KR20200065784A - 세슘 이온 흡착제, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 세슘 이온 제거 방법 - Google Patents
세슘 이온 흡착제, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 세슘 이온 제거 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20200065784A KR20200065784A KR1020180152592A KR20180152592A KR20200065784A KR 20200065784 A KR20200065784 A KR 20200065784A KR 1020180152592 A KR1020180152592 A KR 1020180152592A KR 20180152592 A KR20180152592 A KR 20180152592A KR 20200065784 A KR20200065784 A KR 20200065784A
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- cesium ion
- graphene oxide
- cesium
- ion adsorbent
- adsorbent
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- NCMHKCKGHRPLCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium(1+) Chemical compound [Cs+] NCMHKCKGHRPLCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- -1 cesium ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001417 caesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);iron(3+);octadecacyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960003351 prussian blue Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000013225 prussian blue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910014033 C-OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910014570 C—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cs+] AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001095 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FJAAKDGALOFQSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K].[Ni] Chemical compound [K].[Ni] FJAAKDGALOFQSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001493 electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- UETZVSHORCDDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] UETZVSHORCDDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004375 physisorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012492 regenerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001338 self-assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28023—Fibres or filaments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3242—Layers with a functional group, e.g. an affinity material, a ligand, a reactant or a complexing group
- B01J20/3285—Coating or impregnation layers comprising different type of functional groups or interactions, e.g. different ligands in various parts of the sorbent, mixed mode, dual zone, bimodal, multimodal, ionic or hydrophobic, cationic or anionic, hydrophilic or hydrophobic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3291—Characterised by the shape of the carrier, the coating or the obtained coated product
- B01J20/3293—Coatings on a core, the core being particle or fiber shaped, e.g. encapsulated particles, coated fibers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/34—Regenerating or reactivating
- B01J20/3416—Regenerating or reactivating of sorbents or filter aids comprising free carbon, e.g. activated carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/34—Regenerating or reactivating
- B01J20/345—Regenerating or reactivating using a particular desorbing compound or mixture
- B01J20/3475—Regenerating or reactivating using a particular desorbing compound or mixture in the liquid phase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/12—Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/006—Radioactive compounds
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
도 2a 는 습식 알칼리 금속염 수용액 방사를 통해 얻은 탄소섬유의 모습 (왼쪽)이며, 이를 Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy Mapping 으로 관찰한 것으로, 탄소와 산소 그리고 소디윰으로 이루어져 있는 섬유표면 (오른쪽)을 나타낸 것이다.
또한, 도 2b는 Scanning Electron Microscope (전자현미경) 으로 관찰한 것으로서, 2차원 구조의 산화 그래핀 (Graphene Oxide) 이 촘촘히 엮여 고형화가 되어있는 형태의 탄소 섬유의 모습을 나타낸 것이다.
도 3a 내지 3c은 합성된 탄소섬유의 화학구조를 보여주는 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)분석결과이다.
도 4a 내지 4c는 합성된 탄소섬유의 세슘 이온 흡착 실험결과를 나타낸 그래프이다.
Qe | Ci | Kd | t | |
mg·g-1 | ppm | mL·g-1 | h | |
GO-membrane on CaF2 a | 148.0 | 87.3 | - | 0.5~32 |
PSMGPBb | 213.9 | 177300 | 5.0*104 | 24 |
PB NPc | 127.7 | 13300 | 1.00*10 | 6 |
PAN-KNiCFd | 110.3 | 20~240 | 1.46*105 | 24 |
iron ferrite | 111.72 | 133~13300 | 8.15*102 | 24 |
Na-GO fiber | 150-200 | 100 | 1.64*103 | 0.2 |
Qe= equilibrium adsorption capacity. Ci = initial Cs+ concentration. Cf = final concentration. E = removal efficiency. t = sorption saturation time aCaF2 supported by graphene oxide membrane. bpectin-stabilized magnetic graphene oxide Prussian blue nanocomposites. cPrussian-Blue nano particle. dPAN-based potassium nickel hexacyanoferrate (II) composite spheres. eMagnetic iron ferrite composite. |
Claims (9)
- COO-M+로 표시되는 친수성기를 가지는 산화 그래핀 복합체;을 포함하고,
상기 M은 H, Li, Na, K, Rb 또는 4차 아민인, 세슘 이온 흡착제.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 M의 함량은 상기 산화 그래핀 복합체 전체 중량을 기준으로 1 내지 20 중량%인 것을 특징으로 하는, 세슘 이온 흡착제.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 세슘 이온 흡착제는 직경 100 내지 500 ㎛의 산화 그래핀 섬유인 것을 특징으로 하는, 세슘 이온 흡착제.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 산화 그래핀 복합체는 2차원의 다층 구조인 것을 특징으로 하는, 세슘 이온 흡착제.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 세슘 이온 흡착제의 제조방법으로서,
산화 그래핀을 합성하는 단계; 및
상기 산화 그래핀을 M+OH-로 표시되는 염을 포함하는 용액에 습식 방사하여 산화 그래핀 복합체를 합성하는 단계;를 포함하는 세슘 이온 흡착제의 제조방법.
(상기 M은 H, Li, Na, K, Rb 또는 4차 아민이다)
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 세슘 이온 흡착제를 이용하여, 세슘 이온을 제거하는 단계;를 포함하는, 세슘 이온 제거 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서,
상기 세슘 이온을 제거하는 단계는 수용액 상에서 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는, 세슘 이온 제거 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서,
상기 세슘 이온 제거 방법은,
상기 세슘 이온 흡착제를 M+OH-로 표시되는 수용액에 담지하여 재생하는 단계;를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 세슘 이온 제거 방법.
(상기 M은 H, Li, Na, K, Rb 또는 4차 아민이다.)
- 제6항에 있어서,
상기 세슘 이온 제거 방법은, 초기 농도 100 ppm을 기준으로, 10분 내에 160mg/g에 도달하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 세슘 이온 제거 방법.
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Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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