KR20220054991A - Bulbous plant harvesting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a crop harvester. The crop harvester of the present invention can easily excavate a crop underground. In addition, the crop harvester can efficiently remove a soil and a foreign substance contained in the crop while minimizing a damage to the excavated crop. The crop harvester comprises: a main body unit; an excavation unit; a soil removing unit; a transfer unit; a selection unit; and a storage unit.

Description

Crop Harvester {BULBOUS PLANT HARVESTING MACHINE}

The present invention relates to a crop harvester, and more particularly, to a crop harvester capable of easily harvesting bulb crops such as garlic and onions without damage.

In general, there are potatoes, sweet potatoes, onions, garlic, carrots, ginseng and the like as bulb crops grown in the field. However, it takes a lot of time and manpower to harvest such bulbous crops (hereinafter abbreviated as 'crops') without damage to the skin.

Accordingly, a prior application for an underground crop harvester capable of automatically and easily harvesting bulbous crops has been previously filed as Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2015-0045270 (2015.04.28.) and the like.

However, the conventional underground crop harvester has a structure in which the soil is not properly separated from the mined crop through a transfer conveyor, and the efficiency of separating the soil may be reduced.

In addition, there is a problem that crops transferred by the vibration of the conveyer may be thrown upwards and may be separated to the outside or damage to the crops may occur.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0045270 (2015.04.28.)

The present invention has been devised to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is a crop harvester that can easily excavate crops in the ground, and can efficiently remove soil and foreign substances contained in crops while minimizing damage to the excavated crops. Its purpose is to provide

The crop harvester of the present invention for realizing the object as described above, is provided with a towing unit so that it can be towed by being connected to a moving means, the body portion is provided with a wheel at the lower portion; an excavation unit provided with an excavation blade installed inclined downwardly in the front at the lower end of the body in the direction in which the body unit is towed, excavating crops in the ground; a soil removal unit provided with at least a pair of rotating bodies disposed along the longitudinal direction of the rear end of the excavation unit to primarily remove soil attached to crops transferred to the rear through the excavation unit; A plurality of rotating rolls with a plurality of projections radially protruding from the outer circumferential surface are provided along the transport direction of the crop so that the crops that have passed through the soil removal unit are transported to the rear, and the soil remaining on the crops can be removed secondarily. a transfer unit spaced apart; a sorting unit for transporting the crop rearward by installing a transfer conveyor along the longitudinal direction of the rear end of the transfer unit so that an operator can pick out a lump of soil or foreign substances contained in the crop that has passed through the transfer unit; and a receiving unit installed on a cradle at the rear end of the sorting unit and accommodating the selected and transported crops.

In this case, the rotating body of the soil removal unit may include a rotating shaft that is rotated by receiving power from a motor; and a plurality of striking rods that are spaced apart from each other in a radial direction of the axis of rotation.

In addition, the rotating roll of the transfer unit, a roll shaft rotated by receiving power from the motor; and a bundle of protrusions that are fitted along the longitudinal direction of the roll shaft and that the protrusions are formed on the outer circumferential surface.

In addition, the protrusion bundle may be formed of a soft synthetic resin material to minimize damage to the crop.

In addition, the rotary roll may further include a spacer fitted between the bundles of projections to adjust the spacing between the bundles of projections according to the type and size of the crop to be harvested.

In addition, the transfer unit may further include a pressing unit installed at a predetermined distance above the transfer unit to prevent the crops transferred through the transfer unit from escaping to the outside to form a transfer path for the crops therebetween. can

In addition, the pressing portion is formed in a size corresponding to the size to cover the upper opening of the transfer portion, the pressing plate member is coupled to the sliding hole on both sides of the main body slidably up and down; and an elastic pressing member for elastically supporting the pressing plate member toward the transfer unit.

In addition, the conveying conveyor of the sorting unit may be installed rotatably in an endless track method by receiving power from a plurality of rollers arranged one after another in the longitudinal direction.

In addition, the conveying conveyor may be operated interlockingly by receiving power at a predetermined reduction ratio via the conveying unit and the winding transmission element.

In addition, the conveying conveyor, one side is rotatably coupled to the roller, and the other side is placed on the upper outer peripheral surface of the neighboring roller in the upper conveying section of the conveying conveyor to form a flat surface; further including, the upper In the conveying section, the rotating plate fills the gap between the rollers, and in the lower return section, the other side of the rotating plate turns downward by gravity and opens the gap between the rollers, so that the soil falling from the upper conveying section is the It can be discharged downward through the gap between the rollers.

In addition, the outer peripheral surface of the roller may further include a soft rubber tube fitted so as to fill a gap between the roller and the adjacent roller.

In addition, the sorting unit may be provided with an operator's footrest on one or both sides of the main body to perform the sorting operation while the operator is on board the main body.

In addition, the sorting unit may further include a partition plate that divides the upper transport section of the transport conveyor into a left transport section and a right transport section, and provides a partition space therebetween, further comprising, based on the transport direction of the transport conveyor Workers disposed on both sides of the main body may sort the soil or foreign substances included in the transferred crop and then put it in the compartment and separate and discharge it.

In addition, the partition plate is formed in a '<' or 'C' shape with an open rear when viewed in a plan view to provide the partition space therein. It can be separated and discharged after being transported.

In addition, at the rear end of the transfer conveyor, a pair of discharge guide plates in the width direction of the transfer conveyor so that the crops transferred through the left transfer section and the right transfer section can be induced into the receiving unit; Further comprising, a discharge port may be provided between the pair of discharge guide plates so that a lump of dirt or foreign substances that are separated and transported through the partition space of the partition plate can be separated and discharged.

In addition, the accommodating part may include;

In addition, the receiving unit, the upper side is pivotably coupled to the main body portion, the lower side of the support frame for supporting the bottom surface of the tone bag hung on the cradle; and an actuator installed so as to be able to move forward and backward on one side of the support frame to adjust the angle and height of the toneback.

The crop harvester according to the present invention having the above configuration can easily excavate the crops in the ground through the excavation unit, and efficiently remove the soil attached to the crop while minimizing damage to the crops excavated through the soil removal unit and the transfer unit. can do it

In addition, there is an advantage in that high-quality crops can be stored in the storage unit by allowing the operator to easily remove the dirt or foreign substances contained in the crops through the sorting unit.

1 is a side view showing the overall configuration of a crop harvester according to the present invention;
2 is a plan view of a crop harvester according to the present invention;
3 is a schematic side view showing an excavation part and a soil removal part according to the present invention;
4 is a perspective view of the excavation blade according to the present invention;
5 is a perspective view showing a rotating body of the soil removal unit according to the present invention;
6 is a perspective view showing a rotating roll of the conveying unit according to the present invention;
7 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 6;
8 and 9 are another embodiment of a rotary roll according to the present invention,
10 is a side view showing a conveying unit and a pressing unit according to the present invention;
11a and 11b is an operation state diagram of the pressing unit according to the present invention;
12 is a partial detailed side view showing a connection portion of the transfer unit and the sorting unit according to the present invention;
13 and 14 are a perspective view and an assembly state diagram of a rotating plate constituting a sorting unit according to the present invention;
15 is a schematic side view showing another embodiment of a transport conveyor according to the present invention;
16 and 17 are side views showing the configuration and operating state of the receiving unit according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Here, in adding reference numerals to the components of each drawing, it should be noted that only the same components are marked with the same reference numerals as much as possible even though they are displayed on different drawings.

1 is a side view showing the overall configuration of the crop harvester according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a plan view of the crop harvester according to the present invention.

1 and 2, the crop harvester 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a main body 100, an excavation unit 200, a soil removal unit 300, a transfer unit 400, and a sorting unit. 500 , and a receiving unit 600 may be included.

The configuration of the present invention will be described in detail as follows.

First, the main body 100 may constitute the main frame of the crop harvester 1 . The main body 100 may be connected to a moving means (not shown) such as a cultivator or a tractor, and a traction unit 101 may be provided at the tip of the traction direction so that it can be towed. In addition, at least a pair of wheels 103 may be provided on both sides of the lower part centering on the traction unit 101 .

The excavation part 200 is to be installed at the lower end of the main body part 100, and this excavation part 200 moves forward with the tip of the gulchwial 201 inserted into the ground cultivated in the ridge, etc. Can excavate bulbous crops.

3 and 4 , the excavation blade 201 may be installed to be inclined downward in a direction in which the main body 100 is towed.

The soil removal unit 300 may first remove the soil attached to the crop that is excavated through the excavation unit 200 and then transferred to the rear. The soil removal unit 300 may be provided with at least a pair of rotating bodies 310 sequentially arranged along the longitudinal direction of the rear end of the excavation unit 200 .

Referring to FIG. 5 , the rotating body 310 includes a rotating shaft 311 that is rotated by receiving power from a motor (not shown), and is radially spaced apart from the rotating shaft 311 to be integral with the rotating shaft 311 . It may include a plurality of striking rods 313 that hit the crops being excavated and transported through the excavation unit 200 while being rotated. The striking rod 313 may be spaced apart parallel to the outer circumference around the rotation shaft 311 via a disk bracket 312 installed to be spaced apart along the longitudinal direction of the rotation shaft 311 .

Referring back to FIGS. 1 and 6 , the transfer unit 400 may transfer the crops that have passed through the soil removal unit 300 to the rear, and may secondarily remove the soil remaining in the transferred crops. A plurality of rotation rolls 410 in which a plurality of projections 413a radially protrude from the outer circumferential surface of the transfer unit 400 may be spaced apart from each other along the transfer direction of the crop.

Specifically, referring to FIG. 7 , the rotary roll 410 is fitted with a plurality of roll shafts 411 rotated by receiving power from a motor (not shown), and a plurality of roll shafts 411 are fitted along the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of rolls are provided on the outer circumferential surface. The projections 413a may include a bundle of projections 413 formed to be spaced apart by a predetermined angle.

In this case, the protrusion bundle 413 provided with the protrusion 413a minimizes damage to the transferred crop P, and even if the protrusions 413a of the adjacent rotary roll 410 interfere and collide, the protrusions ( 413a) is preferably formed of a soft synthetic resin material to prevent damage.

In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8 , the projections 413a of the bundle of projections 413 may be formed in different sizes.

As another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the rotary roll 410 is inserted between the bundles of projections 413 to adjust the spacing between the bundles of projections 413 according to the type and size of the crop to be harvested. A spacer 415 to be coupled may be provided.

Referring to FIG. 10 , the conveying unit 400 is installed at a predetermined interval above the conveying unit 400 to prevent the conveyed crops from escaping to the outside, and a conveying path C of the crops is formed therebetween. It may include a pressing unit 420 to do so.

Specifically, the pressing unit 420 includes a pressing plate member 421 having a corresponding size to cover the upper opening of the transport unit 400, and the elastic supporting the pressing plate member 421 toward the transport unit 400. A pressing member 423 may be included.

In this case, the pressing plate member 421 may be guided by being coupled to the slide long holes 422 on both sides of the main body 100 to be vertically slidable.

Referring to FIG. 11A , the elastic pressing member 423 may have a structure of a piston rod 423c that is elastically supported through an elastic spring 423b in a cylinder 423a.

As shown in FIG. 11b , the pressing part 420 of this structure can adjust the tension to press by adjusting the vertical position of the cylinder 423a according to the size of the crop P to be transported.

On the other hand, the pressing part 420 adjusts the position of the operation lever (not shown) provided on one side of the cylinder 423a without adjusting the position of the cylinder 423a to adjust the elastic modulus of the elastic spring 423b. A structure for adjusting the tension of the pressing part 420 may be further provided.

The transfer unit 400 having this structure may be formed in a structure inclined upwardly toward the rear, thereby reducing the length of the main body 100 to facilitate operation of the transfer means.

12 to 14, the sorting unit 500 is a transport conveyor along the longitudinal direction of the rear end of the transport unit 400 so that the operator can pick out the soil lumps or foreign substances contained in the crops that have passed the transport unit 400 ( 510) can be installed to transport crops to the rear.

Specifically, the conveying conveyor 510 may be rotatably installed in an endless track manner by receiving power from a plurality of rollers 511 that are sequentially arranged along the longitudinal direction.

In this case, the transfer conveyor 510 may be operated interlockingly by receiving power at a predetermined reduction ratio through the transfer unit 400 and the winding electric elements 513 such as chains and sprockets. In addition, a reduction gear (not shown) may be provided to easily adjust the reduction ratio of the rotary roll 410 of the transfer unit 400 and the transfer conveyor 510 .

One side of the conveying conveyor 510 is rotatably coupled to the roller 511, and the other side is placed on the upper outer peripheral surface of the neighboring roller 511 in the upper conveying section L1 of the conveying conveyor 510 to form a flat surface. It may include a rotating plate 515 that does.

Accordingly, the rotating plate 515 may fill the gap between the rollers 511 in the upper transfer section L1 of the transfer conveyor 510 . And in the lower return section L2 of the conveying conveyor 510, the other side of the rotating plate 515 is rotated downward by gravity, thereby opening a gap between the rollers 511. Through the rotating structure of the rotating plate 515 , the soil falling from the upper transfer section L1 can be discharged downward through the gap between the rollers 511 .

Referring to FIG. 15 , in another embodiment, a soft rubber tube 517 may be fitted to the outer circumferential surface of the roller 511 to fill a gap between the roller 511 and the adjacent roller 511 . Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the crop (P) from being caught through the gap between the adjacent roller (511).

Referring back to FIG. 2 , the sorting unit 500 is one side of the main body 100 , preferably of the main body 100 , so that the sorting operation can be performed while the operator is on board the main body 100 . Footrests 520 for workers may be provided on both sides.

In addition, the sorting unit 500 divides the upper transport section (L1) of the transport conveyor 510 into a left transport section (L1a) and a right transport section (L1b) and provides a partition space (L1c) therebetween. A partition plate 530 may be included. Accordingly, based on the transfer direction of the transfer conveyor 510, the worker disposed on both sides of the main body 100 sorts the soil or foreign substances contained in the transferred crop, and then puts it in the partition space L1c to separate and discharge it. can

Specifically, when the partition plate 530 is viewed in a plan view, it is formed in a '<' or 'C' shape with an open rear to provide the partition space L1c therein. The dirt or foreign material injected into the partition space L1c may be transferred to the rear end along the transfer conveyor 510 and then separated and discharged through the outlet 541 .

In this case, at the rear end of the transfer conveyor 510, the crops transferred through the left transfer section L1a and the right transfer section L1b can be introduced into the receiving unit 600 in the width direction of the transfer conveyor 510. A pair of discharge guide plates 540 may be spaced apart.

In addition, the discharge port 541 may be provided between the pair of discharge guide plates 540 so that the dirt or foreign substances that are separated and transported through the partition space L1C of the partition plate 530 can be separated and discharged.

The accommodating unit 600 may be installed on the cradle 601 at the rear end of the sorting unit 500 to receive crops that are sorted and transported through the sorting unit 500 .

Specifically, a sack bag such as a Ton bag 610 having a hook 611 on the accommodating part 600 to be hung on the cradle 601 can be applied.

16 and 17 , the accommodating part 600 may be provided with a tilt adjustment unit 620 to facilitate attachment and detachment of the tone bag 610 in which crops are accommodated. Specifically, the accommodating part 600 has an upper side pivotally coupled to the main body 100 , and a lower side of the support frame 621 for supporting the bottom surface of the tone bag 610 hung on the cradle 601 , and a support frame It may include an actuator 623 installed on one side of the 621 so as to be able to move forward and backward, respectively, horizontally and vertically to adjust the angle and height of the toneback 610 . Accordingly, the angle can be adjusted so that the crop P can be easily accommodated in the tone bag 610, or the tone bag 610 in which the crop P is accommodated can be easily separated and moved.

Then, the process of harvesting the crop P using the crop harvester 1 according to the present invention having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 .

First, the towing unit 101 provided at the front end of the crop harvester 1 may be towed while being connected to a connecting unit (not shown) provided in a transport means (not shown) such as a tractor. The conveying means pulls the crop harvester 1 along the ridge and excavates the crop P in the ground through the excavation part 200 of the front end of the body part 100 .

The crop P, which is excavated and transported to the rear by the excavation unit 200, passes through the upper portion of a pair of rotating bodies 310 provided in the soil removal unit 300, and as the rotating body 310 rotates, the crops P ) to remove the soil attached to the crop (P) by first shaking it.

The crop P that has passed through the excavation unit 200 is transferred to the rear in the longitudinal direction by the rotation of the rotating roll 410 of the conveying unit 400 , and a protrusion 413a provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating roll 410 . ) to remove the soil remaining in the crop (P) secondarily.

The crop (P) from which the soil has been secondarily removed through the transfer unit 400 is transferred to the sorting unit 500, and the crop P transferred along the upper transfer section L1 (see FIG. 12) of the sorting unit 500 ) is bisected into a left transfer section (L1a) and a right transfer section (L1b) by the partition plate (530).

At this time, two workers standing on the footrests 520 on both sides of the main body 100 pick out the dirt or foreign substances (hereinafter referred to as foreign substances) contained in the crop P transferred in the bisected state and select the partition plate 530 ) in the compartment space (L1c). The foreign substances introduced into the partition space L1c are separated and discharged through the discharge port 541 at the rear end of the transfer conveyor 510 .

In addition, the high-quality crops P from which foreign substances have been filtered are transported along the left and right transport sections L1a and L1b, and then are accommodated in the tone bag 610 mounted on the receiving unit 600 through the discharge guide plate 540 .

In the above, the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to specific specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes and modifications are possible without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.

1: crop harvester 100: main body
101: traction unit 103: wheel
200: excavation part 201: excavation blade
300: soil removal unit 310: rotating body
311: rotation shaft 312: disk bracket
313: striking rod 400: transfer unit
410: rotary roll 411: roll shaft
413: lump of stones 413a: projection
415: spacer 420: press
C: transfer passage 421: press plate member
422: slide long hole 423: elastic pressing member
500: sorting unit 510: transfer conveyor
511: roller 513: winding electric element
L1: Upper transfer section L1a: Left transfer section
L1b : Right transfer section L1c : Compartment space
L2: Lower return section 515: Rotating plate
517: rubber tube 520: footrest
530: partition plate 540: discharge guide plate
541: outlet 600: receiving part
601: cradle 610: tone back
611: hook 620: tilt adjustment unit
621: support frame 623: actuator

Claims (17)

a main body part having a traction part connected to a moving means and being towed, and having a wheel at the lower part;
an excavation unit provided with an excavation blade installed inclined downwardly in the forward direction at the lower tip in the direction in which the body unit is towed, and excavating crops in the ground;
a soil removal unit provided with at least a pair of rotating bodies disposed along the longitudinal direction of the rear end of the excavation unit to primarily remove soil attached to crops transferred to the rear through the excavation unit;
A plurality of rotating rolls having a plurality of projections radially protruding from the outer circumferential surface are provided along the transport direction of the crop so as to transport the crops that have passed through the soil removal unit to the rear, and to remove the soil remaining on the crops secondarily. a transfer unit spaced apart;
a sorting unit for transporting the crop rearward by installing a transfer conveyor along the longitudinal direction of the rear end of the transfer unit so that an operator can pick out a lump of soil or foreign substances contained in the crop that has passed through the transfer unit; and
A crop harvester including a; is installed on the cradle at the rear end of the sorting unit, and receives the selected and transported crops.
According to claim 1,
The rotating body of the soil removal unit,
a rotating shaft that is rotated by receiving power from the motor; and
A crop harvester comprising a; a plurality of striking rods spaced apart from each other in a radial direction of the axis of rotation.
According to claim 1,
The rotating roll of the conveying unit,
A roll shaft rotated by receiving power from the motor; and
A crop harvester comprising a; a plurality of protrusions are fitted along the longitudinal direction of the roll shaft and the protrusions are formed on the outer circumferential surface.
4. The method of claim 3,
The lump of protrusions,
A crop harvester that is formed of a soft synthetic resin material to minimize damage to the crop.
4. The method of claim 3,
The rotating roll is
Crop harvester further comprising a; spacer fitted between the projections to be able to adjust the spacing between the projections according to the type and size of the crop to be harvested.
According to claim 1,
In the transfer unit,
Crop harvester further comprising a; a pressing unit that is installed at a predetermined distance above the conveying unit to prevent the crops transferred through the conveying unit from escaping to the outside to form a conveying path for the crops therebetween.
7. The method of claim 6,
The pressing part,
a pressing plate member formed to have a corresponding size to cover the upper opening of the transfer unit and slidably coupled to the slide hole on both sides of the main body; and
Crop harvester comprising; an elastic pressing member for elastically supporting the pressing plate member toward the transfer unit.
According to claim 1,
The transfer conveyor of the sorting unit,
A crop harvester comprising a plurality of rollers arranged in succession in the longitudinal direction to be rotatably installed in a caterpillar manner by receiving power.
9. The method of claim 8,
The transfer conveyor is
A crop harvester that is operated interlockingly by receiving power at a predetermined reduction ratio through the transfer unit and the winding transmission element.
9. The method of claim 8,
The transfer conveyor is
A rotating plate having one side rotatably coupled to the roller, and the other side being placed on the upper outer circumferential surface of the neighboring roller in the upper conveying section of the conveying conveyor to form a flat surface; further including,
In the upper transfer section, the rotating plate fills the gap between the rollers, and in the lower return section, the other side of the rotating plate turns downward by gravity and opens the gap between the rollers, so that the soil falling from the upper transfer section A crop harvester that is discharged downward through the gap between the rollers.
9. The method of claim 8,
On the outer peripheral surface of the roller,
Crop harvester further comprising a soft rubber tube fitted to fill the gap between the neighboring rollers.
According to claim 1,
The selection unit,
Crop harvester comprising: a step for a worker on one side or both sides of the main body to perform a sorting operation while the operator is on board the main body.
13. The method of claim 12,
The selection unit,
It further includes; a partition plate that divides the upper transfer section of the transfer conveyor into a left transfer section and a right transfer section and provides a partition space therebetween,
A crop harvester in which workers disposed on both sides of the main body part on the basis of the transfer direction of the transfer conveyor select soil or foreign substances contained in the transferred crop and then put it in the compartment to separate and discharge it.
14. The method of claim 13,
The partition plate is
When viewed in a plan view, the rear is formed in an open '<' or 'C' shape to provide the compartment space therein, and the soil or foreign material injected into the compartment space is transported to the rear end along the transport conveyor and then separated and discharged. A crop harvester that is.
15. The method of claim 14,
At the rear end of the transfer conveyor,
A pair of discharge guide plates in the width direction of the transfer conveyor so that the crops transferred through the left transfer section and the right transfer section can be guided and put into the receiving unit; further comprising a spaced apart arrangement;
A crop harvester that is provided with an outlet between the pair of discharge guide plates so that the dirt or foreign substances that are separated and transported through the partition space of the partition plate can be separated and discharged.
According to claim 1,
The storage unit,
Crop harvester comprising a; Tonbag (Ton bag) provided with a hook on the top so that it can be installed by hanging on the cradle.
17. The method of claim 16,
The storage unit,
a support frame having an upper side pivotably coupled to the main body and a lower side supporting a bottom surface of the tone bag hung on the cradle; and
Crop harvester comprising; an actuator installed to be able to move forward and backward on one side of the support frame to adjust the angle and height of the toneback.

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