KR20150106563A - Fuel from sewage sludge - Google Patents

Fuel from sewage sludge Download PDF

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KR20150106563A
KR20150106563A KR1020140028774A KR20140028774A KR20150106563A KR 20150106563 A KR20150106563 A KR 20150106563A KR 1020140028774 A KR1020140028774 A KR 1020140028774A KR 20140028774 A KR20140028774 A KR 20140028774A KR 20150106563 A KR20150106563 A KR 20150106563A
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sewage sludge
fuel
sludge
weight
parts
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KR1020140028774A
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KR101592937B1 (en
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김장섭
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김장섭
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/46—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/366—Powders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/32—Molding or moulds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention is to recycle sludge produced from sewage for fuel. A calorific value of the fuel is enhanced by adding wood flour and rice chaff powder into the sewage sludge followed by additional waste oil. Also, it is possible to hold moisture from the sewage sludge before hot air drying and to remove odor from the sewage sludge. Therefore, the present invention relates to a fuel comprising sewage sludge with decreased moisture content through a hot air drying process.

Description

하수슬러지를 포함하는 연료탄 {Fuel from sewage sludge}[0001] Fuel from sewage sludge [0002]

본 발명은 하수에서 발생하는 슬러지(sludge; 이하 하수슬러지로 명기함)를 연료로서 자원화하기 위한 것으로, 배합물의 첨가 및 열풍건조를 통해 함수율을 저감시키고 발열량을 증가시킨 하수슬러지를 포함한 연료탄에 관한 것이다.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a fuel cell including sewage sludge, which is used to convert sludge (hereinafter referred to as sewage sludge) generated in sewage into fuel and which reduces water content through addition of a compound and hot air drying, .

하수슬러지로 고형연료화 제품을 만들기 위해서는 슬러지 자체가 갖고 있는 수분함량을 저하시켜야 하는데 현재 하수처리장에서 운영되고 있는 탈수설비기술로서는 한계가 있다. 하수슬러지케익 자체의 함수율은 평균 80%로서 연료로 전환시키기 위해서는 수분함량을 10%이하로 저감시켜야하는데 막대한 비용이 요구됨으로 최소의 에너지로 건조시키는 기술개발이 연료화에 시급한 과제이다. 하수슬러지 대상 유기성슬러지의 고형연료화 기술은 크게 탄화기술과 건조-고화기술 및 건조-가스화 기술로 구분된다.
In order to produce a solid fueled product with sewage sludge, the water content of the sludge itself must be lowered. However, there is a limitation in the technology of the dehydration facility currently being operated in the sewage treatment plant. The sewage sludge cake itself has an average water content of 80%. In order to convert it into fuel, it is necessary to reduce the water content to 10% or less, which requires a great deal of cost. Sewage sludge organic solid sludge solidification fuel technology is largely divided into carbonization technology, dry-solidification technology, and dry-gasification technology.

탄화기술은 무산소 혹은 저산소상태 즉, 환원상태에서 원료를 고온으로 열처리함으로서 산소원자나 수소원자가 휘발되어 유기분은 소멸하며, 탄소분과 회분을 남기는 것으로 유기성폐기물을 탄화처리하는 경우, 슬러지의 안정화와 감량화를 할 수 있다. 탄화공정은 온도에 따라 건조, 건류가스형성, 탄화의 순서로 진행된다. 건조-고화기술은 슬러지에 첨가제를 혼합한 후 건조-성형장치에서 1차로 수분을 제거하여 펠렛을 형성시키고 성형된 슬러지를 양생하여 고형화시키는 기술이다. 또한 건조-가스화 기술은 일차적으로 슬러지를 건조시킨 후 건조된 슬러지를 적정온도에서 가스화하여 이를 중간처리과정을 거쳐 에너지원으로 사용하는 기술이다. 그래서 에너지 이용기술이라 한다.
Carbonization technology is an anaerobic or hypoxic state, that is, heat treatment of raw materials at a high temperature in a reducing state, oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms are volatilized and oil content is extinguished. Carbonization and ashes are left behind. . The carbonization process proceeds in the order of drying, dry gas formation, and carbonization depending on the temperature. The dry-solidification technique is a technique in which additives are mixed in the sludge, the water is firstly removed from the drying-molding apparatus to form pellets, and the molded sludge is cured and solidified. In addition, the drying-gasification technology is a technique of first drying the sludge, gasifying the dried sludge at an appropriate temperature, and using the resulting sludge as an energy source through an intermediate process. So it is called energy utilization technology.

상기의 종래의 방법들에 의하면 슬러지를 고형연료화시키기 위해서 1차로 탈수된 함수율 70 내지 80%의 슬러지를 함수율 10% 이내로 건조시킨 후 무연탄, 목재, 기름 등의 열량보조제와 혼합한 다음 특정 형상으로 성형함으로써 고형연료가 만들어진다. 이러한 대부분의 종래의 고형연료화 기술들은 어떤 방식으로 슬러지를 건조시키느냐 혹은 어떤 방식으로 성형하느냐에 따라 다를 뿐 슬러지를 건조시킨 후 열량보조제 또는 열량보조제와 성형제를 혼합하여 고압으로 압축해서 성형하는 방식을 택하고 있다. 종래의 고형연료화 기술에 의하면 다음과 같은 문제점들이 있다.
According to the above conventional methods, in order to solidify the sludge, the sludge having a moisture content of 70 to 80%, which is dehydrated first, is dried to a moisture content of 10% or less and then mixed with a heat assistant such as anthracite, wood, Thereby producing a solid fuel. Most of these conventional solid fuel technologies are different depending on how the sludge is dried or molded in some way. The sludge is dried and then mixed with a heat assistant or a heat assistant and a molding agent, . The conventional solid fuel conversion technology has the following problems.

첫째, 성형시 슬러지와 열량보조제가 혼합된 혼합물을 고압으로 압축하여 성형하기 때문에 입자와 입자간의 간격이 너무 조밀하여 공극이 거의 없거나 공극률이 너무 낮다는 문제점이 있다. 이러한 고형 연료는 연소시 연소가 용이하지 않고 완전 연소하기까지 시간이 많이 소요되며 불완전 연소에 따른 유해가스 및 악취가 발생한다.
First, since the mixture of sludge and caloric aid is formed by compression at high pressure, there is a problem that the gap between the particles is too dense and there is almost no pore or the porosity is too low. These solid fuels are not easy to burn during combustion, take a long time to complete combustion, and generate harmful gas and odor due to incomplete combustion.

둘째로, 종래에는 슬러지를 건조시키는 데 1차적으로 에너지가 소비되고, 건조된 슬러지를 고압으로 압축성형하는 과정에서 2차적으로 에너지가 소비된다. 따라서 고형연료를 제조하는 과정에서 많은 에너지가 소비되어 제조비용이 상승된다는 문제점이 있다. 이는 슬러지를 재생에너지로 재활용한다는 취지를 무색하게 한다.
Secondly, energy is consumed primarily to dry the sludge in the past, and energy is secondarily consumed in the process of compressing the dried sludge to a high pressure. Therefore, there is a problem that a lot of energy is consumed in the process of manufacturing the solid fuel, thereby increasing the manufacturing cost. This discourages the idea of recycling sludge as renewable energy.

셋째로, 성형시 건조된 슬러지를 고압으로 압축성형하기 때문에 성형이 용이하도록 별도의 성형제 또는 흡착제를 첨가하여야 한다는 문제점이 있다. 이는 최종적으로 고형연료의 공극률을 더욱 저하시키는 하나의 원인이 될 뿐만 아니라 연소시 유해한 성분이 발생될 수 있다.
Thirdly, since the dried sludge is compression-molded at a high pressure, there is a problem that a separate molding agent or an adsorbent must be added in order to facilitate molding. This is not only a cause for further lowering the porosity of the solid fuel, but also may cause harmful components in the combustion.

넷째, 슬러지의 건조 후 균일한 혼합을 위해서는 건조된 고형물을 가루로 분쇄하는 과정을 거치거나 건조 전 최대한 분산시키는 과정을 거쳐야 하므로 시설이 복잡하고 설비비용이 과다하게 소용되어 경제성이 낮아지는 문제점이 있다.
Fourth, in order to uniformly mix the sludge after drying, the dried solid material must be pulverized into powder or dispersed to a maximum degree before drying, so that the facility is complicated and the facility cost is excessively used, resulting in a low economic efficiency .

이와 같이 슬러지를 이용한 종래의 고체연료화 기술은 상술한 문제점들 때문에 재생에너지로 재활용하기 위한 유효 대안으로서 실제 적용이 어려운 실정이다.
Thus, the conventional solid fuel technology using sludge is difficult to apply as an effective alternative for recycling as renewable energy due to the above-mentioned problems.

대한민국 등록특허 공보 제 0592918호Korean Patent Registration No. 0592918

유기성폐기물의 대표적인 하수슬러지는 런던협약 1996 의정서의 발효로 해양투기가 2012년 1월부터 제한되었으며 육상처리가 불가피해졌다. 그 대안으로서 하수슬러지를 건조하여 고형연료화(RDF)하는 종래의 기술들이 존재한다. 하지만, 하수슬러지의 고형연료화로서의 성공 여부는 높은 함수율을 지닌 슬러지를 저함수율 즉, 최소 10%로 저감시키는데 소요되는 비용을 낮춰야하며, 악취가 없는 환경친화적인 공법이어야 한다. 또한 연료로서의 부족한 발열량은 가격이 저렴한 발열량 보조제를 첨가함으로써 훌륭한 대체에너지원으로의 자원화가 요구되는 실정이다.
Representative sewage sludge from organic wastes has been restricted from January 2012 due to the enactment of the London Convention 1996, and land disposal became inevitable. As an alternative thereto, conventional techniques exist for drying sewage sludge to solidify fuel (RDF). However, the success of sewage sludge as a solid fuel should lower the water content of sludge with a high water content to a low water content, that is, at least 10%, and should be an environmentally friendly method free of odor. In addition, insufficient calorific value as a fuel is required to be converted into a good alternative energy source by adding an inexpensive calorific value auxiliary agent.

이에 본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점들을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 첫 번째로, 함수율이 70~85%인 하수슬러지 100 중량부에 대하여, 목분 80~150 중량부와 왕겨분 5~30 중량부를 첨가한 후, 상기 조합의 혼합물을 상압에서 100~400℃로 100~400℃로 열풍건조하여 함수율을 0.5~10%로 저감시킨 분말형 또는 성형된 하수슬러지를 포함한 연료탄을 제조한다.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems. First, 80 to 150 parts by weight of wood powder and 5 to 30 parts by weight of rice hull powder are added to 100 parts by weight of sewage sludge having a water content of 70 to 85% After that, the mixture of the above combinations is dried at 100-400 ° C at normal pressure to 100-400 ° C by hot air blowing to reduce the moisture content to 0.5-10%. The powdered or molded sewage sludge is then produced.

두 번째는, 함수율이 70~85%인 하수슬러지 100 중량부에 대하여, 목분 80~150 중량부, 왕겨분 5~30 중량부 및 폐유를 1~5 중량부를 첨가한 후, 상압에서 100~400℃로 100~400℃로 열풍건조하여 함수율을 0.5~10%로 저감시켜 분말형 또는 성형된 하수슬러지를 포함한 연료탄을 제조한다.
The second step is to add 80 to 150 parts by weight of wood powder, 5 to 30 parts by weight of rice hull powder and 1 to 5 parts by weight of waste oil to 100 parts by weight of sewage sludge having a water content of 70 to 85% ° C to 100 ~ 400 ° C to reduce water content to 0.5 ~ 10% and produce powdered or molded sewage sludge containing fuel.

첫 번째로 하수슬러지에 목분, 왕겨분 및 폐유를 첨가함으로써, 자연발화성을 억제함과 동시에 친환경적으로 하수슬러지 자체의 악취를 억제하고, 연료로서 발열량을 보다 증가시키며, 열풍건조 전 하수슬러지의 수분을 머금게하여 건조효율을 높이는 효과가 있다.
First, by adding wood flour, rice husk powder and waste oil to sewage sludge, it is possible to suppress the spontaneous ignitability and to reduce the odor of the sewage sludge itself in an environmentally friendly manner, to increase the heating value as fuel, Thereby improving the drying efficiency.

두 번째로 종래의 고온 탄화(탄화온도: 600~800℃)에 비해 저온영역(100~400℃)에서 건화를 실시하므로, 건조물의 고발열량화를 도모하여 석탄 대체 연료로서의 가치를 높일 수 있다.
Secondly, since the calcination is performed in a low temperature region (100 to 400 ° C) as compared with the conventional high temperature carbonization (carbonization temperature: 600 to 800 ° C), it is possible to increase the value of the coal as a substitute fuel.

도 1은 본 발명의 하수슬러지를 포함하는 연료탄의 실시예를 나타낸 표이다.1 is a table showing an embodiment of a fuel cell including sewage sludge of the present invention.

본 발명에 있어서 「공정」이라는 말은, 독립된 공정만이 아니고, 다른 공정과 명확하게 구별할 수 없는 경우라도 그 공정의 소기의 작용이 달성되면, 본 용어에 포함된다.In the present invention, the term " process " means not only an independent process but also the term when the desired action of the process is achieved even if it can not be clearly distinguished from other processes.

또한 본 명세서에 있어서 「∼」를 사용하여 나타낸 수치 범위는, 「∼」의 전후에 기재되는 수치를 각각 최소치 및 최대치로서 포함하는 범위를 나타낸다.Also, in this specification, the numerical range indicated by using " ~ " indicates a range including numerical values before and after "~" as a minimum value and a maximum value, respectively.

또한 본 명세서에 있어서 조성물 중의 각 성분의 양은, 조성물 중의 각 성분에 해당하는 물질이 복수 존재하는 경우에는, 특별히 언급하지 않는 한, 조성물 중에 존재하는 당해 복수의 물질의 합계량을 의미한다.
In the present specification, the amount of each component in the composition means the total amount of the plurality of substances present in the composition, unless otherwise specified, when a plurality of substances corresponding to each component in the composition are present.

1972 런던협약 1996 의정서에서 규정하는 하수슬러지의 정의는 "도시하수 처리로부터 남은 잔유물로서 일차적인 물리적 처리로부터 생성되는 유기물이 많은 폐기물이다. 하수는 표토수와 많은 경우에는 처리된 그리고 미처리된 산업유출수와 마찬가지로 수용성의 도시폐기물을 포함한다." 라고 되어 있다. 즉 통상 상수, 공업용수, 산업 용폐수, 하수 및 분뇨의 처리과정에서 발생하는 최종 산물로서 이 슬러지가 생성되는 과정은 미생물이 폐수 속에 용존되어 있는 영양물질을 섭취하여 증식된 후 이화학적으로 부상 또는 침전시켜 분리된 미생물 덩어리를 말한다.
1972 London Convention The definition of sewage sludge as defined in the 1996 Protocol is "organic matter-rich wastes generated from primary physical treatment as residues from municipal sewage treatment." Sewage is the source of topsoil and, in many cases, treated and untreated industrial effluents As well as water-soluble municipal waste. " . The process of producing the sludge as a final product resulting from the treatment of conventional constants, industrial wastes, industrial wastewater, sewage and manure, is a process in which the microorganisms take up the nutrients dissolved in the wastewater and propagate, Refers to a mass of microorganisms separated by sedimentation.

런던협약에 가입된 우리나라는 2012년부터 해양투기가 근절되었으며, 2011년 1우러 환경부 통계에 따르면 전국 433개소의 하수처리 시설에서 나오는 연간 302만7,829톤의 하수슬러지 가운데 재활용되는 부분은 74만6005톤으로 전체의 24.6%에 불과한 실정이다.
South Korea, which is a member of the London Convention, has abolished marine dumping since 2012. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Environment of Korea in 2011, the amount of sewage sludge recycled from 3023,829 tons of sewage treatment facilities in 433 places in Korea is 746 6005 Which is only 24.6% of the total.

기 재활용하는 분야로는 건축자재로의 활용, 택지개발 지역의 복토재, 연료화 등으로 현재에도 많은 연구가 진행되고 있으나 하수슬러지를 어떠한 분야 및 용도로 재활용하든 우선 기본적으로 하수슬러지가 함유하고 있는 수분을 제거 감량화시켜야하는 첫 번째 절차는 필수적이다.
Although many researches have been carried out in the field of recycling as building materials, landfill materials in residential land development area, fuel conversion, etc. However, no matter how much sewage sludge is recycled in any field or purpose, The first procedure to eliminate and reduce is essential.

본 발명은 하수에서 발생하는 슬러지를 연료로서 자원화하기 위한 것으로, 배합물의 첨가 및 열풍건조를 통해 함수율을 저감시키고 발열량을 증가시킨 하수슬러지를 포함한 연료탄에 관한 것이다. 이하에서는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 참조하여 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다.
The present invention relates to a fuel cell including sewage sludge, which is used for recycling sludge generated in sewage as fuel and which has a reduced moisture content and an increased heating value through addition of a compound and hot air drying. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments of the present invention.

본 발명은 함수율이 높고 악취가 심해 연료로서 사용하기 어려운 점이 있었던 하수슬러지를 연료로서 자원화하기 위하여, 하수종말처리장에서 수거한 함수율이 70~85%인 하수슬러지 100 중량부에, 목분 80~150 중량부와 왕겨분 5~30 중량부를 첨가한 후, 상기 조합의 혼합물을 상압에서 100~400℃로 열풍건조하여 함수율을 0.5~10%로 저감시킨 하수슬러지 연료탄을 제공한다. 상기와 같은 목분과 왕겨분을 첨가함으로써, 연료로서 발열량을 증대시키며, 열풍 건조 전 하수슬러지의 수분을 머금게 하고, 하수슬러지 자체의 악취를 제거하는 것이 가능하다.
In order to recycle sewage sludge, which has a high water content and is difficult to use as a foul odor fuel, as a fuel, 100 parts by weight of sewage sludge having a water content of 70 to 85% collected at a sewage terminal treatment plant, 80 to 150 parts by weight And 5 to 30 parts by weight of horseshoe are added, and then the mixture of the combination is hot-air dried at 100 to 400 ° C under atmospheric pressure to reduce water content to 0.5 to 10%. It is possible to increase the amount of heat as fuel and to add moisture of the sewage sludge before drying the hot air, and to remove the odor of the sewage sludge itself by adding the above-mentioned wood and rice hull powder.

또한 상기의 첨가물에 추가적으로 폐유를 1~5 중량부를 더 첨가하여 발열량을 더욱 증대시킴으로써 연료로서의 효율성을 갖춘 하수슬러지 연료탄을 제조하는 것이 가능하며 후술되는 실시예가 이를 뒷받침한다.
In addition, 1 to 5 parts by weight of waste oil is additionally added to the above-mentioned additives to further increase the calorific value, thereby making it possible to produce sewage sludge fuel with efficiency as a fuel, and this will be supported by the embodiments described later.

이하 실시예로서 도 1에 도시된 결과값을 통해 본 발명을 설명하고자 한다. 하수슬러지는 첨가물 무첨가 상태이며, 하수슬러지 연료탄 A는 하수슬러지 100 중량부에 목분 100 중량부와 왕겨분 20 중량부를 첨가하여 제조된 것이며, 하수슬러지 연료탄 B는 하수슬러지 100 중량부에 목분 100 중량부, 왕겨분 20 중량부 및 폐유 3 중량부를 첨가하여 제조된 것으로 300℃ 온도조건에서 5시간 건조한 실험값이다.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the results shown in FIG. Sewage sludge fuel carbon A was prepared by adding 100 parts by weight of wood powder and 20 parts by weight of rice hull powder to 100 parts by weight of sewage sludge. Sewage sludge fuel carbon B was prepared by adding 100 parts by weight of wood powder to 100 parts by weight of sewage sludge, , 20 parts by weight of rice hull powder and 3 parts by weight of waste oil, and dried at a temperature of 300 캜 for 5 hours.

본 실시예에 따르면 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 하수슬러지에 첨가물을 배합하지 않고 건조공정만 실시한 경우에 비해 목분과 왕겨분을 첨가한 하수슬러지 연료탄 A의 경우 저위발열량이 3배 가량 증가한 것을 알 수 있으며, 또한 목분과 왕겨분에 폐유를 첨가한 하수슬러지 연료탄 B의 경우 저위발열량이 약 3.8배 가량 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.
According to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the lower calorific value of the sewage sludge fuel cell A with the addition of wood powder and rice husk powder was increased by about 3 times as compared with the case where only the drying process was performed without adding the additive to the sewage sludge And the amount of heat generated by sewage sludge fueled coal B, in which waste oil is added to wood and rice hulls, is increased by about 3.8 times.

기존의 건조만을 통한 연료화는 발열량이 높지만 제품의 냄새가 문제가 되었다. 고온탄화방식의 경우는 건조화 온도가 600~800℃로 고온이므로 냄새는 줄어들지만 탄화물의 발열량이 낮아 석탄 대체연료로서는 적합하지 않다. 고온 탄화공정에서 탄화온도와 건조 슬러지에 대한 연료물 조성변화 및 발열량의 관계는 탄화온도 상승에 따라 가연분은 감소하지만 탄화온도 400℃ 정도까지는 연료물 1Kg당 발열량이 거의 감소하지 않아 연료 가치가 높은 연료물의 확보가 가능하다. 이는 400℃ 정도까지의 온도 영역에서는 가연성분 중에서 산소의 감소율이 적고 발열량이 높은 탄소의 비율이 상대적으로 높아지기 때문이다.
Fuelization through conventional drying only has a high calorific value, but the smell of the product has become a problem. In the case of the high-temperature carbonization method, since the drying temperature is as high as 600 to 800 ° C, the smell is reduced, but the calorific value of the carbide is low. In the high temperature carbonization process, the relationship between the carbonization temperature and the fuel composition change and the calorific value with respect to the drying sludge decreases as the carbonization temperature rises, but the calorific value per kilogram of the fuel is hardly decreased until the carbonization temperature is about 400 ° C, It is possible to secure fuel water. This is because in the temperature range up to about 400 ° C, the rate of reduction of oxygen in the combustible components is small and the proportion of carbon having a high calorific value is relatively high.

반면에 본 발명은 비교적 저온영역(100~400℃)에서 건화를 실시하므로, 건조물의 고발열량화를 도모하여 석탄 대체연료로서의 가치를 높인 하수슬러지를 포함한 연료탄을 제공한다.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a fuel including sewage sludge which is heated at a relatively low temperature range (100 to 400 ° C) to increase the heating value of the dried material and enhance the value as a coal alternative fuel.

본 발명의 하수슬러지를 포함한 연료탄은 함수율이 10% 미만인 분말형태로 배출되며 화력발전소의 연료로서 사용이 가능하고, 또는 차후의 성형공정을 거쳐 고형 연료탄 형태도 가능함은 물론이다.
It is needless to say that the fuel coal containing sewage sludge of the present invention is discharged in powder form having a water content of less than 10% and can be used as a fuel of a thermal power plant or can be formed into a solid fuel through a subsequent molding process.

본 발명을 첨부된 도면과 함께 설명하였으나, 이는 본 발명의 요지를 포함하는 다양한 실시 형태 중의 하나의 실시예에 불과하며, 당업계에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 용이하게 실시할 수 있도록 하는 데에 그 목적이 있는 것으로, 본 발명은 상기 설명된 실시예에만 국한되는 것이 아님은 명확하다. 따라서, 본 발명의 보호범위는 하기의 청구범위에 의해 해석되어야 하며, 본 발명의 요지를 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서의 변경, 치환, 대체 등에 의해 그와 동등한 범위 내에 있는 모든 기술 사상은 본 발명의 권리범위에 포함될 것이다. 또한, 도면의 일부 구성은 구성을 보다 명확하게 설명하기 위한 것으로 실제보다 과장되거나 축소되어 제공된 것임을 명확히 한다.While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it should be understood that various changes and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Obviously, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas which fall within the scope of equivalence by alteration, substitution, substitution and the like within the scope of the present invention, Range. In addition, it should be clarified that some configurations of the drawings are intended to explain the configuration more clearly and are provided in an exaggerated or reduced size than the actual configuration.

Claims (5)

하수슬러지를 포함하는 연료탄에 있어서,
함수율이 70~85%인 하수슬러지 100 중량부에, 목분 80~150 중량부와 왕겨분 5~30 중량부를 첨가한 후, 열풍건조공정을 통해 함수율이 0.5~10% 인 것을 특징으로 하는 하수슬러지를 포함하는 연료탄.
In a fuel containing sewage sludge,
Characterized in that a water content of 0.5 to 10% is obtained by adding 80 to 150 parts by weight of wood powder and 5 to 30 parts by weight of rice hull powder to 100 parts by weight of sewage sludge having a water content of 70 to 85% .
하수슬러지를 포함하는 연료탄에 있어서,
함수율이 70~85%인 하수슬러지 100 중량부에, 목분 80~150 중량부, 왕겨분 5~30 중량부 및 폐유 1~5 중량부를 첨가한 후, 열풍건조공정을 통해 함수율이 0.5~10% 인 것을 특징으로 하는 하수슬러지를 포함하는 연료탄.
In a fuel containing sewage sludge,
80 to 150 parts by weight of wood powder, 5 to 30 parts by weight of rice hull powder and 1 to 5 parts by weight of waste oil are added to 100 parts by weight of sewage sludge having a water content of 70 to 85% Wherein the sludge is sludge.
제 1항 또는 제 2항에 있어서,
상기 하수슬러지를 포함하는 혼합물을 상압에서 100~400℃로 열풍건조하는 것을 특징으로 하는 하수슬러지를 포함하는 연료탄.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the mixture containing the sewage sludge is subjected to hot air drying at 100 to 400 ° C at normal pressure.
제 1항 또는 2항에 있어서,
상기 하수슬러지를 포함하는 연료탄은 분말형태인 것을 특징으로 하는 하수슬러지를 포함하는 연료탄.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the fuel containing the sewage sludge is in powder form.
제 1항 또는 2항에 있어서,
상기 하수슬러지를 포함하는 연료탄은 고형상태로서, 소정의 형상으로 성형된 펠릿인 것을 특징으로 하는 하수슬러지를 포함하는 연료탄.


3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Characterized in that the fuel containing the sewage sludge is a solid state and a pellet molded into a predetermined shape.


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