. Further, it will be readily apparent that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means and combinations thereof indicated in the claims.

A fall prevention method using the EEG measuring device of the present invention for achieving the above object comprises the steps of: measuring, by an EMG measuring unit, an increase in EMG due to eye movement during sleep; Measuring an EEG during sleep through a plurality of patches attached to the user's head by an EEG measuring unit; determining, by the controller, whether to enter sleep by analyzing the elevation of the EMG measured by the EMG measurement unit and EEG during sleep measured by the EEG measurement unit; Sensing the degree of inclination and rotation of the user by measuring the difference between the motion state and the horizontal state for each of the gravitational acceleration and angular acceleration applied by the acceleration sensor and the gyro sensor to the three-dimensional axis of the center of gravity of the user's head to do; determining, by the controller, whether the user is in an awake state by analyzing the degree of inclination and rotation of the user sensed by the acceleration sensor and the gyro sensor with respect to the user determined to have entered the sleep; When it is analyzed that the user's tilt degree and rotation degree exceed a certain value, the controller determines that it is 'sudden movement after awakening' due to the user's delirium, and when it is analyzed to be less than a certain value, it is converted to a 'REM sleep state' judging; and when the control unit determines that the 'sudden movement after awakening' is caused by the user's delirium, operating the alarm unit to call a medical staff on duty in a medical institution, such as a hospital.

Specific details of other embodiments are included in "Details for carrying out the invention" and the accompanying "drawings".

Advantages and/or features of the present invention, and methods of achieving them, will become apparent with reference to the various embodiments described below in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

However, the present invention is not limited only to the configuration of each embodiment disclosed below, but may also be implemented in various other forms, and each embodiment disclosed in this specification only makes the publication of the present invention complete, It is provided to fully inform those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains to the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood that the present invention is only defined by the scope of each claim.

According to the present invention, sudden movements due to arousal accompanied by delirium are accurately distinguished from REM sleep through acceleration sensing and gyro sensing, so that it is possible to correct the user's posture and to detect the prognosis of a fall in bed early. The risk of injury is minimized.

In addition, the degree of inclination and rotation of the user is accurately detected, and simple left and right movements of the head during sleep or simple up and down movements by standing up are classified as noise, and the amount of data required to determine the sleep stage can be minimized.

1 is a graph showing the general change of BIS according to the change of sleep time of a normal person.
2 is a graph showing the general change of BIS according to the change of time upon awakening from the sleep state of a normal person.
3 is a graph showing general changes according to types of sleep according to the sleep cycle during sleep of a normal person.
4 is a graph showing changes in EEG during REM sleep according to a general sleep cycle.
5 is a graph showing a general change pattern of the chi (CAI) value of an adult male during sleep.
6 is a block diagram of an apparatus for implementing a fall prevention method using an EEG measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the operation of the acceleration sensor 130 in the fall prevention device shown in FIG.
8 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a method for preventing a fall using an EEG measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Before describing the present invention in detail, the terms or words used herein should not be construed as being unconditionally limited to their ordinary or dictionary meanings, and in order for the inventor of the present invention to describe his invention in the best way Concepts of various terms can be appropriately defined and used.

Furthermore, it should be understood that these terms or words should be interpreted as meanings and concepts consistent with the technical spirit of the present invention.

That is, the terms used herein are only used to describe preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to specifically limit the content of the present invention.

It should be understood that these terms are defined in consideration of various possibilities of the present invention.

Also, in the present specification, a singular expression may include a plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Also, it should be noted that even if it is similarly expressed as a plural, it may include a singular meaning.

In the case where it is stated throughout this specification that a component "includes" another component, it does not exclude any other component, but further includes any other component unless otherwise indicated. It could mean that you can.

Furthermore, when it is described that a certain component is "exists in or connected to" of another component, the component may be directly connected to or installed in contact with the other component.

In addition, they may be installed to be spaced apart from each other by a certain distance, and in the case where they are installed to be spaced apart by a certain distance, there may be a third component or means for fixing or connecting the corresponding component to another component. .

Meanwhile, it should be noted that the description of the third component or means may be omitted.

On the other hand, when it is described that a certain element is "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that the third element or means does not exist.

Likewise, other expressions describing the relationship between components, such as "between" and "immediately between", or "adjacent to" and "directly adjacent to", have the same meaning. should be interpreted as

In addition, in the present specification, terms such as "one side", "the other side", "one side", "the other side", "first", "second", etc., with respect to one component, the one component is a different component. It is used so that it can be clearly distinguished from the element.

However, it should be understood that the meaning of the corresponding component is not limitedly used by such terms.

In addition, in this specification, terms related to positions such as "upper", "lower", "left", and "right", if used, should be understood as indicating a relative position in the corresponding drawing with respect to the corresponding component.

In addition, unless absolute positions are specified with respect to their positions, these position-related terms should not be understood as referring to absolute positions.

Furthermore, in the specification of the present invention, terms such as “…unit”, “…group”, “module”, and “device”, if used, mean a unit capable of processing one or more functions or operations.

It should be noted that this may be implemented in hardware or software, or a combination of hardware and software.

In the drawings attached to this specification, the size, position, coupling relationship, etc. of each component constituting the present invention are partially exaggerated, reduced, or omitted for convenience of explanation or in order to sufficiently clearly convey the spirit of the present invention. may be described, and thus the proportion or scale may not be exact.

In addition, in the following, in describing the present invention, a detailed description of a configuration determined that may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, for example, a detailed description of a known technology including the prior art may be omitted.

4 is a graph showing changes in EEG during REM sleep according to a general sleep cycle.

5 is a graph showing a general change pattern of the chi (CAI) value of an adult male during sleep.

As shown in Figs. 5(a) and 5(b), the BIS value of a normal person is 80 or more upon awakening, between 60 and 80 is evaluated as simple sedation and weak sleep, and less than 60 is moderate or more decreased consciousness. It is considered a deep sleep stage.

However, there are differences between individuals, so the change pattern of the BIS value is more important than the absolute value.

That is, when entering the sleep phase from the awakening state, the change in the BIS value shows a constant change pattern as shown in FIG. 4, and the present invention implements an algorithm to recognize the sleep state when the BIS value falls below 60 and the change pattern is similar to the sleep entry. do.

6 is a block diagram of a device for implementing a method for preventing a fall using an EEG measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and includes a sensor unit 100, a control unit 200, and an alarm unit 300, and a sensor The unit 100 includes an EMG measuring unit 110 , an EEG measuring unit 120 , an acceleration sensor 130 , and a gyro sensor 140 .

7 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the operation of the acceleration sensor 130 in the fall prevention device shown in FIG.

8 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a method for preventing a fall using an EEG measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

An operation of the method for preventing a fall using the EEG measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be schematically described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 8 .

The EMG measuring unit 110 in the sensor unit 100 measures an increase in EMG indicating eye movement due to eye movement during sleep (S110).

The EEG measuring unit 120 in the sensor unit 100 measures EEG during sleep through a plurality of patches attached to the user's head (S12).

The controller 200 determines whether to enter sleep by analyzing the elevation of the EMG measured by the EMG measuring unit 110 and EEG during sleep measured by the EEG measuring unit 120 ( S200 ).

In the present invention, the control unit 200 includes a microprocessor, an application-specific semiconductor, etc. for performing various calculations, judgments, and control of operations of other components.

When the acceleration sensor 130 and the gyro sensor 140 in the sensor unit 100 are in a motion state and a horizontal state for each of the gravitational acceleration and the angular acceleration applied to the three-dimensional axis of the center of gravity G of the user's head, By measuring the difference between the user's inclination degree and rotation degree is sensed (S300).

The controller 200 analyzes the degree of inclination and rotation of the user sensed by the acceleration sensor 130 and the gyro sensor 140 with respect to the user determined to have entered the sleep state to determine whether the user is in an awakened state (S400).

When it is analyzed that the degree of inclination and rotation of the user exceeds a certain value, the control unit 200 determines that it is 'sudden movement after awakening' due to the user's delirium (S500), and is analyzed to be less than or equal to a certain value, The controller 200 determines the 'REM sleep state' (S600).

At this time, when it is analyzed that the degree of inclination and rotation of the user is less than a predetermined value, the controller 200 determines that the user is a simple left and right movement of the head during sleep or a simple vertical movement by standing up as noise. By classifying, the amount of data required to determine the sleep stage is minimized.

When the control unit 200 determines that it is 'sudden movement after awakening' due to the user's delirium, it operates the alarm unit 300 to call the medical staff on duty in a medical institution such as a hospital (S700).

An operation of the acceleration sensor 130 shown in FIG. 7 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 to 8 .

In step S200 of FIG. 8 , when the control unit 200 determines that the user enters the sleep state, and then the measurement value of the depth of anesthesia increases, the present invention provides a step S300 to determine whether the user is in an awake state or a REM sleep state. ), the difference between the acceleration sensing and gyro sensing values is used.

In other words, most of the tossing and turning during sleep is mainly a horizontal movement, and the range of movement is limited or the movement line does not deviate significantly from the normal direction of gravity (vertical direction).

This is because it is possible to prevent a fall by installing an obstacle such as a handrail in the bed used by the user, so the control unit 200 detects that the difference between the acceleration sensing and the gyro sensing value is not large in step S300 and 'REM sleep state' (S600), the alarm unit 300 is not activated.

On the other hand, sudden movement due to delirium after awakening with a risk of falling is varied and random, as shown in FIG. Unlike the graph of the REM sleep state of FIG. 4 , a spike occurs in a specific axial direction.

At this time, when the patient sits up or stands up and crosses the railing during consciousness, the controller 200 determines the difference between the acceleration sensing and the gyro sensing value in step S300. Based on the calculation, the risk of falling is predicted.

In other words, when excessive movement of the user's head in a specific direction occurs during sleep, there is a high probability of a fall accident in the hospital room.

Therefore, the present invention continuously monitors the change in the three-dimensional angular axis of the center of gravity (G) of the user's head during sleep, and when the difference between the acceleration sensing and the gyro sensing value sharply increases, 'sudden movement after awakening' to operate the alarm unit 300 (S700).

As such, the present invention confirms entering into sleep through changes in EEG and electromyography, and detects changes in acceleration and angular acceleration to determine whether a sudden movement is due to awakening during sleep, thereby preventing falls due to sudden delirium after awakening. A fall prevention method using an EEG measuring device that can prevent falls by notifying medical staff through an alarm when there is a risk is provided.

Through this, the present invention accurately distinguishes sudden movements due to arousal accompanied by delirium from REM sleep through an acceleration sensor and a gyro sensor, corrects the user's posture, and enables early detection of falls in bed, thereby reducing the risk of injury due to falls this will be minimized.

In addition, the degree of inclination and rotation of the user is accurately sensed, and the user is judged as a simple left-right movement of the head during sleep or a simple up-and-down movement by standing up and classified as noise. The amount of data can be minimized.

In the above, although several preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described with some examples, the descriptions of various various embodiments described in the "Specific Contents for Carrying Out the Invention" item are merely exemplary, and the present invention Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand well that the present invention can be practiced with various modifications or equivalents to the present invention from the above description.

In addition, since the present invention can be implemented in various other forms, the present invention is not limited by the above description, and the above description is intended to complete the disclosure of the present invention, and is generally It should be understood that this is only provided to fully inform those with knowledge of the scope of the present invention, and that the present invention is only defined by each of the claims.

100: sensor unit
110: electromyography measurement unit
120: EEG measurement unit
130: acceleration sensor
140: gyro sensor
200: control unit
300: alarm unit

Claims (1)

A fall prevention method using the EEG measuring device of the present invention for achieving the above object comprises the steps of: measuring, by an EMG measuring unit, an increase in EMG due to eye movement during sleep;
Measuring an EEG during sleep through a plurality of patches attached to the user's head by an EEG measuring unit;
determining, by the controller, whether to enter sleep by analyzing the elevation of the EMG measured by the EMG measurement unit and EEG during sleep measured by the EEG measurement unit;
The acceleration sensor and the gyro sensor measure the difference between the movement state and the horizontal state for each of the gravitational acceleration and angular acceleration applied to the three-dimensional axis of the center of gravity of the user's head to sense the user's inclination and rotation. to do;
determining, by the controller, whether the user is in an awake state by analyzing the degree of inclination and rotation of the user sensed by the acceleration sensor and the gyro sensor with respect to the user determined to have entered the sleep; When it is analyzed that the user's tilt degree and rotation degree exceed a certain value, the controller determines that it is 'sudden movement after awakening' due to the user's delirium, and when it is analyzed to be less than a certain value, it is converted to a 'REM sleep state'judging; and
When the control unit determines that the 'sudden movement after awakening' is caused by the user's delirium, operating the alarm unit to call a medical staff on duty in a medical institution such as a hospital; a fall prevention method using an EEG measuring device comprising a.

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