KR20170130481A - Method for building coke oven - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a construction method of a coke furnace capable of efficiently constructing a coke oven by stacking orthopedic refractories with high accuracy while reducing the burden on a worker without using a large module brick.
1. A method of constructing a coke oven for renewing or establishing a coke oven, comprising the steps of: preparing a block by stacking a plurality of shaped refractories at a place other than the coke oven construction site; A mortar applying step of applying mortar to a position where the block is installed; and a block installing step of installing the block at a position where the mortar is applied, wherein a length of the block in the longitudinal direction is smaller than a length of the coke Of the length of the furnace, and the height of the block is less than 2 m.

Description

METHOD FOR BUILDING COKE OVEN [0002]

The present invention relates to a method of constructing a coke oven for renewing and establishing a coke oven as a whole, and more particularly, it relates to a method of constructing a coke oven, And a method of constructing a coke oven capable of constructing a coke oven.

Metallurgy coke used in iron making is manufactured by carburizing coal in a coke furnace of a room furnace type. A siloxane coke oven is constituted by alternately arranging carbonization chambers and combustion chambers for supplying heat to the carbonization chambers alternately in the furnace width direction and heating the combustion chambers from the combustion chamber to the carbonization chamber through refractory materials such as refractory bricks blocking the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber . Some silk coke furnaces have more than 100 furnaces and can be said to be large brick structures with a total length of 100 m or more and a height of 10 m or more.

The refractory constituting the coke oven is gradually damaged because it is exposed to a high temperature exceeding 1000 캜 and to friction when the coke obtained by carburizing coal is horizontally extruded and taken out. Therefore, the coke oven is used while carrying out partial repair and repairs such as simple repair by a method such as spraying and a request (kiln opening), and generally, the life of the coke oven is 40 to 50 years , It is necessary to renew or build an old coke oven.

The construction of the coke oven (shaft furnace) is usually carried out by manually stacking a cast-iron refractory such as a brick or the like. The work process is specifically described below.

Although the coke furnace has a complicated structure, the connecting surfaces of the upper and lower mold-shaped refractories are horizontal, and are designed to be aligned at the same height as the whole, and are counted from the first stage to the second stage. In the new construction of coke furnace or the refurbishment of the regular refractory structure, a total of hundreds of shaft holes are arranged every several tens of people, and the regular refractories are piled up in order from the bottom of the furnace in one order or two stages per day.

The stacking of the individual shaped refractories in the above operation is carried out as follows. First, the used regular refractory is brought in at a working height using a crane or the like in advance and placed near a construction site. The mortar is produced in a kneader, placed in a container, brought into a work place by a crane or the like, and placed in the vicinity of the installation position in a small fraction. The shaft hole is formed by applying a mortar (butted joint) to a predetermined joint thickness using a trowel at a position where the orthopedic refractory is to be stacked, then putting the orthopedic refractory disposed nearby, It builds an orthopedic refractory. After adjusting the position of the stacked orthopotential refractories by using a horizontal machine or the like, they are moved laterally to a position where the next orthopedic refractory is stacked. By repeating the above procedure, a one-step shaped refractory material is stacked. When the one-minute shaped refractory stacking work is completed, it is checked whether the required precision is achieved. If a problem is found, the part is re-stacked and then the next stage of stacking is performed.

However, there are the following problems in the above-described passageway by manual stacking. First, since the regular refractory used in the coke oven weighs about 5 to 10 kg per one kilometer, both the pre-arrangement of the work site and the actual accumulation are heavy loads for the operator.

Further, unlike bricks for general buildings, coke ovens are required to have a complicated combination of molded refractories of various shapes such as rectangular, trapezoidal, L-shaped, and the like as viewed from the top, A very high precision is required for a typical refractory structure. For example, the wall surface of the combustion chamber is required to have high smoothness, such as irregularities of 1 mm or less. However, since refractory bricks generally used as a typical refractory for coke oven are made by baking, there is an error of about 1 to 2 mm in the dimensions of the individual refractory bricks. Therefore, even when the refractory bricks are simply stacked, it is not possible to satisfy the necessary accuracy. After taking into consideration the variation of the brick dimensions, the bricks are stacked with complicated shapes while manual adjustment is performed so as to obtain the dimensional accuracy with the final coke. I need to go up. Therefore, although the sophisticated functioning of the coke oven pouring operation is required, such a skilled shaft is always insufficient.

For these reasons, development of a method of efficiently carrying out the work of stacking the shaped refractories with a small hand is required.

For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a technique for repairing a part of a heated wall of a coke oven using a large-sized module brick integrally molded. The module bricks are manufactured in advance by pouring a slurry of refractories into a mold and firing them, and the flue and the carbonization chamber walls forming the combustion chamber of the coke oven are integrally molded. In this technique, since the module brick having a size larger than that of the refractory bricks used in the ordinary manual piling is used, the repair work time in the coke oven can be shortened and the work load can be reduced.

Further, in Patent Document 2, a casting mold and a consumable mold (core) are mounted at a point where repair of the refractory brick wall of the coke oven is required, castable materials of the refractory are poured into the mold, And then curing it. In this technique, since there is no need to repair and repair the orthopedic refractory in the initial stage, the workload can be reduced.

Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 04-213388 Japanese Published Patent Publication No. 2011-503254

However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, since a large-sized module manufactured by baking the slurry is used, there is a fear that deformation occurs when heat is applied to the module, which may cause cracking. In addition, when cracks occur in the case of transporting the module to the site, there is a problem that the module becomes larger and the crack becomes longer.

In the technique described in Patent Document 2, since a large portion is integrally formed and fired as compared with a conventional shaped refractory, there is a problem that cracks tend to occur when heat is applied. In addition, the accuracy of the obtained repairing part depends on the accuracy of the mold, and it is difficult to provide the mold with the complicated shape and the mold with the good precision at the maintenance site.

In addition, the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are all for partial repair of coke ovens, and are not considered to be applied to updating or establishing the entire coke oven. In the case of repair, the construction speed is emphasized rather than the construction precision because it is temporary, partial, or the work becomes hot. On the contrary, in the construction of a new furnace, since it is premise to operate the furnace over a long period of time, a remarkably high precision is required as compared with the case of maintenance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of constructing a coke oven for renewing and establishing a coke furnace as a whole, without using a large module brick, The present invention aims to provide a method of constructing a coke oven capable of efficiently constructing a coke oven.

That is, the structure of the present invention is as follows.

1. As a construction method of coke oven for renewal or establishment of coke oven,

A block manufacturing step of stacking a plurality of shaped refractories at a place other than the construction site of the coke oven to produce blocks,

A block transporting step of transporting the block to a coke oven construction site,

A mortar applying step of applying mortar to a position where the block is installed;

And a block installation step of installing the block at a position where the mortar is applied,

Wherein the length of the block in the longitudinal direction is 1/4 to 2/3 of the furnace length of the coke oven, and the height of the block is less than 2 m.

2. The method of constructing a coke oven according to 1, wherein at least one of the blocks constitutes a regenerative chamber of the coke oven.

3. The method of constructing a coke oven according to 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the blocks constitutes a combustion chamber of the coke oven.

4. The method of constructing a coke oven according to any one of the above-mentioned 1 to 3, further comprising a manual refinishing process of a normal refractory material for manually stacking the shaped refractory material at the coke oven construction site.

5. The method for constructing a coke oven according to any one of 1 to 4 above, wherein the block is manufactured by using a robot in the block manufacturing step.

6. The method for constructing a coke furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the block is manufactured by using an arm type robot for stacking up a refractory for shaping and an arm type robot for applying mortar.

According to the coke furnace construction method of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the burden on the operator without using a large-sized module type refractory, build up the refractory with high precision and to construct a coke furnace for renewing and establishing the entire coke furnace Can be performed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a schematic construction method of a coke oven in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

Next, a method for practicing the present invention will be described in detail. Further, the following description shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited at all by the following description. In the following description, unless otherwise stated, the shapes of the molded refractories and the blocks formed by stacking the shaped refractories on the basis of the direction in the state of being mounted on the coke oven are referred to as upper, lower, Vertical, and Height.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a flow chart schematically showing a construction method of a coke oven in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. The method for constructing a coke oven according to the present invention is for updating or establishing a coke oven, and has at least the following steps (1) to (4) as shown in Fig. Then, the processes (3) and (4) are carried out at a coke oven construction site, and the process (1) is performed at a place other than the construction site of the coke oven.

(1) a block manufacturing process in which blocks are formed by stacking a plurality of orthopotential refractories at a place other than the coke oven construction site,

(2) a conveying process for conveying the block to a coke oven construction site,

(3) a mortar applying step of applying mortar to a position where the block is installed, and

(4) A block installation process for installing the block at a position where the mortar is applied.

In the present invention, the term " renewal or new construction of coke furnace " includes a case where a conventional refractory structure is newly constructed on an existing foundation after disassembling and removing the existing refractory structure of coke oven (pad up) A case where a completely new coke oven is constructed, and a case where a new furnace is installed adjacent to an existing coke oven.

Hereinafter, each of the steps (1) to (4) will be described in detail.

[Block manufacturing process]

In the block manufacturing process, a plurality of shaped refractories are piled up at a place other than the construction site of the coke oven to produce blocks. In the coke oven construction site, since the coke oven can be constructed by installing the block, it is possible to reduce the work of manually stacking the standard refractory by one shaft hole in the construction site where the workability is bad as in the past, It is possible to remarkably improve the working efficiency of the apparatus.

The "place other than the construction site of the coke oven" is not particularly limited as long as it is different from the construction site of the coke oven and is capable of stacking the shaped refractories to manufacture the block, and any place can be used. For example, in a place adjacent to a coke oven construction site, such as a land adjacent to a temporary temporary building installed in a place for constructing a coke oven, if the coke oven is built in the steelworks, A manufacturing process can be carried out. It is also possible to manufacture the block at a remote location away from the coke oven construction site. However, considering the time and cost of transportation, it is preferable to conduct the block at a location adjacent to the coke oven construction site. The block manufacturing process is preferably carried out intensively at one point, but it may be carried out at a plurality of places, and the blocks produced at the respective locations may be carried and carried to a construction site with one coke.

The block may be a block for constructing any part of the coke oven. However, if the part having a relatively simple structure or the part having a repetitive structure is blocked, the effect of improving the working efficiency is large. Therefore, It is preferable to configure either the regenerative chamber or the combustion chamber. The upper limit of the number of blocks constituting the regenerative chamber or the combustion chamber is not particularly limited, and all (100%) blocks may constitute a regenerative chamber or a combustion chamber.

[[Orthopedic Refractories]]

The molded refractory for manufacturing the block is not particularly limited, and any shaped refractory such as brick or precast block can be used. Among them, it is preferable to use a typical shaped refractory used for constructing a coke oven by manual piling. By using a typical shaped refractory material, it is possible to design the same furnace as that of the conventional furnace even in the case of using the method according to the present invention, and as a result, it is possible to at least guarantee the furnace performance equivalent to the conventional furnace. In the case of using a large module brick, cracks may spread throughout the entire module when a crack is generated. However, even if a normal type refractory material is used, even if cracks are formed in the normal refractory material, It can be stopped in the orthopedic refractories. The term "normal shaped refractory" as used herein refers not to the module bricks but to the entirety of the regular refractory for manual piling, the dimensions of which are generally 10 to 15 cm in height and 20 to 40 cm in the horizontal direction .

[[Manufacturing of block by manual stacking]]

The manufacture of the block can be carried out by manual stacking. In this case, unlike the case of manually stacking the molded refractory in the coke oven construction site, it is possible to secure a sufficient working space, so that the load on the operator can be reduced even if the same manual stacking is performed. In addition, when a regular refractory is piled up in a coke oven construction site, it is necessary to assemble a patriarch in accordance with the height of the piled up refractory, and to carry out the work thereon. In the present invention, It is not necessary to use a chieftain or the like, and the work can be performed on a ground with a good footing.

[[Manufacturing of Block by Robot]]

The block may be manufactured by using a robot. In this case, since part or all of the manufacturing process of the block can be automated, it is possible to reduce the number of laborers engaged in heavy lifting, such as manual stacking of the shaped refractory material, It is possible to automate some or all of the robot by the robot.

The robot used for manufacturing the block is not particularly limited, and any robot may be used. However, it is preferable to use an arm robot having a movable arm capable of handling a shaped refractory or the like. An example of the arm type robot is a vertical articulated robot, which is a type of industrial robot. Blocks can also be fabricated using arm-type robots for building up refractory materials and arm-type robots for applying mortar.

[[Block Manufacturing Line]]

In addition, regardless of whether the robot is used by manual piling or not, a single block manufacturing line or a plurality of blocks may be used. Since the supply speed of the block to the coke oven construction site can be increased by manufacturing the blocks from a plurality of lines, the number of production lines of the block is preferably 2 or more from the viewpoint of work efficiency, More preferable. On the other hand, although the upper limit of the number of production lines is not particularly limited, even if the number of lines is increased more than necessary, the subsequent block conveying step or the mortar applying step or the block installing step performed in the coke oven construction site is a rate- , It is difficult to further improve the construction speed to the coke oven, and the cost-effectiveness is deteriorated. Therefore, the number of lines can be determined in consideration of the scale of the coke oven, the operation speed in each step, and the like.

[[Block size]]

In the present invention, it is important that the length in the longitudinal direction of the block to be produced in the block manufacturing step is not less than 1/4 and not more than 2/3 of the furnace length of the coke oven to be constructed, and the height of the block is less than 2 m. When the block is manufactured by manual stacking, if the height of the block is excessively high, it is necessary to form the work floor by a method of assembling a chieftain to stack the shaped refractory at a high position. For example, in Japan, when the work is carried out at a height of 2 m or more under the provision of Article 518 of the Occupational Safety and Health Regulations, it is required to form a work floor when there is a fear of a fall. When the height of the block is less than 2 m, even when a block is manufactured by manually stacking the regular refractory, there is no need to install a chieftain or the like to perform a high-level work, and thus the working efficiency is high. When a block is manufactured using a robot, if the height of the block is less than 2 m, the height of the position where the regular refractory is stacked can be set within the movable range of the arm of the general arm type robot. Therefore, since the block can be manufactured only by moving the robot in the horizontal direction, the working efficiency is high. On the other hand, the lower limit of the height of the block is not particularly limited, but is preferably two or more stages of the molded refractory. The length in the longitudinal direction of the block is not particularly limited as long as it is not less than 1/4 and not more than 2/3 of the furnace length of the coke oven being constructed. However, from the viewpoint of workability of the block transportation step described later, More preferably not less than 1/4 and not more than 1/2.

Here, the " length in the longitudinal direction of the block " refers to the length in the longitudinal direction in the horizontal cross section of the block, and " height of the block " refers to the height from the lower surface to the upper surface of the block. The "longitudinal length of the block" and the "height of the block" do not include concavities and convexities such as dowels formed on the side surface, the top surface, and the bottom surface of the block. The " furnace length of the coke furnace " means the length in the longitudinal direction of the individual combustion chamber and the carbonizing chamber constituting the coke furnace. Also, the furnace length of a typical coke currently used is about 15 to 17 m.

[Block transportation process]

The blocks produced in the block manufacturing process are conveyed to a coke oven construction site after drying (drying) is completed. The method of conveying the block in the block conveying step is not particularly limited and may be any method such as a truck, a transporter (a freight conveying truck), a crane or the like depending on the distance between the block manufacturing site and the construction site of the coke. Or a combination of two or more thereof. In the present invention, since the length in the longitudinal direction of the block is 1/4 or more and 2/3 or less of the furnace length of the coke oven and the height of the block is less than 2 m and the block is relatively small, a general transporting method and means can be used , The cost is suppressed. For example, if temporary temporary cargo is installed in the coke oven construction site, the temporary temporary cargo may be transported from the block manufacturing site to the transporter, and in the temporary temporary cargo, the overhead crane and the stage jack may be used in combination to carry the cargo to the construction site . In the block conveying step, the block may be directly conveyed from the block manufacturing site to the construction site of the coke oven construction site. However, the block may be first transported to the block storage site and temporarily stored. The block may be carried from the site to the construction site of the coke oven construction site.

[Mortar coating process]

Next, mortar is applied to a position where the block is installed. The mortar coating method is not particularly limited. Mortar may be applied to the bottom surface or the side surface of the block, in other words, to the top surface or the side surface of the block, similarly to the case of stacking the regular refractory.

Spacers may be provided on a portion of the surface coated with the mortar, which is in contact with the bottom surface of the block to be installed, that is, a portion which becomes a joint in the horizontal direction. In this part, the load of the block is applied, so that the desired joint thickness may not be ensured. Thus, it is possible to easily secure the joint thickness by providing the spacer and installing the block from above. As the spacer, it is preferable to use one having the same height as the joint thickness.

[Block installation process]

Next, a block is installed at the position where the mortar is applied in the mortar applying step. The method of installing the block is not particularly limited. For example, a block lifted by a crane or the like may be installed while adjusting the position on the surface coated with the mortar. By constructing in block units in this way, it is possible to reduce the burden on the operator and accumulate shaped refractories with high precision, compared with the case where the regular refractories are manually stacked one by one.

[Manual Refinement Process of Orthopedic Refractory]

In the coke oven construction method of the present invention, the coke oven can be constructed by repeating the above steps. Further, at that time, the block may be used to construct the entire coke oven, but a part of the coke oven may be manufactured using a block, and the other portion may be manufactured by manual stacking. Particularly, when a part having a relatively simple structure or a part having a repetitive structure is blocked, the effect of improving the working efficiency is great. Therefore, either one or both of the regenerative chamber and the combustion chamber can be manufactured using a block, For example, it is preferable to fabricate the cobbles having a complicated structure by manual stacking.

Industrial availability

According to the coke furnace construction method of the present invention, it is possible to construct the coke oven efficiently by stacking the shaped refractories with high precision while reducing the burden on the operator without using large module bricks. Therefore, it is very effective in renewing and establishing the entire coke oven.

Claims (6)

As a method for constructing a coke oven for renewal or establishment of coke oven,
A block manufacturing step of stacking a plurality of shaped refractories at a place other than the construction site of the coke oven to produce blocks,
A block transporting step of transporting the block to a coke oven construction site,
A mortar applying step of applying mortar to a position where the block is installed;
And a block installation step of installing the block at a position where the mortar is applied,
Wherein the length of the block in the longitudinal direction is 1/4 to 2/3 of the furnace length of the coke oven, and the height of the block is less than 2 m. The method according to claim 1,
And at least one of the blocks constitutes a heat storage chamber of the coke oven. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein at least one of the blocks constitutes a combustion chamber of the coke oven. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Further, a construction method of a coke oven having a manual refinishing process of a normal refractory material for manually stacking a refractory material in a coke oven construction site. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Wherein the block is manufactured by using a robot in the block manufacturing step. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Wherein the block is manufactured by using an arm type robot for stacking up a regular refractory and an arm type robot for applying mortar in the block manufacturing step.

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