KR20180005814A - Structure and method for green roof using artificial lightweight aggregate - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a rooftop greening structure and method using an artificial lightweight aggregate capable of easily growing plants without using chemical substances, such as fertilizers or agricultural chemicals, and minimizing load on structures due to the use of ultralight aggregates. The rooftop greening structure using an artificial lightweight aggregate of the present invention includes: a root barrier sheet layer provided on an upper surface of a rooftop; a drainage layer provided above the root barrier sheet layer; an embankment layer provided on an upper portion of the drainage layer and including an artificial lightweight aggregate; and a shatterproof layer provided on an upper portion of the embankment layer.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a rooftop greening structure using artificial lightweight aggregate,

The present invention relates to a rooftop greening structure and a rooftop greening method using an artificial lightweight aggregate which can easily grow plants without using chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides and can minimize the load on the structure due to the use of lightweight aggregates.

Recently, as the interest in energy saving and the enhancement of the beauty of the city has increased, cases of roofing greening at the upper part of various buildings are increasing.

For the rooftop greening, the topsoil of the rooftop must be secured to some extent. However, rooftop greening should be done at a level that can create an environment suitable for the growth of plants without deteriorating the usability such as safety and durability of the structure as it corresponds to an artificially created environment.

On the other hand, when a general soil layer is used for rooftop greening, since the load of the soil layer is considerable, the load acting on the upper part of the building is increased, which is likely to cause structural defects.

In addition, since the rooftop is generally carried out frequently by users, there is a limitation that the use of fertilizer for preventing plant growth or insect pests is very limited.

KR 10-0885004 B1

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a rooftop greening structure and a rooftop greening method using an artificial lightweight aggregate which is easy to grow plants without using chemical substances such as fertilizers and pesticides.

The present invention provides a rooftop greening structure and a rooftop greening method using an artificial lightweight aggregate capable of minimizing a load burden on a structure while securing sufficient moisture and soil for plant growth by using an ultra lightweight aggregate.

The present invention provides a rooftop greening structure and a rooftop greening method using an artificial lightweight aggregate capable of achieving energy saving through reduction of room temperature.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a car navigation system comprising: a rope sheet layer provided on a top surface of a rooftop; A drainage layer disposed above the carnation sheet layer; An embankment layer provided on the drainage layer and including an artificial lightweight aggregate; And a shatterproof layer provided on the upper side of the embankment layer; The present invention provides a rooftop greening structure using an artificial lightweight aggregate.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the artificial lightweight aggregate of the embankment layer comprises a binder containing crushed foamed concrete and semi-gypsum, and provides a rooftop greening structure using the artificial lightweight aggregate.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the binder comprises 30 to 99.9% by weight of the hemihydrate gypsum and 0.1 to 70% by weight of blast furnace slag or fly ash. The rooftop greening structure using the artificial lightweight aggregate is provided.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a rooftop greening structure using an artificial lightweight aggregate, wherein the embankment layer further comprises pearlite and microorganisms.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a rooftop greening structure using an artificial lightweight aggregate characterized in that the microorganism is composed of at least one of a nitrogen-fixing microorganism or a pest-resistant microorganism.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the artificial lightweight aggregate of the embankment layer has an aggregate size of 1.6 to 10 mm, and provides a rooftop greening structure using the artificial lightweight aggregate.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drainage layer is an artificial lightweight aggregate having an aggregate size of 10 to 20 mm, and the shatterproof layer is an artificial lightweight aggregate having an aggregate size of 8 to 15 mm. To provide a rooftop recording structure.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising the steps of: (a) base processing a top surface of a rooftop; (b) providing a rouge sheet on the roughened top surface of the rooftop to form a rouge sheet layer; (c) disposing a drainage layer on the surface of the carnation sheet layer; (d) laying an embankment layer containing an artificial lightweight aggregate on the upper part of the drainage layer; And (e) laying a shatterproof layer over the embankment layer; The present invention provides a rooftop greening method using an artificial lightweight aggregate.

The present invention has the following effects.

First, an artificial lightweight aggregate composed of a binder containing foamed concrete and semi-gypsum crushed in a clayey soil layer is included. Therefore, lightweight aggregate having a pH optimum for plant growth can be used as the embankment layer, which makes it possible to lighten the embankment layer.

Second, since the artificial lightweight aggregate is used, the load burden on the structure can be minimized while securing enough moisture and soil for plant growth.

Third, it is possible to plant various kinds of plants with sufficient soil level, so that the effect of radiant heat can be minimized, so that it is possible to create a pleasant environment and reduce the energy load of the building by reducing the temperature of the room.

Fourth, it is possible to increase the resistance to insect pests by forming nutrients and microbes in the embankment layer as well as forming the vegetation environment. In particular, when a nitrogen-fixing microorganism or a microorganism preventing sickness is used, it is possible to create an environment that is easy for plant growth without using chemicals such as fertilizer and agricultural chemicals.

1 is a photograph of an artificial lightweight aggregate used in the present invention.
2 is a graph showing the nitrogen content ratio per specimen.
3 is a graph showing the amount of available phosphoric acid per specimen.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of each test specimen. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a photograph showing the result of evaluation of plant growth per specimen for herb.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

1 is a photograph of an artificial lightweight aggregate used in the present invention. FIGS. 2 to 4 are graphs showing nitrogen content ratios, effective phosphoric acid contents, and cation exchange capacity (CEC), respectively, of the test specimens, and FIG.

The rooftop greening structure using the artificial lightweight aggregate according to the present invention comprises: a rouge sheet layer provided on the roof top; A drainage layer disposed above the carnation sheet layer; An embankment layer provided on the drainage layer and including an artificial lightweight aggregate; And a shatterproof layer provided on the upper side of the embankment layer; .

The carnation sheet layer adheres tightly to the top surface of the rooftop to improve the waterproofing and antiperspirant effect due to rooftop greening. This prevents the roots of planted plants from affecting the safety and durability of the structure.

A waterproof layer may be separately formed on the top surface of the rooftop before the carnation sheet layer is formed, or the carnitine sheet layer may be used as a waterproof layer.

The drainage layer drains the water delivered from the upper embankment layer to prevent damage to the roots of the plant due to a large amount of water.

The above-mentioned embankment layer is an essential part of plant growth, and soil containing artificial lightweight aggregate can be used so as to secure a sufficient soil depth for plant growth by reducing the load burden on the structure itself.

With the use of the artificial lightweight aggregate, it is possible to secure a sufficient depth of field and to store moisture compared to the use of general aggregate. Accordingly, the growth of various kinds of trees including the broad-leaved trees can be progressed smoothly, so that the radiant heat acting on the upper part of the building can be blocked, thereby improving the power energy consumption efficiency of the building.

Particularly, when the present invention is used, the fixed load can be reduced to 1/3 of that of the conventional rooftop greening structure, and the room temperature inside the building can be reduced by about 2 ° C. .

As a result, energy-saving rooftop greening structure can be achieved.

The anti-scattering layer is formed on the embankment layer to prevent the soil of the embankment layer from being lost or scattered due to rain or wind.

In addition, in the case of rainy season, the planted plants are prevented from collapsing.

The artificial lightweight aggregate of the embankment layer may be composed of a binder containing crushed foamed concrete and semi-gypsum.

Fig. 1 shows an artificial lightweight aggregate used in the present invention.

Specifically, the embankment soils containing the artificial lightweight aggregate can be produced through the following process.

That is, 20 to 40 parts by weight of water and 2 to 10 parts by weight of retarder are mixed with 100 parts by weight of the binder to prepare a paste, bubble is added to the paste to prepare a bubble slurry, Manufacturing the foamed concrete, and crushing the foamed concrete. Preferably, the binder contains 30 to 100 wt.%, Preferably 50 to 100 wt.%, More preferably 80 to 100 wt.%, Most preferably 100 wt.% Of semi-gypsum. .

The water may be ground water, tap water or the like, and is used in an amount of 20 to 40 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the binder.

If the amount of the water is less than 20 parts by weight, the viscosity of the concrete may increase and the fluidity may be deteriorated. If the amount of the water exceeds 40 parts by weight, the quality of the concrete may be deteriorated due to separation of the concrete, increase in shrinkage of the concrete, occurrence of bleeding, and the like.

Since the semi-gypsum to be described later is cured at a high speed, borates such as borax, boric acid, sodium borate and potassium borate can be used as retarding agents for securing pot life (working time).

The retarder may be used in an amount of 2 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 3 to 5 parts by weight, and most preferably 4 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the binder.

A bubble slurry can be prepared by adding air bubbles to a paste prepared by mixing a binder, water, and a retarder.

Specifically, a bubble group formed by foaming a foaming agent diluted with water at a concentration of 1 to 10 wt% in water at a foaming rate of 1,000 to 2,000% through a bubble generator is incorporated into the paste and mixed for 1 minute or more to prepare a bubble slurry .

When the amount of the foaming agent is less than 0.1 parts by weight, bubbles are not properly formed. When the amount of the foaming agent is more than 0.3 parts by weight, the fluidity is decreased due to the increase in viscosity, There is a problem that the strength development of the cured product is poor.

The foamed slurry is cured to prepare foamed concrete, and the foamed concrete is crushed to a predetermined size through a crusher.

The particle size of the crushed soil is preferably 1 to 10 mm in consideration of the unit volume weight, permeability coefficient, effective water and the like.

By using the foamed concrete, it is possible to lighten the embankment layer. Therefore, it is possible to secure sufficient soil depth and to provide an environment suitable for plant growth with sufficient moisture storage.

The semi-gypsum is contained in a binder. The gypsum is formed by heating the gypsum to a temperature of 120 to 130 ° C and then removing 3/4 of the crystal number of the gypsum. The formula is calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate (CaSo 4 ½H ₂ O) . In this case, the semi-gypsum can be α-calcium sulfate hgemihydrate (α-CH), and the granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and the fly ash flyash, FA) may be blended.

The semi-gypsum has a pH of 6-7 and is near neutral.

This is because the semi-gypsum is not accompanied by the formation of strongly alkaline Ca (OH) ₂ and the curing process, unlike the cement used as a material for conventional binders.

Therefore, by producing a neutral level artificial lightweight aggregate for vegetation, it is possible to maintain an optimal pH range for plant growth in which metabolism of plant root cells can proceed smoothly.

The binder may comprise from 30 to 99.9% by weight of the hemihydrate gypsum and from 0.1 to 70% by weight of blast furnace slag or fly ash.

The blast furnace slag or the fly ash is mixed in at least 0.1 wt% as an admixture to be added in consideration of cost reduction and improvement of strength development.

When the blast furnace slag or the fly ash is more than 70% by weight, unlike the semi-gypsum, the blast furnace slag or the fly ash does not affect the strength development. Therefore, the soil containing the artificial lightweight aggregate produced has a strength of less than 0.3 MPa . Therefore, it can be easily broken by a load such as a person's weight.

The embankment layer may further include pearlite and microorganisms.

Artificial toe pearlite may be included in the embankment layer to increase the moisture retention of the embankment layer.

The pearlite is preferably particles having a particle size of 4 to 6 mm and a pH of 6.5 to 7.5, which are particles expanded by firing pearlite mineral at a temperature of 760 캜.

The microorganisms supply sufficient nutrients to the embankment so that an environment for self-vegetation can be created.

Thereby increasing resistance to insect pests.

The microorganisms and the plant nutrients necessary for plant growth can be adsorbed on the hydrogel and mixed.

Accordingly, the inside of the artificial lightweight aggregate contains a hydrogel in which effective microorganisms and plant nutrients are absorbed.

The microorganisms contained in the embankment layer may be composed of at least one of a nitrogen-fixing microorganism or a microorganism preventing sickness.

This makes it possible to create an environment that is easy to grow plants without supplying pesticides and fertilizers.

Table 1 shows the artificial soil for each main variable used in the embankment layer.

Specifically, in Table 1, T is the content of the artificial lightweight aggregate, and G is the content of the artificial soil.

GA is the content of antimicrobial microorganisms and GB is the content of nitrogen fixative microorganisms. Each of the above contents means volume percentage (%) with respect to the whole.

Various experimental results of the total amount of organic matter with respect to the artificial soil of Table 1 are shown graphically in FIG. 2 to FIG.

Artificial soil Overall volume percentage (%) Artificial lightweight aggregate (T) Artificial soil (A) Gel water (G) Gel A (GA) Gel B (GB) T100 100 0 0 0 0 T80_G20 80 0 20 0 0 T80_GA20 80 0 0 20 0 T80_GB20 80 0 0 0 20 T80_GAB.10 80 0 0 10 10 TA.40_GAB.10 40 40 0 10 10 TA.50 50 50 0 0 0 A100 0 100 0 0 0

As can be seen from FIG. 2, it can be seen that the nitrogen content ratio of the aggregate containing no nitrogen-fixing microorganism as growth promoter is only 1.23-1.6%.

On the other hand, nitrogen content ratio of aggregate was 4.84 ~ 8.02% when growth promoter was added.

Particularly, the aggregate containing 20% of the total volume ratio of the hydrogel in which the growth promoter was adsorbed was the highest.

In addition, the phosphoric acid form of the soil most closely related to plant growth is available phosphoric acid.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, it can be seen that the effective phosphoric acid content of the soil aggregate containing 80% of the artificial lightweight aggregate used in the present invention is as high as 3,459-5,363 ppm.

On the other hand, the effective phosphoric acid of the general artificial soil is 108.09 ppm, which is significantly lower than that of the artificial lightweight aggregate of the present invention.

Also, as can be seen from FIG. 4, it can be seen that the cation exchange capacity (CEC) is about three times higher than that of the microorganisms when the nitrogen-fixing microorganism and the pest-resistant microorganism are contained.

Finally, plant growth was evaluated by planting herbs in each specimen.

FIG. 5 shows the results. FIGS. 5 (a), (b) and (c) are photographs showing experimental results on T100, T80_GAB.10 and TA.50 test specimens, respectively.

As can be seen from Figs. 5 (a) to 5 (c), aggregates free of nitrogen fixing bacteria or pest-resistant microorganisms were observed to wilt shortly.

The artificial lightweight aggregate of the embankment layer may be constructed so that the size of the aggregate corresponds to a range of 1.6 to 10 mm.

The size of such an artificial lightweight aggregate is an optimal size for proper moisturizing and plant growth.

If the size of the artificial lightweight aggregate is less than 1.6 mm, the aggregate is arranged too closely, so that it is not suitable for plant roots growth and drainage is not appropriately performed in the lower drainage layer.

If the size of the artificial lightweight aggregate exceeds 10 mm, the embankment layer can not sufficiently contain moisture required for plant growth.

In the case where the aggregate size of the artificial lightweight aggregate of the embankment layer is 1.6 to 10 mm, the drainage layer is an artificial lightweight aggregate having an aggregate size of 10 to 20 mm, and the shatterproof layer is an artificial lightweight aggregate having an aggregate size of 8 to 15 mm Lightweight aggregate.

That is, it is possible to make the rooftop greening structure lighter by constructing the shatterproof layer and the drainage layer located at the upper and lower portions of the embankment layer as well as the embankment layer with the artificial lightweight aggregate.

It is preferable that the drainage layer has a size slightly larger than the artificial lightweight aggregate of the embankment so that the size of the aggregate is in the range of 10 to 20 mm so as to smoothly perform the function of draining.

If the size of the artificial lightweight aggregate in the drainage layer is less than 10 mm, the drainage does not proceed smoothly. If the size of the artificial lightweight aggregate in the drainage layer is more than 20 mm, the drainage proceeds excessively quickly.

The shatterproof layer is limited to a size of 8 to 15 mm in order to prevent scattering of the embankment layer.

If the size of the artificial lightweight aggregate of the shatterproof layer is less than 8 mm, it is difficult to faithfully perform the function of the shatterproof layer to prevent scattering of the clayey layer. In addition, if the size of the artificial lightweight aggregate of the shatterproof layer exceeds 15 mm, it may be scattered through the space between the particles, which is inefficient.

The rooftop greening method using the artificial lightweight aggregate according to the present invention is for constructing a rooftop greening structure using the above artificial lightweight aggregate.

The present invention provides a rooftop greening method using an artificial lightweight aggregate, comprising the steps of: (a) treating a top surface of a rooftop; (b) providing a rouge sheet on the roughened top surface of the rooftop to form a rouge sheet layer; (c) disposing a drainage layer on the surface of the carnation sheet layer; (d) laying an embankment layer containing an artificial lightweight aggregate on the upper part of the drainage layer; And (e) laying a shatterproof layer over the embankment layer; And a control unit.

In the step (a), the surface of the rooftop is removed by removing the foreign substances on the top surface.

Thereafter, steps (b) to (d) are sequentially carried out to form a carnation sheet layer, a drainage layer, a clayey soil layer and a shatterproof layer on the roof top surface.

In the step (b), a waterproof layer may be separately applied before the carnation sheet layer is formed, or the carnitine sheet layer may be used as a waterproof layer.

In the step (d), the embankment layer may include an artificial lightweight aggregate.

In addition, the artificial lightweight aggregate of the embankment layer may include a binder containing crushed foamed concrete and semi-gypsum. In particular, the binder may be composed of 30 to 99.9% by weight of hemihydrate gypsum and 0.1 to 70% by weight of blast furnace slag or fly ash %. ≪ / RTI >

Further, the embankment layer can be configured to further include pearlite and microorganisms.

Claims (8)

A rope sheet layer provided on the roof top;
A drainage layer disposed above the carnation sheet layer;
An embankment layer provided on the drainage layer and including an artificial lightweight aggregate; And
A shatterproof layer provided on the upper side of the embankment layer; Wherein the roofing structure is made of an artificial lightweight aggregate.
The method of claim 1,
Wherein the artificial lightweight aggregate of the embankment layer comprises a binder containing crushed foamed concrete and a semi-gypsum, and the rooftop greening structure using the artificial lightweight aggregate.
3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the binder comprises 30 to 99.9% by weight of the hemihydrate gypsum and 0.1 to 70% by weight of blast furnace slag or fly ash.
The method of claim 1,
Wherein the embankment layer further comprises pearlite and microorganisms.
5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the microorganism is composed of at least one of a nitrogen-fixing microorganism or a pest-resistant microorganism, and the rooftop greening structure using the artificial lightweight aggregate.
The method of claim 1,
Wherein the artificial lightweight aggregate of the embankment layer has an aggregate size of 1.6 to 10 mm.
The method of claim 6,
Wherein the drainage layer is an artificial lightweight aggregate having an aggregate size of 10 to 20 mm and the shatterproof layer is an artificial lightweight aggregate having an aggregate size of 8 to 15 mm.
(a) base treating the top surface of the rooftop;
(b) providing a rouge sheet on the roughened top surface of the rooftop to form a rouge sheet layer;
(c) disposing a drainage layer on the surface of the carnation sheet layer;
(d) laying an embankment layer containing an artificial lightweight aggregate on the upper part of the drainage layer; And
(e) disposing a shatterproof layer on the embankment layer; The green roofing method using an artificial lightweight aggregate characterized by comprising the steps of:

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