KR20180047357A - Transparent non-powered aerobic fermentation vessel for edible waste material - Google Patents

Abstract

A small, transparent, non-powered, and non-agitating aerobic fermentation vessel for food waste of the present invention comprises: a transparent body accommodating food waste and mad of a transparent material and transmitting direct sunlight; a transparent cover capable of selectively opening and closing the transparent body and formed substantially the same as the transparent body; and a filter mounted on the transparent body at a predetermined distance from a bottom surface, on the one hand for filtering leachate and on the other hand for guiding an air flow into the transparent body. According to the configuration of the present invention, the vessel is environmentally friendly.

Description

{Transparent non-powered aerobic fermentation vessel for edible waste material}

The present invention relates to a transparent non-powered, semi-small food garbage aerobic fermentation vessel, and more particularly, to a small-scale food garbage disposal system (for example, 21 liters or less) Instead of using the natural system as it is, the aerobic fermentation condition is greatly improved instead of using the power. The container is made of a transparent material which is transparent to sunlight, and the inside is raised to a predetermined temperature (for example, 50 ° or more) The present invention relates to a fermentation vessel for maximizing aerobic fermentation conditions by composting food waste by agitating rice hulls or leaf mites with food wastes, will be.

In general, food waste was disposed of through incineration or landfill. For example, food waste is treated as industrial waste and is being dumped into the sea. However, marine dumping of food waste is prohibited from 2014. Therefore, many researches on the treatment of food waste have been going on.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0116542

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a transparent small, non-powered, non-powered food waste aerobic fermentation vessel for composting food waste, will be.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an aerobic fermentation container for transparent, small-sized, non-powered food waste, in order to compost food waste at low cost in schools, food service centers, rural areas or homes.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a transparent small non-powered, non-aerated food waste aerobic fermentation vessel capable of promoting aerobic fermentation without turning food waste upside down.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a transparent small-sized non-powered, non-powered, food waste aerobic fermentation vessel capable of seeing that food waste is fermented for students' education.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a transparent non-powered, half-sized food garbage aerated fermentation vessel for containing food waste and formed of a transparent material so as to be transparent A transparent cover which can selectively open and close the transparent body and is formed substantially the same as the transparent material, and a transparent cover which is mounted at a distance from the bottom surface in the transparent body, And a filter for guiding the flow of air into the transparent body.

As described above, according to the configuration of the present invention, the following effects can be expected.

First, food waste is recycled through the circulation structure that feeds back the compost produced by the households in the kitchen garden, so it is economical, and the food waste that needs to be treated at the same time is treated, which is very environmentally friendly.

Second, the treatment of food with a large-sized facility causes a large amount of food wastewater to be generated, and the cost of wastewater treatment facilities for controlling the salinity of the wastewater is increased, whereas in the present invention, the natural- It is economical because it can be filtered out and processed.

Thirdly, by mixing chaff or curd with a certain ratio of food, it is possible to prevent the odor and to maximize the aerobic fermentation condition, thereby satisfying the desire of consumers interested in organic farming.

Fourth, maximizing the flow of air moving through pores between foods without inverting food or using power can realize ideal composting.

Finally, since the fermentation vessel is transparent, the process of changing the raw materials to be fermented can be visually observed.

1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a fermentation vessel according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of Fig. 1; Fig.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view in which food waste is received in Fig. 1; Fig.
4 is a perspective view showing various configurations of a filter according to the present invention;

Brief Description of the Drawings The advantages and features of the present invention, and how to achieve them, will become apparent with reference to the embodiments described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Is provided to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art, and the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. The dimensions and relative sizes of layers and regions in the figures may be exaggerated for clarity of illustration. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification.

Embodiments described herein will be described with reference to plan views and cross-sectional views, which are ideal schematics of the present invention. Thus, the shape of the illustrations may be modified by manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific forms shown, but also include changes in the shapes that are produced according to the manufacturing process. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures have schematic attributes, and the shapes of the regions illustrated in the figures are intended to illustrate specific types of regions of the elements and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a transparent non-powered, non-aerobic, semi-small food garbage aerobic fermentation vessel having the above-described configuration will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 3, the transparent non-powered, non-powered, half-sized food garbage aerobic fermentation vessel 100 of the present invention includes a transparent body 110 that houses food waste, and is formed of a transparent material, , A transparent cover (120) capable of selectively opening and closing the transparent body (110) and formed substantially the same as the transparent material, and a transparent cover (120) mounted at a certain distance from the bottom surface in the transparent body And a filter 130 for guiding the flow of oxygen into the transparent body 110 on the other hand.

The transparent body 110 and the transparent cover 120 are formed of a transparent material having a transmittance of at least 30% or more so that direct sunlight is guided into the fermentation vessel 100 and the temperature inside the fermentation vessel 100 is raised . If the internal temperature of the fermentation vessel 100 rises as described above, the occurrence of insects can be suppressed, and odor can be prevented in particular.

For example, the transparent material may be composed of transparent acrylic or transparent glass. The surface may be coated to increase the transmittance of the transparent material. As a result, sunlight can be drawn into the fermentation vessel and the inside temperature can be raised up to 50 °, and there is no fear of insects or odor inside. In particular, the process of fermenting the fermented foodstuff and changing the raw materials can be visually confirmed, which can be used for educational purposes to school students.

The filter 130 may comprise a mesh or hole that is permeable to air. The mesh may be made of iron or synthetic resin wire, and the pores of the mesh may be 150 mesh or more so as to pass through the air while filtering the food waste. A plurality of holes may be formed on the plate in a predetermined rule even if they are not meshes. This allows food waste to be fermented without physical agitation.

The transparent body 110 has a diameter and a height not exceeding 20 cm and 40 cm, respectively. If the diameter is 15 cm and the height is 30 cm, the fermentation can be performed at a small capacity (for example, less than 21 ℓ) in a home or a restaurant. On the other hand, commonly used aerobic fermentation vessels are larger than 100ℓ (usually 200ℓ), making them difficult to use simply at home or on farms.

The filter 130 can be manufactured in various shapes. The most basic form is trays.

Food waste is stirred with rice hulls and leaf mites. Rice husks and manure leaves not only widen the pores between food waste, but also make optimal conditions for aerobic fermentation. For example, when aerobic fermentation starts, heat is generated from fermentation, and natural circulation of air by heat is achieved. The filter 130 serves as a gate for helping the natural circulation of the air.

When made into a tray shape, there may be a certain limit in exposing food waste to air. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the food waste can be variously changed so that the food waste can be exposed to the air and more space.

As shown in Figure 4 (a), the filter 130 may be provided in a conical shape. As shown in (b), the filter 130 may be repeatedly formed with concavities and convexities that are conical and curved upward and downward. The filter 130 can be combined with the tray shape and the cone shape as shown in FIG. For example, the filter 130 may include a flat tray area and a cone area that is only centered on the tray area. The filter 130 may include a tray area with a plane and a plurality of cone areas centered and circumferentially on the tray area. As shown in FIG. 2B, it may be a circular shape, in which each step is formed and the horizontal part and the vertical part are repeated.

Subsequently, the transparent body 110 is opened at the top and closed at the bottom, and the sidewall has a cylindrical shape with a predetermined height to house the food waste therein. However, it is not necessarily limited to a cylinder, but a square column or a jar shape is not excluded. That is, the transparent body 110 may be cylindrical or rectangular in the form of a box or a cabinet having an open top.

As described above, the filter 130 simultaneously performs a network function for filtering leachate generated in the food waste, and a network function for guiding oxygen to the inside. Here, since the food wastes are fermented by being stirred with rice hulls or leaf mites, the leachate filtered through the filter 130 can also be used as a fermented liquefied fertilizer.

According to the present invention, the food wastes are made of rice husks or humus for aerobic fermentation, wherein the rice hulls and the humus soil promote the fermentation of food waste. At this time, the food waste, hull and / or hides can be mixed in a ratio of about 1: 1 to about 1.5: 1.

At the bottom of the transparent body 110 is formed a drain 112 through which the leachate of food waste collects through the filter 130 and a drain valve 114 for discharging the collected leachate to the outside is further formed. The filter 130 may be fixed at a predetermined distance from the bottom so that the drain 112 is formed. Meanwhile, in the case of the cone-shaped filter 130, the filter 130 itself can be directly supported on the floor.

As described above, the drain 112 is the place where the leachate is collected, but also the place where the external oxygen is waiting for aerobic fermentation. To this end, the drain valve 114 is opened for oxygen inflow.

Although not shown in the drawings, the fermentation vessel 110 of the present invention is characterized by being manufactured in a small capacity, so that a wheel or a hand grip is not essential. For example, a wheel may be further provided on the outside of the bottom of the transparent body 110 to effectively move the container, and a hand grip may be further provided on the outside of the side wall of the transparent body 110 to easily move the container. It is not absolutely necessary.

Hereinafter, the conditions and the process of the rice hull and / or the humus to affect the composting using the food waste aerobic fermentation system in the present invention will be described in detail.

In the present invention, composting is defined as a process in which organic matter is decomposed and stabilized by microorganisms. For example, biochemical processes or biological treatments that convert organic matter into a corroded material are considered composting, and there are several conditions that affect composting.

In the present invention, the carbonitride ratio, temperature and air, pH, water content, and salt content may have a large or small effect on the composting of food waste.

① Carbonation rate

The ratio of carbon (C) to nitrogen (N) contained in food waste is called the carbonitride ratio. Generally, the carbonitriding ratio (C / N) of food waste is about 7: 1 to 10: 1. A carbonitride ratio (C / N) of about 20: 1 to 30: 1 is ideal for composting. It should be at least 20: 1 to limit excessive nitrogen supply. On the other hand, if the carbonation rate (C / N) is too high, the nitrogen component necessary for microbial growth is insufficient and composting is delayed. Therefore, the present invention can control the ratio of the rice hulls or the curds to the garbage for the ideal carbonitride ratio (C / N). For example, rice hulls and leaf litter increase the carbonaceous input of food waste.

② Temperature and air

The optimum temperature for ideal composting is about 40 to 55 占 폚. For the purpose of pathogen killing, it is necessary to maintain the temperature at about 55 to 60 DEG C for 2 to 3 days. However, since the present invention provides a non-powered fermentation method, the food waste must be fermented at a relatively high temperature. To ferment food waste at high temperatures, the amount of food waste (eg, 200 liters or more) should be high.

However, the present invention is intended to provide a small system for use in small facilities such as homes and garden gardens. Therefore, in order to enable sterilization even at low temperature fermentation, methods for supplementing the sterilization are being studied. For example, air is supplied smoothly for aerobic fermentation. In order to promote aerobic fermentation by supplying air normally, the food waste must be turned upside down. However, the present invention uses the filter 130 to reduce the inconvenience of reversing the food waste.

③ pH

The optimum pH for ideal composting is about 5.5 to 8.0. In the early stage of fermentation, ammonia is generated and the pH is increased. When the fermentation proceeds, the decomposition rate is fast and the amount of oxygen consumed is increased. Also, organic acid is easily generated and partial anaerobic state can be obtained. However, when the subsequent ammonification is terminated, the pH is reduced to the range of 7.5 to 8.0.

④ Moisture content

Moisture is essential for microbial activity. If moisture is insufficient, moisture can be supplied. However, if the moisture is excessive, the gap between the food garbage is filled, so that the air transmission necessary for respiration of the aerobic microorganisms can be prevented and the anaerobic state can be changed. This causes odor generation and inhibits microbial growth and activity. Therefore, it is preferable that water supply is appropriate, and a water content of about 45% to 65% is good for composting. In the case of the present invention, rice hulls and humus provide such moisture control ability and are particularly effective for aerobic microbial breathing because they provide pores.

⑤ Salinity content

Since food waste itself contains high salinity, high salinity can prevent the composting from being recycled when composting such food waste. For example, high salinity compost tends to clump soil soils, interfere with the growth of crops, and overfill can cause reverse osmosis and damage crops. In the case of the present invention, the rice hulls and the humus provide such a salt-controlling ability, thereby achieving low salt differentiation.

As described above, the present invention can ferment without physically stirring, fermentation proceeds even with a small capacity, and sunlight is attracted to a transparent container to raise the internal temperature to solve the problem of insect occurrence and odor, The filter is optimized to maximize the air contact and the fermentation is optimized. The leachate is also utilized as liquefied fertilizer, and it is a technical idea to use natural fermentation without using external energy. Many other modifications will be possible to those skilled in the art, within the scope of the basic technical idea of the present invention.

100: fermentation vessel 110: transparent body
120: transparent cover 130: filter

Claims (10)

A transparent body which accommodates food wastes and is formed of a transparent material and can transmit direct sunlight as it is;
A transparent cover capable of selectively opening and closing said transparent body and formed substantially identical to said transparent material; And
And a filter mounted on the transparent body at a predetermined distance from the bottom surface to filter the leachate and on the other hand to guide the flow of air into the transparent body. Aerobic fermentation vessel. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the transparent body and the transparent cover are formed of a transparent material having a transmittance of at least 30% or more, thereby guiding the direct sunlight into the fermentation vessel, and the temperature inside the fermentation vessel is 50 ° or more. Small food waste Aerobic fermentation container. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the transparent body is made of transparent acrylic, so that the process of fermenting the garbage food can be confirmed outside the fermentation vessel. The method of claim 3,
Wherein the filter comprises a mesh or hole capable of permeating the air and the mesh is made of 150 mesh wire or a plurality of holes are formed in a regular rule on the plate. Fermentation vessel. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the transparent body has a diameter and a height of not more than 20 cm and not more than 40 cm, respectively. 6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the food waste is agitated with rice husks and humus, and the food waste, the rice husks and the humus are in a ratio of about 1: 1 to 1.5: 1. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the filter is provided in a conical shape. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the filter comprises a flat tray area and a cone area centered on the tray area. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > A < / RTI > The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the filter is a shape in which a step is formed and a horizontal part and a vertical part are repeated. 8. The method of claim 7,
A drain for collecting the leachate of the food waste is formed on the bottom of the transparent body and a drain valve for discharging the leachate to the outside is formed so that the leachate is used as a fermentation liquefied fertilizer Transparent non-motorized semi-small sized food waste Aerobic fermentation container.

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