KR20210029847A - Methods of off-line heat treatment of non-ferrous alloy feedstock - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention, in some embodiments, is a method of forming an O temper or T temper product, the method comprising: obtaining a coil of a non-ferrous alloy strip as a feedstock; Uncoiling the coil of feedstock; Heating the feedstock to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and a temperature of 10 degrees Fahrenheit lower than the solidus temperature of the non-ferrous alloy; And quenching the feedstock to form a heat treated product having an O temper or a T temper. The non-ferrous alloy strip used in this method excludes an aluminum alloy having 0.4% by weight silicon, less than 0.2% iron, 0.35 to 0.40% copper, 0.9% manganese, and 1% by weight magnesium.

Description

Off-line heat treatment method of non-ferrous alloy feedstock {METHODS OF OFF-LINE HEAT TREATMENT OF NON-FERROUS ALLOY FEEDSTOCK}

The present invention relates to heat treatment of cast metal alloys.

Annealing and solution heat treatments of cast metal alloys are known.

In some embodiments, the method comprises obtaining a coil of a non-ferrous alloy strip as a feedstock; Uncoiling the coil of feedstock; Heating the feedstock to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and a temperature of 10 degrees Fahrenheit lower than the solidus temperature of the non-ferrous alloy; And quenching the feedstock to form a heat treated product having a predetermined temper. In some embodiments, the temper is an O temper or a T temper; The non-ferrous alloy strip excludes aluminum alloys having all of the following: 0.4% by weight silicon, less than 0.2% by weight iron, 0.35 to 0.40% by weight copper, 0.9% by weight manganese, and 1% by weight magnesium.

In some embodiments, the heating is selected from the group consisting of infrared, radiant-tube, gas-fired furnace, direct resistance, induction heating, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, a titanium alloy, a copper alloy, a nickel alloy, a zinc alloy, and a tin alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is an aluminum alloy selected from the group consisting of 2xxx, 3xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx, and 8xxx series aluminum alloys.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a magnesium alloy. In some embodiments, the method further includes recoiling the heat treated product to form a second coil. In some embodiments, the heating temperature is between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and a temperature 30 degrees Fahrenheit below the solidus temperature of the non-ferrous alloy.

In some embodiments, the heating temperature is between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and a temperature 60 degrees Fahrenheit below the solidus temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the heating temperature is between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 85 degrees Fahrenheit below the solidus temperature of the non-ferrous alloy.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is an aluminum alloy and the heating temperature is 600 to 1100 degrees Fahrenheit. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a magnesium alloy and the heating temperature is between 550 and 930 degrees Fahrenheit.

In some embodiments, the method comprises obtaining a coil of a non-ferrous alloy strip as a feedstock; Uncoiling the coil of feedstock; Heating the feedstock to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and a temperature of 10 degrees Fahrenheit lower than the solidus temperature of the non-ferrous alloy for a heating duration of 0.5 to 55 seconds; And quenching the feedstock to form a heat treated product having a predetermined temper.

In some embodiments, the temper is an O temper or a T temper; The non-ferrous alloy strip excludes aluminum alloys having all of the following: 0.4% by weight silicon, less than 0.2% by weight iron, 0.35 to 0.40% by weight copper, 0.9% by weight manganese, and 1% by weight magnesium.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, a titanium alloy, a copper alloy, a nickel alloy, a zinc alloy, and a tin alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is an aluminum alloy selected from the group consisting of 2xxx, 3xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx, and 8xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a magnesium alloy.

In some embodiments, the duration of heating is 0.5 to 20 seconds. In some embodiments, the duration of heating is 0.5 to 15 seconds. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is an aluminum alloy and the heating temperature is 600 to 1100 degrees Fahrenheit. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a magnesium alloy and the heating temperature is between 550 and 930 degrees Fahrenheit. In some embodiments, the temper is selected from the group consisting of T4 and T4X.

1 illustrates features of some embodiments of the present invention.
2 illustrates features of some embodiments of the present invention.
3 illustrates features of some embodiments of the present invention.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same structure is referred to by the same reference numerals throughout several drawings. The drawings shown are not necessarily to scale or aspect ratio, but instead are generally emphasized when describing the principles of the invention. Additionally, some features may be exaggerated to reveal details of specific components.
The drawings constitute a part of this specification, include exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and illustrate various objects and features of the present invention. Further, the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and some features may be exaggerated to show details of specific components. In addition, any measurements, specifications, etc. shown in the drawings are exemplary and not intended to be limiting. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein should not be construed as limiting, but should be construed only as a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to variously use the present invention.

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same structure is referred to by the same reference numerals throughout the several drawings. The drawings shown are not necessarily to scale, but instead are generally emphasized when describing the principles of the invention. Additionally, some features may be exaggerated to reveal details of specific components.

The drawings constitute a part of this specification, include exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and illustrate various objects and features of the present invention. Further, the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and some features may be exaggerated to show details of specific components. In addition, any measurements, specifications, and the like shown in the drawings are illustrative and are not intended to be limiting. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein should not be construed as limiting, but should be construed only as a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to variously use the present invention.

Among such effects and improvements disclosed, other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings. Detailed embodiments of the invention are disclosed herein; It should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples of the present invention that can be implemented in various forms. In addition, each embodiment is given in connection with various embodiments of the invention that are illustrative and not limiting.

Throughout the specification and claims, the following terms take on expressly related meanings in this specification unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. As used herein, the phrases “in one embodiment” and “in some embodiments” do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment(s), but may. Further, as used herein, the phrases “in other embodiments” and “in some other embodiments” do not necessarily refer to different embodiments, but may. Accordingly, as described below, various embodiments of the present invention can be easily combined without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention.

Further, as used herein, the term "or" is an inclusive "or" operator and is equivalent to the term "and/or" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The term “based on” is not exclusive and, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, allows it to be based on additional factors not described. In addition, throughout this specification, the meaning of the singular ("a," "an," and "the") includes plural references. The meaning of "within" includes "within" and "within".

As used herein, the term “annealing” primarily refers to a heating process that causes recrystallization of a metal to occur. In some embodiments, annealing may further comprise dissolution of the soluble component particles based at least in part on the size and annealing temperature of the soluble component particles. In embodiments, the temperature used to anneal the aluminum alloy is in the range of 600 to 900°F. In embodiments, the temperature used to anneal the copper alloy is in the range of 700 to 1700°F. In embodiments, the temperature used to anneal the magnesium alloy is in the range of 550 to 850°F. In embodiments, the temperature used to anneal the nickel alloy is in the range of 1400 to 2220°F. In embodiments, the temperature used to anneal the titanium alloy is in the range of 1200 to 1650°F. In embodiments, the temperature used to anneal other non-ferrous alloys may include any of the temperature ranges listed above.

Also, as used herein, the term “solution heat treatment” refers to a metallurgical process that maintains a metal at a high temperature so that the second phase particles of an alloying element dissolve into a solid solution. The temperature used for solution heat treatment is generally higher than the temperature used for annealing, up to about 1100°F for aluminum alloys. This state is then maintained by quenching the metal to strengthen the final product by controlled precipitation (aging). In embodiments, the temperature used for the solution heat treatment of the copper alloy is in the range of 1425 to 1700°F. In embodiments, the temperature used for the solution heat treatment of the magnesium alloy is in the range of 750 to 930°F. In embodiments, the temperature used for the solution heat treatment of the nickel alloy is in the range of 1525 to 2260°F. In embodiments, the temperature used for the solution heat treatment of the titanium alloy is in the range of 1400 to 1850°F. In embodiments, the temperature for solution heat treatment of other non-ferrous alloys may include any of the temperature ranges listed above.

As used herein, the term “feedstock” refers to a non-ferrous alloy in the form of a strip. The feedstock used in the practice of the present invention can be made by any casting technique known to those skilled in the art, including, but not limited to, direct chill casting and continuous casting. In some embodiments, the feedstock is produced using an ingot process, a belt caster, and/or a roll caster. In some embodiments, the feedstock is described in US Pat. Nos. 5,515,908; 6,672,368; And a non-ferrous alloy strip produced using the method described in 7,125,612, wherein each of the above patents is assigned to the assignee of the present invention and is incorporated by reference in its entirety.

In some embodiments, the feedstock may optionally be subjected to one or more of the following steps prior to heating: shearing, trimming, quenching, hot and/or cold rolling, and/or coiling. ). In some embodiments, the feedstock is hot and/or cold rolled until a final predetermined gauge is reached and then coiled to form a coiled feedstock.

As used herein, a “strip” can be of any suitable thickness, generally of a sheet gauge (0.006 inches to 0.249 inches) or sheet gauge (0.250 inches to 0.400 inches), ie, a thickness of 0.006 inches. It ranges from inches to 0.400 inches. In one embodiment, the strip is at least 0.040 inches thick. In one embodiment, the strip is no more than 0.320 inches thick. In one embodiment, the strip is 0.0070 to 0.018 inches thick when used, such as for canning/packaging applications. In some embodiments, the strips range in thickness from 0.06 to 0.25 inches. In some embodiments, the strips range in thickness from 0.08 to 0.14 inches. In some embodiments, the strips range in thickness from 0.08 to 0.20 inches. In some embodiments, the strips range in thickness from 0.1 to 0.25 inches.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy strip is about 90 inches or less in width, depending on the desired subsequent treatment and end use of the strip. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy strip is about 80 inches or less in width, depending on the desired subsequent treatment and end use of the strip. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy strip is about 70 inches or less in width, depending on the desired subsequent treatment and end use of the strip. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy strip is about 60 inches or less in width, depending on the desired subsequent treatment and end use of the strip. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy strip is about 50 inches or less in width, depending on the desired subsequent treatment and end use of the strip.

As used herein, the term “solidus” temperature refers to the temperature below which the non-ferrous alloy is completely solid.

As used herein, the term “non-equilibrium melting” temperature refers to the temperature at which melting of a non-ferrous alloy occurs below the solidus temperature.

As used herein, the term “recrystallization temperature” refers to the lowest temperature at which the warped grain structure of a cold-worked metal is replaced with a new, non-deformed grain structure.

As used herein, the term “temperature” can refer to the average temperature, the highest temperature, or the lowest temperature.

As used herein, the phrase "aluminum alloy is selected from the group consisting of 1xxx, 2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx, and 8xxx series aluminum alloys", etc., registered with the Aluminum Association 1xxx, 2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx, and 8xxx series aluminum alloys and non-registered modifications thereof, means an aluminum alloy selected from the group consisting of: 0.4% by weight of silicon; Aluminum alloys all having less than 0.2 weight percent iron, 0.35 to 0.40 weight percent copper, 0.9 weight percent manganese, and 1 weight percent magnesium are excluded.

As used herein, "heat duration" means the time elapsed between the start of heating of the alloy and the start of cooling of the alloy.

As used herein, "non-ferrous alloy" means an alloy of elements such as aluminum, magnesium, titanium, copper, nickel, zinc or tin.

In some embodiments, the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a non-ferrous alloy strip in an offline process. In some embodiments, the present invention relates to a method of heating a cast strip in an offline process. In some embodiments, the method is used to prepare a non-ferrous alloy strip of T (heat treated) or O (annealed) temper having the desired properties by heating to a temperature above the recrystallization temperature or below the non-equilibrium melting temperature. Is used.

In some embodiments, the present invention relates to a method of making a non-ferrous alloy strip for use in commercial applications such as automotive, canning, food packaging, beverage containers, and aerospace applications.

In some embodiments, the present invention is a method of manufacturing a non-ferrous alloy strip in an offline process, the method comprising: obtaining a coil of the non-ferrous alloy strip as a feedstock; Uncoiling the coil of feedstock; Heating the feedstock to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and a temperature of 10 degrees Fahrenheit lower than the solidus temperature of the non-ferrous alloy; And quenching the feedstock to form a heat treated product having a predetermined temper. In some embodiments, the first temper is an O temper, a T temper, or a W temper. In some embodiments, the quenching is performed using a liquid spray, gas, liquid after gas, and/or gas after liquid.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is coiled to form a first coil. In some embodiments, the method further includes uncoiling the first coil. In some embodiments, the method further includes recoiling the aluminum alloy strip to form a second coil.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, a titanium alloy, a copper alloy, a nickel alloy, a zinc alloy, and a tin alloy.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is an aluminum alloy selected from the group consisting of 2xxx, 3xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx, and 8xxx series aluminum alloys.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a magnesium alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a titanium alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a copper alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a nickel alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a zinc alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a tin alloy.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy strip is:

0.4% by weight silicon,

Less than 0.2% by weight of iron,

0.35 to 0.40% by weight of copper,

0.9% by weight of manganese, and

Aluminum alloys with all 1% by weight of magnesium are excluded.

In some embodiments, heating is performed using any type of heat treatment including, but not limited to, infrared, radiant-tube, gas kiln, direct resistance, and/or induction heat treatment. In some embodiments, the heat treatment is induction heating. In some embodiments, induction heating is performed using a heater configured for transverse flux induction heating (“TFIH”).

In some embodiments, the feedstock has a uniform microstructure with fine components. In some embodiments, the feedstock is described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,515,908; 6,672,368; And a uniform microstructure with fine constituents by the strip continuous casting method described in detail in No. 7,125,612, each of which is assigned to the assignee of the present invention and is incorporated by reference in its entirety. In some embodiments, since the solidification time in the continuous casting method can be short (less than 100 milliseconds), the intermetallic compounds in the feedstock have the time to grow to reach a size that will require higher temperatures and longer hold times for dissolution. There is no. In some embodiments _{, the particles of the soluble Mg 2} Si phase in the feedstock generally have a size of 1 micron or less and an average particle size of about 0.3 microns. In embodiments, small soluble particles in the feedstock are suitable for rapid dissolution. In some embodiments, a high percentage of solute in the feedstock tends to be in the solution and thus does not require additional solutionization.

In some embodiments, the small particle size of the intermetallic compound and the large percentage of solute in the solution of the aluminum alloy strip facilitate the use of heating for solution heat treatment of the alloy and/or age hardened alloy at lower temperatures. In some embodiments, the small particle size of the intermetallic compound and the large percentage of solute in the solution of the aluminum alloy strip facilitate the use of induction heating for solution heat treatment of the alloy and/or age hardened alloy at lower temperatures. . In some embodiments, this process is made possible by a homogeneous microstructure with fine components, which can be solution heat treated at a lower temperature than required for conventional ingot materials, whereby it can be used without the occurrence of localized strip melting. Provides embodying. In some embodiments, the feedstock material may be processed at an increased line speed because a lower temperature is required for heat treatment. In some embodiments, heating is sufficient to limit the growth of _{Mg 2} Si particles over the temperature range before dissolution begins. In some embodiments, heating is sufficient to limit the growth of _{Mg 2} Si particles over a temperature range above 800° F. before dissolution begins, as a non-limiting example. In some embodiments, the heated strip is then quenched to maintain the solute in the solution.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature equal to the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 85° F. below the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 80° F. lower than the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 70° F. lower than the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 60° F. lower than the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 50° F. lower than the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 40° F. below the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 30° F. lower than the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 20° F. below the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 10° F. lower than the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 5° F. lower than the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 100° F. below the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 110° F. below the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 120° F. lower than the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 130° F. lower than the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 140° F. below the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 160° F. lower than the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 180° F. below the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 200° F. below the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 30 to 200° F. lower than the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 50 to 200° F. lower than the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 70 to 200° F. lower than the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 100 to 200° F. below the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between 130 and 200° F. below the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 170 to 200° F. below the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 40 to 200° F. below the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 40 to 180° F. below the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 40 to 160° F. below the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 40 to 140° F. lower than the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 40 to 120° F. below the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 40-100° F. below the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the non-ferrous alloy and 40 to 80° F. below the solidus or non-equilibrium melting temperature of the non-ferrous alloy.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature 1° F. above the recrystallization temperature. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature 10° F. above the recrystallization temperature. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature 20° F. above the recrystallization temperature. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature 30° F. above the recrystallization temperature. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature 50° F. above the recrystallization temperature. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature 75° F. above the recrystallization temperature. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature 100° F. above the recrystallization temperature. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature of 125° F. above the recrystallization temperature. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature 150° F. higher than the recrystallization temperature. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature 200° F. above the recrystallization temperature. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature 250° F. above the recrystallization temperature. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature 300° F. higher than the recrystallization temperature. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature 350° F. above the recrystallization temperature. In some embodiments, the feedstock is heated to a temperature 400° F. above the recrystallization temperature.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 600 to 1100°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 600 to 1050°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 600-1000°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 600 to 950°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 600-900°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 600 to 850°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 600-800°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 600 to 750°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 600 to 700°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 600 to 650°F.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 650 to 1100° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 700 to 1100°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 750 to 1100° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 800 to 1100° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 850 to 1100° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 900 to 1100°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 950 to 1100°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 1000 to 1100° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy heated to a temperature of 1050 to 1100° F.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 700 to 1700° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 700 to 1650° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 700 to 1600°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 700 to 1500°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 700 to 1400° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 700 to 1300°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 700 to 1200°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 700 to 1100°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 700-1000°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 700-900°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 700-800°F.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 650 to 1700° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 700 to 1700° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 800 to 1700° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 900 to 1700° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 1000 to 1700° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 1100 to 1700° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 1200 to 1700° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 1300 to 1700°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 1400 to 1700° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 1500 to 1700° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy heated to a temperature of 1600-1700°F.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy heated to a temperature of 550 to 930°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy heated to a temperature of 550 to 900°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy heated to a temperature of 550 to 850°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy heated to a temperature of 550 to 800°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy heated to a temperature of 550 to 750°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy heated to a temperature of 550 to 700°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy heated to a temperature of 550 to 650°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy heated to a temperature of 550 to 600°F.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy heated to a temperature of 600 to 930°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy heated to a temperature of 650 to 930°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy heated to a temperature of 700 to 930°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy heated to a temperature of 750 to 930°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy heated to a temperature of 800 to 930°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy heated to a temperature of 850 to 930°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy heated to a temperature of 900 to 930°F.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 1400 to 2260°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 1400 to 2200°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 1400 to 2100°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 1400-2000°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 1400 to 1900° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 1400 to 1800°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 1400 to 1700° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 1400-1600°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 1400 to 1500° F.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 1450-2260°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 1500-2260°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 1600-2260°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 1700 to 2260°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 1800-2260°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 1900 to 2260° F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 2000 to 2260°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy heated to a temperature of 2100 to 2260°F.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a titanium alloy heated to a temperature of 1200-1850°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a titanium alloy heated to a temperature of 1200 to 1800°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a titanium alloy heated to a temperature of 1200-1700°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a titanium alloy heated to a temperature of 1200-1600°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a titanium alloy heated to a temperature of 1200-1500[deg.] F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a titanium alloy heated to a temperature of 1200-1400°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a titanium alloy heated to a temperature of 1200-1300°F.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a titanium alloy heated to a temperature of 1250 to 1800°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a titanium alloy heated to a temperature of 1300 to 1800°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a titanium alloy heated to a temperature of 1400 to 1800°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a titanium alloy heated to a temperature of 1500 to 1800°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a titanium alloy heated to a temperature of 1600 to 1800°F. In some embodiments, the feedstock is a titanium alloy heated to a temperature of 1700 to 1800°F.

In some embodiments, the heated strip has a temper of T, O, or W. In some embodiments, the heated strip has a temper of T4 or T4X. In some embodiments, the heated strip is allowed to reach a T4 or T4X temper at room temperature.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of 1xxx, 2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx, and 8xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 1xxx series aluminum alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 2xxx series aluminum alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 3xxx series aluminum alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 4xxx series aluminum alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 5xxx series aluminum alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 6xxx series aluminum alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 7xxx series aluminum alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is an 8xxx series aluminum alloy.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from a non-heat treatable alloy selected from the group consisting of 1xxx, 3xxx, and 5xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from heat treatable alloys selected from the group consisting of 2xxx, 6xxx, and 7xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of 4xxx and 8xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from an alloy selected from the group consisting of 2xxx, 3xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, and 7xxx series aluminum alloys.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of 1xxx, 2xxx, and 3xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of 2xxx, 3xxx, and 4xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of 3xxx, 4xxx, and 5xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of 4xxx, 5xxx, and 6xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of 5xxx, 6xxx, and 7xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of 6xxx, 7xxx, and 8xxx series aluminum alloys.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 2xxx series aluminum alloy selected from the group consisting of AA2x24 (AA2024, AA2026, AA2524), AA2014, AA2029, AA2055, AA2060, AA2070, and AA2x99 (AA2099, AA2199).

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 3xxx series aluminum alloy selected from the group consisting of AA3004, AA3104, AA3204, AA3304, AA3005, and AA3105.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 5xxx series aluminum alloy selected from the group consisting of AA5182, AA5754, and AA5042.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 6xxx series aluminum alloy selected from the group consisting of AA6022, AA6111, AA6061, AA6013, AA6063, and AA6055.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 7xxx series aluminum alloy selected from the group consisting of AA7x75 (AA7075, AA7175, AA7475), AA7010, AA7050, AA7150, AA7055, AA7255, AA7065, and AA7085.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy comprises: 0.4% silicon by weight; Aluminum alloys all having less than 0.2% iron, 0.35 to 0.40% copper, 0.9% manganese, and 1% magnesium by weight are excluded.

In some embodiments, the method includes heating the feedstock to a first temperature for a first time T1 to achieve a product having a first temper. In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy, the first temperature is in the range of 600°F to 1100°F, and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 600° F. to 1100° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 50 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 600°F to 1100°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 45 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 600° F. to 1100° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 35 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 600° F. to 1100° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 30 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 600° F. to 1100° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 20 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 600° F. to 1100° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 25 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 600° F. to 1100° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 20 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 600° F. to 1100° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 15 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 600° F. to 1100° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 10 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 600° F. to 1100° F. and T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 5 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 600° F. to 1100° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 3 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 600° F. to 1100° F. and T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 2 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 600° F. to 1100° F. and T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 1 second.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy, the first temperature is in the range of 650°F to 1100°F, and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 700° F. to 1100° F. and T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 750° F. to 1100° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 800° F. to 1100° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 850°F to 1100°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 600° F. to 900° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 950°F to 1100°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1000°F to 1100°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1050° F. to 1100° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is an aluminum alloy, the first temperature is in the range of 600°F to 1050°F, and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 600° F. to 1000° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 600°F to 950°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 600° F. to 900° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 600° F. to 850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 600° F. to 800° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 600° F. to 750° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 600° F. to 700° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 600° F. to 650° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy, the first temperature is in the range of 700°F to 1700°F, and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 700° F. to 1700° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 50 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 700° F. to 1700° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 45 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 700° F. to 1700° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 35 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 700° F. to 1700° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 30 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 700° F. to 1700° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 20 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 700° F. to 1700° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 25 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 700° F. to 1700° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 20 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 700° F. to 1700° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 15 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 700° F. to 1700° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 10 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 700° F. to 1700° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 5 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 700° F. to 1700° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 3 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 700° F. to 1700° F. and T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 2 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 700° F. to 1700° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 1 second.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy, the first temperature is in the range of 750°F to 1700°F, and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 800° F. to 1700° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 850°F to 1700°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 900° F. to 1700° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 950°F to 1700°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1000° F. to 1700° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1100°F to 1700°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1700° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1300°F to 1700°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1400° F. to 1700° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1500° F. to 1700° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1600°F to 1700°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 900° F. to 1500° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1000° F. to 1300° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 900° F. to 1200° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a copper alloy, the first temperature is in the range of 700°F to 1600°F, and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 700°F to 1500°F, and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 700° F. to 1400° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 700° F. to 1300° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 700° F. to 1200° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 700° F. to 1100° F. and T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 700° F. to 1000° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 700° F. to 900° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy, the first temperature is in the range of 550°F to 930°F, and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 550° F. to 930° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 50 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 550° F. to 930° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 45 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 550° F. to 930° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 35 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 550° F. to 930° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 30 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 550° F. to 930° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 20 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 550° F. to 930° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 25 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 550° F. to 930° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 20 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 550° F. to 930° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 15 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 550° F. to 930° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 10 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 550° F. to 930° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 5 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 550° F. to 930° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 3 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 550° F. to 930° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 2 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 550° F. to 930° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 1 second.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy, the first temperature is in the range of 600°F to 930°F, and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 650° F. to 930° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 700° F. to 930° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 750° F. to 930° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 800° F. to 930° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 850°F to 930°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 900°F to 930°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a magnesium alloy, the first temperature is in the range of 550°F to 900°F, and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 550° F. to 850° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 550° F. to 800° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 550° F. to 750° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 550° F. to 700° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 550° F. to 650° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 550° F. to 600° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 650° F. to 900° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 700°F to 800°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy, the first temperature is in the range of 1400°F to 2260°F, and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1400° F. to 2260° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 50 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1400° F. to 2260° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 45 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1400° F. to 2260° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 35 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1400° F. to 2260° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 30 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1400° F. to 2260° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 20 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1400° F. to 2260° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 25 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1400° F. to 2260° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 20 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1400° F. to 2260° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 15 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1400° F. to 2260° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 10 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1400° F. to 2260° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 5 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1400° F. to 2260° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 3 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1400° F. to 2260° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 2 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1400° F. to 2260° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 1 second.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy, the first temperature is in the range of 1500°F to 2260°F, and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1600° F. to 2260° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1700°F to 2260°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1800° F. to 2260° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1900°F to 2260°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 2000° F. to 2260° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 2100°F to 2260°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a nickel alloy, the first temperature is in the range of 1400°F to 2100°F, and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1400° F. to 2000° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1400° F. to 1900° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1400° F. to 1800° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1400° F. to 1700° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1400° F. to 1600° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1400° F. to 1500° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1500° F. to 2100° F. and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1600°F to 2000°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1700° F. to 1900° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a titanium alloy, the first temperature is in the range of 1200°F to 1850°F, and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 50 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 45 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 35 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 30 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 20 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 25 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 20 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 15 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 10 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 5 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 3 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 2 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 1 second.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a titanium alloy, the first temperature is in the range of 1300°F to 1850°F, and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1400° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1500° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1600° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1700°F to 1850°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1800° F. to 1850° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds.

In some embodiments, the feedstock is a titanium alloy, the first temperature is in the range of 1200°F to 1800°F, and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1700° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1600° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1500° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1400° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1200° F. to 1300° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature ranges from 1300°F to 1800°F, and T1 ranges from 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1400° F. to 1700° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds. In some embodiments, the first temperature is in the range of 1500° F. to 1600° F. and the T1 is in the range of 0.5 to 55 seconds.

In some embodiments, the heated strip has a temper of T, O, or W. In some embodiments, the heated strip has a temper of T4 or T4X. In some embodiments, the heated strip is allowed to reach a T4 or T4X temper at room temperature.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of 1xxx, 2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx, and 8xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 1xxx series aluminum alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 2xxx series aluminum alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 3xxx series aluminum alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 4xxx series aluminum alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 5xxx series aluminum alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 6xxx series aluminum alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 7xxx series aluminum alloy. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is an 8xxx series aluminum alloy.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from a non-heat treatable alloy selected from the group consisting of 1xxx, 3xxx, and 5xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from heat treatable alloys selected from the group consisting of 2xxx, 6xxx, and 7xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of 4xxx and 8xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from an alloy selected from the group consisting of 2xxx, 3xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, and 7xxx series aluminum alloys.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of 1xxx, 2xxx, and 3xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of 2xxx, 3xxx, and 4xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of 3xxx, 4xxx, and 5xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of 4xxx, 5xxx, and 6xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of 5xxx, 6xxx, and 7xxx series aluminum alloys. In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is selected from the group consisting of 6xxx, 7xxx, and 8xxx series aluminum alloys.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 2xxx series aluminum alloy selected from the group consisting of AA2x24 (AA2024, AA2026, AA2524), AA2014, AA2029, AA2055, AA2060, AA2070, and AA2x99 (AA2099, AA2199).

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 3xxx series aluminum alloy selected from the group consisting of AA3004, AA3104, AA3204, AA3304, AA3005, and AA3105.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 5xxx series aluminum alloy selected from the group consisting of AA5182, AA5754, and AA5042.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 6xxx series aluminum alloy selected from the group consisting of AA6022, AA6111, AA6061, AA6013, AA6063, and AA6055.

In some embodiments, the non-ferrous alloy is a 7xxx series aluminum alloy selected from the group consisting of AA7x75 (AA7075, AA7175, AA7475), AA7010, AA7050, AA7150, AA7055, AA7255, AA7065, and AA7085.

In some embodiments, FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of the steps of the method of the present invention. In some embodiments, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of an apparatus used to perform the method of the present invention. In some embodiments, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of an apparatus used to perform the method of the present invention.

In some embodiments, the method includes the process detailed in FIG. 1. In some embodiments, the feedstock 20 is formed from a continuously cast non-ferrous alloy strip 1 that has undergone one or more of the following processing steps detailed in FIG. 1: passing through one or more shearing and trimming stations ( 2), an optional quenching step (4) for temperature adjustment, one or more hot rolling and/or cold rolling steps (6), and a trimming step (8) and a coiling step (10) to form the feedstock (20). ).

In some embodiments, the feedstock undergoes one or more of the following steps: uncoiling 22, followed by annealing step 26, quenching step 28, and/or producing an O temper strip 32. The optional coiling step 44 to produce a suitable quenching step 42 and a T temper strip 46 after the coiling step 30 for the solution heat treatment step 40 or the solution heat treatment step 40. In some embodiments, the annealing step 26 and/or the solution heat treatment step 40 is performed using the heating method, temperature range, and heating duration described in detail herein.

In some embodiments, one embodiment of an apparatus used to perform the method of the present invention using induction heating is shown in FIG. 2. In some embodiments, the feedstock is processed in a horizontal heat treatment unit as shown in FIG. 2. In some embodiments, the method includes uncoiling the coiled feedstock using an uncoiler 202. In some embodiments, the uncoiled feedstock is then supplied to pinch roll 204, shear 206, trimmer 208, and jointer 210. In some embodiments, the feedstock is then fed to a bridle 212, a looper 214, and another bridle 216. In some embodiments, the resulting feedstock is then fed to one or more induction heaters 218 configured for TFIH. In some embodiments, the heated feedstock is then passed through a soaker 220, a quencher 222 and a dryer 224. In some embodiments, the dried and heated feedstock is then fed to a bridle 226, a leveler 228, and another bridle 230. In some embodiments, the feedstock is then fed to a looper 232, a bridle 234, followed by a shear 236, a trimmer 238, a pre-aging step 240, and then a coiler 242. ) To form a coiled strip.

In some embodiments, the quencher 222 may include, but is not limited to, a liquid spray, a gas, a liquid after gas, and/or a gas after liquid. In some embodiments, the pre-aging step may include, but is not limited to, induction heating, infrared heating, muffle furnace, or liquid spray. In some embodiments, the pre-aging unit is positioned before the coiler 242. In some embodiments, artificial aging may be performed as part of a subsequent operation (eg, a paint bake cycle) or as a separate step within an oven.

In some embodiments, one embodiment of an apparatus used to perform the method of the present invention using induction heating is shown in FIG. 3. In some embodiments, the apparatus or method comprises a stitcher 302, an inductor 304 configured for TFIH, a soak furnace 306, a quencher 308, an air knife 310. And a tension leveling line first bridle 312.

Processing Example 1

The aluminum alloy is treated by the method of the present invention. The selected aluminum alloy is a 6022 alloy having the following composition:

The alloy is processed by casting to a thickness of 0.085 inches at a rate of 250 feet per minute and hot rolling in one step with a final gauge of 0.035 inches, followed by coiling. The coiled product is then uncoiled, heated to a temperature of 850°F for 3 seconds for solution heat treatment, then quenched to 160°F by water spray and coiled. The sample is then removed from the outermost wrap of the coil. One set of samples is allowed to stabilize at room temperature for 4-10 days to reach the T4 temper. The second set is stabilized after a special pre-age treatment at 180° F. for 8 hours. This special temper is called T43.

Processing Example 2

The magnesium alloy is treated by the method of the present invention. The selected magnesium alloy is AZ91D with the following composition:

The alloy is processed by casting to a thickness of 0.085 inches at a rate of 250 feet per minute and hot rolling in one step with a final gauge of 0.035 inches, followed by coiling. The coiled product is then uncoiled, heated to a temperature of 850°F for 3 seconds for solution heat treatment, then quenched to 160°F by water spray and coiled. Then, the sample is removed from the outermost wrap of the coil. One set of samples is allowed to stabilize at room temperature for 4-10 days to reach the T4 temper. The second set is stabilized after a special pre-age treatment at 180° F. for 8 hours. This special temper is called T43.

While a number of embodiments of the present invention have been described, it is understood that these embodiments are merely exemplary and not limiting, and many modifications may be apparent to those skilled in the art. Moreover, the various steps may be performed in any desired order (and any desired steps may be added and/or any desired steps may be removed).

Claims (13)

Manufacturing a coil of aluminum alloy strip as a feedstock;
Uncoiling the coil of the feedstock;
At least one induction configured for transverse flux induction heating the feedstock to a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the aluminum alloy and a temperature of 85 degrees Fahrenheit (47.2° C.) lower than the solidus temperature of the aluminum alloy. Heating in an induction furnace including a heater; And
Quenching the feedstock to form a heat-treated product having a temper
As a method for producing an aluminum alloy strip comprising,
The feedstock does not undergo cold rolling after the quenching,
The temper is a T4 temper or a T4X temper;
Preparation of the feedstock,
(a) continuously casting an aluminum alloy strip,
(b) passing the aluminum alloy strip through one or more shearing and trimming stations,
(c) optionally, quenching the aluminum alloy strip for temperature control,
(d) hot rolling the aluminum alloy strip after step (c) if step (c) is present, after step (b) if step (c) does not exist,
(e) optionally, cold rolling the aluminum alloy strip,
(f) trimming the aluminum alloy strip, and
(g) coiling the aluminum alloy strip
Consists of;
The aluminum alloy strip excludes an aluminum alloy having all of the following, a manufacturing method:
0.4% by weight silicon,
Less than 0.2% by weight of iron,
0.35 to 0.40% by weight of copper,
0.9% by weight of manganese, and
1% by weight of magnesium. The method of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy is selected from the group consisting of 2xxx, 3xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx, and 8xxx series aluminum alloys. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of forming a second coil by recoiling the heat-treated product. The method of claim 1, wherein the heating temperature is between a recrystallization temperature of the aluminum alloy and a temperature of 30 degrees Fahrenheit (16.7° C.) lower than a solidus temperature of the aluminum alloy. The method of claim 1, wherein the heating temperature is between a recrystallization temperature of the aluminum alloy and a temperature of 60 degrees Fahrenheit (33.3° C.) lower than a solidus temperature of the aluminum alloy. The method of claim 1, wherein the heating temperature is between a recrystallization temperature of the aluminum alloy and a temperature of 10 degrees Fahrenheit (5.6° C.) lower than a solidus temperature of the aluminum alloy. The method of claim 1, wherein the heating temperature is between 600 and 1100 degrees Fahrenheit (316 to 593.3 degrees Celsius). The method of claim 1, wherein the heating duration is 0.5 to 55 seconds. The method of claim 8, wherein the heating duration is 0.5 to 20 seconds. The method of claim 9, wherein the heating duration is 0.5 to 10 seconds. The method of claim 1, comprising, after quenching the feedstock to form a heat-treated product having a temper, heating the feedstock to 180 degrees Fahrenheit for 8 hours. The method of claim 1 comprising, after quenching the feedstock to form a heat treated product having a temper, stabilizing the feedstock at room temperature for 4 to 10 days. Manufacturing a coil of aluminum alloy strip as a feedstock;
Uncoiling the coil of the feedstock;
Transverse flux induction heating the feedstock at a temperature between the recrystallization temperature of the aluminum alloy and a temperature of 10 degrees Fahrenheit (5.6° C.) lower than the solidus temperature of the aluminum alloy for a heating duration of 0.5 to 55 seconds. heating in an induction furnace comprising at least one induction heater configured for heating; And
Quenching the feedstock to form a heat-treated product having a temper
As a method for producing an aluminum alloy strip comprising,
The feedstock does not undergo cold rolling after the quenching,
The temper is a T4 or T4X temper;
The manufacture of the feedstock is
(a) continuously casting an aluminum alloy strip,
(b) passing the aluminum alloy strip through one or more shearing and trimming stations,
(c) optionally, quenching the aluminum alloy strip for temperature control,
(d) hot rolling the aluminum alloy strip after step (c) if step (c) is present, after step (b) if step (c) does not exist,
(e) optionally, cold rolling the aluminum alloy strip,
(f) trimming the aluminum alloy strip, and
(g) by coiling the aluminum alloy strip, obtaining a coil of the aluminum alloy strip as a feedstock.
Consists of,
The method, wherein the aluminum alloy strip excludes an aluminum alloy having all of:
0.4% by weight silicon,
Less than 0.2% by weight of iron,
0.35 to 0.40% by weight of copper,
0.9% by weight of manganese, and
1% by weight of magnesium.

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