KR20170138217A - Prevention method of foreign biological contaminant invasion by ballast water - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of preventing entry of a foreign organismic contaminant by ballast water of a ship. The method of preventing entry of a foreign organismic contaminant by ballast water of a ship comprises: a first contaminant removal step of applying a vortex to seawater and removing an organismic contaminant included in the seawater by the vortex; a second contaminant removal step of allowing the seawater which has undergone the first contaminant removal step to pass through a multi-layer filter formed in multiple layers to remove an organismic contaminant remaining in the seawater; and a ballast water storage step of filling a ship ballast water storage tank with the seawater which has undergone the second contaminant removal step. The layers of the multi-layer filter are filled with inorganic materials with different particle sizes as filtering means. The average particle sizes of the inorganic materials filled in the layers are sequentially decreased. The present invention is eco-friendly by maximally excluding use of chemical materials and, specifically, is economical and convenient by effectively removing organismic contaminants by a very simple method of generating a vortex in seawater. Also, the method uses a gas pressure of residual gas produced by fuel used as a power source of a ship to recycle energy.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for preventing inflow of foreign biological pollutants by ballast water,

The present invention relates to a method for preventing introduction of foreign biological contaminants by ship ballast water, more specifically, to a method for preventing foreign biological biological pollutants from being introduced into ballast water filled in a ship by using a physical method, The present invention relates to a method for preventing the inflow of foreign biological contaminants by the ballast water which can efficiently and environmentally friendly and economically eliminates pollutants.

Ballast water refers to the amount of marine water that is loaded into a vessel to balance the ship during its operation.

Such ship equilibrium has become a major problem in the marine ecosystem disturbance as the ship movement has increased rapidly due to the global trade in ships. In particular, as ballast water inflows and outflows occur in different regions, there is a problem that existing ecosystems are completely reversed due to the rapid increase in the number of exotic species with high adaptability and externally hitting native species living in existing areas.

In order to solve these problems, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 2004 established the Convention for the Control of Ship Ballast Water, which is to be used for the exchange of ship ballast water at a water depth of 200m or more, And that all organisms in the water should be removed.

On the other hand, in Patent Document 1, a tank; A spray nozzle for supplying the ballast water into the tank in a droplet form; And a gas circulation unit for supplying an inert gas to the spray nozzle and for sucking an inert gas not dissolved in the ballast water in the tank, wherein the gas circulation unit is arranged to supply the inhaled inert gas again to the spray nozzle However, there has been a limit in treating biological equilibrium pollutants in the case of treating ship equilibrium water.

Further, in Patent Document 2, a neutralizer storage portion for storing a neutralizer; A ballast tank storing sterilized ballast water; And a ballast water main inflow line for providing a path through which the ballast water stored in the ballast tank can be moved; And a central control unit for determining an input amount of the neutralizing agent to be supplied to the ballast water main inflow line in the neutralizing agent storage unit and controlling the neutralizing agent storage unit to inject the neutralizing agent storage unit into the ballast water main inflow line by a determined amount of input, Wherein the controller determines the amount of the ballast water to be initially input into the ballast water main inflow line by using the storage time of the ballast water stored in the ballast tank and the TRO reduction data, However, there has been a problem in that it is not environmentally friendly to use an excessive neutralizing agent when treating ship equilibrium water.

Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a technology capable of eco-friendly removal of biological contaminants contained in marine water used as ballast water.

Patent Document 1: Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1520586 Patent Document 2: Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0043617

Accordingly, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention minimizes the chemical treatment process, and firstly removes the biological contaminants by forming a whirlpool in the marine water, and then, by using the multi- It has been found that biological contaminants in ship equilibrium can be removed efficiently and environmentally without the use of chemical substances by eliminating the substances secondarily, and the present invention has been completed based on this finding.

Accordingly, one aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for removing biological contaminants contained in marine water used as ship ballast water in an environmentally friendly and efficient manner.

The method for preventing introduction of foreign biological contaminants by ship ballast water according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a step of removing a primary pollutant to remove a biological contaminant contained in marine water by applying a vortex to a marine water, A second pollutant removal step of passing the marine water having undergone the first pollutant removal step through a multi-layered filter to remove biological contaminants remaining in the marine water; And a ballast water storage step of filling the ballast water storage tank with the marine water having undergone the second pollutant removal step, wherein each layer of the multi-layer filter is filled with an inorganic material having a different particle size, And the average particle size of the inorganic material filled in each of the layers may be sequentially decreased.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for preventing introduction of foreign biological contaminants by ballast water, wherein the inorganic material may be gravel or sand.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, in the method of preventing foreign biological contaminants from entering the ballast water by the ship ballast water, the step of removing the first pollutant and the step of removing the second pollutant may be carried out in the ship on which the ballast water is to be filled .

The method for preventing introduction of foreign biological contaminants by the ship ballast water according to another embodiment of the present invention further includes a flow rate adjusting step of adjusting the flow rate of the incoming ocean water prior to the step of removing the primary pollutant .

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for preventing inflow of foreign biological pollutants by ballast water, wherein the vortex used in the step of removing the primary pollutants includes a residual gas generated by the fuel used as a power source of the ship Lt; / RTI > gas pressure.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for preventing introduction of foreign biological contaminants by ship equilibrium water, comprising the steps of: And a filtration filter step of filtering contaminants according to the particle size using a filter.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for preventing introduction of foreign biological contaminants by ship equilibrium water, comprising the steps of: measuring a particle size of a pollutant contained in marine water after the second pollutant removal step A sensor that controls the ocean water to be subjected to the second pollutant removal step when the measured particle size exceeds the reference value and to control the injection of the ocean water into the ballast water storage tank when the measured particle size does not exceed the reference value And a control step.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of preventing foreign biological contaminants from entering the equilibrium water storage tank using a basic chemical before discharging marine water stored in the ballast water storage tank, (PH) of the ballast water stored in the equilibrium water neutralizing step.

According to the present invention, the method for preventing foreign biological contaminants from entering the marine equilibrium water according to the present invention has an advantage of being very environmentally friendly by omitting the use of chemical substances as much as possible. Especially, And thus has a very economical and convenient advantage. The method according to the present invention also has the advantage of being able to recycle energy by utilizing the gas pressure of the residual gas generated by the fuel used as the power source of the ship.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a process diagram schematically showing an overall process of a method for preventing inflow of foreign biological contaminants by ship ballast water according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
2 is a conceptual diagram showing the circulation process of the ballast water in the navigation process.
FIG. 3 shows the concept of preventing the inflow of foreign biological contaminants by the ballast water through the vortex formation and the multi-layer filter of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the overall process of preventing inflow of foreign biological contaminants by the ballast water of the present invention.

Before describing the invention in more detail, it is to be understood that the words or words used in the specification and claims are not to be construed in a conventional or dictionary sense, It should be interpreted as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention. Therefore, the constitution of the embodiments described in the present specification is merely a preferred example of the present invention, and does not represent all the technical ideas of the present invention, so that various equivalents and variations And the like.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention.

The present invention relates to a method for preventing introduction of foreign biological contaminants by ship ballast water and more specifically to a method for preventing foreign biological contamination which can be contained in equilibrium water filled in a vessel using physical methods, The present invention relates to a method for preventing introduction of foreign biological contaminants by ballast water, which can efficiently and eco-friendly removal of substances.

FIG. 1 is a process diagram schematically showing an overall process of a method for preventing inflow of foreign biological contaminants by ship ballast water according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the circulation process of the ballast water in the navigation process.

FIG. 3 shows the concept of preventing the inflow of foreign biological contaminants by the ballast water through the vortex formation and the multi-layer filter of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the overall process of preventing inflow of foreign biological contaminants by the ballast water of the present invention.

First, referring to FIG. 2, a process of circulating ballast water when moving an international vessel will be described.

First, if the cargo ship is not fully loaded and partially loaded at the port of departure, the marine water at the coast of the port of departure shall be introduced into the ballast tank in order to balance the weight and balance of the ship as the cargo is not loaded. At this time, various biological pollutants inhabiting the coast of the port of origin will be introduced into the ship as ballast water of the ship.

On the other hand, whenever the volume of cargo is reduced while the vessel is navigating through each country, the ship's ballast water is taken off the coast of the country at that time to compensate for the weight and balance of the ship by the amount of cargo reduced.

Upon arrival at the final destination port, a certain amount of cargo is loaded on the ship, and that amount of ballast water is discharged to the coast of the final destination country. At this time, the coastal area of the final destination country has a problem in that marine biological pollutants in the coast of the starting country and marine biological pollutants in coastal countries that supplement the equilibrium water during navigation are introduced.

On the other hand, if a certain amount of cargo is continuously loaded in each country during the voyage again, the same number of ship equilibrium should be discharged to the coast of the country, and if the same problems continue to occur on each coast, It is a major cause of the destruction of marine ecosystems in each country by causing rapid inflow of non-marine alien species.

Therefore, conventionally, when a marine water is introduced into a ship as ballast water, a net having a through hole of 6 to 7 mm is installed in the marine water inflow pipe, and a ballast water discharged from the ballast water discharged from other countries A method of chemically removing foreign biological contaminants by treating various chemical substances has been conventionally performed.

However, the complete removal of extrinsic biological contaminants through these methods is inherently limited. In particular, the use of a large amount of chemical substances causes problems of secondary marine pollution caused by chemicals there was.

Accordingly, the inventor of the present invention has developed a method that can prevent chemical migration of foreign biological pollutants, which can be caused by ballast water by a physical method, in an extremely efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly way, .

FIG. 3 shows a concept of preventing the inflow of extrinsic biological contaminants by ship ballast water through the vortex formation and the multi-layer filter of the present invention, and the basic concept of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The method for preventing introduction of foreign biological contaminants by ship ballast water according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a step of removing a primary pollutant to remove a biological contaminant contained in marine water by applying a vortex to a marine water, A second pollutant removal step of passing the marine water having passed through the first pollutant removal step through a multi-layer filter formed in a multi-layered structure to remove biological contaminants remaining in the marine water; And a ballast water storage step of filling the ship ballast water storage tank with the marine water having undergone the second pollutant removal step.

In particular, each layer of the multi-layer filter may be filled with an inorganic material having a different particle size by filtration means, and the average particle size of the inorganic material filled in each of the layers may sequentially decrease.

As shown in FIG. 3, the present invention firstly transfers marine water introduced by a pump or the like to a device capable of generating a vortex (vortex), and then takes the vortex-induced marine water again, To obtain a ballast water which has been finally purified, and then to store it in the ship ballast water storage tank.

On the other hand, the marine water introduced by the pump mixes liquid components including various solid components (such as wakame) and micro-microorganisms, and in the ocean water in which the vortex is formed, the pressure of water becomes strong outside the vortex, The water pressure is relatively weak, and the large particles (solid components) move to the edge of the vortex, and the small particles (liquid component) move to the center of the vortex.

Thus, the large particles moved to the outside of the vortex can be separated from the large particles by discharging the vortex to the outside while maintaining the vortex using a separate discharge passage. In addition, although the water pressure is relatively weak at the center of the vortex, the cells of the microbial contaminants such as marine plankton are destroyed by the strong vortex that occurs continuously, and thus a considerable amount of biological contaminants can be removed .

Thereafter, the liquid component that has been swirled in this way is moved to the multi-layer filter through a separate discharge passage.

In order to filter contaminants, various inorganic substances are sequentially filled in the multi-layer filter according to the particle size. Such an inorganic material may be sand or gravel, and the particle size of the inorganic material may be variously formed depending on the size of the pollutant to be filtered. The number of layers of the multi-layer filter may be varied depending on the amount and kind of the pollutant to be filtered It can be implemented in various ways.

The multi-layer filter may be configured such that the marine water moves upward and downward by gravity, but it is also possible to implement the marine water-liquid phase component through the multi-layer filter by using other force without using gravity.

On the other hand, the components of the marine aqua liquid having passed through the vortex can be further passed through a filter membrane having various passing diameters before being introduced into the multi-layer filter, thereby further removing pollutants.

FIG. 1 is a process diagram schematically showing the overall process of a method for preventing inflow of foreign biological contaminants by ship equilibrium water according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a view showing the outline biological pollution This is a conceptual illustration of the overall process of preventing the ingress of material.

1 and 4, the overall process of the present invention will be described in more detail.

As shown in FIG. 1, the method of preventing the inflow of foreign biological contaminants by the ballast water according to the present invention, after introducing the marine water into the ship by a pump, a piping or the like, It is possible.

That is, the step of removing the primary pollutants and the step of removing the secondary pollutants may be carried out in a ship to be filled with ship ballast water.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the method for preventing foreign biological contaminants from entering the marine equilibrium water according to the present invention is characterized in that, prior to the step of removing the first pollutant, And a control step.

The flow rate adjusting step may be performed by appropriately adjusting the amount of the ocean water introduced by the pump so as to continuously maintain the amount of the marine water that can be treated in the vortex or the continuous multi-layer filter process so as not to exceed the reception limit of the vortex and the multi- Is added.

Meanwhile, in the method of preventing foreign biological pollutants from entering by the ballast water of the present invention, the whirlpool used in the step of removing the primary pollutants may be a method in which the gas pressure of the residual gas generated by the fuel used as the power source of the ship And the like.

That is, a large amount of fuel is consumed in order to operate the ship, and a large amount of degassing gas (degas) including a carbon dioxide gas or the like is discharged. The amount and the pressure of the degassed gas are so strong as to continuously rotate the giant turbine. The present inventor has found that such residual degassing gas can be directly supplied to the marine water to be used as ballast water, To develop a method to use it as a power source for formation of ocean water vortex.

When the residual gas is directly applied to the marine water, the residual gas discharge port can be directed to the marine water in a certain direction, and in particular, the number and position of the residual gas discharge ports can be adjusted to induce efficient vortex formation.

Meanwhile, the turbine for vortex formation is connected to a rotary shaft, and the rotary shaft can be positioned at the center of the primary storage tank of the ocean water, and various rotary blades are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft. It is possible to induce a vortex of water. It is possible to control the degree of the vortex to be formed according to the number of revolutions of the vortex forming turbine and the number, size, and installation position of the vortex.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the method for preventing foreign biological contaminants from entering the marine equilibrium water according to the present invention may include a step of removing the primary pollutants (a vortex forming step) and a step of removing the secondary pollutants Layer filter stage), which can filter pollutants depending on the size of the particles using at least one filter filter.

Such filter membranes can be fabricated in various forms and basically can be fabricated in the form of a mesh. The filtration membrane filter may be formed of a hollow filter having a hollow inside and having a thickness so as to have a predetermined passage time. The filtration membrane filter may be installed as needed, or may be installed with two or more continuous filtration diameters reduced. Further, the filtration membrane filter may have a plurality of discharge paths for discharging the marine water through the whirlpool, The number of the filtration membrane filters may be plural. By diversifying the path of the filter membrane filter as described above, it is possible to increase the amount of marine water that can be treated.

In the filtration membrane filter step as described above, it is possible to filter up to 100 μm in diameter of the marine outpatient pollutant.

On the other hand, when the multi-layer filter passes through the final filter layer, it is possible to remove foreign biological contaminants having a particle diameter of 10 mu m.

However, the diameter limit of the pollutant that can be removed through the filtration membrane filter or the multilayer filter can be variously changed according to the pollution degree of marine water, the amount of marine water to be treated, The scope of the invention is not limited to the diameter limit of the pollutant.

The method for preventing introduction of foreign biological contaminants by the ship ballast water according to the present invention is characterized in that after the step of removing the second pollutant, the particle size of the pollutant contained in the ocean water is measured, And a sensor control step of controlling the marine water to be subjected to the second pollutant removal step so that the marine water is injected into the ballast water storage tank when the measured particle size does not exceed the reference value.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, when the size and density of pollutants present in the marine water having passed through the multi-layer filter are measured before storing the marine water into the ballast water storage tank via the multi-layer filter, A sensor control step may be further performed by using a sensor that allows the process of repeating this process to be performed again in the filtration membrane filter step or the duplex filter step.

The method of preventing foreign biological contaminants from entering the equilibrium water storage tank according to the present invention is characterized in that before discharge of the marine water stored in the ballast water storage tank, the hydrogen ion concentration of the ballast water stored in the ballast water storage tank (pH) to a neutral level.

The reason why the ballast water neutralization step is additionally carried out in this manner is that when the degassing gas containing carbon dioxide gas or the like is directly supplied to the marine water as the power source for the formation of the vortex, the marine water may be acidified.

However, when the degassing gas is not directly supplied to the marine water and the marine water is supplied to the turbine capable of rotating the whirlpool as described above, there is no problem that the marine water is acidified, There is no need to hurt.

The inventors of the present invention tried to purify the marine water using various methods as shown in Table 1 below and use it as ship equilibrium water. The advantages and disadvantages thereof are summarized in Table 1 below.

division Filtration efficiency Economics Eco-friendly Swirl Multi-layer filter Good / 10㎛ Removable. You can control the removal effect by particle size Good / easy to structure, low manufacturing cost and low maintenance cost Good / Semi-permanent filter available Automatic backwash filtration device Not good / Less than 70㎛ Not good / back wash at the same time Good / Removes particulate pollutants Multistage disk filter device Usually, less than 50 μm can not be removed. But it is resistant to seawater corrosion and easy to attach and detach filter Cost for installing a normal / multiple filter network Good / Automatic cleaning by pressure difference Combined process unit with homogenizer and electrolysis Good / Electrolytic treatment is widely used. Most surely removable 10μm Not good / Production cost and operating cost are high Remove all normal / viable creatures Coagulation removal by loess Good / It is the most used solution in Korea It is usually / economically difficult to collect a lot of loess Not good / Soil accumulation causes coastal aquatic ecosystem imbalance Coagulation removal using loess and additives Good / Various flocculants exist and are advantageous for practical use Not good / Cost increases rapidly with addition of coagulant Normal / Coagulant Reduce the amount of loess to be drastically reduced Bioreductive biological killing using ammonia salt Not good / Limited to red tide creatures killed by ammonia salt Rapid death in a short time for normal / some species Not good / Ammonium salts may cause marine eutrophication

Referring to Table 1, it can be confirmed that the most economical, efficient, and environmentally friendly cleaning of marine water using a whirlpool and a multi-layer filter as in the present invention is confirmed.

Claims (3)

A flow regulating step of regulating the flow rate of the marine water flowing into the ship;
Removing primary pollutants by adding vortex to the marine water and removing biological contaminants contained in the marine water by vortexing;
A filter membrane filter capable of filtering pollutants according to the size of the particles using at least one filter filter;
A second pollutant removal step of passing the marine water having undergone the first pollutant removal step through a multi-layered filter to remove biological contaminants remaining in the marine water;
When the measured particle size exceeds the reference value, the marine water is subjected to the second pollutant removal step again. If the measured particle size does not exceed the reference value, A sensor control step of controlling to inject water into the ballast water storage tank; And
And a ballast water storage step of filling the ballast water storage tank with the ocean water having undergone the sensor control step,
Wherein each layer of the multi-layer filter is filled with gravel or sand having different particle sizes by filtration means and the average particle size of the gravel or sand filled in each of the layers is sequentially reduced, Prevention of inflow. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the vortex used in the step of removing the primary pollutants is a method for preventing introduction of foreign biological contaminants by the ballast water generated by using the gas pressure of the residual gas generated by the fuel used as the power source of the ship. The method according to claim 1,
A ballast water neutralization step of neutralizing the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of the ballast water stored in the ballast water storage tank by using a basic chemical before discharging the marine water stored in the ballast water storage tank; Method for preventing introduction of foreign biological contaminants by.

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