KR20210088542A - 분지형 중합체 - Google Patents
분지형 중합체 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20210088542A KR20210088542A KR1020217010952A KR20217010952A KR20210088542A KR 20210088542 A KR20210088542 A KR 20210088542A KR 1020217010952 A KR1020217010952 A KR 1020217010952A KR 20217010952 A KR20217010952 A KR 20217010952A KR 20210088542 A KR20210088542 A KR 20210088542A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- monomer
- residues
- multivinyl
- divinyl
- chain transfer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical group C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 299
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 36
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Abstract
Description
도 1 및 2는 본 발명의 일 구현예에 포함된 자유 라디칼 메커니즘을 나타내고;
도 3 및 4는 분지형 중합체의 모식도를 나타내고;
도 5는 중합 공정 동안 상이한 단계에서의 NMR 스펙트럼을 나타내고;
도 6은 디비닐 단량체로서 사용될 수 있는 일부 화합물의 예를 나타내며, 이 중 일부는 응답성 또는 분해성이고;
도 7은 사슬 이동제로서 사용될 수 있는 일부 화합물의 예를 나타내고;
도 8은, 생성물 내의 비닐 중합체 사슬 길이를 강조 표시하는, 분지형 중합체의 추가의 모식도를 나타내고;
도 9는 본 발명의 구현예에 따른 응답성 또는 분해성 중합체의 성분들의 질량 스펙트럼을 나타내고;
도 10은 도 9의 것과 비교되는 중합체 종의 질량 스펙트럼을 나타내고;
도 11 내지 15는 다른 시약 중에서 트리비닐 단량체를 사용하여 제조된 일부 분지형 중합체 생성물의 NMR 스펙트럼을 나타내고;
도 16은, 디비닐 단량체 및 본 발명의 중합체의 단편의 성분들의 일반적인 도식을 나타내고;
도 17은 염기성 물 중 응답성 생성물의 분해 후 존재하는 고분자량 종의 상대적인 양의 감소를 나타내고;
도 18 및 19는, 거대단량체이며 다수의 에스테르 절단 부위를 함유하는 디비닐 단량체의 예를 나타내고;
도 20은 분해성 거대단량체의 중합에 의해 제조될 수 있는 분해성 분지형 중합체 단편의 도식을 나타내고;
도 21은 분해성 거대단량체의 혼합물의 NMR 스펙트럼을 나타내고;
도 22는 분해성 분지형 중합체의 NMR 스펙트럼을 나타내고;
도 23은 분해성 분지형 중합체 및 분해성 거대단량체 전구체의 GPC 추적을 나타내고;
도 24는, 분해성 디비닐 단량체 및 에폭시-함유 모노비닐 단량체로부터 제조된 공중합체의 경화된 생성물의 사진을 나타낸다.
Claims (31)
- 응답성(responsive) 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체의 제조 방법으로서, 상기 제조 방법은 사슬 이동제(chain transfer agent)의 존재 하에 라디칼의 공급원을 사용하는 멀티비닐(multivinyl) 단량체의 자유 라디칼 중합을 포함하며, 여기서 전개(propagation)의 정도는 상기 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체의 겔화를 방지하도록 사슬 이동의 정도에 대해 제어되는, 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 멀티비닐 단량체가 디비닐 단량체인, 제조 방법.
- 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체의 제조 방법으로서, 상기 제조 방법은 사슬 이동제의 존재 하에 라디칼의 공급원을 사용하는 멀티비닐 단량체의 자유 라디칼 중합을 포함하며, 여기서 전개는, 평균 비닐 중합체 사슬이 1 내지 3개의 멀티비닐 단량체 잔기, 선택적으로(optionally) 1.2 내지 2개의 멀티비닐 단량체 잔기를 함유하는 다수의 비닐 중합체 사슬 세그먼트를 갖는 중합체를 달성하도록, 사슬 이동에 대해 제어되고;
선택적으로, 상기 멀티비닐 단량체는 디비닐 단량체이고, 상기 평균 비닐 중합체 사슬은 1 내지 3개의 디비닐 단량체 잔기, 선택적으로 1.8 내지 2개의 디비닐 단량체 잔기를 함유하는, 제조 방법. - 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 멀티비닐 단량체가 2개의 비닐 기 사이에 절단성 기(cleavable group)를 포함하는, 제조 방법.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 절단성 기가 에스테르인, 제조 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제5항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 멀티비닐 단량체가 중합성 비닐 기들 사이에 다수의 절단성 부위(cleavable site)를 포함하는, 제조 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 절단성 부위의 수가 5개 이상인, 제조 방법.
- 제6항 또는 제7항에 있어서, 상기 절단성 부위가 에스테르 연결기인, 제조 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제5항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 멀티비닐 단량체 또는 이의 부분(들)이 이타콘산으로부터 유래된, 제조 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제11항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체에서 포화 탄소-탄소 결합으로의 이중 결합 관능기의 전환율이 80% 이상, 선택적으로 95% 이상이고; 및/또는
상기 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체에서 포화 탄소-탄소 결합으로의 디비닐 관능기의 전환율이 80% 이상, 선택적으로 95% 이상이고; 및/또는
1 내지 10 몰당량, 선택적으로 1.3 내지 5 몰당량의 상기 사슬 이동제가 상기 멀티비닐 단량체에 대한, 예를 들어 디비닐 단량체에 대한 시약(reagent)으로서 사용되고; 및/또는
상기 제조 방법은, 생성물에서 상기 멀티비닐 단량체 잔기당 평균적으로 0.5 내지 6개의 상기 사슬 이동제 잔기, 선택적으로 0.9 내지 3.3개의 상기 사슬 이동제 잔기가 있도록 수행되고; 및/또는
상기 멀티비닐 단량체가 디비닐 단량체이며, 상기 제조 방법은, 생성물에서 디비닐 단량체 잔기당 평균적으로 0.5 내지 2개의 사슬 이동제 잔기, 선택적으로 0.9 내지 1.1개의 사슬 이동제 잔기가 있도록 수행되고; 및/또는
상기 제조 방법은, 상기 디비닐 단량체 뿐만 아니라 더 적은 양의 모노비닐 단량체의 혼입을 포함하거나; 또는 하나 이상의 상기 멀티비닐 단량체 뿐만 아니라 모노비닐 단량체의 혼입을 포함하며, 사용된 상기 비닐 단량체의 10% 이상이 상기 멀티비닐 단량체이고; 및/또는
상기 제조 방법은, 트리비닐 단량체와 상기 디비닐 단량체 및/또는 모노비닐 단량체의 공중합을 포함하고; 및/또는
상기 제조 방법은 복수의 상기 디비닐 단량체의 혼입을 포함하고; 및/또는
상기 제조 방법은 복수의 상기 멀티비닐 단량체의 혼입을 포함하고; 및/또는
상기 제조 방법은 복수의 상기 사슬 이동제의 혼입을 포함하는, 제조 방법. - 제1항 내지 제12항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 제조 방법에 의해 얻을 수 있는 분지형 중합체.
- 멀티비닐 단량체 잔기 및 사슬 이동제 잔기를 포함하는 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체 생성물로서, 상기 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체 생성물은 1 내지 3개, 선택적으로 1.2 내지 2개의 상기 멀티비닐 단량체 잔기의 평균 길이를 갖는 다수의 비닐 중합체 사슬 세그먼트를 포함하고; 선택적으로 상기 멀티비닐 단량체는 디비닐 단량체이며, 상기 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체 생성물은 1 내지 3개, 선택적으로 1.8 내지 2개의 상기 디비닐 단량체 잔기의 평균 길이를 갖는 다수의 비닐 중합체 사슬 세그먼트를 포함하는, 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체 생성물.
- 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체 생성물로서, 상기 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체 생성물은 멀티비닐 단량체 잔기, 예를 들어 디비닐 단량체 잔기, 및 사슬 이동제 잔기를 포함하며, 상기 멀티비닐 단량체 잔기는 20mol% 미만, 선택적으로 5mol% 미만의 미반응 이중 결합 관능기를 포함하는, 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체 생성물.
- 멀티비닐 단량체 잔기 및 사슬 이동제 잔기를 포함하는 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체 생성물로서, 상기 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체 생성물은 디비닐 단량체 잔기당 평균적으로 0.5 내지 6개의 상기 사슬 이동제 잔기, 선택적으로 0.9 내지 3.3개의 사슬 이동제 잔기를 포함하고; 선택적으로 상기 멀티비닐 단량체 잔기는 디비닐 단량체 잔기이며, 상기 디비닐 단량체 잔기당 평균적으로 0.5 내지 2개의 상기 사슬 이동제 잔기, 선택적으로 0.9 내지 1.1개의 상기 사슬 이동제 잔기를 포함하는, 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체 생성물.
- 멀티비닐 단량체 잔기 및 사슬 이동제 잔기를 포함하는 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체 생성물로서, 상기 멀티비닐 단량체의 각각의 비닐 잔기는 평균적으로 0.1 내지 1.5개, 선택적으로 0.3 내지 1개의 다른 멀티비닐 단량체 잔기에 직접 비닐 중합되고; 선택적으로 상기 멀티비닐 단량체 잔기는 디비닐 단량체 잔기이며, 상기 디비닐 단량체의 각각의 비닐 잔기는 평균적으로 0.5 내지 1.5개, 선택적으로 0.9 내지 1개의 다른 디비닐 단량체 잔기에 직접 비닐 중합된, 응답성 또는 분해성 분지형 중합체 생성물.
- 제13항 내지 제17항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 분지형 중합체 생성물.
- 제13항 내지 제18항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
모노비닐 단량체 잔기를 추가로 포함하며, 상기 모노비닐 단량체 잔기에 대한 상기 디비닐 단량체 잔기의 몰량이 50% 초과이거나; 또는
모노비닐 단량체 잔기를 추가로 포함하며, 상기 분지형 중합체 생성물 중 비닐 단량체 잔기의 10% 이상이 상기 멀티비닐 단량체 잔기이고; 및/또는
혼합된 상기 디비닐 단량체 잔기를 포함하고; 및/또는
혼합된 상기 사슬 이동제 잔기를 포함하고; 및/또는
트리비닐 단량체의 잔기 및 상기 디비닐 및/또는 모노비닐 단량체의 잔기를 포함하는, 분지형 중합체 생성물. - 상기 멀티비닐 단량체가 멀티메타크릴레이트 또는 멀티아크릴레이트이며, 예를 들어 상기 디비닐 단량체가 디메타크릴레이트 또는 디아크릴레이트이거나; 또는 상기 디비닐 단량체가 EGDMA이거나; 또는 상기 멀티비닐 단량체가 멀티아크릴아미드이며, 예를 들어 상기 디비닐 단량체가 비스아크릴아미드인, 제1항 내지 제12항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 제조 방법 또는 제13항 내지 제19항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 중합체.
- 제1항 내지 제20항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 사슬 이동제가 티올, 선택적으로 도데칸티올인, 제조 방법 또는 중합체.
- 제1항 내지 제21항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 에폭시드 관능기를 갖는 단량체가 혼입되는, 제조 방법 또는 중합체.
- 제1항 내지 제22항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 3급 아민 관능기를 갖는 단량체가 혼입되는, 제조 방법 또는 중합체.
- 제13항 내지 제23항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 비닐 중합체 사슬들 사이의 분지가 절단성 기를 포함하는, 생성물.
- 제24항에 있어서, 상기 절단성 기가 에스테르인, 생성물.
- 제13항 내지 제25항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 비닐 중합체 사슬들 사이의 분지가 상기 분지당 다수의 절단성 부위를 포함하는, 생성물.
- 제26항에 있어서, 상기 절단성 부위의 수가 5개 이상인, 생성물.
- 제26항 또는 제27항에 있어서, 상기 절단성 부위가 에스테르 연결기인, 생성물.
- 제13항 내지 제23항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 멀티비닐 단량체 잔기 또는 이의 부분(들)이 이타콘산으로부터 유래된, 생성물.
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US6509418B1 (en) | 1997-02-19 | 2003-01-21 | Prc-Desoto International, Inc. | Sealants and potting formulations including mercapto-terminated polymers produced by the reaction of a polythiol and polyvinyl ether monomer |
US6353066B1 (en) | 2001-02-09 | 2002-03-05 | Fina Technology, Inc. | Method for producing copolymers in the presence of a chain transfer agent |
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US20130186761A1 (en) | 2010-09-16 | 2013-07-25 | Voltea B.V. | Apparatus for removal of ions comprising an ion exchange membrane that comprises a crosslinked hyperbranched (co)polymer (a crosslinked hbp) with ion exchange groups |
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