KR20170089402A - Method for Cultivation of Fragrant Mushroom - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for cultivating shiitake. By utilizing mitochondrion activation materials (MAMs) of shiitake, mitochondria of shiitake are activated. Thus, a growth speed is increased, and active ingredients (lentinan) are increased. The method comprises the steps of: (A) preparing an oak tree having epidermis; (B) forming a starter hole on the tree, and feeding and inoculating a shiitake starter to the formed starter hole; (C) performing main laying on the wood (bed log), to which the shiitake starter is fed, under conditions of a shade place of 60-70% and a sunny place of 40-30%, and after 15 days performing inoculation tree management by spraying water once a week; (D) performing bed log standing on the starter-rooted tree in which hyphae is grown by 80% or greater in an autumn season which is from November to December or next February; (E) producing an MAM liquid including MAMs of shiitake; and (F) repeatedly spraying the generated MAM liquid to the bed log with an interval of 15 days before harvest.

Description

{Method for Cultivation of Fragrant Mushroom}

The present invention relates to a method of cultivating shiitake mushroom, in particular, activating mitochondria of mushroom by activating mitochondrial activation materials (MAM) of mushroom mitochondrion to increase the growth rate and increase the growth rate of active ingredient [Lentinan )] Of the mushroom cultivation method.

Lentinus edodes is an edible mushroom belonging to the genus Bacillus subtilis and pine mushroom in the spring and autumn. It is a wood white rot fungus which grows on the stump and grows on the stump. Korea, China, Japan, Southeast Asia , And New Zealand (Kim et al., 2003). Shiitake mushrooms contain 81.8 ~ 90% of water, and it contains protein, amino acids, fat, ash, minerals, vitamins and dietary fiber. Dietary fiber contains fibrous components and various polysaccharides on the cell walls of mushrooms (Bartnicki-Garcia, 1968). The physiological characteristics of shiitake mushrooms include anticancer effect, antimicrobial activity, hepatitis B treatment effect, and antiviral studies. Among the studies, lentinan, a β-1,3 glucan isolated from mushroom fruiting body, has not been shown to have anticancer effects directly, but it has been reported that it enhances immune function by participating in host mediated immune response (Chihara , 1992).

The natural distribution of shiitake mushrooms is on the Korean Peninsula, Japan, China, Taiwan, the Philippines, Cerebes, New Guinea and Nepal. The natural shiitake mushroom is grown in the natural forest with the spore of the shiitake mushroom attached to the wind or the dead tree.

In the past, we took advantage of this point and used a primitive cultivation method that leaves an ax mark on the wood slice and waits for the seed to grow with it. After that, the mushroom cultivated by artificially cultivating mushroom fungus and then inoculating it into the logs has developed into a highland logging method, and the productivity of the elevation has been greatly improved.

Particularly, oak has a high density and is made of a hard material, and a method of cultivating oak mushroom using the characteristics of such oak has been developed. That is, a method of cultivating shiitake mushroom has already been developed by utilizing the method of the noi cultivation method, the method of cultivating the facility house, and the sawdust cultivation method.

However, the conventional method of cultivating shiitake mushroom is merely a method for cultivating shiitake mushroom, and studies or attempts to increase the composition of shiitake mushroom have hardly been made.

Open Patent Publication No. 10-2010-0071155 (published date June 29, 2010) Patent Registration No. 10-1381711 (registered date: March 31, 2014)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of activating mitochondria of mitochondria using Mitochondrion Activation Materials (MAM) (Lentinan), which is an effective method for cultivating shiitake mushroom.

Other objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of cultivating a mushroom of the present invention comprising the steps of: (A) preparing an oak seedlings having a skin; (B) forming a seedling hole in the wood, (C) a step of laying the log (alley) into which the shiitake mushroom has been introduced under the condition of 60% to 70% of shade and 40% to 30% of sunshine, (D) stepping up the alley in the fall season, which is between November and December or the following February, and (D) (E) producing an MAM solution containing Mitochondrial Activation Materials (MAM) of mushroom mitochondria; and (F) repeatedly spraying the generated MAM solution in alleys at intervals of 15 days before harvesting Including (M) of the mushroom mitochondria in the step (E) is 27 to 33 wt% of titanium dioxide, 18 to 22 wt% of zinc oxide, kaolinite, : 9 to 11 wt%, Montmorillonite: 18 to 22 wt%, and Beidelite: 18 to 22 wt%.

Preferably, the step (A) comprises: drying oak seedlings having epidermis having a diameter of 10 to 20 cm from November to February; drying the oak seedlings from the shade; and drying the dried oak timber to a length of 1 to 1.2 m And the step of cutting is carried out to the inoculation site.

Preferably, the step (C) is a step of keeping the wood (alley) into which the shiitake mushroom has been introduced in a place where ventilation and drainage are well, keeping the humidity at 70 to 80%, keeping the temperature at 20 to 28 ° C, A step of laying down a tree (alley) into which the shiitake mushroom seedlings have been laid down by one month at a time, .

Preferably, the step (D) is a step of spraying lime or veno ram wettable powder before the alley is set up, and a step of setting the distance between the logs to be about 15 cm The method comprising the steps of:

Preferably, in step (E), the MAM solution is 100% of the stock solution of the MAM, or the ratio of the stock solution of MAM to water is 200 times (200 (water): 1 (MAM solution) 1 < / RTI > (MAM solution)).

Preferably, the amount of the MAM liquid sprayed in the step (F) is sprayed for about 10 seconds per one alley.

As described above, the mushroom cultivation method according to the present invention activates the mitochondria of mushroom using a special mixture of mushroom mitochondrial activation material (MAM), thereby shortening the growth time of mushroom And it is effective in mass production of shiitake mushroom which is bulky and has a dense structure and is not easily damaged and has excellent taste.

In particular, anticancer substances such as Lentinan, which is an active ingredient, are more abundant than existing shiitake mushrooms, and it is possible to exert high functionality of shiitake mushroom with various vitamins and fiber richness.

1 is a flow chart for explaining a mushroom cultivation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart for explaining a process of spraying MAM liquid on an alley in FIG. 1
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the mitochondria of shiitake mushroom described in Fig.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Preferred embodiments of the method for cultivating shiitake mushrooms according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. It is provided to let you know. Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, various equivalents It should be understood that water and variations may be present.

1 is a flow chart for explaining a mushroom cultivation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, first, a log of 10 to 20 cm in diameter is prepared from the oak with epidermis so as to effectively protect moisture and mycelium (S100). At this time, mycelium growth is faster than 8cm in diameter, but the flesh quality of mushroom is thin and the bending life is short. The above-mentioned logging of logs should be carried out from November to February. More specifically, logs are harvested in winter and transported to the inoculation site in February. At this time, the length of civil work is cut at 1 ~ 1.2m intervals and dried by shade.

Then, a seedling hole is formed in the wood to which the shiitake mushroom seedlings can be placed, and the mushroom seedlings are injected into the seeds of the seeds to be inoculated (S200). The seeds are classified into mesophilic (10 ~ 20 ℃) and low temperature (8 ~ 18 ℃). The mesophilic property is for summer cultivation, and the low temperature is for spring and autumn cultivation (most preferred). The main cultivars are Mori 209, y602, Yujiro, etc. Inoculation of the seedlings begins in early February. Also, the size of the seed pores formed is about 13 mm, the rotation speed is preferably 6,000 ~ 10,000 RPM, and the pores are formed at intervals of about 5 cm. Also, the styrofoam stopper attached to the seeds is kept at a distance of 1 to 2 mm from the surface of the tree, and the seed hole is punched in a zigzag shape. On the other hand, seed injection (inoculation) is carried out in the shade in the mild weather with less wind.

Next, the logs (alleys) to which the mushroom seeds were injected into the seedlings were laid down under the condition of about 70% of the shade and about 30% of the shade of the shade, and after 15 days, the shade stock management was performed once a week (S300). At this time, the bouncing is constituted by stacking of pillows or pillow stacking, and watering is prohibited until 15 days after the seedling inoculation. If the quantity of water to be fished is too small, the red mushroom will occur. If the quantity of water to be fished is exceeded, rubber mushroom will occur.

On the other hand, it is suitable to keep the temperature of 20-28 占 폚 in a place where ventilation and drainage are good, humidity of 70-80%, and inclination of the south facing direction. Then, the lumber (alley) into which the above-described tumbled mushroom seedlings are introduced is flipped once a month.

In this way, the seedlings that have been inoculated through the control of the accessory trees will have a flower pattern on the ring around June. As a result, (S400). At this time, before setting up the alley, lime or veno ram wetting agent is sprayed in advance, and about 20 to 30 lines per square meter are set up so that a part of the wood is downward. In other words, the distance between the logs and the logs is about 15cm in diameter.

Next, MAM solution containing Mitochondrion Activation Materials (MAM) of mushroom mitochondria is generated, and the MAM solution is repeatedly sprayed at intervals of 15 days until the harvested MAM solution is collected (S500). At this time, the amount of MAM liquid to be sprayed is about 10 seconds per one alley, which should be the same amount as the existing water application amount, and the amount of MAM liquid to be sprayed depends on the quantity of mushroom, weather, season and know- Adjustable. However, repeated spraying at 15 day intervals is limited.

The composition ratio of the active substance (MAM) of the mushroom mitochondria is 27 to 33 wt% of titanium dioxide, 18 to 22 wt% of zinc oxide, 9 to 11 wt% of kaolinite, (Montmorillonite): 18 to 22 wt%, and Beidelite: 18 to 22 wt%.

The MAM solution is a solution prepared by directly using the undiluted solution of MAM or by diluting the undiluted solution of MAM with water. The ratio of the undiluted solution of MAM to water is 200 times (200 (water): 1 (MAM solution) It is possible to increase the ratio of water to drain (1,200 (water): 1 (MAM solution)). The smaller the water ratio, the better the effect. The experimental results according to this effect will be described in detail below.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining in detail the process of spraying the MAM liquid on the alley.

)소단위가 STE20단백질을 활성화한다(S510). 참고로, 이러한 작용들은 본 발명인이 자체 실험을 통해서 알게 된 사실로서 확인된 것으로, 보다 신뢰성 있는 조사를 위해 본 기능들에 따른 내용은 현재 본 발명인의 요청에 의해 한국식품연구원에서 진행 중에 있다.Referring to FIG. 2, when the MAM solution is repeatedly sprayed, the MAM material acts on the G protein of the mitochondrial outer membrane by titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. The α (α) subunit of the G protein is converted to the GTP type by Kaolinite and Montmorillonite, and the β (β) -gamma of G protein is converted to GTP by Beidelite

) Subunit activates the STE20 protein (S510). For reference, these operations have been confirmed as the facts that have been discovered through the self-experiment of the present invention. For more reliable investigation, contents according to these functions are currently being processed by the Korea Food Research Institute at the request of the present inventors.

This activated STE20 protein acts on the inner membrane of mitochondria, activating the MAP kinase pathway comprising STE11-STE7-FUS3, which is complexed by the interposition of the inner membrane STE5 protein (S520).

In this case, the STE20 protein is a kind of protein in mitochondria of shiitake mushroom. The STE20 protein is involved in the activation of mitochondrial outer membrane cells of shiitake mushroom shown in Fig. 3. The STE5 protein is a kind of protein in mushroom mitochondria, Mitochondrial mushrooms are involved in the activation of endothelial cells. In addition, the pathway of MAP phosphorylation refers to a process in which MAP phosphorylation acts. MAP phosphorylase stimulates the cristae in mitochondrion mushroom to increase cell division rate, Metabolism, and so on. In addition, STE11-STE7-FUS3 is a complex of proteins as constituents of MAP phosphorylase, and FAR1 is involved in the metabolism of a cell of a protein contained in chromosomes of mushroom mitochondria (http: // www. scienceall.com/%eb%af%b8%ed%86%a0%ec%bd%98%eb%93%9c%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84mitochondria/))).

The activated MAP kinase phosphorylates the FAR1 protein and promotes the activity of the cyclin dependent protein (CDK). The MAP kinase promotes the activity of Crista by stimulating the mitochondrial Crista to produce respiration and energy production (S530). This causes the metabolism of shiitake mushrooms.

The mushroom cultivated by this cultivation method is harvested (S600). At this time, in the conventional method, the harvest was possible from the second year after the inoculation. By applying the MAM technology of the present invention, harvesting is possible from the first year after inoculation (S600).

< 1st  Experiment>

In the first experiment, the components of mushroom harvested by applying the MAM technique of the present invention were analyzed by analyzing components of mushroom harvested using only existing water.

The first experiment was conducted on May 21, 2015 at "MJ Bio Co., Ltd." located in Osan, Gyeonggi Province based on 100g of mushroom and cultivated according to the present invention using mushroom and MAM technology The shiitake mushroom was sampled and its components were analyzed.

Table 1 below shows the components of mushroom harvested by applying the MAM technology of the present invention in comparison with the components of mushroom harvested by conventional cultivation methods.

division potassium calcium iron content Niacin protein Carbohydrate Vitamin C Folic acid Lentinan By conventional cultivation method
Shiitake mushrooms 256.00mg 4.00 mg 1.20 mg 3.80 mg 2.00 g 5.50 g 5.00 g 47.00 g 1.8 g The shiitake mushroom 415.7 mg 7.12 mg 2.34 mg 4.20 mg 11.0 g 8.75g 13.8g 59.00 g 3.45 g

As shown in the results of the experiment shown in Table 1, the mushroom cultivated by the cultivation method of the present invention is higher in potassium, calcium, iron, niacin, protein, saccharide, vitamin C, (Lentinan) as well as improved functionality of shiitake mushrooms.

Especially, the most important function of Lentinan is anticancer effect, strengthening of immunity, antimicrobial activity against bacteria and antiviral ability against various viruses. It is twice richer than existing shiitake mushroom, rich in various vitamins and fibrin, It is obvious that the mushroom cultivated by the cultivation method of the present invention has such an effect.

For reference, the lentinan is a proven component of its main functions already in the life sciences literature (see the Naver Knowledge Bibliography (http://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=425319&cid=42411&categoryId=42411 ), The contents of which are known as "functions as a T cell enhancer, activation of macrophages, inactivation of the complement component 3, and activation of the complement second pathway (propperidine group) In addition, it has been known that the resistance to parasites such as Japanese schistosomiasis is enhanced by the action of Poria cocos. There is also β-1,3-glucan (average degree of polymerization DP of about 200) called pachyman, which has positive anti-polymorphism in sclerotinia. However, except for the side chain in which a small amount exists, the positivity of anti-pancreas increases.

Accordingly, a key technical content of the present invention is an invention for a method for cultivating mushroom to enhance lentinan as an active ingredient and to exhibit high functionality of mushroom with various vitamins and fiber richness, Effect, immunity enhancement, antimicrobial activity against bacteria, and antiviral ability against various viruses.

&Lt; Second Experiment &

Lentinus through the mixed composition solution of the present invention Mycelial growth rate experiment (Experiment 1) and hyphae density (Mycelial Growth Density and by using "Water Mixture" in Lentinus edodes) of edodes) experiment (Experiment 2)

(1) Test material collection: 8 kinds (control (100% water), stock solution (stock solution of special mixture of MAM), 200 (200 (water): 1 (undiluted)) drainage, 400 times, 600 times, 800 times, 1000 times, 1200 times)

(2) Test design: Shiitake through "Water Mixture" ( Lentinus mycelial growth and hyphae density of edodes) (Mycelial Growth Density and by using OTM in Lentinus edodes)

(3) Mushroom basic sawdust medium composition and column repeat

 - Volume 70cc / Weight 50g

 - Cotton fiber 80% + Rice bran 20% (fully mixed and 65% controlled)

 - 3 iterations x 5 processing + Control = 18 column

 - High pressure sterilization at 121 ° C for 40 minutes

 - Petri-dish Mycelium min 1cm x 1cm peel off

 - incubation at 25 ℃ incubation room (dark)

 - Mycelial growth rate (length) measurement at 5 days interval: marked with namepen

 - When the mycelial growth is completed,

 - Mycelial density survey: ++ if you grow your hyphae compactly, usually ++, weakly +

 - Compare with Control.

 - Find the best treatment.

Experiment (1). Mycelial Growth Rate Experiment with Different Mixture Composition Solution (Water Mixture)

  - Disclosure strain: Sanjo 701 (921)

  - Water Mixture Concentration: Control (100% water), stock solution (stock solution of special mixture of MAM), 200 (200 (water): 1 (undiluted)) drainage, 400 times, 600 times, 800 times, 1000 times, 1200 times

  Materials and Methods: A glass column (8 treated X 3 repeats X 1 strain = 24 columns

Oak sawdust: rice bran = 8: 2 Mixing composition solution (Water Mixture)

  - Survey items: Mycelial growth rate (5-day interval check)

Table 2 shows the mycelial growth rate of the mycelium according to the concentration of the mixed composition solution (Water Mixture).

As shown in the above Table 2, the higher the ratio of the undiluted solution of the special mixture of MAM, the higher the mycelial growth rate, and the 1,200-fold ratio (1,200 (water): 1 (undiluted solution) , The mycelial growth rate was 3 times higher than that in the control (water (100%)).

Experiment (2). Experiments on the density of mycelial hyphae by concentration of mixed composition solution (Water Mixture)

  - Disclosed strain:

 - OTM Concentration: Control (100% water), undiluted solution (undiluted solution of special mixture of MAM), 200 (200 (water): 1 (undiluted)) drainage, 400 times, 600 times, 800 times,

  Materials and methods: Glass columns (8 treatments X 3 repeats X 1 strain = 24 columns)

Oak sawdust: rice bran = 8: 2 Mixing Composition Solution (Water Mixture)

  - Survey items: Mycelial density (5-day interval check)

Table 3 below shows the density of the mycelium of the hyphae according to the concentration of the mixed composition solution (water mixture).

As shown in the above Table 3, the mycelial density of the special mixture of the MAMs in the undiluted solution was high in the undiluted solution, 200 times, 400 times, 600 times, and 800 times, , The mycelial density was found to be normal at 1,000 times or 1,200 times the ratio of the undiluted solution of the special mixture, and it was found that the mycelial density of the control was higher than that of the control.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical idea of the appended claims.

Claims (6)

(A) preparing an oak reed with epidermis,
(B) forming an organoleptic hole in the wood, injecting a mushroom seed into the organoleptic hole,
(C) The log (alley) to which the shiitake mushroom seedlings have been applied is laid down under the conditions of 60% to 70% of shade and 40% to 30% of sunshine and sprayed once a week after 15 days , &Lt; / RTI &gt;
(D) a step of setting up an alley in a fall season in which the mycelium has grown by 80% or more from November to December or the following February,
(E) producing an MAM liquid containing Mitochondrion Activation Materials (MAM) of a mushroom mitochondrion;
(F) repeatedly spraying the generated MAM liquid onto the alley at intervals of 15 days until harvesting,
At this time, in the step (E), the composition ratio of the activator of mitochondrial mushroom (MAM) is 27 to 33 wt% of titanium dioxide, 18 to 22 wt% of zinc oxide, and kaolinite To 18 wt.%, Montmorillonite: 18 to 22 wt.%, And Beidelite: 18 to 22 wt.%. The method of claim 1, wherein the step (A)
Drying the oak seedlings with epidermis having a diameter of 10 to 20 cm from November to February,
And transporting the dried oak timber to the inoculation site by cutting the length of the oak timber at intervals of 1 to 1.2 m. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein step (C)
Keeping the humidity of 70 ~ 80% and keeping the temperature at 20 ~ 28 ℃ in the place where the shiitake mushroom seeded (alley) is well ventilated and drained, Performing a lay-down operation through the step &lt; RTI ID = 0.0 &gt;
And a step of flipping the timber (alley) into which the shrub mushroom seedlings have been laid down once a month. The method of claim 1, wherein step (D)
Spraying lime or benotropic wetting agent before the alley is formed,
And a step of setting 20 to 30 patterns per square so that the thin part of the log is downward, thereby maintaining a distance of 15 cm between the log and the log. The method according to claim 1,
In step (E), the MAM solution is 100% of the stock solution of MAM, or the ratio of the stock solution of MAM to water is 200 times (200 (water): 1 (MAM solution) MAM solution)) is diluted with water. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the amount of the MAM solution sprayed in step (F) is about 10 seconds per one alley.

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