KR20180049816A - Method of constructing upper structure of bridge with controlling traverse deflection and attitude of beams using correcting bar and correcting nuts and upper structure by the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a superstructure of a bridge, and a construction method thereof. The superstructure of a bridge comprises: a plurality of girders including a first girder mounted on a substructure in a state where a first through hole is formed on an abdomen thereof, a second girder mounted on the substructure in a state where a second through hole is formed on an abdomen thereof, and a third girder mounted on the substructure in a state where a third through hole is formed on an abdomen thereof and arranged between the first girder and the second girder; a correction bar penetrating the first, the second, and the third through hole; a correction nut coupled to be supported on the correction bar to push one or more among the first girder, the second girder, and the third girder to correct one or more among lateral displacement and positions of the plurality of girders; and a bottom plate synthesized on a lower side of the girders while one or more among a position and an interval of one or more among the girders are corrected by the correction nut. A fall of a girder for a bridge is suppressed, and lateral displacement and an inclined position of the girder are corrected to exhibit a high load-bearing capacity.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of controlling lateral displacement of an upper girder of a bridge using a calibration bar and a calibration nut, and a bridge superstructure using the same. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention }

The present invention relates to an upper structure of a bridge and a method of constructing the same, more particularly, to a bridge overhead structure for compensating a lateral displacement generated during manufacture of a concrete girder and a posture of a girder, And a method of constructing the same.

Generally, as shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, a bridge is generally manufactured by making a girder 10 on the ground, and by using a crane or the like, the manufactured girder 10 is used as a bridge of a bridge structure 55 The bottom plate 20 on which the vehicle or the like travels is placed on the upper side of the girder 10 in a state of being mounted on the apparatus 55a.

The bridge 1 thus constructed is supported by the girder 20 mainly by a fixed load due to the weight of the girder 10 and the bottom plate 20 and a live load such as an automobile passing through the bottom plate 20 . The girder 10 is laterally connected by a beam (not shown) so that even if a large load is applied to any one of the girders 10 arranged in a plurality of rows or a component in the horizontal direction acts on the girder 10 , And the plurality of girders 10 bear the load together.

However, the bridge girder 10 may not be manufactured in a designed shape at the time of manufacture. In this case, the load-bearing ability of the girder 10 to withstand the load transmitted from the bottom plate 20 becomes lower than the designed value. For example, when a prestress is introduced into the bridge girder 10 by tensioning the bridge girder 10 so that the tension is applied to the tension member, even if the concrete casting process is performed correctly, 10 in the left-right direction around the vertical neutral axis.

In addition, when the bridge girder 10 is mounted so as to generate a slight eccentricity on the lower structure, since the bridge device on the bridge underground structure such as a pier or an alternate bridge supports the girder 10 including the elastic material, The posture of the welding girder 10 is also inclined.

Therefore, the girder 10 supporting the load transmitted from the bottom plate 20 can not support the load of the intended size due to the posture and the lateral strain. Further, as shown in Fig. 1B, the lateral distances Ea, Eb and Ec between the adjacent girders are not constant due to the lateral deformation or the inclined posture of the girder 10, It has been difficult to mount the precast deck 25, which limits the construction using the precast deck 25.

Accordingly, there is a need to calibrate the transverse strain of the girder 10, which is placed on the bridge substructure 55, in a linear form, and correct the tilted posture to an upright posture. On the other hand, in the process of correcting the deformation or posture of the girder 10, when the force of pushing or pulling the girder becomes large, the risk of the conduction of the girder 10 becomes large. Therefore, There is also a growing need to eliminate risk.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method of correcting an incorrect posture generated in the process of transverse deformation and girder erection generated in the process of manufacturing a bridge overhead structure by using a girder And it is intended to realize a high load bearing capacity.

It is another object of the present invention to realize safe installation by suppressing the conduction of the girder in the course of correcting the lateral displacement and posture of the girder which is placed on the lower structure.

Above all, the present invention makes it possible to simultaneously perform the action of suppressing the conduction of the bridge and the action of correcting the posture and the transverse strain of the bridge by using the calibration bar which penetrates the girder of the bridge in all the lateral directions, thereby improving the workability And to secure the load-carrying capacity stably.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is characterized in that, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is characterized in that a first girder is fixed on a lower structure with a first through hole formed in its abdomen, a second girder is fixed on a lower structure with a second through- A plurality of girders including a third girder arranged on the lower structure with a third through-hole formed in the abdomen, the third girder arranged between the first girder and the second girder; A calibration bar passing through the first through-hole, the second through-hole, and the third through-hole; And a calibration nut for supporting at least one of the lateral strain and the posture of the plurality of girders by pushing at least one of the first girder, the second girder, and the third girder, Wow; A bottom plate synthesized on the upper side of the girder in a state where at least one of the posture and the gap of at least one of the girders is corrected by the calibration nut; Thereby providing a bridge superstructure.

This has the function of directly supporting the conduction of the bridge girder by directly passing through the through holes of the plurality of girders placed on the substructure so as to suppress the conduction of the bridge girder directly and by pushing the girder by tightening with the correcting nut fastened to the straightening bar, So that it is possible to simultaneously perform lateral deformation and posture correction.

This makes it possible to safely calibrate the deformation state and posture of the girder by using the calibrating bar even if transverse deformation occurs in a bridge girder which is mounted on a bridge structure such as a bridge pier or an alternating bridge or in a tilted posture, It is possible to obtain an advantageous effect of minimizing the risk of conduction of the girder that may be generated by the calibration bar.

Here, the first through-hole, the second through-hole, and the third through-hole are arranged in a line in a direction perpendicular to the throttling axis, and the calibration bar is formed in a straight line. This makes it easier to install the calibration bar.

Here, the calibration bar is disposed at the center of the span of the girders so that the calibration process of the girder can be more accurately performed at the position where the lateral strain of the girder is most largely generated.

The calibration nut is provided on both sides of the third abdomen so that the position and the posture of the third girder relative to the first girder and the position and posture of the third girder relative to the second girder can be calibrated together. A metal plate is provided on a surface of at least one of the girders on which the calibration nut is brought into contact so that a force pushing in the lateral direction with respect to the girder can be more accurately introduced by the calibration nut, And the calibration nut are brought into contact with each other so that the concrete is not damaged.

At least one of the girders may be formed of a concrete girder and includes a steel composite girder including concrete.

It is preferable that the calibration bars are disposed on the abdomen of the girder in two or more in the vertical direction. In this way, when the girder is tilted to one side, there is a displacement of pushing the girder with the calibration nut of the upper calibration bar and a deviation of the displacement pushing the girder by the calibration nut of the lower calibration bar, It is possible to obtain an effect that calibration is smoothly performed.

And the calibration bar and the girder may be permanently integrated by the beam in a state where at least one of the posture and the gap of the girder is corrected by the calibration nut. Whereby the load supported by the beam can be supported with a higher rigidity by the calibrating bar.

Here, the calibrating bar is formed as a hollow cylindrical cross section and acts as a structural member, so that the load transmitted from the bottom plate can be supported with a high flexural rigidity while minimizing the amount of steel used.

On the other hand, after the bottom plate is synthesized on the upper side of the girder, the calibration nut and the calibration bar may be configured to be removed from the bridge superstructure. As a result, the calibration nut and the calibration bar can be reused for the construction of other bridges.

Meanwhile, in order to facilitate the process of inserting the calibration bar with the calibration nut inserted into the through hole of the girder, the calibration bar may be formed by combining two or more segment calibration bars.

The girders may be formed in four or more rows including a fourth girder in addition to the first girder, the second girder, and the third girder. For example, the girder may further include a fourth girder formed in a fourth through hole through which the calibrating bar passes, wherein the calibration nut provided on at least one of both sides of the abdomen of the fourth girder, One or more of the posture and the lateral strain may be corrected.

On the other hand, a transition preventing member installed on the girder and preventing conduction during the correction of at least one of lateral strain and posture of the girder; And may be additionally configured. This makes it possible to more reliably prevent the conduction during the correction of the posture and the lateral strain of the girder by the conduction preventing material in addition to the prevention of the conduction by the calibrating bar.

For example, the anti-collapse member may include: a fixing bar that crosses at least two upper surfaces of the girders in a direction perpendicular to the throat; An engaging member for contacting and supporting the upper flange of the girder in the direction of conduction of the girder; And the like.

Alternatively, the anti-collapse member may include a ring stud protruding upward from the upper surface of two or more of the girders; A fixing bar passing through the ring stud; .

Here, the anti-reflection member is disposed at any one of both ends of the girder in the throttle direction so as not to interfere with the structure for calibrating the lateral strain and posture of the girder at the center of the span, Even if the force is large, it can be prevented from being conducted.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of constructing an upper structure of a bridge, comprising the steps of: providing a first girder having a first through hole in its abdomen, a second girder having a second through hole in its abdomen, A girder mounting step of mounting a plurality of girders including a third girder having a through hole on a bridge substructure, the third girder being mounted between the first girder and the second girder; A calibration bar mounting step in which the calibration bar is installed so that the calibration bar passes through the first through hole, the second through hole, and the third through hole; The first and second girders are pushed out of the first girder, the second girder, and the third girder by tightening the calibration nut to be supported by the calibration bar and adjusting the tightening position with respect to the calibrating bar, A girder calibrating step of calibrating at least one of the girders; A bottom plate synthesizing step of synthesizing a bottom plate on the upper side of the girder in a state where at least one of the posture and the gap of at least one of the girders is corrected by the calibration nut; Thereby providing a method of constructing the bridge superstructure.

Here, the step of installing the conduction preventing material for preventing the conduction of the girder is performed before the girder correction step is performed; In addition, conduction of the girder can be prevented even if a large force is introduced laterally into the girder while the girder correction step is performed.

Further, at least two of the calibration bars are arranged in the vertical direction of the girder, so that the effect of correcting the posture of the girder in an upright state can be obtained.

Meanwhile, in the girder correction step, the lateral strains and the transverse strains for the B-girder whose posture is out of the permissible range among the plurality of girders are selected from the plurality of girders based on the A- It is desirable to correct at least one of the posture and the posture. This makes it possible to more easily and accurately calibrate the posture and lateral strain of the erroneously mounted B-girder relative to the A-girder.

If the B-girder is two or more in the direction orthogonal to the throttling axis, the B-1 girder which is closer to the A-girder is calibrated before, and then the B- 2 girders are calibrated and the B girders are calibrated so as to be supported on a plurality of normally held girder girders within the allowable range so that the attitude or lateral strain of the girder A supporting the girders in the calibration process of the girder B is additionally generated Can be minimized.

On the other hand, in the case where there is no A-girder in which the transverse deformation and posture are within the permissible values among the plurality of girders and only the B-girder in which the transverse deformation or posture is out of the allowable range exists among the plurality of girders, It is preferable to perform the girder correction step so as to calibrate the lateral strains or postures of the B-girder in the order close to the first Be girder after first calibrating the first Be girder located at the outermost position. This makes it possible to perform girder calibration sequentially around the outermost girder which is easily accessible by the operator.

The term "transverse neutral axis" in this specification and claims refers to a neutral axis in the lateral direction perpendicular to the gravity (relative to the center axis of the girder if the material distribution of the girder is uniform) define. That is, in the present specification and claims, 'transverse direction' refers to a direction perpendicular to the throat of a bridge, and in the present specification and claims, 'longitudinal direction' means a direction in which the bridge is moved in the throttling direction ).

As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of through-holes arranged in a direction orthogonal to a throttling axis are previously formed in a plurality of girders that are placed on a bridge substructure, and a calibration By applying a force in the lateral direction to the girder by tightening with a nut, one or more of the posture of the girder and the lateral deformation are corrected and the effect of realizing a more reliable load-carrying ability is realized as the girder is erected in the correct posture .

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention In the present invention, since a calibration bar penetrating a plurality of girders in a transverse direction is provided to perform the calibration work of the girders, it is easy to install the calibration bars, and in the course of introducing the force pushing the girders, So that an advantageous effect of enabling safer and quicker construction can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, by introducing an orthogonal force to the girder in the lateral direction by tightening the calibration nut supported by the calibration bar, it is possible to correctly correct lateral strain and tilted posture with a finer displacement than the pitch interval of the thread of the calibration nut , It is possible to obtain an effect that elaborate girder calibration becomes possible.

Further, according to the present invention, since the calibration bar is formed into a hollow circular cross section and formed to have sufficient rigidity, and the installation position of the calibration bar is set at the installation position of the cross beam and is embedded in the cross beam, It is possible to secure the rigidity in the transverse direction to a higher level, thereby enhancing the safety of the bridge upper structure.

On the other hand, according to the present invention, it is possible to separate the calibration bar and the calibration nut from each other, apply only to the construction of the bridge, disassemble it, and apply it to the construction of other bridges.

As described above, according to the present invention, even if transverse deformation occurs in a bridge girder which is mounted on a lower structure such as a bridge pier or an alternating bridge, or when the bridge is mounted in a tilted posture, the deformation state and posture of the girder can be safely and quickly It is possible to obtain the effect of ensuring safety by calibrating and minimizing the risk of conduction of the girder that may occur during the calibration process.

FIG. 1A is a view showing a structure for mounting a girder to a lower structure for general bridge construction;
1B is a cross-sectional view of the completed general bridge superstructure,
FIG. 2 is a flowchart sequentially illustrating a method of constructing a bridge superstructure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
3 is a perspective view showing an example of a girder for a bridge used in the construction of the bridge overhead structure of Fig. 2,
Fig. 4 is a view showing a construction for pulling up and mounting the bridge girder of Fig. 3 on the lower structure, Fig.
5 is a view showing a configuration in which a calibration bar and a calibration nut are installed in a through hole of a girder which is fixed to a lower structure,
Figs. 6A and 6C are cross-sectional views showing a state in which a conductive material is provided at both ends of a girder which is fixed to a lower structure; Fig.
FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of an AA section of FIG. 6A,
Figs. 7A to 7C are plan views showing a step of calibrating a girder,
8 is a cross-sectional view showing a bottom plate construction using a precast bottom plate,
Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the bottom plate and the cross-
10 is a view showing a configuration of a calibration bar according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the subject matter of the present invention.

3 is a perspective view illustrating an example of a girder for a bridge used in the construction of the bridge overhead structure shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a bridge girder used in the construction of the bridge overhead structure shown in Fig. Fig. 5 is a view showing a construction in which a calibration bar and a calibration nut are installed in through holes of a girder which is mounted on a lower structure. Fig. 5 is a view showing a construction for lifting the bridge girder of Fig. FIGS. 6A and 6C are cross-sectional views showing a state in which a conductive material is provided at both ends of a girder which is fixed to the lower structure. FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of an AA section of FIG. 6A. FIGS. Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a bottom plate construction using a precast deck. Fig. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the construction of the bottom plate and the cross beams, and FIG. 10 is a view showing the configuration of the calibration bar according to another embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the drawings, the upper structure 100 of a bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted on a plurality of columns on a coordinate system 55a of a lower structure 55 of a bridge, 1102, 1103, 1104; 110 formed with the holes 1111, 1112, 1113, 1114; 111, and a calibration bar (not shown) inserted and inserted through the through hole 111 of the bridge girder 110 A calibration nut 130 which is supported in the state of being supported by the calibration bar 120 so as to exert an orthogonal force to push the girder 110 in the horizontal direction, And a bottom plate 150 which is combined with the upper side of the girder 111 and through which the vehicle travels.

As shown in FIG. 3, the girder 110 is a concrete girder in which a reinforcing bar is internally disposed, and a tensile force is applied to the tensile member 114 in a parabolic shape in a concrete girder, And may be a prestressed concrete (PSC) girder in which a compressive prestress is introduced into the concrete portion.

In other words, the girder 110 can be folded in a parabolic shape convex downward, and a plurality of tensile members 114 can be passed through the lower hearth at the center of the span of the girder about the lateral neutral axis of the girder At least some of the straining material 114 may be disposed at spaced apart locations. Here, the tension members 114 are arranged on the vertical neutral axis (imaginary line in the vertical direction transverse to the center portion of the girder cross section) at both ends of the girder. However, since the tension member 114 is arranged so as to pass through the lower side of the girder, Are arranged to pass through the eccentric path. Accordingly, even if tensile force of the same size is introduced for each tensile member 114, tensile force acts on one side of the concrete girder with respect to the longitudinal neutral axis, and the concrete girder becomes deformed in the lateral direction.

Meanwhile, the girder 10 is not limited to a concrete girder or a prestressed concrete girder, and may be a steel composite girder in which a casing concrete is synthesized on a partial cross section of the steel girder. Even in the case of the steel composite girder, deformation in the transverse direction may occur in the process of introducing the tensile force into the tensile material.

A through hole 111 is formed in a transverse direction at the abdomen of the girder 110 at the center of the span. The steel plate 112 may be formed around the through-hole. In this case, the positions of the through holes 111 of the girder 110 forming the upper structure of the bridge are all formed at the same position so that the straight-type calibrating bar 120 penetrates a plurality of transversely mounted girders 110 .

Only one through hole 111 formed in the span of the span of the girder 10 may be formed, but two or more through holes 111 are preferably formed vertically in order to correct the tilted posture of the girder 10.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a bracing member may be additionally provided between the transversely adjacent girders 110, or a fixing unit (not shown) for fixing the bracing member may be provided on the girder.

Although the cross section of the girder 110 is shown in a rectangular cross section for the sake of convenience, the girder 110 may have an I-shaped cross section including an upper flange and a lower flange of the girder. That is, the present invention is not limited by the cross-sectional shape of the girder.

Hereinafter, the first girder 1101 and the second girder 1102 are disposed on the outermost side for convenience, and the third girder 1103 and the fourth girder 1104 are disposed between the first girder 1102 and the second girder 1102 .

As shown in FIG. 5, the calibration bar 120 includes a through hole (not shown) formed in the abdomen of the bridge girder 1101, 1102, 1103, 1104, (1111, 1112, 1113, 111; 111).

Although the drawing shows a configuration in which one calibration bar 120 penetrates all four girder through-holes 111, the present invention is not limited to this, and one calibration bar 120 may be provided in some of the four rows of girders The through hole 111 may be formed through the through hole 111. [ In this case, in order to connect the four rows of girders arranged in the transverse direction to the calibrating bar 120, two or more calibrating bars may be arranged in a zigzag form (for example, the first calibrating bar may be formed of a first girder 1101 to a fourth girder And the second calibration bar connects the third girder 1103 to the second girder 1120).

The calibration nut 130 is connected to the calibration bar 130 while being supported by the calibration bar 120 so that the calibration nut 130 is fixed to the calibration bar 120. [ ) To the girth 110, it is possible to introduce the lateral force correction force P into the girder 110. [ In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in consideration of the lateral deformation amount of the girder 110, the calibration nut 120 is provided on both sides of the girder 110, A screw thread is formed in a region where the screw 130 can be positioned, so that the fastening time of the calibration nut 130 can be reduced in the calibration bar 120.

Meanwhile, the calibration bar 120 may be disposed so as to penetrate the bridge girder 110 at one height, but it is preferable that at least two bridge girders 110 are disposed at different heights of the girder 110 as shown in FIG. 5 Do. Thus, the process of correcting the inclined third girder 1103 and the fourth girder 1104 in an upright posture with a difference in degree of tightening with the correcting nut 130 in the upper calibration bar and the lower calibration bar is very simple Can be obtained.

The calibration bar 120 may be formed as a single body so as to penetrate the plurality of girders 110. However, as shown in FIG. 10, the calibration bar 120 'may include at least two segment calibration bars 120m, As shown in FIG. That is, the plurality of segment calibration bars 120m includes an insertion portion 120b formed with a male screw thread and a receiving portion 120f formed with a female screw thread to be fastened to the insertion portion 120b, The through hole 111 of the girder 10 is inserted while being fastened to the bar 120m and the insertion portion 120b and the receiving portion 120f are fastened to each other to connect the segment correcting bar 120m to one body The assembled calibration bar 120 'can be formed. It is possible to obtain an advantageous effect that it is easy to install between the girders 110 of the calibration nut 130 which does not pass through the through hole 111 of the girder 110. [

5, when the calibration bar 120 is installed to penetrate the through hole 111 of the girder 110 transversely, the calibration bar 120 interferes with the conduction direction of the girder 110, The effect of preventing the girder 110 from being conducted by the calibration bar 120 can be obtained. For this purpose, the calibration bar 120 is preferably formed of a material having a high flexural rigidity (e.g., a metallic material such as steel).

In this state, when the calibration bar 120 is installed to penetrate the girder 110, the calibration nut 130 supported by the calibration bar 120 is rotated 130r to introduce a clamping force to the girder abdomen The lateral force of the girder 110 can be linearly corrected by correcting the tilted posture of the girder 110 to the upright posture by introducing the correcting force F in the lateral direction of the girder 110, It is possible to prevent the risk of conduction by the interference between the calibration bar 120 and the through hole 111 in the process of introducing the correction force P in the lateral direction.

On the other hand, the calibration bar 120 can be reused after being separated from the girder 110 after correcting the posture and lateral strain of the girder 110. As described above, the economical efficiency can be increased by reusing the calibration bar 120. On the other hand, the calibration bar 120 is formed of a structural member having a sufficiently large diameter and a thickness, and is applied in such a manner that it is embedded in the beam 115 connecting the girder 110 in the lateral direction as shown in Fig. 9 . For example, the calibration bar 120 may have a diameter of 100 mm to 200 mm and a thickness of 3 mm to 20 mm. As a result, the load bearing capacity of the cross beam 115 is improved in the bridge superstructure 100, so that the load carrying ability for supporting the load transmitted from the bottom plate 150 and the load transmitting characteristic in the lateral direction can be improved have.

The anti-reflection member 140 is installed on at least one of both ends of the girder 110 to prevent conduction during calibration of at least one of lateral strain and posture of the girder 110. [ The anti-reflection material 140 may be installed at the end of the girder 110 to avoid interference with the calibration bar 120, thereby facilitating the construction. The anti-collapse material 140 can prevent the conduction of the girder 110 by the calibrating bar 120, but can be applied in the calibrating step of the girder as an additional safety measure. To this end, the anti-collapse member 140 is installed before the correction force P in the lateral direction is introduced by the calibration nut 130, and is separated before the bottom plate 150 is assembled on the upper side of the girder.

As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the anti-reflection material 140 includes a fixing bar 141 that crosses the upper surface of two or more girders 110 in a direction perpendicular to the throttling axis, And an engaging member 142 extending downward to interfere with the upper flange of the girder 110.

Here, as shown in FIG. 6B, the engaging member 142 may be formed by joining a steel plate extending downward from the fixing bar 141 with a weld 44. The engaging members 142 may be provided to be in contact with both side surfaces of the girder 110, but may be spaced apart by a predetermined distance c for ease of installation. Here, the predetermined distance "c" is a predetermined distance "c", which allows easy attachment of the engaging member 141 of the anti-reflective member 140 to the girder 110, permits displacement required for correcting the posture and lateral strain of the girder 110, Is determined by the dimension that interferes with the conduction locus of the girder 110. [

The anti-collapse material 140 may be configured to prevent the four rows of girders from being conducted by placing four rows of girders 110 between the locking bars 142 extending downward from one fixing bar 141, As shown in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7A, in order to prevent the girder 110 from being conducted in two rows by one fixing bar 141.

6C, a stud 242 having a ring formed on the upper side of the girders 1101, 1102, 1104, 1103; 110 is provided in advance, and the ring-shaped stud 242 And the fixing bar 241 is inserted into the ring of the fixing bar 241. [ Since the ring-shaped stud 242 serves as a shear connector embedded in the bottom plate concrete at the time of construction of the bottom plate 150, the installation and disassembly of the fixing bar 241 is facilitated, At the same time, the effect of assisting the synthesis of the bottom plate 150 and the girder 110 can be obtained.

As described above, the state in which the girder 110 is mounted on the lower structure of the bridge pier or the like is in the state of lateral strain or inclination as shown in Figs. 5 and 7A, so that the distances E1, E1, E1 are not intended values at the time of designing, the calibration nut 130 supported on the calibrating bar 120 is rotated 130r to introduce the lateral correction force P in the abdomen of the girder, By correcting the posture and the lateral strain, it is possible to maintain the linear shape in the throttling direction and calibrate in the upright posture as shown in Figs. 8 and 7C.

The pre-cast bottom plate 155 having a constant width L can be formed in a state in which the bottom plates 150 can be constructed in a state where the intervals Ca, Cb, Cc between the girders 110 are uniformly adjusted. So that it is possible to obtain an effect that the installation of the bottom plate 150 is facilitated.

Hereinafter, a construction method (S100) of the bridge superstructure according to the present invention constructed as above will be described in detail.

Step 1 : As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of girders 110 having through-holes 111 formed at the center of the span of the girder 110 are prepared (S110). The girder 110 may be formed of various types of girders such as a concrete girder, a prestressed concrete girder, and a steel composite girder.

Step 2 : Thereafter, as shown in Fig. 4, the girder 110 is pulled up by the crane 80 to place the girder 110 in the plurality of columns (not shown) in the calibration apparatus 55a of the bridge substructure 55, (S120).

That is, a first girder 1101 having a first through hole 1111 formed in the abdomen and a second girder 1102 having a second through hole 1112 formed in the abdomen are disposed on the outermost side, A third girder 1103 having a third through hole 1113 formed therein and a fourth girder 1104 having a fourth through hole 1114 formed at the abdomen thereof.

Some of the girders (the third girder and the fourth girder in Fig. 4) are mounted in a tilted posture, and some girders (the second girder and the third girder in Fig. 7A) The transverse deformation is held in a state in which the allowable range is exceeded.

Step 3 : Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the calibration bar 120 is installed so as to pass through the through hole 111 formed at the center of the span of the girder 110 in the lateral direction, A calibration nut 130 is disposed (S130). Here, for convenience, the calibration nut 130 is shown as being disposed on both sides of the girder 110, but two or more calibration nuts 130 may be provided in the form of a double lock.

The through holes 111 may be formed in the abdomen of the girder 110 through one through hole 111. However, as shown in the figure, two or more through holes 111 may be formed at different vertical heights. In this case, the calibration bars 120 may be installed in two or more through holes of different heights.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 10, the calibration bar 120 is configured to connect bars 120m of a plurality of segmented shapes, thereby facilitating the installation.

Step 4 : Subsequently, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6C, in the process of providing the anti-reflective members 140 and 240 at both ends of the girder 110 and correcting the lateral strain and posture of the girder 110 It is possible to reliably prevent the conduction of the girder 110 even if the correction force P applied to the girder 110 in the lateral direction is large.

6A is provided so as to extend over the upper surface of the girder, and the anti-reflection material 240 shown in Fig. 6C has a ring-shaped stud 242 formed in advance on the upper surface of the girder, (241).

Step 5 : Thereafter, as shown in FIGS. 7A to 7C, the tightening position of the calibration nut 130 with respect to the calibration bar 120 is adjusted so as to adjust the tightening force to push one or more of the girders 110 P), the calibration process is performed for the girder in which the posture and the lateral strain exceed the allowable standard (S140).

The calibration process is based on the assumption that a plurality of girders are transversely deformed and the posture is out of tolerance among a plurality of girders on the basis of a girder A (a normal girder is referred to as a "girder A" It is desirable to correct at least one of lateral strain and posture with respect to the B girder. That is, according to the configuration illustrated in FIG. 7A, the transverse deformation of the fourth girder 1104 corresponds to the A-girder within the permissible range, and the first girder 1101, the second girder 1102, 1103 are out of the permissible range.

Therefore, lateral strains of the second girder 1102 and the third girder 1103 adjacent to the fourth girder 1104 are corrected.

5, the calibration nut 130 on both sides of the abdomen of the fourth girder 1104 is placed on the right side of the fourth girder 1104, The tilt posture of the fourth girder 1104 is corrected to an upright posture. To this end, the upper and lower calibration nuts located on the left side (on the basis of Fig. 5) of the abdomen of the fourth girder 1104 are located at positions spaced from the abdomen of the fourth girder (a position in contact with the right side of the abdomen in the upright position) The upper and lower calibration nuts located on the right side (based on Fig. 5) of the abdomen of the fourth girder 1104 are pushed (130r). Since the steel plate 112 is disposed in the vicinity of the through hole 111 of the girder 110 so that the correction force P by the calibration nut 130 presses the abdominal steel plate 112, Despite the friction between the girders 110, the abdominal concrete of the girder 110 does not break and maintains its integrity.

In this manner, the orthogonal force of the abdomen of the fourth girder 1104 is applied to the left by the tightening force of the upper and lower side correcting nuts, the fourth girder 1104 rotates in the direction indicated by Ra, Posture. In this state, all the calibration nuts 130 disposed on both sides of the fourth girder 1104 are in a state of being in close contact with the abdomen of the fourth girder 1104. [

Then, lateral strains of the B-girders (i.e., the second girder and the third girder) adjacent to the fourth girder 1104 erected upright in accordance with the allowable range are corrected. To this end, the correction force P in the lateral direction is applied by tightening the calibration nut 1302e located outside the second girder 1102 disposed at the outermost position. As a result, the abdomen of the second girder 1102 is transversely deformed in the direction indicated by 2d, and the amount of deformation that has been transversely deformed outward is corrected within an allowable range. The posture and deformation state of the second girder 1102 are fixed by tightening the calibration nut 130 located on both sides of the abdomen of the second girder 1102. Accordingly, the interval between the fourth girder 1104 and the second girder 1102 is corrected from E2 to C2.

Then, the transverse deformation of the fourth girder 1104 erected upright in accordance with the allowable range and the transverse deformation of the second B girder (that is, the third girder) adjacent thereto is made to be supported by the second girder 1102. That is, the calibration nut 1303e located on one side where the transverse deformation direction of the third girder 1103 is concave is sufficiently released and the third nut 1103 is clamped on the other side where the lateral deformation direction of the third girder 1103 is convex Thereby applying an orthogonal force P in the lateral direction. As a result, the abdomen of the third girder 1103 is transversely deformed in the direction indicated by 3d, and the deformation amount of the transverse deformation is corrected to within the allowable range.

Since the third girder 1103 is stationary in the right tilted posture as shown in FIG. 5, the third girder 1103 is fixed to the third girder 1103 by using the calibration nut 130 on both sides of the third girder 1103 1103 at the same time in an upright posture. To this end, the upper and lower calibration nuts located on the left side (on the basis of Fig. 5) of the abdomen of the third girder 1103 are released to a position spaced from the abdomen of the third girder (a position in contact with the right side of the abdomen in the upright state) The upper and lower calibration nuts located on the right side of the abdomen of the third girder 1103 (on the basis of FIG. 5) are tightened (130r), and the correction force P in the lateral direction 3 Calibrates the lateral strain of the girder 1103 while correcting the attitude of the third girder 1103 to the upright state.

Finally, as shown in Fig. 7B, the first girder 1101 is provided with a first girder 1102 (i.e., a second girder 1102, a third girder 1103, and a fourth girder) Girder 1104) to correct the transverse strain of the adjacent B-girder (i.e., first girder). That is, the calibration nut 1301i located on one side where the transverse deformation direction of the first girder 1101 is concave is fully released, and the clamping nut 1301e located on the other side where the lateral deformation direction of the first girder 1101 is convex Thereby applying an orthogonal force P in the lateral direction. As a result, the abdomen of the first girder 1101 is transversely deformed in the direction denoted by 1d, and the deformation amount of the transverse deformation is corrected to within the allowable range. Then, the posture and deformation state of the third girder 1103 are fixed by clamping the calibration nuts 1303i and 1303e located on both sides of the abdomen of the first girder 1101. Accordingly, the interval between the fourth girder 1104 and the third girder 1103 is corrected from E3 to C3.

On the other hand, although not shown in the drawings, in the case where the B-girders in which the amount of lateral displacement exceeds the permissible value are two or more in the direction perpendicular to the throttling axis (for example, the first girder and the third girder) The first B-1 girder (i.e., the third girder) is further calibrated and the second B-2 girder (i.e., the first girder) is calibrated It is possible to shorten the accuracy and the time required for calibration.

In addition, although not shown in the drawings, there is no A-girder in which a lateral strain and posture fall within an allowable range among a plurality of girders 110, and all of the plurality of girders have a transverse deformation or a B- (That is, one of the first girder and the second girder) located at the outermost position in the direction perpendicular to the throat, the girders in the order close to the first Be girder (i.e., It is effective to correct the lateral deformation amount and the posture sequentially in the third girder, the fourth girder, and the second girder when the first girder is calibrated first.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 7C, the girders 110 stuck on the lower structure are all in an upright posture within an allowable range, and the lateral deformation amount is also within a permissible range.

Step 6 : The calibration bar 120 and the calibration nut 130 used to calibrate the lateral displacement and posture of the girder 110 can be separated from the girder and reused in other construction sites. 9, the calibration bar 120 and the calibration nut 130 may be utilized as a structural member for supporting the cross beam 115 connecting the girder 110 in the lateral direction. That is, the cross bar 115 is installed in a form in which the calibration bar 120 and the calibration nut 130 are buried or excluded (S150).

Separately or simultaneously, the bottom plate 150 is synthesized on the upper side of the girder 110 (S160). Since the posture of the girder 110 is corrected to the upright state and the lateral strain is also corrected in the girder correction step of the step 5, the interval (C1, C2, C3) of the girder 110 is also kept constant over the entire length of the girder do. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, it is easy to install the precast bottom plate 155 in a form of being supported at both ends on the upper surface of the girder 110.

Here, the precast bottom plate 155 may be formed as a part of the thickness of the bottom plate 150 as shown in the figure, or may be formed to have the entire thickness of the bottom plate 150. When the precast bottom plate 155 has a part of a thickness section, a mold (not shown) for placing the poured concrete is installed as shown in FIG. 9, and the bottom plate 150 is completed by pouring concrete .

The through hole 111 is formed in the abdomen in advance when the concrete girder 110 is manufactured and the through hole 111 is formed in the state where the girder 110 is mounted on the bridge substructure 55. [ And a calibration nut 130 installed on the calibration bar 120 is tightened so that the girder 110 is supported transversely to the transverse direction by a transverse direction So that the load-bearing capacity of the girder can be sufficiently exhibited, and the construction of the bottom plate 150 by the pre-cast bottom plate can be sufficiently performed Can be obtained more easily.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the invention. That is, in the above-described embodiments, the concrete girder having an entire section is made of reinforced concrete, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The 'girder' according to the present invention is a 'composite girder' . ≪ / RTI >

100: bridge superstructure 110: girder
111: Through hole 114: Tension material
120: calibration bar 130: calibration nut
140: anti-skid member 150: bottom plate
155: precast deck

Claims (22)

A first girder which is mounted on a lower structure in a state where a first through hole is formed in the abdomen, a second girder which is mounted on the lower structure in a state that a second through hole is formed in the abdomen, and a third through hole is formed in the abdomen, A plurality of girders mounted on the first girder and including a third girder arranged between the first girder and the second girder;
A calibration bar passing through the first through-hole, the second through-hole, and the third through-hole;
And a calibration nut for supporting at least one of the lateral strain and the posture of the plurality of girders by pushing at least one of the first girder, the second girder, and the third girder, Wow;
A bottom plate synthesized on the upper side of the girder in a state where at least one of the posture and the gap of at least one of the girders is corrected by the calibration nut;
Including bridge superstructure.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first through hole, the second through hole, and the third through hole are arranged in a line in a direction perpendicular to the throttling axis, and the calibration bar is formed in a straight line shape.
3. The method of claim 2,
And the calibration bars are disposed at the center of the span of the girders.
The method according to claim 1,
And the calibration nut is installed on both sides of the third abdomen.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein a metal plate is provided on a surface of at least one of the girders to which the calibration nut is in contact.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein at least one of the girders is at least one of a concrete girder and a steel composite girder.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein at least two of the calibration bars are vertically disposed on the abdomen of the girder.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the calibration bar and the girder are permanently integrated in a state in which at least one of the attitude and the gap of the girder is corrected by the calibration nut.
9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the calibration bar is formed of a hollow cylindrical cross section and is a structural member.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the calibration nut and the calibration bar are removed from the bridge superstructure after the bottom plate has been synthesized above the girder.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the calibration bars are formed by joining two or more segment calibration bars.
12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
Wherein said girder further comprises a fourth girder formed in a fourth through hole through which said calibrating bar penetrates, said caliper being provided on at least one of both sides of the abdomen of said fourth girder, Wherein at least one of the bridge structures is calibrated.
12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
An anti-reflection member provided on the girder and preventing conduction during the correction of at least one of lateral strain and posture of the girder;
Further comprising a bridge superstructure.
14. The method of claim 13,
The anti-
A fixing bar crossing the upper surface of at least two of the girders in a direction perpendicular to the throat;
An engaging member extending downward from the fixing bar and interfering with the upper flange of the girder in the direction of conduction of the girder;
Wherein the bridge superstructure comprises a plurality of bridges.
14. The method of claim 13,
The anti-
A ring stud projecting upwardly from the upper surface of two or more of the girders;
A fixing bar passing through the ring stud;
Wherein the bridge superstructure comprises a plurality of bridges.
14. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the conduction preventing member is disposed at any one of both ends of the girder in the throttle direction.
As a method of constructing an upper structure of a bridge,
A plurality of girders including a first girder having a first through hole formed in the abdomen, a second girder having a second through hole formed in the abdomen, and a third girder having a third through hole formed in the abdomen, 3) a girder mounting step of mounting a girder between the first girder and the second girder;
A calibration bar mounting step in which the calibration bar is installed so that the calibration bar passes through the first through hole, the second through hole, and the third through hole;
The first and second girders are pushed out of the first girder, the second girder, and the third girder by tightening the calibration nut to be supported by the calibration bar and adjusting the tightening position with respect to the calibrating bar, A girder calibrating step of calibrating at least one of the girders;
A bottom plate synthesizing step of synthesizing a bottom plate on the upper side of the girder in a state where at least one of the posture and the gap of at least one of the girders is corrected by the calibration nut;
A method of constructing a bridge superstructure comprising:
18. The method of claim 17,
Installing a conduction preventing material that prevents conduction of the girder before the girder correction step is performed;
Disassembling the conduction prevention material after the girder correction step is performed;
Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > of: < / RTI >
18. The method of claim 17,
Wherein at least two of the calibration bars are arranged in the vertical direction of the girders.
20. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 19,
The girder correction step may include:
A transverse deformation or a lateral deformation or a posture with respect to the B girder whose posture is out of tolerance is calibrated on the basis of the A girder having the transverse deformation and posture within the tolerance among the plurality of girders, Wherein the upper portion of the bridge superstructure is formed of a metal.
21. The method of claim 20,
The girder correction step may include:
And when the second B-girder is two or more in a direction perpendicular to the throttling axis, the first B-1 girder adjacent to the first girder is calibrated first.
20. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 19,
The girder correction step may include:
When there is no girder A having transverse strains and attitudes within the permissible values among the plurality of girders and only a girder B having a transverse strain or attitude out of the allowable range exists among the plurality of girders, And correcting lateral strain or posture of the B-girder in the order close to the first Be girder after calibrating the first Be girder located outside the first B girder.

Images