KR20170009375A - Air disinfector and cleaner - Google Patents

Abstract

To purify indoor air from organic, inorganic, and biological contaminants such as a harmful chemical material, odorous smells, allergens, viruses, bacteria, and fungi in a sprayed and aerosol state, the present invention provides an air disinfector and purifier. The air disinfector and purifier comprises: a dust filter; an optical catalyst pipe-shaped factor having a circular shape or a rectangular cross section of a sintered glass bead having a diameter of 0.8-1.5, and having a surface coated with anatase titanium dioxide nano-particles in a specific surface area range of 100-400 m^2/g; and one or more UV lamps having radiation in a range of A (wavelength 400-315 nm). Before the optical catalyst factor, an electric filter is installed. The electric filter comprises: a wire corona electrode; and a fixing and repulsive electrode having a groove shape at a potential difference of 10 to 25 kV between the corona electrode and a dust collecting electrode and in an electrical field between the dust collecting electrode and a repulsive electrode.

Description

{AIR DISINFECTOR AND CLEANER}

The present invention relates to an air disinfector and a cleaner applied to an ecology field to be adapted to an admiral (to remove pollutants), and more particularly to an air disinfector and a cleaner applied to an ecology field, And air purifiers and purifiers adapted to purify indoor air from organic, inorganic, and biological contaminants such as fungi.

In general, the main applications of air purifiers are as follows:

1. Clean and disinfect indoor air in medical facilities (operating rooms, intensive care rooms, treatment rooms and other areas).

2. Bacteria generation, eg cleaning and disinfection of indoor air during yeast production.

3. Clean and disinfect the air in laboratory areas performing chemical and biological experiments.

4. Clean and disinfect the air in urban dwellings, hotel rooms, offices, classrooms and auditoriums, and other social purposes.

5. Clean the air vapor material (eg, nitroglycerin), which is a harmful accumulation adsorbent.

Most of the air pollutants mentioned above that people breathe are known to exist in the form of molecules or aerosols.

Conventional antibiotics used to combat pathogens have recently been ineffective in terms of adaptation to the new environment of microorganisms, so the problem of complex air purification from aerosolized molecular organic contaminants and pathogens is weakened by postoperative immunodeficiency And is particularly important in hospitals for patients most vulnerable to epidemics.

The problem of complex air cleaning is important in home (residence) areas where people spend most of their time and constantly receive a large amount of essential air (about 15 kg per day).

Current ventilation and air conditioning systems do not remove the most dangerous aerosols for human health with particle sizes less than 300 nm.

At the same time, pathogens accumulate in the operating channels of clean equipment and ventilation systems, which sometimes become a major source of hospital infection and residence.

In this regard, there was a need to develop a new approach to solving the problem, along with the involvement of devices for comprehensive clean and disinfection of the underlying new physical and chemical foundations and atmosphere.

The problem of strong air disinfection with complete inactivation of filtered microflora could be a concentrated photocatalytic method in many countries in recent years.

The essence of this method is that active oxygen is formed on the surface of the photocatalyst-semiconductor titanium dioxide under the influence of the flexible UV range " A "(400-315 nm), which oxidizes all organic compounds in contact with the photocatalyst.

Compared to commonly known filters and germicidal ultraviolet irradiators, the prominent feature of this method is that not only the molecules and aerosol organic contaminants that contain the contemplated pathogenic microorganisms are captured but are removed until they become harmless carbon dioxide and water.

The first (simplest) design of photocatalytic air purifiers is largely based only on the effect of photocatalytic action.

The first design of the photocatalytic air purifier does not anticipate a combination of other principles of air purification, so that such a device solves a narrow problem.

The inventor of this work conducted a study on the efficiency of reducing the concentration of known pathogenic bacteria and fungal cultures in different hospitals using a photocatalytic reactor system (AiroCide).

A major component of such a system is a reaction chamber having a plurality of small glass rings coated with titanium dioxide.

Inside the reaction chamber, a 60 Watt power lamp employing hard radiation with an ultraviolet range "B" (average wavelength of 254 nm) is placed, which does not preclude the generation of ozone.

After installing an air cleaner (AiroCide) in a hospital's normal operating room, the concentration of microorganisms spreading through the air is reduced by an average of 60%.

Disadvantages of the photocatalytic device (AiroCide) are as follows:

1. This device has low efficiency in purifying air in various aerosols, despite the good results in purifying air from molecular organic hydrocarbons (e.g. ethylene).

2. Ozone can occur when operating in the ultraviolet range "B" (average wavelength of 254 nm), limiting the use of such devices in areas where people stay for long periods of time.

3. The design of such a device makes it difficult to access each component for maintenance during long-term operation of the device.

The design of a photocatalyst air purifier with the trademark "AIRLIFE" is widely known (Russian Patent No. 2,259,866, 2005).

The main components of such a device are a photocatalytic filter of a porous resin coated with titanium dioxide powder, an ultraviolet lamp with a radiation range "A ", a fan, and a dust filter. The main disadvantage of the household cleaner "AIRLIFE" is the low efficiency of purifying air from aerosols containing pathogenic microorganisms and the short life of the photocatalyst of the polymer filter due to the deterioration of the purifier under the action of ultraviolet radiation, You need to change frequently.

The design of a domestic photocatalytic air purifier is known (Russian Patent No. 98134, 2010). Such an air purifier includes the following components:

1. Dust filter.

2. A photocatalytic element having a 0.8-1.5 mm diameter sintered glass bead, the surface of which is coated with an anatase modification of titanium dioxide having nanoparticles in the specific surface area range of 150-400 m ² / g.

3. UV lamp with radiation range "A" (average wavelength of 360 nm).

4. Fan to pump purified air.

The advantage of this design is that the photocatalytic element sintered from the glass beads (Russian Patent No. 2151632, 2000) has a high porosity and thus a low resistance to pumping the purified air externally.

These photocatalytic elements are not affected by chemical destruction by the photocatalyst.

These photocatalytic elements have very high adhesion of titanium dioxide powder to glass beads.

This considerably facilitates the maintenance of the air cleaner after long use, as it can remove the precipitated solids from the surface of the photocatalytic element using a conventional vacuum cleaner or water spray without degrading the performance of the air cleaner.

This design, home photocatalytic air purifier, proved to be excellent for purifying air from molecular hydrocarbons and shows a significant reduction in airborne concentrations of microbial contaminants.

A disadvantage of this design is the lack of efficiency in purifying air from aerosols, especially pollutants such as cigarette smoke.

A common means of cleaning a gas from an aerosol having any size particles is known as an electrostatic cleaning method.

This method is based on ionizing and charging the aerosol particles by passing the gas through a high voltage electric field generated by a corona electrode.

The deposition of the particles occurs on the grounded collector electrodes.

Most of these devices are designed to operate on a large scale, i.e. industrial sites, and the use of such a device in domestic air cleaners designed for small residential areas is unreasonable.

The design of a photocatalytic air purifier (Russian Patent 115661, 2011) is known and includes the following major components:

1. A small tubular electrostatic precipitator having a dust collector and a discharge electrode formed of a porous dielectric.

2. Photocatalytic element with ultraviolet radiation source.

3. Fan to pump purified air.

A major disadvantage of using the configuration of the tubular electrostatic precipitator is that the aerosol dust collector made of a porous organic material, for example, polypropylene, has a limited service life due to gradual destruction of organic matter by ultraviolet radiation.

In addition, the porous aerosol dust collector is difficult (or impossible) to clean periodically during long-term operation of the air purifier.

Recently, a so-called "ion fan filter" (Russian Patent No. 2181466, 2002) has been actively developed to purify air from various aerosols, in which the plate corona electrode includes a needle pointing toward the collection electrode , Whereby the potential difference between the electrodes is about 20 kV and the cross-section of the electronic camera is 170 x 170 mm ² , which itself produces an air flow of about 100 m ³ / h.

The design of an electric air purifier (Russian Patent No. 87104, 2009) which purifies from various aerosols operating in accordance with the principle of "ion fan filter" is known.

The characteristics of this air purifier design are as follows:

1. It is a settling and repelling form, and it produces a cleaned air flow by itself due to the particular design of the corona, especially the grooved electrode.

The potential difference between the corona and the collecting electrode is 10 to 25 kV. The electric field between the collecting electrode and the repulsive electrode is 1 to 20 kV / cm.

2. All electrode structures of the air cleaner are made of metal with collapsible elements, allowing cleaning after the cumulative limit of dust collection.

3. The flow of clean air produced by the purifier of this design is about 100 m ³ / h.

Disadvantages of such an electric air purifier are as follows:

1. Ozone generation in the electrode space and ozone output to the outside of the air purifier.

2. Low efficiency in purifying air from molecular organic pollutants.

1. Kozlov DV Vorontsov AV, Pershin AA The method of photocatalytic purification of gases // Russian Patent number 2259866, publ. 2005. 2. Balikhin IL, Berestenko VI, pets IA, zucchini EN, Kurkin EN, Trinity VN Household photocatalytic air purifier. 98134, publ. 2010. 3. Balikhin IL, Berestenko VI, pets IA Kurkin EN, Pershin AN Savinov, EN, Trinity VN Photocatalytic element and method for its preparation // Patent No. 2151632. Russia Bulletin. No. 18. 2000. S. 310. 4. IR Subbotina, Pershin AA, Pershin NA Photocatalytic air purifier // Russian Patent for utility model number 115661, publ. 10.15.2012. 5. Fine VB Smirnyagin EV, Ivanov SA Ion fan filter // Russian Patent number 2181466, publ. 20.04.2002. 6. Krishtafovich YA Islam Sh electric air purifier. 87104, publ. 10.15.2009.

1. Cram N. Reducing airborne microbes in the surgical operating theater and other clinical settings. A study using a unique photocatalytic Reactor Biocide Unit / N. Cram, N. Shipman, J. Quarles // J. Clin. Eng. April / june 2004, P. 79-88.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a photocatalytic air purifier (Russian Patent No. 98134, 2010) and an electric air purifier (Russian Patent No. 87104, 2009) And to provide a new design air sterilizer and purifier that satisfies the best requirements for purifying the indoor air and the very wide applicability when they are combined.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air sterilizer and a purifier including an electric filter mounted at an inlet of a photocatalytic element, the electric filter including a corona electrode, a corona electrode of 10 to 25 kV, And a fixed and repulsive electrode in the form of a groove in an electric field between the collecting electrode and the repulsive electrode of 1 to 20 kV / cm.

Such an air sterilizer and purifier of the present invention has an effect that can be applied to the production of a high-efficiency apparatus that performs complete purification of air from various types of molecules and aerosol pollutants.

1 is a schematic diagram of an air sterilizer and a purifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an experimental schematic diagram of an air sterilizer and a purifier according to the present embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Hereinafter, an air sterilizer and a purifier according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiments of the present invention can be modified in various forms, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described in detail below. This embodiment is provided to more fully describe the present invention to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the shapes and the like of the elements in the drawings can be exaggeratedly expressed to emphasize a clearer description. It should be noted that in the drawings, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals. Detailed descriptions of well-known functions and constructions which may be unnecessarily obscured by the gist of the present invention are omitted.

1 and 2 show an air sterilizer and a purifier according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the air sterilizer and the purifier according to the present embodiment, an electric filter is mounted at an inlet of a photocatalytic element, The electric filter includes a corona electrode and a fixed potential electrode between the corona electrode and the dust collecting electrode of 10 to 25 kV and a fixed and repulsive electrode of a groove shape in the electric field between the collecting electrode and the repelling electrode of 1 to 20 kV / cm.

The air sterilizer and the purifier according to the present embodiment contribute to the overall oxidizing ability of the photocatalytic air purifier by the generation of ozone in the electric filter. At the same time, the oxidation ability of the photocatalyst is high enough to completely decompose residual ozone by passing ozone through the photocatalytic element, so that the outlet of the air cleaner ozone is completely absent.

The air sterilizer and purifier according to this embodiment are photocatalytic elements having sintered glass beads of 0.8-1.5 mm in diameter and are made of anatase titanium dioxide powder having nanoparticles in a specific surface area of 100-400 m ² / A photocatalytic element to be covered, and one or more UV lamps having radiation in the range "A" (wavelength 400-315 nm).

The air sterilizer and purifier according to the present embodiment are designed to increase the efficiency of purifying air from organic, inorganic, and biological pollutants such as harmful chemicals in the molecular and aerosol state, odor, allergen, virus, bacteria, .

Air sterilizer and cleaner according to the present embodiment, 100-400m photocatalyst element, and the range having a sintered glass beads of 0.8-1.5mm diameter in combination with anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles having a specific surface area in the range of ² / g "A" (Wavelength: 400-315 nm).

This provides molecular oxidation of all organic air pollutants. The addition of the electrical filter cleaner provides radiation generation in the 0.1-100 micron wavelength range to improve the air purification quality of harmful materials and microorganisms including contaminants on the particulate matter.

The air sterilizer and purifier according to this embodiment is characterized in that the presence of the electric filter, which comprises a wired corona electrode and a groove shaped fixed and repulsive electrode, in combination with a particulate filter, removes all the liquid all Allowing the capture of solid particles.

The air sterilizer and the purifier according to the present embodiment are characterized in that the presence of the electric filter having the shaped electrode at the electric parameter determined by the movement of the positive ions from the corona electrode to the dust collecting electrode itself is approximately 100 m ³ / The flow is created, and the creation of the work flow allows the use of a low-noise, low-speed fan.

Various examples of the air sterilizer and the purifier according to the present embodiment will be described in detail as follows.

[Example 1]

The air sterilizer and the purifier according to the present embodiment are shown in Fig.

The air sterilizer and the purifier according to the present embodiment include a rectangular housing 1; Dust filter (2); Six corona wire electrode blocks 3; Six dust collecting electrode blocks 4; Six rebound electrode blocks 5; Two tubular photocatalytic elements (6); Two UV lamps 7 having an ultraviolet range "A "; And a low-speed fan (8).

Experiments on the ozone content in the purified air according to the air sterilizer and the purifier according to the present embodiment are shown in Fig.

At this time, the measurement was carried out in a sealed box of 10 m ³ .

The ozone concentration was measured using a chemiluminescence analyzer O ₃ 3.02 PR.

The measurement comparisons were made during the operation of the electrostatic precipitator not including the photocatalytic element and during the operation of the electrostatic precipitator including the photocatalytic element.

The maximum allowable concentration of ozone (MPC) in the atmosphere of the residential area is 0.03 mg / m ³ .

Table 1 shows the results of ozone accumulation in a box obtained over time by an experiment of a commercial air cleaner claimed in the present invention on September 22, 2014.

Operation of an electrostatic precipitator without a photocatalytic element Operation of electrostatic dust collector with two photocatalytic elements Current time in minutes Ozone Concentration (Mg / M ³⁾ Current time in minutes Ozone Concentration (Mg / M ³⁾ 00 0.032 00 0.022 15 0.105 15 0.025 30 0.195 30 0.025 45 0.199 45 0.029 60 0.197 60 0.027 75 0.256 75 0.026

As shown in Table 1, if the electrostatic precipitator is to generate ozone accumulated in the experimental box, for an hour and a concentration (0.197mg / m ³⁾ is greater than six times the MPC (0.03mg / m ^3).

When the electrostatic precipitator and two photocatalytic elements are combined, the concentration of ozone in the box remains constant over the entire experimental period and does not exceed MPC.

That is, all the ozone generated by the electrostatic dust collector is completely decomposed by passing through the two photocatalytic elements.

[Example 2]

The air sterilizer and purifier according to the present embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of Example 1 were experimented to confine aerosols to the atmosphere of a 36 square meter working room.

The aerosol particle content counter was measured with a SOLAIR Series 300 with a sensitivity of 0.3 microns at a sample rate of 28.31 l / min.

For comparison, the measurements were made in two versions: when the electrostatic precipitator is off (Table 2) and when the electrostatic precipitator is on (Table 3).

When the electrostatic dust collector is turned off, the operation of the air sterilizer and the purifier according to the present embodiment Particle size (in microns) Original particle content in air The content of particles at the outlet of the device Aerosol collection efficiency (%) 0.3 13800000 13600000 1.45 0.5 1910000 1830000 4.19 One 411000 365000 11.19 3 39293 29475 24.99 5 17244 11517 33.13 10 1825 734 59.78

When the electrostatic dust collector is turned on, the operation of the air sterilizer and the purifier according to the present embodiment Particle size (in microns) Original particle content in air The content of particles at the outlet of the device Aerosol collection efficiency (%) 0.3 18000000 334000 98.14 0.5 4990000 12377 99.75 One 1920000 2643 99.86 3 150000 545 99.64 5 42100 314 99.25 10 3310 62 98.13

As can be seen from the results, the air sterilizer and purifier according to the present embodiment when the electrostatic precipitator is turned off, scarcely captures particles of 0.3-1 micron size, and the degree of trapping of aerosols of 3-5 micron particle size And the collection efficiency of the aerosol from the atmosphere in a single pass is greater than 98% over the tested size range of 0.3-10 microns when the electrostatic precipitator is turned on.

[Example 3]

As in Example 1, the air sterilizer and cleaner according to this embodiment shown in FIG. 1 was tested for the removal of air model organic contaminants-acetone in a closed box with a volume of 300 liters.

As a criterion for evaluating the quality of the apparatus, the rate of increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the box is taken, which is the final product of complete oxidation of acetone.

Experiments of the device were performed in three types of tasks.

1 - Only electronic dust collector works.

2 - Only the photocatalytic element works.

3 - Electrostatic dust collector and photocatalytic element work.

The rate of increase of the CO ₂ concentration in the first embodiment reaches 0.36 ppm / min; 25.9 ppm / min in the second embodiment; In the third embodiment, it was measured to reach 26.5 ppm / min.

As can be seen from the above results, only one working electrostatic precipitator can not remove acetone from the air, and only when the device is completely turned on, only the photocatalytic element removes acetone from the air.

[Example 4]

The air sterilizer and purifier according to this embodiment were tested in a molecular biology laboratory of the Institute of Chemical Physics.

The size of the laboratory is 35m ² .

Within 42 hours, the air sterilizer and purifier according to the present embodiment operated and reduced the content of microorganisms (mainly E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus) in the air by more than 10 times at an initial concentration of 275 CFU / m ² .

As described above, the results of the experiments performed on the air sterilizer and the purifier according to the present embodiment are shown in Examples 1 to 4, and the experiments performed show that the combination of the essential characteristics of the air purifier and the purifier according to the present embodiment is a technical result , Which can be recommended for the production of high-efficiency devices that perform complete purification of air from various types of molecules and aerosol contaminants.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent arrangements may be made therein without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. . Therefore, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Accordingly, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical idea of the appended claims. It is also to be understood that the invention includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

1: Housing 2: Dust filter
3: corona electrode 4: dust collecting electrode,
5: rebound electrode 6: photocatalytic element having sintered glass bead
7: UV lamp with ultraviolet A (400-315 nm) range
8: Fan
10: 300 liters sealed glass box
20: Air sterilizer and purifier
30: Dispenser of model contaminants
40: Device for measuring the concentration of CO ₂ Klimalogger KL 201
50: Personal computer

Claims (1)

Dust filter; A photocatalytic tubular element having a circular or rectangular cross-section of sintered glass beads of 0.8-1.5 mm diameter and coated with anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticle powder in a specific surface area ranging from 100-400 m ² / g; And one or more UV lamps having radiation in the range "A" (wavelength 400-315 nm)
The electric filter is provided before the photocatalytic element, and the electric filter includes a wire corona electrode, a potential difference between the corona electrode and the dust collecting electrode of 10 to 25 kV, and a potential difference between the collecting electrode and the repelling electrode of 1 to 20 kV / And a fixed and repulsive electrode.

Images