KR20220002297A - Ballast water treatment system and ship equipped with same - Google Patents

Abstract

Ballast water treatment system, the ballast water treatment machine 12 for purification by electrolysis of the ballast water injected into the ballast tank; a fresh water generator 16 for producing fresh water from seawater; a brine tank 26 for collecting and storing high-concentration brine generated when fresh water is prepared by the fresh water generator 16; a brine supply pipe 39 for supplying the high-concentration brine in the brine tank 26 to the ballast water treatment machine 12; and a water intake pipe 15 for supplying the outboard water to the ballast water treatment machine 12, so that when the outboard water of fresh water or brackish water is injected into the ballast tank, the high-concentration brine in the salt water tank is transferred to the ballast water treatment machine 12 supply to

Description

Ballast water treatment system and ship equipped with same

The present invention relates to a ballast water treatment technology for purifying ballast water and a ship having the same.

In ships such as oil tankers and cargo carriers, seawater from ports is filled in ballast tanks when departing with empty loads to stabilize the hull. The seawater, which is filled in the ballast tanks as the weight of the ship, is discharged out of the ship at the port where the cargo is loaded. The seawater filled into the ballast tank, that is, the ballast water, contains aquatic organisms, bacteria, and microorganisms. There is a risk of influence.

Therefore, in order to purify the ballast water taken from the sea, the ballast water is sent to a filter, and organisms or garbage larger than about 50 μm are usually removed as foreign substances. In addition, a sterilization treatment of organisms that could not be removed from the filter is performed. In this way, purified seawater is injected into the ballast tank.

A technology for electrolyzing seawater has been developed to remove aquatic organisms and the like contained in seawater. Seawater can be purified by generating a disinfectant by electrolysis of seawater and sterilizing aquatic organisms or the like with the disinfectant. As described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the treatment method of a ballast water treatment machine that electrolyzes seawater to produce a disinfectant mainly includes a total electrolysis type and a side flow electrolysis type. The total amount electrolysis method is a direct electrolysis method that electrolyzes the entire amount of seawater that is injected, that is, filled into the ballast tank. The side-flow electrolysis method is an indirect electrolysis method in which only a portion of the seawater injected into the ballast tank is electrolyzed to generate a disinfectant, and the amount is injected into the ballast water.

The ballast water treatment machine described in Patent Document 1 includes an intake-side seawater line for injecting ballast water withdrawn from the outside of the ship into the ballast tank, and the ballast water branched from the intake-side seawater line is electrolyzed by an electrolysis module. . When ballast water is electrolyzed, sodium chloride and water, which are the main components of seawater, are decomposed into chlorine, sodium hydroxide, and hydrogen, respectively, and chlorine and sodium hydroxide are chemically reacted to produce sodium hypochlorite. Sodium hypochlorite is mixed with the ballast water sent to the ballast tank to purify the ballast water, and the purified ballast water is injected into the ballast tank.

The treatment device described in Patent Document 2 has a line for guiding the ballast water taken out of the ship to the electrolyzer and a line for injecting the ballast tank into the ballast tank, and can be obtained using chlorine ions generated in the electrolytic cell. Sodium hypochlorite, etc. of the oxidizing agent is mixed with the ballast water injected into the ballast tank.

JP 2011-528982 A JP 2016-209876 A

Since chlorine cannot be produced without electrolyzing seawater, even if water outside a ship is taken as ballast water from a fresh water body such as a river, the ballast water does not contain salt and cannot be purified. In addition, even if the ballast water is withdrawn from the outside of the ship in brackish water areas where fresh water and sea water are mixed, such as an estuary, the salinity concentration is low, so that the ballast water cannot be efficiently purified. Fresh water has a salinity of less than 0.05%, seawater has a salinity of 3.0% or more, and brackish water has a salinity of 0.05-3.0%.

Therefore, when using outboard water taken in from a fresh water area or brackish water area as ballast water, in order to effectively purify the water with an electrolysis type ballast treatment machine, sea water is drawn during the voyage of the sea water area. In some cases, it is stored in a part of a seed seawater tank or a ballast tank as seed seawater (seed seawater).

When outboard water with a low salinity concentration is injected into the ballast tank in brackish water or fresh water, the seed seawater from the seed seawater tank is electrolyzed and mixed with the ballast water to purify the ballast water. However, when the seed seawater is stored in this way, the cargo load must be reduced by at least the weight thereof, and the transport efficiency of the cargo is lowered.

As another method, when a large amount of salt is stored in a ship and when outboard water with a low salt concentration is injected into the ballast tank, salt is added to the outboard water injected into the electrolyzer to electrolyze the generated salt water to generate chlorine can do. In order to generate chlorine in this way, it is necessary to pack and store a large amount of salt in advance, mix salt with fresh water, etc. to prepare brine, and increase crew workload and cost for the purification treatment of ballast water.

An object of the present invention is to minimize the reduction in cargo loading, and to efficiently purify and process outboard water taken from fresh water or brackish water so that it can be injected into a ballast tank.

The ballast water treatment system of the present invention includes a ballast water treatment device for electrolyzing and purifying ballast water injected into a ballast tank, a fresh water generator for producing fresh water from seawater, and the fresh water generator A brine tank that recovers and stores the high-concentration brine generated when producing fresh water, a brine supply pipe for supplying the high-concentration brine in the brine tank to the ballast water treatment machine, and outboard water supply to the ballast water treatment machine and a pump for supplying the high-concentration brine in the brine tank to the ballast water treatment machine when the outboard water is injected into the ballast tank as ballast water.

The ballast water treatment method of the present invention includes a step of electrolyzing and purifying ballast water injected into a ballast tank by a ballast water treatment device, a step of producing fresh water from seawater with a fresh water generator, and a step of producing fresh water with the fresh water generator. A step of storing the high-concentration brine produced when the brine is generated in a brine tank, and a step of supplying the high-concentration brine to the brine tank to the ballast water treatment machine when the outboard water is injected into the ballast tank as ballast water.

The ship of the present invention includes a hull provided with a ballast water treatment device for electrolyzing and purifying ballast water injected into a ballast tank, a fresh water generator installed on the hull to produce fresh water from seawater, and a fresh water generator installed on the hull as the fresh water generator A brine tank that collects and stores the high-concentration brine generated when producing fresh water, a brine supply pipe installed on the hull and supplying the high-concentration brine from the brine tank to the ballast water treatment machine, and installed on the hull to supply outboard water A water intake pipe for supplying the ballast water treatment unit, and a pump installed on the hull to supply high-concentration brine in the brine tank to the ballast water treatment unit when the outboard water is injected into the ballast tank as ballast water.

The high-concentration brine generated when fresh water used in a ship is manufactured by a freshwater generator is collected and stored in a brine tank without being discarded. By the disinfectant obtained by decomposition, the ballast water is purified and injected into the ballast tank. In this way, since the amount of the high-concentration salt water stored as the seed seawater is reduced compared to the case of storing the seawater, the effect on the cargo loading capacity of the vessel can be minimized. In addition, there is no need to input salt to electrolyze outboard water having a low salt concentration or not including salt in brackish water, and the outboard water can be efficiently purified and injected into the ballast tank.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the ship in which the ballast water treatment system which is one Embodiment was installed.
2 is a system configuration diagram showing the ballast water treatment system shown in FIG.
3 is a block diagram showing a control circuit of the ballast water treatment system.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiment of this invention is described in detail based on drawing. 1 : has shown the ship 10, such as a crude oil tanker, and the some ballast tank 11 is equipped in the hull 10a of the ship 10. As shown in FIG. According to the cargo loading of the ship (10), water taken out of the ship is used as ballast water, and this is injected or drained into the ballast tank (11). ) and the draft difference of the stern (船尾) is adjusted. In FIG. 1, only three ballast tanks 11 on the bow side are shown for convenience.

A ballast water treatment machine 12 is installed in the ship 10 . A water intake pipe 15 is connected between the ballast water inlet 13 of the ballast water treatment machine 12 and the water intake 14 installed on the hull, and the outboard water flowing in from the water intake 14 is a ballast water treatment machine 12 is supplied to A filter may be provided in the water intake pipe 15 to remove foreign substances and the like in the outboard water supplied to the ballast water treatment machine 12 . As the ballast water treatment machine 12, the total amount electrolysis type for electrolyzing all of the brine injected into the ballast tank, the side-stream electrolysis type for electrolyzing only a part of the brine injected into the ballast tank and quantitatively injecting it into the ballast water, etc. It can be applied by sterilization by electrolysis.

A fresh water generator 16 is installed in the ship 10 , and a water intake pipe 19 is connected between the water intake port 17 provided in the ship body and the seawater injection port 18 of the fresh water generator 16 . Fresh water is made by the fresh water generator 16 from seawater brought from the outboard, and is used as clean water for chores, drinking water, and boiler water. Clean water for daily chores is used for washing and toilet water, and boiler water is used for heating steam and turbine driving. The fresh water generator 16 heats and boils seawater to make fresh water from seawater, and cools and collects the steam.

The fresh water produced by the fresh water generator 16 is supplied to the tank 21 through the fresh water supply pipe 24 , is stored, and is sent to the point of use by the pipe 25 when necessary.

When fresh water is made from seawater by the fresh water generator 16, high-concentration brine having a higher salt concentration than seawater is produced incidentally. Without discarding the high concentration brine, the high concentration brine is recovered and stored in the brine tank 26 . A brine recovery pipe 31 is connected between the brine outlet 27 of the fresh water generator 16 and the brine inlet 28 of the brine tank 26 to supply high-concentration brine to the brine tank 26 . . In addition, instead of the salt water tank 26, you may make it use a part of the ballast tank 11 as a salt water tank.

As shown in FIG. 2 , a pump 32 is installed in the brine recovery pipe 31 to supply the high-concentration brine produced by the fresh water generator 16 to the brine tank 26 . A three-way valve 33 is installed on the downstream side of the pump 32, and when there is no plan to call in a brackish water area or the like, or when a required amount of high-concentration brine is stored in the brine tank 26, the fresh water generator 16 The high-concentration brine produced by this is discharged to the overboard through the discharge pipe (33a).

A bypass pipe 40 is provided between the three-way valve 34 for bypass provided in the salt water recovery pipe 31 and the salt water recovery pipe 31 on the downstream side of the three-way valve 34, and a fresh water generator In order to further increase the concentration of the high-concentration brine discharged from (16), the bypass pipe (40) is provided with a concentrator (35). The check valve 36 is provided in the bypass pipe 40 , and the position where the check valve 36 is installed is downstream of the concentrator 35 . The check valve 36 prevents backflow of the high concentration brine from the brine recovery pipe 31 to the concentrator 35 .

As the concentrator 35, a structure similar to a reverse osmosis type fresh water generator can be used, but as the concentrator 35, an evaporation type similar to that of the fresh water generator 16 may be used. Moreover, you may make it use a reverse osmosis type thing as the freshener 16.

The high-concentration brine in the brine tank 26 is sent to the ballast water treatment machine 12 . A brine supply pipe 39 is connected between the brine discharge port 37 of the brine tank 26 and the brine supply port 38 of the ballast water treatment machine 12, and the high-concentration brine in the brine tank 26 is supplied with brine. It is injected into the ballast water treatment machine (12) through a pipe (39). A pump 41 for sending high-concentration brine to the ballast water treatment machine 12 from the inside of the brine tank 26 and a filter 42 for purifying the sent high-concentration brine are provided in the brine supply pipe 39 .

The ballast water treatment machine 12 has an electrolysis unit not shown, and the electrolysis unit electrolyzes the high-concentration brine supplied from the brine tank 26 . When high-concentration brine is electrolyzed, sodium chloride and water, which are the main components of brine, are decomposed into chlorine, sodium hydroxide, and hydrogen, respectively, and chlorine and sodium hydroxide are chemically reacted to form sodium hypochlorite. Sodium hypochlorite is injected as a disinfectant into the treatment flow path connected between the ballast water inlet 13 and the ballast water inlet 43 of the ballast water treatment machine 12 .

By doing in this way, a disinfectant is injected into the ballast water which flows in from the water intake port 14 and is supplied to the ballast water treatment machine 12 through the water intake pipe 15, and the ballast water is purified. The purified ballast water is injected into the ballast tank 11 by the ballast water injection pipe 44 connected to the ballast water inlet 43 . Each ballast tank 11 is supplied with a predetermined amount of ballast water. In order to discharge the ballast water in the ballast tank 11 overboard, a discharge port (not shown) is provided in the ballast tank 11 .

A flow rate regulator 45 is provided in the salt water supply pipe 39 , and an injection pipe 46 connected to the water intake port 14 is connected to the flow rate regulator 45 . The flow rate regulator 45 adjusts the mixing ratio of the high-concentration brine supplied to the ballast water treatment machine 12 from the inside of the salt water tank 26 and the outboard water supplied to the ballast water treatment machine 12 through the injection pipe 46 . Adjust. By doing in this way, the flow volume and density|concentration of the high-concentration salt water supplied from the salt water supply piping 39 to the ballast water treatment machine 12 can be adjusted. In addition, you may make it inject|pour outboard water into the injection pipe 46 from an intake port different from the intake port 14 .

A first flow rate sensor 47 for detecting the flow rate of the ballast water supplied to the ballast water treatment machine 12 through the water intake pipe 15, a first concentration sensor 48 for detecting the salt concentration, and temperature A first temperature sensor 49 is provided in the water intake pipe 15 . On the other hand, the second flow rate sensor 51 for detecting the flow rate of the high-concentration brine supplied to the ballast water treatment machine 12 through the brine supply pipe 39, the second concentration sensor 52 for detecting the salt concentration, and the temperature A second temperature sensor 53 for detecting is installed in the salt water supply pipe 39 .

3 is a block diagram showing a control circuit of the ballast water treatment system. The above-mentioned ballast water treatment system has a controller 54 , and the operation of the equipment constituting the ballast water treatment system is controlled by the controller 54 . The operation board 55 is connected to the controller 54, and the key etc. provided in the operation board 55 are operated to start and control conditions of the ballast water treatment system are set. In addition, the controller 54 can also control the energization of the electrodes of the electrolysis unit installed in the ballast water treatment machine 12 .

Detection signals from the flow rate sensors 47 and 51, the concentration sensors 48 and 52, and the temperature sensors 49 and 53 shown in Fig. 2 are sent to the controller 54 as a control means. The pump 41 and the flow regulator 45 are controlled by a controller 54 . The flow rate regulator 45 is injected into the salt water supply pipe 39 through the injection pipe 46 according to the flow rate of outboard water such as seawater or brackish water supplied to the ballast water treatment machine 12 by the water intake pipe 15 . The mixing ratio of the outboard water to be used and the high-concentration salt water discharged from the salt water tank 26 is adjusted. By doing so, the concentration and flow rate of the high-concentration brine supplied to the ballast water treatment machine 12 are controlled.

The flow rate, salinity and temperature of the outboard water supplied to the ballast water treatment machine 12 by the water intake pipe 15, and the flow rate, salinity and Based on the temperature, the flow rate of the high concentration brine discharged from the brine tank 26 by the pump 41 may be controlled.

Next, the ballast water treatment method of the ship equipped with the ballast water treatment system demonstrated above is demonstrated.

While the ship 10 is sailing in the sea water, the fresh water generator 16 is driven to produce fresh water from the sea water. From the fresh water produced by the manufacturing process, clear water for daily use, drinking water and boiler water are prepared and stored in tanks, respectively. The high-concentration brine produced when fresh water is produced from seawater is sent to the brine tank 26 by the pump 32 . All or part of the high-concentration brine before being sent to the brine tank 26 is sent to the concentrator 35 through the bypass pipe 40, and the concentration of the high-concentration brine sent to the brine tank 26 is further increased by the concentration process good. In this way, the high-concentration brine is stored in the brine tank 26 through the storage process.

When a ship injects ballast water into the ballast tank 11 in brackish water or fresh water, outboard water with a low salinity, such as brackish water, received from the intake 14 is transmitted through the intake pipe 15 to the ballast water treatment machine 12 ), the high-concentration brine stored in the brine tank 26 is sent to the ballast water treatment machine 12 . When the sent high-concentration brine is electrolyzed by the electrolysis unit installed in the ballast water treatment machine 12, it is used as seed seawater, and a disinfectant is produced|generated. In this way, the outboard water of a brackish water area or a fresh water area is purified by the produced|generated disinfectant|microbicide, and is supplied to the ballast tank 11 through a purification treatment process.

In order to purify the ballast water by the total amount electrolysis type ballast water treatment machine 12, the outboard water received by the water intake pipe 15 and the high concentration brine are mixed and supplied to the electrolysis unit. In this total amount electrolysis type ballast water treatment machine 12, by connecting the salt water supply pipe 39 to the water intake pipe 15, the mixed water in which the outboard water was mixed with the high concentration salt water in advance is supplied to the ballast water treatment machine 12. In this form, the high-concentration salt water is supplied to the ballast water treatment machine 12 through the water intake pipe 15 . On the other hand, in order to purify the ballast water by the side-flow electrolysis type ballast water treatment machine 12, high-concentration brine is supplied to the electrolysis unit in the ballast water treatment machine 12 to generate a disinfectant, and the water intake pipe 15 Disinfectant is injected into the received outboard water.

The amount of high-concentration brine supplied from the brine tank 26 to the ballast water treatment machine 12 is the pre-treatment ballast water supplied to the ballast water treatment machine 12 through the water intake pipe 15, that is, outboard water in brackish water or fresh water area. Based on the flow rate, it is calculated in the controller 54 . When there is a difference between the flow rate of the high-concentration salt water obtained by the flow rate sensor 51 and the calculation result, the controller 54 controls the pump 41 and the flow rate regulator 45 according to the difference.

When the total amount of the ballast water treatment machine 12 is electrolysis type, the temperature and salinity of each of the ballast water and high concentration brine supplied to the ballast water treatment machine 12 again are measured by the temperature sensors 49 and 53, and the concentration sensors 48 and 52. , and taking these detection results into account, the amount of high-concentration salt water can be obtained more precisely, and the ballast water treatment machine 12 can efficiently purify the outboard water in the brackish water area and the fresh water area.

When the ballast water treatment device 12 is a side-flow electrolysis type, by adding the detected values of the temperature and salinity concentration of the high-concentration brine supplied to the ballast water treatment device 12, the amount of the high-concentration brine can be obtained with higher precision. In addition, by controlling the flow rate regulator 45 , the amount of outboard water injected from the injection pipe 46 to the brine supply pipe 39 is adjusted, so that the high-concentration salt water and the outboard water injected from the injection pipe 46 are mixed. ratio is adjusted. By doing in this way, it is possible to supply brine with a salt concentration in which the electrolysis unit operates efficiently to the ballast water treatment machine 12 .

In this way, the high-concentration brine generated when the water used in the ship is produced by the freshwater generator 16 is recovered and stored in the brine tank 26 without discarding, and the outboard water of the brackish water area and the fresh water area is ballasted. When using as water, the ballast water is purified and injected into the ballast tank 11 with the disinfectant obtained by electrolyzing the stored high-concentration salt water. By doing so, when outboard water such as brackish water is used as ballast water, a small amount of high-concentration salt water is stored compared to the case where seawater is stored in a tank as seed seawater in advance, thereby increasing cargo loading.

In addition, in order to use water with a low salt concentration such as brackish water as ballast water, it is not necessary to store a large amount of salt to inject into the ballast water injected into the electrolysis unit, and the purification treatment of the ballast water can be performed efficiently. .

When the outboard water is injected into the ballast tank 11 in sea water, the outboard water taken in by the intake pipe 15, that is, seawater, is supplied to the ballast water treatment machine 12 without using high-concentration salt water, and the electrolysis unit By electrolyzing seawater, it is possible to produce a disinfectant. However, also when electrolyzing seawater, you may make it supply high concentration salt water to the ballast water treatment machine 12.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, without installing the injection pipe 46, a certain amount of high-concentration brine is discharged from the brine tank 26 to the ballast water treatment machine 12, and a pump is installed in the water intake pipe 15 to You may make it adjust the flow volume of the outboard water supplied to the ballast water treatment machine 12 by this.

The present invention is applied to treat ballast water for stabilizing hulls in ships such as crude oil tankers.

Claims (9)

A ballast water treatment machine that electrolyzes and purifies the ballast water injected into the ballast tank;
A fresh water generator that produces fresh water from seawater,
A brine tank for recovering and storing high-concentration brine generated when fresh water is produced with the fresh water generator;
A brine supply pipe for supplying the high-concentration brine in the brine tank to the ballast water treatment machine;
an intake pipe for supplying outboard water to the ballast water treatment device; and
A pump for supplying the high-concentration brine in the brine tank to the ballast water treatment system when the outboard water is injected into the ballast tank as ballast water. The method according to claim 1,
A bypass pipe is installed in the brine recovery pipe connecting the brine outlet of the fresh water generator and the brine inlet of the brine tank, and a concentrator that increases the salinity of the high-concentration brine discharged from the brine outlet is installed in the bypass pipe, ballast water treatment system. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
an injection pipe for injecting outboard water into the brine supply pipe; and
A flow control device for adjusting the flow rate of the outboard water injected into the brine supply pipe through the injection pipe; and
The ballast water treatment system which adjusts the concentration of the high-concentration brine supplied to the ballast water treatment machine from the brine supply pipe by outboard water. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A flow rate sensor for detecting a flow rate of outboard water supplied to the ballast water treatment unit by the water intake pipe, and
Based on the flow rate of the outboard water detected by the flow rate sensor, control means for controlling the flow rate of the high concentration brine supplied from the brine tank to the ballast water treatment system; provided, the ballast water treatment system. 5. The method of claim 4,
an injection pipe for injecting outboard water into the brine supply pipe; and
and a flow rate regulator for adjusting the flow rate of the outboard water injected into the brine supply pipe by the injection pipe;
The control means controls the flow rate regulator based on the flow rate of the outboard water supplied to the ballast water treatment unit and the salinity concentration of the high concentration brine, and the high concentration discharged from the brine supply pipe and the outboard water supplied to the brine supply pipe A ballast water treatment system that adjusts the mixing ratio of brine. The process of electrolyzing and purifying the ballast water injected into the ballast tank by the ballast water treatment machine,
The process of producing fresh water from seawater by a freshwater generator,
A process of storing in a brine tank the high-concentration brine produced when fresh water is prepared by the fresh water generator, and
When the outboard water is injected into the ballast tank as ballast water, the step of supplying the high-concentration brine in the brine tank to the ballast water treatment machine; ballast water treatment method comprising a. 7. The method of claim 6,
and a step of increasing the salinity concentration of the high-concentration brine supplied from the fresh water generator to the brine tank by means of a concentrator. 8. The method according to claim 6 or 7,
The ballast water treatment method which has the process of injecting outboard water into the high-concentration brine supplied from the said brine tank to the said ballast water treatment machine, and adjusting the flow volume of the outboard water injected into the high-concentration brine by a flow rate regulator. A hull equipped with a ballast water treatment device that electrolyzes and purifies the ballast water injected into the ballast tank;
A fresh water generator installed on the hull to produce fresh water from seawater,
A salt water tank installed on the hull to collect and store high-concentration salt water generated when fresh water is produced by the fresh water generator;
A brine supply pipe that is installed on the hull and supplies the high-concentration brine in the brine tank to the ballast water treatment machine;
A water intake pipe installed on the hull and supplying outboard water to the ballast water treatment machine, and
A pump installed in the hull and supplying the high-concentration brine in the brine tank to the ballast water treatment machine when the outboard water is injected into the ballast tank as ballast water.

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