WO2016157871A1

WO2016157871A1 - Method for building coke oven

Info

Publication number: WO2016157871A1
Application number: PCT/JP2016/001762
Authority: WO
Inventors: 亀崎　俊一; 榎枝　成治; 岡田　淳; 久宏松永
Original assignee: Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
Priority date: 2015-03-30
Filing date: 2016-03-25
Publication date: 2016-10-06
Also published as: EP3279290A1; KR20190064688A; EP3279290A4; TW201641679A; TWI609954B; EP3279290B1; JPWO2016157871A1; CN107429166B; CN107429166A; KR102122191B1; KR20170130481A; JP6008071B1

Abstract

Provided is a method for building a coke oven efficiently by stacking regular-sized refractories with high accuracy and reducing workers' burden without using large module bricks. This method for building a coke oven for renewal or new construction of the coke oven comprises: a block fabricating step of fabricating a block by stacking a plurality of regular-sized refractories in a place other than the building site of the coke oven; a block transporting step of transporting the block to the coke oven building site; a mortar applying step of applying mortar to a position for placing the block; and a block placing step of placing the block in the position to which the mortar has been applied. The length of the block in the longitudinal direction is a quarter to two-thirds of the length of the coke oven, and the height of the block is less than 2 m.

Description

Coke oven construction method

The present invention relates to a method for constructing a coke oven for the renewal or new installation of a coke oven, and in particular, without using a large module brick, reducing the burden on an operator, and forming a standard with high accuracy. The present invention relates to a method for constructing a coke oven capable of stacking refractories and constructing a coke oven efficiently.

Metallurgical coke used for iron making is produced by dry distillation of coal in a chamber furnace coke oven. A chamber-type coke oven is configured by alternately arranging a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber that supplies heat to the carbonization chamber in the furnace width direction, such as a refractory brick that separates the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber. Heat is supplied from the combustion chamber to the carbonization chamber via the refractory. Some furnace-type coke ovens have more than 100 furnace chambers, and can be said to be huge brick structures with a total length of 100 m or more and a height of 10 m or more.

Refractories constituting the coke oven are gradually damaged because they are exposed to high temperatures exceeding 1000 ° C. and friction when coke obtained by carbonizing the coal is extruded horizontally and taken out. Therefore, coke ovens are used with simple repairs such as thermal spraying and partial transshipment repairs, mainly kiln entrances, but they are generally used for 40 to 50 years. It is necessary to renew and install new coke ovens.

The construction of a coke oven (construction) is usually carried out by building a standard refractory such as bricks by a builder. The work process is specifically as described below.

The coke oven has a complex structure, but the upper and lower fixed refractories are connected horizontally and are designed to be aligned at the same height throughout. The first and second stages are counted from the bottom. . In the construction of a new coke oven or renewal of a standard refractory structure, a total of hundreds of builders are arranged in a certain range of several tens each, one or two stages per day in order from the bottom of the furnace. Stack regular refractories.

積み Stacking of each standard refractory in the above work is performed as follows. First, the standard refractory to be used is carried in advance to the working height using a crane or the like, and is placed near the construction position. In addition, the mortar is manufactured with a kneading machine, then put into a container, carried into a work place with a crane or the like, divided into small portions, and arranged near the construction position. The builder applies mortar to the specified joint thickness using a trowel at the position where the standard refractory is to be stacked (Mukae Toro), then takes the standard refractory placed nearby, and the air Place regular refractories on the mortar so as not to bite. After adjusting the position of the loaded standard refractory using a leveler or the like, it moves laterally to the position where the next standard refractory is loaded. By repeating the above procedure, one stage of standard refractory is loaded. When the standard refractory stacking work for one stage is completed, it is confirmed whether the required accuracy is achieved. If a problem is found, the part is reloaded and then the next stage stacking work is started.

However, there are the following problems with the above-mentioned manual construction. First, the standard refractories used in coke ovens weigh about 5 to 10 kg, so both prior arrangement at the work place and actual stacking are heavy labor, and a considerable load on the workers. It becomes.

Also, unlike ordinary building bricks, the coke oven must be constructed by combining complex shapes of refractories with various shapes such as rectangular, trapezoidal, and L-shaped when viewed from above. In addition, extremely high accuracy is required for the fixed refractory structure of the coke oven. For example, the wall surface of the combustion chamber is required to have high smoothness such that the unevenness is 1 mm or less. However, since refractory bricks generally used as a standard refractory for a coke oven are made by firing, there is an error of about 1 to 2 mm in the size of each refractory brick. Therefore, simply stacking refractory bricks does not meet the required accuracy, while taking into account the variation in brick dimensions, while making manual adjustments to obtain the final coke oven dimensional accuracy. It is necessary to pile up bricks with complicated shapes. Therefore, a very high skill is required for the regular refractory stacking operation of the coke oven, but such a skilled furnace builder is always in short supply.

For the above reasons, there is a need to develop a method for efficiently stacking standard refractories and using a small number of hands.

For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a technique for repairing a transposed portion of a heating wall of a coke oven using a large module brick formed integrally. The module brick is manufactured in advance by pouring a refractory slurry into a formwork, and then fired in advance. The flue forming the combustion chamber of the coke oven and the wall of the carbonization chamber are formed integrally. Has been. In this technique, module bricks having a size larger than that of the refractory bricks used in normal stacking are used. Therefore, the repair work time in the coke oven can be shortened, and the work load can be reduced.

Moreover, in patent document 2, after attaching an outer formwork and a consumable inner formwork (core) to the place where repair of the refractory brick wall of a coke oven is required, and pouring a refractory castable material into the inside of the formwork Techniques for firing and curing have been proposed. In this technique, it is not necessary to carry out repairs by stacking fixed refractories in the first place, so that the work load can be reduced.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 04-213388 Special table 2011-503254 gazette

However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, since a large module manufactured by firing a slurry is used, there is a risk that the module will be distorted when it is heated. In addition, if a crack occurs when the module is transported to the site, there is a problem that the crack becomes longer due to the larger module.

Similarly, the technique described in Patent Document 2 also has a problem that cracks are likely to occur when heat is applied because a large portion is integrally molded and fired as compared with a normal fixed refractory. Moreover, although the accuracy of the repaired part obtained depends on the accuracy of the mold, it is difficult to accurately install the outer mold and the consumable mold in a complicated shape at the repair site.

In addition, the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are for partial repair of the coke oven, and are not considered to be applied to renewal or new installation of the coke oven. In the case of repair, construction speed is more important than construction accuracy because it is temporary and partial, and work is hot. On the other hand, in the construction of a new furnace, since it is assumed that the furnace will be operated for a long period of time, much higher accuracy is required than in the case of repair.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is a method for constructing a coke oven for the renewal or new installation of a coke oven, which does not require the use of large module bricks. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a coke oven capable of efficiently building a coke oven by stacking regular refractories with high accuracy while reducing the amount.

That is, the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows.
1. A method for constructing a coke oven for renewal or establishment of a coke oven,
A block manufacturing process for manufacturing a block by stacking a plurality of standard refractories in a place other than the construction place of the coke oven;
A block transporting process for transporting the block to a coke oven construction site;
A mortar application step of applying mortar at the position where the block is installed;
A block installation step of installing the block at a position where the mortar is applied;
A method for constructing a coke oven, wherein the longitudinal length of the block is ¼ or more and ２ or less of the length of the coke oven, and the height of the block is less than 2 m.

2. The method for constructing a coke oven according to the above 1, wherein at least one of the blocks constitutes a heat storage chamber of the coke oven.

3. 3. The method for constructing a coke oven according to 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the blocks constitutes a combustion chamber of the coke oven.

4). 4. The method for constructing a coke oven according to any one of 1 to 3, further comprising a regular refractory material stacking step of manually laminating the regular refractory material at a coke oven construction site.

5. 5. The method for constructing a coke oven according to any one of 1 to 4, wherein a block is manufactured in the block manufacturing process using a robot.

6). The method for constructing a coke oven according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the block is manufactured in the block manufacturing process by using a standard refractory stacking arm type robot and a mortar coating arm type robot.

According to the construction method of the coke oven of the present invention, without using a large-sized modular fixed refractory, the burden on the operator is reduced, and the fixed refractories are stacked with high accuracy, and the entire coke oven is updated or newly installed. Construction of coke oven for can be done.

It is a flowchart which shows the outline of the construction method of the coke oven in one Embodiment of this invention.

Next, a method for carrying out the present invention will be specifically described. The following description shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following description. In the following description, unless otherwise specified, the standard refractory and the block manufactured by stacking the standard refractory on the basis of the orientation in the state of being incorporated in the coke oven, the top, bottom, horizontal Use the terms vertical, and height.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an outline of a method for constructing a coke oven according to an embodiment of the present invention. The coke oven construction method of the present invention is for renewal or new installation of a coke oven, and has at least the following steps (1) to (4) as shown in FIG. The steps (3) and (4) are performed at the coke oven construction site, while the step (1) is performed at a location other than the coke oven construction site.
(1) A block manufacturing process for producing a block by stacking a plurality of standard refractories in a place other than the construction place of the coke oven,
(2) A transporting process for transporting the block to a coke oven construction site,
(3) A mortar application step of applying mortar at a position where the block is installed, and (4) a block installation step of installing the block at a position where the mortar is applied.
In addition, in the “renewal or new installation of a coke oven” in the present invention, when a standard refractory structure is newly constructed on an existing foundation after dismantling and removing the existing standard refractory structure of the coke oven (pad-up) ), When a completely new coke oven is constructed, or when a new furnace group is added adjacent to the existing coke oven.
Hereinafter, the steps (1) to (4) will be specifically described.

[Block manufacturing process]
In the block manufacturing process, a block is manufactured by stacking a plurality of standard refractories at a place other than the construction place of the coke oven. Since the coke oven can be constructed by installing the block at the coke oven construction site, the work of building a standard refractory one by one at the construction site with poor workability as in the past The working efficiency at the construction site can be significantly improved.

The “location other than the construction site of the coke oven” is not particularly limited as long as it is different from the construction site of the coke oven and can build blocks by stacking regular refractories. Can be used. For example, if the coke oven is to be constructed in a steelworks, a location adjacent to a coke oven construction site, such as land adjacent to a temporary roof provided in a location for constructing a coke oven, The block manufacturing process can be performed at other locations. Further, although the block can be manufactured at a remote place away from the coke oven construction site, it is preferable to carry out the block at a location adjacent to the coke oven construction site in consideration of transportation time and cost. It is desirable for the block manufacturing process to be centralized at one location for efficiency, but it should be performed at multiple locations, and the blocks manufactured at each location should be transported and carried to one coke oven construction site. You can also.

The block can be a block for constituting any part of the coke oven. However, if a part having a relatively simple structure or a part having a repetitive structure is made into a block, the effect of improving work efficiency is great. Therefore, it is preferable that at least one of the blocks is configured to constitute either a heat storage chamber or a combustion chamber. Among the blocks used, the upper limit of the number of those constituting the heat storage chamber or the combustion chamber is not particularly limited, and all (100%) blocks may constitute the heat storage chamber or the combustion chamber.

[[Standard refractories]]
The fixed refractory for producing the block is not particularly limited, and any fixed refractory such as a brick or a precast block can be used. Especially, it is preferable to use the normal fixed refractory material used when constructing a coke oven by hand. By using a regular refractory, it is possible to design a furnace similar to the conventional one even when building a furnace by the method of the present invention. As a result, at least the performance of the conventional furnace is guaranteed. It becomes possible to do. In addition, when large module bricks are used, cracks may spread over the entire module when cracks occur. However, if regular regular refractories are used, the regular refractories may be cracked. However, the propagation of the crack can be confined within one fixed refractory. The normal fixed refractory here refers to all fixed refractories for hand-stacking that are not modular bricks, but the dimensions are generally 10 to 15 cm in height and the length in the horizontal direction. Is 20 to 40 cm.

[[Manufacturing blocks by hand]]
The block can be manufactured by hand. In this case, unlike the case of manually loading standard refractories at the coke oven construction site, it is possible to secure a sufficient work space, thus reducing the burden on workers even with the same load. Can do. In addition, when loading standard refractories at the coke oven construction site, it is necessary to build a scaffold according to the height of the stacked regular refractories and work on it. Since the work of loading the standard refractory is performed at a place different from the place, there is no need to use a scaffold or the like, and the work can be performed on the ground with good feet.

[[Manufacturing blocks by robot]]
The block can be manufactured using a robot. In this case, part or all of the manufacturing process of the block can be automated, so the number of workers engaged in heavy labor, such as the handling of regular refractory materials, can be reduced, and standard skills that require advanced skills Part or all of the refractory stacking operation can be automated by the robot.

The robot used for manufacturing the block is not particularly limited, and any robot can be used. However, an arm type robot having a movable arm capable of handling a fixed refractory or the like is used. preferable. An example of the arm-type robot is a vertical articulated robot that is a kind of industrial robot. Moreover, a block can also be manufactured using a standard refractory stacking arm type robot and a mortar coating arm type robot.

[[Block production line]]
It should be noted that the block production line may be one or plural, regardless of whether it is performed manually or using a robot. If the blocks are manufactured with a plurality of lines, the supply speed of the blocks to the coke oven construction site can be increased. Therefore, from the viewpoint of work efficiency, the number of block manufacturing lines is preferably 2 or more, and 3 or more. More preferably. On the other hand, the upper limit of the number of production lines is not particularly limited, but even if the number of lines is increased more than necessary, the subsequent block transportation process, the mortar coating process and the block installation process performed at the coke oven construction site become the rate-limiting process. Therefore, it becomes difficult to further improve the construction speed of the coke oven, and the cost effectiveness is reduced. Therefore, the number of lines may be determined in consideration of the scale of the coke oven, the working speed in each process, and the like.

[[Block size]]
In the present invention, it is important that the longitudinal length of the block manufactured in the block manufacturing process is not less than 1/4 and not more than 2/3 of the length of the coke oven to be constructed, and the height of the block is less than 2 m. It is. When manufacturing the blocks by hand, if the height of the block is excessively high, it is necessary to provide a work floor by a method such as assembling a scaffold in order to load the standard refractory at a high position. For example, in Japan, according to the provisions of Article 518 of the Occupational Safety and Health Regulations, it is required to provide a work floor when there is a risk of crash when working at a height of 2 m or more. If the height of the block is less than 2 m, work efficiency is high even when a block is manufactured by hand-loading a standard refractory, since there is no need to install a scaffold or the like to perform work at a high place. Further, when manufacturing a block using a robot, if the height of the block is less than 2 m, the height of the position where the standard refractory is loaded is within the movable range of the arm of a general arm type robot. be able to. Therefore, since the block can be manufactured only by moving the robot in the horizontal direction, the work efficiency is high. On the other hand, the lower limit of the height of the block is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use two or more regular refractories. Also, there is no problem if the length of the block in the longitudinal direction is not less than 1/4 and not more than 2/3 of the length of the coke oven to be constructed. Is more preferably ¼ or more and ½ or less of the length of the coke oven.

Here, the “length in the longitudinal direction of the block” means the length in the longitudinal direction of the block in the horizontal direction, and the “height of the block” means the height from the lower surface to the upper surface of the block. . The “length in the longitudinal direction of the block” and the “height of the block” do not include irregularities such as dowels provided on the side surface, top surface, and bottom surface of the block. Further, “the length of the coke oven” means the length in the longitudinal direction of each combustion chamber and carbonization chamber constituting the coke oven. Note that the length of a general coke oven currently used is about 15 to 17 m.

[Block transportation process]
The block manufactured in the block manufacturing process is transported to the coke oven construction site after drying is completed. The method of transporting the block in the block transport process is not particularly limited, and it is optional for trucks, transporters (self-propelled transport carts), cranes, etc., depending on the distance between the block manufacturing location and the coke oven construction location, etc. These methods can be used alone or in combination. In the present invention, the length of the block in the longitudinal direction is not less than ¼ and not more than 2/3 of the length of the coke oven, and the height of the block is less than 2 m. , Means can be used and the cost can be reduced. For example, if a temporary roof is installed at the coke oven construction site, transport from the block manufacturing site to the temporary store using a transporter, and use a ceiling crane and a stage jack together to transport to the construction site. can do. In the block transport process, the block can be transported directly from the block manufacturing site to the construction location at the coke oven construction site. Depending on the block, the block may be transported from the block storage location to the construction location at the coke oven construction site.

[Mortar application process]
Next, mortar is applied to the position where the block is installed. The method of applying the mortar is not particularly limited. Similarly to the case of stacking the regular refractory, if the mortar is applied to the position where the bottom and sides of the block come into contact, in other words, the top and sides of the position where the block is installed. Good.

A spacer can also be installed on the surface of the mortar-coated surface that comes into contact with the bottom surface of the block to be installed, that is, the portion that serves as a horizontal joint. The part may not have the desired joint thickness due to the load of the block. Therefore, it is possible to easily secure the joint thickness by installing a spacer and installing a block from above. It is preferable to use a spacer having the same height as the joint thickness.

[Block installation process]
Next, a block is installed at a position where the mortar is applied in the mortar application step. Although the installation method of a block is not specifically limited, For example, what is necessary is just to install the block lifted with the crane etc., adjusting the position on the surface where the mortar was applied. Thus, by constructing in units of blocks, it is possible to reduce the burden on the operator and stack the standard refractories with high accuracy as compared with the case where the standard refractories are manually stacked one by one.

[Standard refractory handling process]
In the method for constructing a coke oven of the present invention, a coke oven can be constructed by repeating the above steps. In this case, the entire coke oven can be constructed using the above-mentioned block, but a part of the coke oven can be produced using the block, and the other part can be produced manually. In particular, if a part having a relatively simple structure or a part having a repetitive structure is made into a block, since the effect of improving the working efficiency is great, one or both of the heat storage chamber and the combustion chamber are produced using a block, Other parts, for example, a corbel having a complicated structure, are preferably produced by hand.

According to the construction method of the coke oven of the present invention, without using a large module brick, the fixed refractory is loaded with high accuracy and the coke oven is efficiently constructed while reducing the burden on the operator. Can do. Therefore, it is extremely effective for the renewal and new installation of the coke oven.

Claims

A method for constructing a coke oven for renewal or establishment of a coke oven,
A block manufacturing process for manufacturing a block by stacking a plurality of standard refractories in a place other than the construction place of the coke oven;
A block transporting process for transporting the block to a coke oven construction site;
A mortar application step of applying mortar at the position where the block is installed;
A block installation step of installing the block at a position where the mortar is applied;
A method for constructing a coke oven, wherein the longitudinal length of the block is ¼ or more and ２ or less of the length of the coke oven, and the height of the block is less than 2 m.
The method for constructing a coke oven according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the blocks constitutes a heat storage chamber of the coke oven.
The method for constructing a coke oven according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the blocks constitutes a combustion chamber of the coke oven.
The method for constructing a coke oven according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a regular refractory hand loading step of manually laminating the regular refractory material at a coke oven construction site.
The method for constructing a coke oven according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a block is manufactured in the block manufacturing process using a robot.
The method for constructing a coke oven according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a block is manufactured in the block manufacturing process by using a standard refractory stacking arm type robot and a mortar coating arm type robot.