KR20200135011A - Feed for xylophagous insects and manufacturing method of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present specification relates to a method for manufacturing feed for xylophagous insects, and feed for xylophagous insects manufactured using the same, wherein the method includes: a) a first fermentation step of fermenting a first mixture including oak leaves and milling by-products; b) a second fermentation step of fermenting a second mixture including the fermented first mixture and oak sawdust; c) a high-temperature treatment step of treating the fermented second mixture in a high-temperature atmosphere of at least 70 deg. C; and d) an aging step of aging the second mixture subjected to high-temperature treatment in a low-temperature atmosphere of 10-25 deg. C to proliferate white decay bacteria.

Description

Perforated insect feed and its manufacturing method {FEED FOR XYLOPHAGOUS INSECTS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD OF THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a feed for perforated insects and a method for producing the same, and specifically to a feed capable of stably growing perforated insects and a method for producing the same.

The perforated insect may mean an insect such as a stag beetle and a sky pine as an insect of the order Beetle, which makes a hole in the trunk, branch, and body of a tree and lives a part therein. In general, such perforated insects are fungal properties that feed on cellulose, which is a constituent of wood, and mushroom fungi produced by microbes decomposing wood.

Conventionally, as feed for the breeding of perforated insects such as stag beetles and longevity sky cattle, humus was used by random fermentation of sawdust collected from timber for a certain period of time and fermentation processed humus. There was a problem that was not suitable as feed for breeding. Thus, there has been an attempt to cultivate the hyphae of edible mushrooms and use it as feed for breeding perforated insects. However, in the case of cultivating the mycelium of edible mushrooms and using it as feed for perforated insects, there was a problem that a lot of cost and time were required. In particular, the larvae of the 1st or 2nd instar with little activity were entwined in the mushroom mycelium and died. There was a problem.

Therefore, there is a need to develop feed for breeding perforated insects inexpensively and stably.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication 10-2002-0003479

The present specification aims to solve the above-described problem, provide a feed that can be supplied inexpensively, minimize the death of perforated insects, and induce excellent growth, and a method of manufacturing the same.

An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is, a) fermenting the first mixture containing oak leaves and milling by-products, a first fermentation step; b) a second fermentation step of fermenting the fermented first mixture and a second mixture comprising oak sawdust; c) a high temperature treatment step of treating the fermented second mixture in a high temperature atmosphere of at least 70°C; d) The second mixture subjected to high temperature treatment is aged in a low-temperature atmosphere of 10° C. to 25° C. to proliferate white decay bacteria, an aging step; containing, a method for preparing a feed for perforated insects is provided.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a feed for a perforated insect, manufactured by the above manufacturing method.

Another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a perforated insect breeding kit comprising the feed for perforated insects.

The feed for perforated insects according to the present invention can prevent mortality of perforated insects and stably grow. In addition, the feed for perforated insects according to the present invention can effectively supply nutrients to perforated insects and grow larger.

In the present specification, when a part "includes" a certain component, it means that other components may be further included rather than excluding other components unless otherwise stated.

Conventional feed for insects is generally produced by fermentation of effective microorganisms (EM). However, fermentation of useful microorganisms has a problem in that not only actinomycetes excluded from the main feeding targets of perforated insects, but also bacteria unnecessary to perforated insects such as lactic acid bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria are multiplied. Furthermore, since the existing corrosive insect feed is concerned about the growth of actinomycetes, which is a harmful bacteria, the risk of dying is very high when the perforated insects that bacteria are fed. Actinomycetes are bacteria, and white decay bacteria, which are the food source of perforated insects, are classified as fungi (fungi). Both nutrients are nutrients of organic matter, including cellulose of wood, but for feed for perforated insects, it is necessary to suppress actinomycetes so that they do not dominate and to facilitate the growth of white decay bacteria.

In addition, when a humus-based feed that needs aerobic fermentation is manufactured using useful microorganisms requiring anaerobic fermentation, it may cause spoilage due to the proliferation of harmful bacteria or cause diseases of perforated insects. Therefore, when the conventional insect feed is used for a perforated insect, there is a problem in that the perforated insect is slow to develop and a high mortality rate. Accordingly, as a result of continuing research on the eating habits of other insects and other perforated insects, it has come to develop a feed suitable for breeding of perforated insects. That is, the feed for a perforated insect and a method for producing the same according to the present invention described below can overcome the above-described problem and provide an excellent feed suitable for a perforated insect.

An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is, a) fermenting the first mixture containing oak leaves and milling by-products, a first fermentation step; b) a second fermentation step of fermenting the fermented first mixture and a second mixture comprising oak sawdust; c) a high temperature treatment step of treating the fermented second mixture in a high temperature atmosphere of at least 70°C; d) The second mixture subjected to high temperature treatment is aged in a low-temperature atmosphere of 10° C. to 25° C. to proliferate white decay bacteria, an aging step; containing, a method for preparing a feed for perforated insects is provided.

a) a first fermentation step of fermenting a first mixture comprising oak leaves and milling by-products

The oak leaves include more than 80% of fallen leaves of trees belonging to oaks such as thorns, red oaks, oyster oaks, beech, oaks, mulberrys, chestnuts, oaks, red oaks, Japanese oaks and giant oaks. May be 90% or more, more specifically 95% or more. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the oak leaves may include, in particular, 80% or more, 90% or more, or 95% or more of the fallen leaves of the oak. In this case, the content may be a volume %.

In the case of oak leaves, the present inventors have confirmed that the growth of white decay bacteria, which is preferred by perforated insects, is effectively performed. In particular, leaves of oak trees have been studied to have good growth of white decay bacteria.

The oak leaves may be collected and then crushed. The crushing method of oak leaves may be performed by a known method. In addition, the oak leaves may be pulverized after removing foreign substances such as branches and gravel from the collected fallen leaves, or may be used by removing foreign substances after crushing the collected fallen leaves.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the moisture content of the fallen oak leaves in step a) may be at least 60%. Specifically, the moisture content of the oak leaves may be at least 65%, or at least 70%.

In order to control the moisture content of the oak leaves as described above, the collected oak leaves (or crushed oak leaves) may be added and covered with vinyl. The moisture content of the oak leaves may be the moisture content 30 minutes after adding the prepared oak leaves.

The milling by-product may refer to a by-product generated during the milling process of grains, and specifically, rice hull, rice bran, rice bran, etc., which can be easily obtained as a milling by-product, may be used. The milling by-product may serve as a nutrient source for microorganisms during fermentation, and may serve as an aid to heat generation during fermentation. In addition, it is desirable to use fresh materials within one month after grinding as a by-product of grinding.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the weight ratio of fallen oak leaves and polishing by-products in the first mixture may be 1:1 to 5:1, specifically 2:1 to 3:1, more specifically 2.5:1 days I can. In this case, the weight ratio of the oak leaves and the milling by-products may be the weight ratio of the oak leaves (moisture content less than 20%) and the milling by-products before adding. When the weight ratio of the oak leaves and the milling by-products is within the above range, an appropriate carbonaceous ratio (C/N ratio) is formed so that smooth fermentation can be achieved.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first mixture may further include a fermenting agent. The fermenting agent may be added to promote fermentation in the first fermentation step. The fermenting agent can be applied without limitation, various fermenting agents known in the art.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a1) after the internal temperature of the first mixture reaches 50 °C, it may further include performing a flip. Step a1) may be performed during or after step a). In the step a1), the first turnover may be performed after the internal temperature of the first mixture reaches 50°C, specifically 55°C. In addition, whenever the temperature of the first mixture is increased as described above, 3 to 5 times of flipping are further performed at about one week interval, so that air can be supplied into the second mixture.

b) a second fermentation step of fermenting the fermented first mixture and a second mixture comprising oak sawdust

The fermented first mixture may be a first mixture that has been subjected to step a), and may be converted into humus by sufficiently fermenting oak leaves. That is, the fermented first mixture may be oak deciduous humus.

The oak sawdust may be sawdust of the above-described oak, and may be sawdust using, for example, waste oak wood used for mushroom cultivation. The oak sawdust may be fermented together with the oak deciduous humus to become a culture medium capable of cultivating white decay bacteria, which is a feeding target of perforated insects.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the second mixture may further include an additive including at least one of milling by-products, fermenting agents, organic lime, fish meal, chicken meal, tofu bean curd, and brown sugar. The additive may serve to effectively perform the second fermentation, and may be included in an amount within the range of 10 parts by weight to 30 parts by weight based on the total weight of the fermented first mixture and oak sawdust.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the water content of the second mixture in the second fermentation step is added to be maintained at least 60%, at least 65%, or at least 70%, specifically, 60% to 75%, and vinyl Can be covered.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the weight ratio of the fermented first mixture of step b) and oak sawdust is 1:1 to 1:10, specifically 1:2 to 1:10, or 1:4 to 1:6 , More specifically, it may be about 1:5. When the mixing ratio is adjusted, white decay bacteria stably proliferating in the fermented first mixture (oak deciduous humus) are effectively parasitic on oak sawdust, and thus dominant and proliferate against other wood decomposing bacteria.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, b1) after the internal temperature of the second mixture reaches 55° C., it may further include performing an overturn. In the step b1), the first turnover may be performed after the internal temperature of the second mixture reaches 55°C, specifically 60°C. In addition, whenever the temperature of the second mixture is increased as described above, 3 to 5 times of flipping are further performed at about a week interval to allow air to be supplied into the second mixture. In addition, when selectively performing the flipping, by-products of polishing (eg, rice bran, etc.) may be further added.

c) at least the fermented second mixture 70 ℃ High temperature treatment step, treatment in a high temperature atmosphere

The mixture (fermented sawdust) that has gone through the first fermentation step and the second fermentation step contains various bacteria and microorganisms. Such various fungi and microorganisms are not all suitable as food for perforated insects, and among them, may interfere with the growth of perforated insects and may also cause death of perforated insects. Therefore, a process of removing various bacteria and the like must be performed through the high-temperature treatment step of step c).

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the high-temperature treatment step, the moisture content of the second mixture subjected to the second fermentation step in order to maintain the nutrient component is at least 50%, at least 60%, or at least 70%, specifically, about It can be maintained at 60% to 70%.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, step c) may be to treat the fermented second mixture at 70° C. to 85° C. for at least one day. In the high-temperature conditions (at least 70° C.) as described above, the heat generated by fermentation of the second mixture may be used by using a vinyl and a thermal insulation cover, or heat may be additionally supplied to maintain the high-temperature atmosphere. May be.

Further, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, step c) may be performed using an autoclave. The autoclave may be a high-temperature treatment with high-pressure steam at a temperature of about 120° C. through high-pressure steam, using commonly available autoclave equipment. When using the autoclave, high-temperature treatment may be performed for 20 minutes to an hour, specifically about 30 minutes.

d) the second mixture subjected to high temperature treatment 10 ℃ To 25 ℃ Aged in a low-temperature atmosphere White rot Breeding, ripening stage

When the high-temperature treatment step according to step c) is performed, most of the various bacteria and microorganisms in the second mixture may be killed, and the second mixture may be a good medium for growing white decay bacteria.

In order to effectively proliferate white decay bacteria in the second mixture, after the high-temperature treatment step according to step c) 10 ℃ to 25 ℃, specifically 10 ℃ to 25 ℃, 10 ℃ to 22 ℃, or 15 ℃ to 22 The temperature should be lowered to ℃. And, in order to maintain a state in which various germs are removed according to the high-temperature treatment, it may be performed in an atmosphere blocked from the outside, and the moisture content of the second mixture is at least 50%, at least 60%, or at least 70%, specifically, about It is maintained at 60% to 70% and can induce proliferation of white decay bacteria.

Specifically, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the water content of the second mixture in steps b) to d) is at least 60%, at least 65%, or at least 70%, specifically, 60% to 75% Can be maintained.

In addition, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, step c) and step d) may be performed in an atmosphere blocked from the outside. Specifically, in an atmosphere that is blocked from the outside, various germs in the second mixture are removed through the step c), and an atmosphere that is blocked from the outside is maintained so that the growth of white decay bacteria is not disturbed by other bacteria, and the step d) You can do it.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a feed for a perforated insect, manufactured by the above manufacturing method.

Unlike conventional insect feed, the perforated insect feed contains a large amount of white decay bacteria using fermented oak leaves and fermented chamfer sawdust as a medium, and thus has a very suitable advantage as a feed for perforated insects. As described above, the feed for airborne insects according to the present invention removes various germs through a high-temperature treatment process, and then matures in an environment where white decay bacteria can dominate, so that white decay bacteria can be used by the intestinal symbiotic bacteria of the perforated insects. It may contain a large amount.

Another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a perforated insect breeding kit comprising the feed for perforated insects.

The perforated insect breeding kit may be a breeding kit capable of breeding perforated insects, including the perforated insect feed, and the perforated insect feed may be included in various insect kits commonly used in the art.

Hereinafter, examples will be described in detail to illustrate the present invention in detail. However, the embodiments according to the present invention may be modified in various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not construed as being limited to the embodiments described below. The embodiments of the present specification are provided to more completely describe the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[ Example ]

After collecting about 10 kg of fallen oak leaves in mid-November, impurities were removed, and water content was added to about 70%. A first mixture was prepared by mixing the thus-watered oak leaves, about 2 kg of rice husk, about 2 kg of rice bran, and about 20 g of a fermenter, and covered with vinyl and a thermal insulation cover. When the internal temperature of the first mixture reached about 55°C, the first flip was performed, and then, when the internal temperature reached about 55°C, about 3 times at intervals of about a week, further flipping was performed to prepare oak deciduous humus.

About 5 kg of oak deciduous humus and about 25 kg of raw oak sawdust were mixed as described above, and about 3 kg of rice bran, about 1.5 kg of fish meal and chicken meal, about 1.5 kg of dried tofu, about 30 g of organic lime, 50 of brown sugar g and 30 g of fermentation agent were sufficiently mixed to prepare a second mixture. After adding the water so that the water content of the second mixture was 65% to 70%, it was covered with vinyl and a thermal insulation cover. When the internal temperature of the second mixture reached about 60° C., the first flip was performed, and then, when the internal temperature reached about 60° C. about twice at intervals of about a week, further flipping was performed to prepare fermented sawdust.

The fermented sawdust prepared as described above was heated to maintain a moisture content of 65% to 70%, covered with vinyl and a thermal insulation cover, and treated with high temperature at a temperature of about 70° C. for about 2 days in an atmosphere where the inflow of outside air was blocked. .

Further, similarly, the inflow of outside air is blocked and the moisture content of 65% to 70% is maintained, and the temperature of the fermented sawdust processed at high temperature is aged for at least one month at a temperature of about 18°C to about 20°C, This cultured perforated insect feed was prepared.

Claims (12)

a) fermenting a first mixture comprising oak leaves and milling by-products;
b) a second fermentation step of fermenting the fermented first mixture and a second mixture comprising oak sawdust;
c) a high-temperature treatment step of treating the fermented second mixture in a high-temperature atmosphere of at least 70° C.;
d) aging the second mixture subjected to high-temperature treatment in a low-temperature atmosphere of 10° C. to 25° C. to proliferate white decay bacteria, a aging step; including, a method for producing a feed for perforated insects. The method according to claim 1,
The moisture content of the oak leaves in step a) is at least 60%, the method for producing a feed for perforated insects. The method according to claim 1,
a1) After the internal temperature of the first mixture reaches 50 °C, further comprising the step of performing a flip, the method for producing a feed for perforated insects. The method according to claim 1,
b1) After the internal temperature of the second mixture reaches 55 °C, further comprising the step of performing a flip, the method for producing a feed for perforated insects. The method according to claim 1,
The water content of the second mixture in steps b) to d) is maintained at least 60%, the method for producing a feed for perforated insects. The method according to claim 1,
Step c) is to be carried out using an autoclave, a method for producing a feed for perforated insects. The method according to claim 1,
Step c) and step d) is to be carried out in an atmosphere blocked from the outside, the method for producing a feed for perforated insects. The method according to claim 1,
The first mixture further comprises a fermenting agent, a method for producing a feed for perforated insects. The method according to claim 1,
The second mixture further comprises an additive comprising at least one of a milling by-product, a fermenting agent, organic lime, fish meal, chicken meal, tofu bean curd, and brown sugar. The method according to claim 1,
The weight ratio of the fermented first mixture of step b) and oak sawdust is 1:1 to 1:10, the method for producing a feed for perforated insects. Produced by the manufacturing method according to claim 1, feed for perforated insects. A perforated insect breeding kit comprising the feed for perforated insects according to claim 11.