KR20180077851A - Apparatus and method for mass treatment of organic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is an apparatus for mass-treating organic waste, enabling economically feasible and efficient treatment of organic waste which is a mixture of food waste and sewage sludge. To this end, the apparatus includes a hopper, a vertical agitator-type disposer, a screw dryer, a temperature sensor and a moisture sensor, and a controller.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for mass-

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a waste mass processing apparatus, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for mass processing organic wastes.

Recently, organic wastes including food waste, sewage sludge, and livestock manure have been increasingly generated, and the regulations on the treatment methods are changing every year. In January 2005, it was decided that landfilling of food wastes would be prohibited, and sewage sludge (2012), livestock waste (2012), food waste (2013), waste water (2013) and waste water sludge Has been prohibited in the field of marine dumping. As a result, the organic waste has been reduced in weight by means of drying and dehydration, and has been recycled. However, food waste is generated in a state of high water due to the characteristic of food culture in Korea. There are many ways of disposing of food waste, such as landfill, incineration, marine dumping and resource reclamation. However, since food waste is directly buried and marine dumping is prohibited Various methods have been tried to replace this. Among these, incineration is incomplete combustion due to high moisture content, and there is concern about the emission of various harmful substances, so it is not easy to construct incinerator due to the concern of the residents about air pollution. Recycling of feedstuffs, composting, , Various foreign substances are not easy to feed and the feed is not easy due to the incidence of livestock diseases. Composting is a method of collecting the soil of the salt which is especially contained in food waste in Korea and the other components There is a negative view on the compost product produced by the absorption failure or lack of the nutrients of the crop, so that the consumption of the manufactured compost product is not active. In addition, biogas production by food waste is facing many difficulties due to the content and quality of produced gas. Conventional techniques for treating sewage sludge include drying, solidification, incineration, melting, carbonization, composting, fueling, landfill, and utilization as earthworms, but water after dehydration removes moisture due to high water content of 83% There is an urgent need for an effective water reducing technology that is economical because of excessive energy cost, bad odor and complicated facilities. Korean Patent Publication No. 2005-00024470 discloses a food garbage disposal apparatus having a screw rotating and stirring function.

However, in the case of the prior art, the bottom of the treatment apparatus is flat and the food waste is supplied to the screw by the agitating action of the auxiliary stirring blades. However, during the treatment of large capacity, frequent failure and high moisture content And problems such as inefficiency in the processing of the substrate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for efficiently performing mass destruction regardless of the type of organic waste. However, these problems are exemplary and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hopper comprising: a hopper into which organic waste is introduced; A vertical stirring agitator for fermenting and stirring the organic waste using a fermenting microorganism in a cylindrical body; A heater for heating the organic waste supplied from the hopper to a high temperature while being transferred to the vertical agitator; A water vapor outlet for discharging water vapor generated in the heater; And a screw dryer having an inlet and an outlet of cooling water and having a cooler for cooling the heated organic waste, the screw dryer controlling the water content of the organic waste; A temperature sensor and a moisture sensor for sensing the internal temperature and the internal moisture of the vertical type agitator-type extinction device, respectively; And a controller for controlling the temperature sensor and the moisture sensor.

According to another aspect of the present invention, organic wastes supplied through a hopper are transferred to a vertical type agitator using a screw drier while being heated to a high temperature of 120 to 140 ° C. by using a heater to remove free water, And a dewatering process for reducing the water content of the organic waste by evaporating the combined water and then cooling the heated organic waste with a cooler; And a fermentation process for solid-phase fermentation while controlling the temperature and moisture content while inoculating the fermenting microorganisms into the organic wastes with reduced water content and stirring the organic wastes.

According to one embodiment of the present invention as described above, it is possible to realize an effect of massively treating organic wastes, which is an organic waste that is a mixture of food waste and sewage sludge, efficiently and economically. Of course, the scope of the present invention is not limited by these effects.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view schematically showing the structure of an apparatus 100 for mass-processing organic wastes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating differences in free water, pore water, surface water, and combined water included in organic wastes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a photograph showing a state of a vertical stirring extinction device 500 kg / day in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Definition of Terms:

The term " organic waste " as used herein refers to wastes mainly composed of organic matter, among general and industrial wastes. Agricultural byproducts such as rice straw and barley straw, animal manure, human milk, bark, industrial wastewater sludge, food industry waste, and living sewage sludge. Organic waste is used as it is in the production of crops, and various obstacles may occur, and it is used by composting, composting and fermentation treatment.

The term " sewage sludge "as used herein refers to sludge that is generated in each step of sewage treatment and has a higher concentration of organic material than that of the recycled sludge. In a sewage treatment process such as an activated sludge process, raw sludge of the first sedimentation tank and waste sludge in the final sedimentation tank occur.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [

  According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hopper comprising: a hopper into which organic waste is introduced; A vertical stirring agitator for fermenting and stirring the organic waste using a fermenting microorganism in a cylindrical body; A heater for heating the organic waste supplied from the hopper to a high temperature while being transferred to the vertical agitator; A water vapor outlet for discharging water vapor generated in the heater; And a screw dryer having an inlet and an outlet of cooling water and having a cooler for cooling the heated organic waste, the screw dryer controlling the water content of the organic waste; A temperature sensor and a moisture sensor for sensing the internal temperature and the internal moisture of the vertical type agitator-type extinction device, respectively; And a controller for controlling the temperature sensor and the moisture sensor.

According to another aspect of the present invention, organic wastes supplied through a hopper are transferred to a vertical type agitator using a screw drier while being heated to a high temperature of 120 to 140 ° C. by using a heater to remove free water, And a dewatering process for reducing the water content of the organic waste by evaporating the combined water and then cooling the heated organic waste with a cooler; And a fermentation process for solid-phase fermentation while controlling the temperature and moisture content while inoculating the fermenting microorganisms into the organic wastes with reduced water content and stirring the organic wastes.

Recently, in order to properly treat organic wastes including food wastes and sewage sludge, it is very important how to treat the organic wastes such as food wastes and sewage sludge, Technically, the dehydration and drying technology of organic waste is a key issue. However, the dehydration technique developed to solve the above-mentioned problems still shows a high water content even after dewatering. Even in the case of the electro-osmotic system developed with the new technology recently, the operation cost is excessively expended and the general purpose other than sewage sludge (See Table 1).

Kinds Dehydration principle  Dehydration water content Remarks 1. Belt press Filter cloth 83% Excessive maintenance 2. Decanter Centrifugation 85% Excessive driving noise 3. Screw Press Screw compression force 70% Usage limit for paper mill 4. Filter press Compression force of filter cloth 70% Driving inconvenience 5. Electro Penetration Electrophoresis and osmosis 60% Spending on driving expenses

In the case of sewage sludge, it is in the state of dough with a small amount of foreign matter. However, in the case of food waste, since there are many rough foreign substances, it is impossible to apply the electrolytic dewatering method. Conventional dewatering methods (belt press, filter press, The inventors of the present invention have recognized that the above problems have been solved, and as a result, the inventors of the present invention have found that, regardless of the kind of the organic waste material, it is possible to use a screw dryer having a heater and a cooler And the water content was controlled to 70% outside of the extinction unit. Then, a constant amount of water was continuously supplied to the vertical agitator to develop a method for efficiently dissolving organic waste.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiments of the present invention are described in order to more fully explain the present invention to those skilled in the art, and the following embodiments may be modified into various other forms, It is not limited to the embodiment. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be more thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the thickness and size of each layer are exaggerated for convenience and clarity of explanation.

It is to be understood that throughout the specification, when an element such as a film, region or substrate is referred to as being "on", "connected to", "laminated" or "coupled to" another element, It will be appreciated that elements may be directly "on", "connected", "laminated" or "coupled" to another element, or there may be other elements intervening therebetween. On the other hand, when one element is referred to as being "directly on", "directly connected", or "directly coupled" to another element, it is interpreted that there are no other components intervening therebetween do. A uniform code refers to a uniform element. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed items.

Although the terms first, second, etc. are used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and / or portions, these members, components, regions, layers and / It is obvious that no. These terms are only used to distinguish one member, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Thus, a first member, component, region, layer or section described below may refer to a second member, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the present invention.

Also, relative terms such as "top" or "above" and "under" or "below" can be used herein to describe the relationship of certain elements to other elements as illustrated in the Figures. Relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in addition to those depicted in the Figures. For example, in the figures the elements are turned over so that the elements depicted as being on the top surface of the other elements are oriented on the bottom surface of the other elements. Thus, the example "top" may include both "under" and "top" directions depending on the particular orientation of the figure. If the elements are oriented in different directions (rotated 90 degrees with respect to the other direction), the relative descriptions used herein can be interpreted accordingly.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include singular forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, " comprise "and / or" comprising "when used herein should be interpreted as specifying the presence of stated shapes, numbers, steps, operations, elements, elements, and / And does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, operations, elements, elements, and / or groups.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings schematically showing ideal embodiments of the present invention. In the figures, for example, variations in the shape shown may be expected, depending on manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limited to the particular shapes of the regions shown herein, but should include, for example, changes in shape resulting from manufacturing.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view schematically showing the structure of an apparatus 100 for mass-processing organic wastes according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the apparatus for mass-processing organic wastes 100 includes a screw dryer 20 for continuously supplying and continuously supplying organic wastes having a high water content, and a vertical stirring agitator 10 for stirring and fermenting the supplied organic wastes ). As described above, the sewage sludge, which is an organic waste, is a conventional dehydration method such as a belt press or a screw press because the foreign matter contains a lot of rough foreign matters in the state of dough or food waste, There are many problems such as maintenance cost or driving noise for lowering. However, in the screw dryer 20 of the apparatus 10 for mass-processing organic wastes according to the present invention, the heater 21 and the cooler 23 are installed, so that the organic waste is fermented in the solid phase regardless of whether a raw material having a high water content, The water content is reduced by 10% or more. For example, in the case of mixed raw materials for food waste and sewage sludge, the water content is adjusted to 70%, and a certain amount of organic waste is continuously supplied to the vertical type agitator 10, And the organic waste may be food waste, sewage sludge or a mixture thereof, and the cooler may be a water jacket type cooler.

First, the process of treating organic wastes using the apparatus 100 for treating organic wastes according to the present invention will be described. The food wastes are transported to the fermentation process after the pulverization and dehydration process, but the sewage sludge is subjected to primary dehydration And is introduced into the sewage sludge storage tank, is subjected to second dehydration, and then transferred to the fermentation process. In other words, food waste having a high moisture content of 90% is separated from food waste and food wastes leachate by a collecting vehicle, and then is introduced into a food waste storage tank (not shown) after being transported, Process. On the other hand, the sewage sludge is introduced into a sewage sludge storage tank (not shown) by a conveying vehicle or a conveyor belt in the form of a sludge cake after a primary dewatering process is completed with a dehydrator at a public sewage treatment plant. Thereafter, the organic waste material in which the introduced food waste and sewage sludge are mixed at an appropriate ratio is conveyed to the hopper 30.

The transported organic waste mixed raw material flows into the screw dryer 20 according to the operation of the controller 80 and is continuously supplied to the vertical type agitator 10 through a dewatering process for reducing water content, First, the heater 21 installed in the screw dryer 20 provides a high temperature of 120 to 140 ° C. to the organic waste mixed raw material and rapidly heats the water vapor contained in the organic waste, . Through the heating process, the water content of the mixed raw material is greatly reduced, and not only the free water contained in the organic waste but also the pore water, the surface water, and the combined water, which are not easily evaporated, are deformed into a dehydratable state. FIG. 2 is a view explaining the difference between free water, pore water, surface water, and combined water which is included in organic waste and is difficult to completely remove by a conventional dewatering method. As shown in the figure, the number of binding water combined with various nutrients (proteins, fats, minerals) in the cell, pore water bound to the flocculant and the micro-soil, surface number in the microbial cytoplasm, 21), the organic wastes are heated to a temperature of 120 ° C or higher to deformation of various substances and cells to dehydrate to pore water, surface water, and bonding water, and then the water content is adjusted to 70% The raw material can be continuously supplied to the vertical type agitator-type extinction device 10 to be mass-destructed.

The cooling process is performed so that the cooling water flows into the cooling jacket 23 through the cooling water inlet 24 mounted on the upper part of the heater 21 to lower the temperature of the mixed raw material heated in the heating process to a level suitable for solid fermentation After cooling to 50 to 70 ° C, the cooling water is discharged through a cooling water outlet 25, and the cooled mixed raw material is fed to a vertical stirring agitator (not shown) according to the operation of the driving motor 50 and the controller 80 for the fermentation process. (10). Generally, food waste and sewage sludge organic waste mixed raw materials loaded from the hopper 30 are automatically and continuously supplied to the vertical type agitator 10 (in the range of 65-75% moisture content) by the screw dryer 20 . The control of humidity is also important for the dissolution of organic wastes. If the water content of the organic wastes stirred in the vertical agitator 10 is less than 40% or more than 60%, the solid phase fermentation can not be performed smoothly. Therefore, the water content of the raw material to be fed into the vertical agitator-type extinction device 10 is controlled through the moisture sensor 82.

As shown in the apparatus for performing the fermentation process through the inoculation of the fermenting microorganism by the introduction of the organic waste whose water content is reduced to 70% through the screw dryer 20, the vertical type agitator extinction apparatus 10 of the present invention, And the inner wall of the main body is made of a stainless steel material which can withstand various corrosive gases generated from mixed raw materials of salt and organic waste contained in food wastes of Korea . A driving motor 50 connected to one end of a shaft 40 for a fermentation process for rotationally driving the shaft 40 is mounted on the upper part of the vertical stirring extinction device 10, And a gas discharge port 70 for rapidly discharging odorless exhaust gas generated during the fermentation process. The other end of the shaft 40 is provided with a blower (not shown) for supplying air into the main body 60 are provided. The shaft 40 is installed in the vertical direction inside the cylindrical body formed with the plurality of air injection openings 43 in the form of a tube connected to the drive motor 50 in the vertical type agitator- And a screw leaf piece 42 which is formed in a spiral shape outside the shaft 40 and agitates while stirring the mixed raw materials charged upward from the lower side of the main body and surrounds the outside of the screw leaf piece 42, And an inner tube 41 in the vertical direction for separating the screw blade piece 42 is formed.

Generally, supplying air to the organic waste mixed raw material is an essential element in the fermentation process and plays a role of regulating the temperature or evaporating water. Conventionally, in the conventional organic waste treatment method, not only the raw material agitation and the air supply but also the air supply method in the fermenter, a method of rotating the gangue plate, which is a wing formed in four directions on the motor shaft, is mixed to feed the air from the gangway plate blade shaft . However, when the water content is high, depending on the rotation of the gauge plate, some anaerobic reaction occurs due to the non-uniformity of air supply only in the rotating part of the gauge plate. However, The air supply device of the present invention is configured such that the shaft 40 driven by the drive motor 50 is mixed in the reverse direction by the inner tube 41 and the screw blade piece 42, Air is uniformly injected through the air injection port 43 formed in the air passage 40 to induce aerobic culture. Accordingly, the air flows in a reverse direction from the bottom to the top, and organic wastes that have risen in reverse by the driving of the shaft 40 have a proper water content, and the extra water vapor and exhaust gas generated in the stirring process are discharged through the gas outlet 70 . However, since too much air supply interferes with the fermentation process, the current sensed by the temperature sensor 81 and the moisture sensor 82 regulates the speed of the blower 60 through the controller 80 and the screw dryer 20 ) To maintain the water content in the vertical agitator 10 at a level of 50 to 55%, thereby providing the optimum fermentation conditions by mixing the whole raw materials of the solid phase with the proper air while supplying the optimum water content . FIG. 3 is a photograph showing a state of the apparatus for mass-processing organic wastes 100 according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a view showing the structure of the apparatus for mass-processing organic wastes 100 equipped with the vertical type agitator 10, Respectively.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, Is provided to fully inform the user.

Example 1: Comparison of daily disappearance throughput of screw dryers

A biochip (250 kg) inoculated with fermenting microorganisms was added to 250 kg of food waste (water content 85%) discharged from a general household using the organic waste mass processing apparatus 100 according to the present invention, The weight difference of the input amount to the vertical type agitator-type extinction device 10 was confirmed.

As a result, as shown in the following Table 2, the water content of the raw material was 85% in the control and 70% in the experimental group, and the initial feed amount was 250 kg in both the control and the experimental group. However, the weight applied to the vertical agitator 10 was maintained at 250 kg in the control, but it was reduced to almost 127% in the experiment. This result was almost similar to the theoretical value, and it took about 24 hours for the control, but 15 hours for the control. It can be seen from the above results that the processing effect of the vertical stirring-type extinction device 10 due to the installation of the screw dryer 20 is very high.

Item Control Experimental Section Raw water content 85% 70% Temperature 20-30 ° C 120-140 DEG C Initial raw material input 250kg 250kg Extinction charge * 250kg 127kg Time to extinction 24 hours 15 hours

※ Basis for calculation of raw weight change by water content:

(1-initial water content) ㆇ (1-final water content) ㅧ Initial weight = final weight

(1-0.85) ㆇ (1-0.7) ㅧ 250kg = 125kg

As a result, in the organic waste disposal apparatus 100 of the present invention, the water content of the raw material having a high water content is adjusted to 70% by using a screw dryer equipped with a heater and a cooler, and then a certain amount of the raw water is supplied to a vertical agitator It can be applied to the mass destruction treatment of various organic wastes.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical idea of the appended claims.

100: Organic waste mass processing system
10: Vertical agitator
20: screw dryer
30: Hopper
40: Shaft
50: drive motor
60: blower
70: gas ejector
80:

Claims (2)

A hopper into which organic waste is introduced;
A vertical stirring agitator for fermenting and stirring the organic waste using a fermenting microorganism in a cylindrical body;
A heater for heating the organic waste supplied from the hopper to a high temperature while being transferred to the vertical agitator; A water vapor outlet for discharging water vapor generated in the heater; And a screw dryer having an inlet and an outlet of cooling water and having a cooler for cooling the heated organic waste, the screw dryer controlling the water content of the organic waste;
A temperature sensor and a moisture sensor for sensing the internal temperature and the internal moisture of the vertical type agitator-type extinction device, respectively; And
And a controller for controlling the temperature sensor and the moisture sensor. The organic waste supplied through the hopper is transferred to a vertical type agitator using a screw drier while being heated to a high temperature of 120 to 140 ° C. using a heater to evaporate free water, pore water, surface water, and combined water, A dewatering process that reduces the water content of the organic waste by cooling the organic waste with a cooler; And
And a fermentation process for solid-phase fermentation while controlling the temperature and moisture content while inoculating the fermentation microorganisms into the organic wastes with reduced water content.

Images