KR102260200B1 - Ballast Water Filter Bypass Control Methods for Ships - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a ballast water filter bypass system for bypassing ballast water used for the purpose of maintaining the balance of a ship's hull, and in particular, by allowing ballast water to bypass the filter according to operating conditions, the filter is protected It is configured to prevent problems that may occur when not bypassed.
The present invention for achieving the above object is a ballast water pump for pressurizing the ballast water; a filter for removing impurities by filtering the ballast water flowing into the ballast water tank from the ballast water pump; a seawater supply pump for sucking seawater and transferring it to the electrolyzer; an electrolyzer for generating sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or hypochlorous acid (HOCl) for use for sterilization by electrolyzing the seawater supplied from the seawater supply pump and injecting it into the ballast water flowing into the ballast water tank; A ballast water filter bypass system equipped with a neutralizer that neutralizes ballast water in the case of transferring ballast water stored in the ballast water tank outboard and discharging it to the sea, comprising: a turbidity sensor mounted on an inlet pipe extending from the ballast water pump to the filter; , the backwashing device for backwashing the filter, the first valve mounted on the inlet pipe extending from the ballast water pump to the filter, and the second valve mounted on the drain pipe extending from the purter to the ballast water tank, connect the inlet pipe and the drain pipe It is a technical feature to include a control unit for controlling the opening and closing of the third valve mounted on the bypass pipe, and in addition to the above object, the ballast water filter bypass system and control method of the ship according to the present invention for achieving the above object is The first step of comparing whether the number of backwashing to remove the filtered suspended matter exceeds the backwashing setpoint, and comparing whether the pressure difference between the pressure of the ballast water flowing into the filter and the parallel water draining from the filter exceeds the setpoint The second step of comparing the turbidity of the seawater flowing into the filter, the third step of comparing whether the measured value of the turbidity exceeds the turbidity set value, and the third step of comparing whether the operating distance of the vessel from the departure point to the destination exceeds the operating distance set value Step 4, Step 5 of recognizing through GPS whether the ship is located in the set sea area, and either the first to fourth steps fail to exceed the set value in any one of the steps, or the ship is located outside the sea area set in Step 5. When it is recognized as being located, the step of filtering the ballast water and filling the ballast water tank, and exceeding the set value in any one of steps 1 to 4, or the ship is recognized as being located in the sea area set in step 5. In this case, it is technically characterized to include the step of filling the ballast tank with ballast water bypassing the filter.

Description

Ballast Water Filter Bypass Control Methods for Ships

The present invention relates to a ballast water filter bypass system for bypassing ballast water used for the purpose of maintaining the balance of a ship's hull, and in particular, by allowing ballast water to bypass the filter according to operating conditions, the filter is protected It is configured to prevent problems that may occur when not bypassed.

In general, when a ship is operated, ballast water is stored in the ship's ballast tank to maintain the balance of the hull, and depending on the loading conditions of the cargo, the ballast water is filled in the ballast tank or the ballast water is discharged. do.

In addition, since ships navigate the ocean and sail to destinations in various countries, there is a risk of contaminating the ocean by microorganisms contained in the corresponding ballast water.

In order to prevent marine contamination by ballast water as described above, when the ballast water tank of a ship is filled with ballast water, sodium hypochlorite or hypochlorous acid generated by electrolysis of seawater is supplied to the ballast water tank together with the ballast water to provide the ballast water. In the case of sterilizing water and discharging ballast water from the ballast water tank to the sea, the ballast water is neutralized and discharged, thereby preventing marine pollution caused by ballast water.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a ballast water treatment system according to the prior art, Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing another ballast water treatment system according to the prior art.

The conventional ballast water treatment system, as illustrated in FIG. 1 , a seawater inlet 10 , a ballast water pump 11 , a filter 12 , a seawater supply pump 13 , an electrolyzer 14 , a ballast water tank (15), a neutralizer 16, and a plurality of valves V1 to V3 are provided.

The ballast water pump 11 sucks the seawater from the seawater inlet 10 for use as ballast water and transfers it to the filter 12 , and the filter 12 is transferred from the ballast water pump 11 to the ballast water tank 15 . The ballast water flowing into the water is filtered, but impurities contained in the ballast water are removed. Meanwhile, not only seawater but also brackish water and fresh water may be introduced into the ballast water pump.

The seawater supply pump 13 sucks the seawater from the seawater inlet 10 for sterilization and transfers it to the electrolyzer 14 . The electrolyzer 14 electrolyzes the seawater supplied from the seawater supply pump 13, but using sodium chloride (NaCl) in the seawater as an electrolyte to sterilize bacteria and plankton in seawater sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or hypochlorous acid (HOCl) ) and injecting sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or hypochlorous acid (HOCl) into the ballast water flowing into the ballast water tank 15 via the filter 12, to the ballast water in the ballast water tank 15 Sterilizes contained bacteria and plankton.

In addition, when the ballast water stored in the ballast water tank 15 is transferred outboard and discharged to the sea, the ballast water is neutralized by the neutralizer 16 and discharged. It is pressurized through the water pump 11 and discharged outboard by bypassing the filter 12 through the valve V3.

In addition, the valves V1 to V3 switch the use of the filter 12, and when the ballast water is filled in the ballast water tank 15, the valve V3 is closed and the valves V1 and V2 are opened. After the ballast water flowing in in the state is passed through the filter 12 and filtered, it is transferred to and stored in the ballast water tank 15, and when the ballast water filled in the ballast water tank 15 is discharged to the outside of the ship, the valve With the valve (V1, V2) closed while (V3) is opened, the ballast water in the ballast water tank (15) bypasses the filter (12) and discharges to the outboard side.

On the other hand, in the ballast water treatment system shown in FIG. 1, when the seawater supply pump 13 is installed in the engine room area and the electrolyzer 14 is installed in the engine casing area or the deck area, the lift of the seawater supply pump 13 is Since the loss occurs, the amount of seawater supplied from the seawater supply pump 13 to the electrolyzer 14 becomes insufficient, so sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) that is electrolyzed by the electrolyzer 14 and put into ballast water Alternatively, in order to sufficiently input the amount of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) to correspond to the amount of ballast water supplied to the ballast water tank 15, it is necessary to install the seawater supply pump 13 with a high head, so that the installation of the seawater supply pump 13 There is a problem in that the cost and size increase, thereby lowering economic efficiency.

In order to solve this problem, the ballast water treatment system described in Korean Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2016-0101597 (published on August 25, 2016) is a ballast water pump that pressurizes ballast water as shown in FIG. 2 . (31), a filter (32) for removing impurities by filtering the ballast water flowing into the ballast water tank (35) from the ballast water pump (31), and sucking the seawater from the ballast water pump (31). Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or hypochlorous acid (HOCl) for electrolyzing the seawater supply pump 33 transferred to the electrolyzer 34 and the seawater supplied from the seawater supply pump 33 for sterilization. The electrolyzer 34 is generated and injected into the ballast water flowing into the ballast water tank 35, and the ballast water stored in the ballast water tank 35 is transferred outboard and discharged to the sea to neutralize the ballast water. It is characterized in that it includes a neutralizer (36).

The ballast water treatment system having such a structure is generated by electrolyzing the seawater introduced by the seawater supply pump 33 by the electrolyzer 34 when supplying and storing ballast water to the ballast water tank 35 of the ship. In the case of sterilizing the ballast water by supplying sodium hypochlorite or hypochlorous acid to the ballast water tank 35 together with the ballast water, it effectively sterilizes even if the seawater supply pump 33 of a low head is used, so the seawater supply pump 33 ) can reduce the installation cost and size, thereby improving economic efficiency.

The ballast water treatment system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 filters the seawater introduced through the seawater inlet 30 through the filter 32 and fills the ballast water tank 35, and the ballast water tank 35 is filled with the ballast water. When the water is drained overboard, the filter 32 is bypassed and the water is drained overboard.

However, when a ship operates in a high turbidity sea area with high turbidity, the high turbidity seawater passes through the filter and a large amount of suspended matter contained in the seawater is filtered through the filter, and as the amount of filtered seawater increases, the filter function is rapidly reduced.

In order to prevent such a decrease in the filter function, a backwash device is typically installed in the ballast water treatment system of a ship, and the seawater is supplied in the reverse direction of the flow direction of the seawater to remove the suspended matter filtered by the filter. However, since the backwashing process takes a considerable amount of time and there are difficulties in the generation and treatment of suspended solids generated in the process, it is desirable not to perform the backwashing process during operation as much as possible.

In addition, depending on the size of the microorganisms passing through the filter, the loading time required to maintain active substances such as anti-salt inside the ballast water varies. In case of operating a long enough distance, the loading time of the ballast water is sufficiently secured. It is preferable not to use it.

A system and a control method for solving or preventing the problems caused by the filtering process of seawater have not been developed in the prior art, but as the sea area of high turbidity gradually increases and the number of times it operates increases, it is possible to solve the problems caused by the filter. There is a need for a system and method for

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2016-0101597 (published date; 2016.08.25.)

The present invention was invented to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and by filtering or bypassing the ballast water with a filter according to the conditions of the sea area or sea water in which the ship operates, the number of times of use of the filter can be minimized. An object of the present invention is to provide a ballast water filter bypass system and a control method for a ship.

The present invention for achieving the above object is a ballast water pump for pressurizing the ballast water; a filter for removing impurities by filtering the ballast water flowing into the ballast water tank from the ballast water pump; a seawater supply pump for sucking seawater and transferring it to the electrolyzer; an electrolyzer for generating sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or hypochlorous acid (HOCl) for use for sterilization by electrolyzing the seawater supplied from the seawater supply pump and injecting it into the ballast water flowing into the ballast water tank; A ballast water filter bypass system equipped with a neutralizer for neutralizing ballast water in the case of transferring ballast water stored in a ballast water tank outboard and discharging it to the sea, comprising: , the backwashing device for backwashing the filter, the first valve mounted on the inlet pipe extending from the ballast water pump to the filter, and the second valve mounted on the drain pipe extending from the purter to the ballast water tank, connect the inlet pipe and the drain pipe It is technically characterized in that it includes a control unit for controlling the opening and closing of the third valve mounted on the bypass pipe.

In addition, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inlet pipe and the drain pipe are equipped with a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure of the ballast water.

A ballast water filter bypass system and control method for a ship according to the present invention for achieving the above object includes a first step of comparing whether the number of backwashing for removing suspended solids filtered in the filter exceeds a backwashing set value; The second step of comparing whether the pressure difference between the pressure of the ballast water flowing into the filter and the pressure difference of the parallel water draining from the filter exceeds the set pressure, and whether the measured value of the turbidity of the seawater flowing into the filter exceeds the set value a third step, a fourth step of comparing whether the operating distance of the vessel from the departure point to the destination exceeds a set operating distance, a fifth step of recognizing whether the vessel is located in a set sea area through GPS, the first If the set value is not exceeded in any one of the steps to the fourth step or when it is recognized that the ship is located outside the sea area set in the fifth step, filtering the ballast water and filling the ballast water tank; It is characterized in that it includes a step of filling the ballast tank with ballast water bypassing the filter when it is recognized that the ship is located in the sea area set in step 5 or exceeds the set value in one or more steps of step 4.

As described above, the ballast water filter bypass system and control method of a ship according to the present invention bypasses the filter when the turbidity of the seawater flowing in for use as ballast water is high or the suspended matter filtered in the filter is excessive, can improve the durability of

In addition, the ballast water filter bypass system and control method of a ship according to the present invention can perform ballasting by filling the ballast water tank with ballast water even when the filter is blocked by floating substances, so that it can flexibly cope with the operation of the ship. There are advantages.

1 is a conceptual diagram showing a ballast water treatment system according to the prior art,
2 is a conceptual diagram showing another ballast water treatment system according to the prior art.
3 is a conceptual diagram showing a ballast water filter bypass system according to the present invention;
4 is a flowchart illustrating a ballast water treatment control method according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a ballast water filter bypass system and control method for a ship according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a ballast water filter bypass system according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a ballast water treatment control method according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the seawater inlet 30 , the ballast water pump 31 , the filter 32 , the seawater supply pump 33 , the electrolyzer 34 , the ballast water tank 35 , the neutralizer 36 . and a plurality of valves V11, V12, and V13.

The ballast water pump 31 sucks in order to supply seawater or brackish water and fresh water from the seawater inlet 30 as ballast water. The filter 32 filters the ballast water flowing into the ballast water tank 35 from the ballast water pump 31 and removes impurities contained in the ballast water.

And the seawater supply pump 33 sucks the seawater from the ballast water pump 31 for sterilization and transfers it to the electrolyzer 34 . The electrolyzer 34 electrolyzes the seawater supplied from the seawater supply pump 33, but using sodium chloride (NaCl) in the seawater as an electrolyte to sterilize bacteria and plankton in seawater sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or hypochlorous acid (HOCl) ) and injecting sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or hypochlorous acid (HOCl) into the ballast water flowing into the ballast water tank 35 via the filter 32, to the ballast water in the ballast water tank 35. Sterilizes contained bacteria and plankton.

In addition, when the ballast water stored in the ballast water tank 35 is transferred to the seawater inlet 30 side and discharged to the sea, the ballast water is neutralized by the neutralizer 36 and discharged, which is neutralized by the neutralizer 36 . The cooled ballast water is pressurized through the ballast water pump 31, bypasses the filter 32 through the valve V13, and is discharged outboard.

In addition, the valves V11 to V13 switch the use of the filter 32, and when the ballast water is filled in the ballast water tank 35, the third valve V13 is closed and the first valve V11 and After the ballast water flowing in with the second valve (V12) opened is filtered through the filter 32, it is transferred to the ballast water tank 35 for storage, and the ballast water filled in the ballast water tank 35 is filtered. In the case of discharging water outboard, the ballast water in the ballast water tank 35 is filtered through the filter 32 while the valve V13 is opened and the first valve V11 and the second valve V12 are closed. Turn around and discharge outboard. Since the ballast water filled in the ballast water tank 35 is already filtered by the filter 32 , when the ballast water in the ballast water tank 35 is discharged outboard, it is not necessary to pass the filter 32 .

As described above, the valves V11, V12, and V13 are opened and closed so that the ballast water is filled in the ballast water tank 35 by the operation of the ballast water pump 31, or, conversely, draining the ballast water in a swirling circuit from the ballast water tank 35 To open and close the valves V11, V12, and V13, the opening and closing of the valves V11, V12, and V13 is controlled by the control unit 110.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 , the inlet pipe 101 extending from the ballast water pump 31 to the filter 32 is equipped with a first valve V11, and from the filter 32 to the ballast water tank ( A second valve (V12) is mounted on the drain pipe (102) extending to 35), and the inlet pipe (101) in front of the first valve (V11) and the drain pipe (102) behind the second valve (V12) are connected to balance It includes a bypass pipe 103 for bypassing water, and a third valve V13 is mounted on the bypass pipe 103 .

In addition, a pressure gauge is mounted on the first valve V11 and the second valve V12 to measure the pressure of the ballast water passing through the valves V11 and V12 and transmit the measured pressure value to the controller 110 .

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3 , the control unit 110 receives information from the device described below and opens and closes the valves V11 , V12 , and V13 according to the transmitted information to the ballast water filter 32 . control to pass or bypass.

Information received by the control unit 110 is as follows.

1. Information on the number of times of backwashing of the filter 32 from the backwashing device 40 for backwashing the filter 32 .

2. The pressure of the ballast water flowing into the filter 32 (P _in ) and the pressure of the ballast water discharged from the filter (P _out ) information.

3. Turbidity value information of the operating sea area measured by the turbidity sensor 101.

4. Distance information of the ship's origin and destination.

5. GPS (global positioning system) (130) through the current position information of the vessel.

When five pieces of information are transmitted to the control unit 110 in this way, the control unit 110 compares the set values for each information and, if any one condition is satisfied, the ballast water bypasses the filter 32 without passing through the ballast water tank The opening and closing of the first valve (V11) to the third valve (V13) are controlled so as to be filled in (35).

In the case of the number of backwashing information transmitted to the control unit 110 , when the number of backwashing exceeds the set value ( S10 ), it means that the ballast water flowing into the filter contains excessively suspended substances.

When filtering the highly turbid seawater containing a large amount of suspended matter with a filter as described above, the filter should be frequently backwashed through the backwashing device 40 . In this case, the backwashing process takes a considerable amount of time, and as the filling time of the ballast water tank 35 is taken for a long time, the ballast water is passed through the bypass pipe 103 to avoid the filter 32, so that the The filling time can be shortened.

Even in this case, the ballast water filled in the ballast water tank 35 can be sterilized by injecting sodium hypochlorite or hypochlorous acid produced by electrolysis into the ballast water tank 35 .

_{In addition, by calculating the difference between the pressure (P in} ) of the ballast water flowing into the filter 32 and the pressure (P _out ) of the ballast water draining from the filter 32 among the five pieces of information transmitted to the control unit 110 , the filter ( 32) calculate the pressure acting on it. When the calculated pressure, that is, the pressure acting on the filter 32 exceeds the set value (S20), it means that an excessive amount of suspended matter has been filtered out in the filter 32, and the control unit 110 controls the first valve V11 to By controlling the opening and closing of the third valve V13 so that the ballast water bypasses the filter 32 through the bypass pipe 103, overload of the filter 32 is prevented and the filling time of the ballast water tank 35 is shortened. can do.

In addition, the turbidity of the ballast water is measured through the turbidity sensor 120 installed in front of the filter 32 , and the measured value is transmitted to the control unit 110 . The control unit 110 compares the measured value with the set value, and when the measured value is greater than or equal to the set value (S30), the ballast water bypasses the filter 32 through the bypass pipe 103 and fills the ballast water tank 35 with the first valve ( V11) to control the opening and closing of the third valve (V13).

On the other hand, when the distance is greater than the set value through the sailing distance information of the ship's departure and destination (S40), the ballast water bypasses the filter through the bypass pipe 103 to fill the ballast water tank 35 through the first valve (V11) to The opening and closing of the third valve V13 is controlled. This is because, when the flight distance is greater than the set value, the flight takes a long time, so sufficient time can be secured to sterilize the ballast water by injecting sodium hypochlorite or hypochlorous acid into the ballast water tank as described above.

In addition, among the five pieces of information transmitted to the control unit 110, the position information in which the vessel currently operates through the GPS 130, and the turbidity information of the sea area in which the vessel is currently operating, is based on the turbidity of the ballast water transmitted before the filtering of the ballast water. This is to avoid flowing the ballast water to the bypass pipe (103).

In the state where the turbidity of each sea area around the world is stored, the area where the ship operates is checked through the GPS 130, and when the sea area in operation is a sea area set to high turbidity (S50), the ballast water tank (35) bypasses the filter (S50). ) is filled with ballast water.

In this way, the control unit 110 receives five pieces of information, and when the number of backwashing times, operation distance, pressure measurement, and measured turbidity value exceed the set value, the turbidity of the sea area currently operated through GPS is set to high turbidity. When entering the sea area, the first valve (V11) and the second valve (V12) are closed, the third valve (V13) is opened (S62), and the ballast water pump (31) is operated (S70) to pump the ballast water Bypass the filter so that the ballast water supplied through (31) is filled in the ballast water tank (35) through the bypass pipe (103).

If the number of backwashing times, operation distance, pressure measurement and measured turbidity value are below the set value, or if the turbidity of the sea area currently operated through GPS is located outside the sea area set as high turbidity, the first valve (V11) and the second valve The valve V12 is opened, the third valve V13 is closed (S61), the ballast water pump 31 is operated (S70), and the ballast water supplied through the ballast water pump 31 passes through the filter 32 After that, the ballast water tank (35) is filled.

As described above, when the turbidity of the seawater flowing in for use as ballast water is high or the suspended matter filtered by the filter 32 is excessive, the filter 32 is bypassed, thereby improving the durability of the filter 32 . In addition, even in a state in which the filter 32 is clogged by floating substances, ballast water can be filled in the ballast water tank 35 to perform ballasting, which has the advantage of being able to flexibly cope with the operation of a ship.

30; sea water inlet
31; ballast water pump
32; filter
33; sea water supply pump
34; electrolyzer
35; ballast tank
36; heavy weapon
V11, V12, V13; valve
101: inlet pipe
102: drain pipe
103: bypass pipe
110: control unit
120: turbidity sensor
130: GPS

Claims (3)

delete delete A first step of comparing whether the number of backwashing to remove suspended solids filtered out of the filter exceeds a setpoint for backwashing;
A second step of comparing whether the pressure difference between the pressure of the ballast water flowing into the filter and the ballast water discharged from the filter exceeds a pressure set value;
A third step of comparing whether the measured value of the turbidity of the seawater flowing into the filter exceeds the turbidity set value;
A fourth step of comparing whether the operating distance of the vessel from the departure point to the destination exceeds the operating distance set value;
A fifth step of recognizing through GPS whether the ship is located in the set sea area;
Filtering the ballast water and filling the ballast water tank when it does not exceed the set value in any one of the first to fourth steps or when it is recognized that the ship is located outside the sea area set in the fifth step;
When it is recognized that the ship is located in the sea area set in the fifth step or exceeds the set value in any one or more steps of steps 1 to 4, the ballast water bypasses the filter and fills the ballast tank. Ballast water filter bypass control method of ships.

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