KR102107704B1 - Apparatus for manufacturing fuel using sewage sludge - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing solid fuel coal using sewage sludge and a method therefor. Specifically, the present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing fuel using sewage sludge, capable of improving quality of solid fuel coal by adding, into a closed combined reactor, heterogeneous additives with different physical properties, such as caloric additives and molding agents or caloric additives mixed with sewage sludge and then carrying out reactions (hydrolysis) for a specific period of time at a certain temperature and pressure in the combined reactor so as to homogenize the physical properties.

Description

Fuel manufacturing equipment using sewage sludge {APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING FUEL USING SEWAGE SLUDGE}

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for producing solid fuel coal using sewage sludge, and in particular, seals heterogeneous additives having different physical properties, such as a caloric auxiliary agent or a caloric auxiliary agent and a molding agent mixed with sewage sludge. After the mixture is introduced into the combined reactor, it is reacted (hydrolyzed) at a certain temperature and pressure within the combined reactor for a period of time to homogenize their physical properties to a fuel manufacturing apparatus using sewage sludge capable of improving the quality of solid fuel coal. It is about.

In general, sewage sludge (sewage sludge) is generated from each process of sewage treatment, and is a sludge collected and produces fuel similar to low-grade coal with a calorific value of approximately 3,500 kcal / kg due to the relatively high concentration of organic matter compared to constant sludge. It is used to.

As such, sewage sludge can be used as a fuel due to its high calorific value due to the content of a large amount of organic matter, but its high moisture content makes it unsuitable to use itself as a fuel. Accordingly, a drying process for lowering the water content of sewage sludge is essential.

The average water content of sewage sludge is about 80%, and in order to convert it into fuel, the water content of sewage sludge must be reduced to 10% or less. That is, if the water content of the organic fuel sludge is dried to 10% or less, it can be used again with excellent renewable energy.

Briefly describing the fueling method using the sewage sludge according to the prior art, first, the primary dewatering of the sewage sludge, and then drying the sewage sludge having a dehydrated water content of 70 to 80% within 10% of the water content. Then, the dried sewage sludge is mixed with caloric additives (additives) such as anthracite, wood, and oil to form a specific shape to produce solid fuel coal.

The fueling method according to the related art has only a slight difference depending on the drying method or molding method of sewage sludge, and after drying the sewage sludge, the caloric auxiliary agent or the caloric auxiliary agent and the molding agent are mixed and compressed to form at high pressure. Is taking.

That is, the fueling method using the sewage sludge according to the prior art is produced by mixing and molding the heat-reducing agent of wood-based heat after drying the sewage sludge having a water content of 80% or more to 10% or less by using indirect and direct heat, or Sewage sludge of 80% or more, dry sludge, and wood-based heat additives are mixed and dried and molded by indirect and direct heat, or mixed with sewage sludge having a water content of 80% or higher and wood-based heat additives, and fermented and aged. After making it, it is molded and dried to produce fuel coal.

However, in the fueling method using sewage sludge according to the prior art, the caloric additive of the sewage sludge and the wood-based heat mixing agent mixed with the sewage sludge are mixed because they have different physical properties (eg, specific gravity, particle size and viscosity). There was a problem that the mixing efficiency was low. Due to this, the bonding strength during drying and molding was lowered, resulting in a decrease in productivity of the fuel coal, and a problem such as a decrease in the uniformity of the thermal energy of the fuel coal.

KR 10-2013-0030787 A, 2013. 03. 27. KR 10-2015-0106563 A, 2015. 09. 22.

Therefore, the present invention has been proposed to solve the problems of the prior art, and improves the mixing efficiency between the additives such as sewage sludge, caloric additives and / or molding agents, thereby improving their bonding strength, thereby improving The objective is to provide a fuel manufacturing apparatus using sewage sludge capable of improving the quality.

The present invention according to an aspect for achieving the above object is a storage tank for storing the additives each containing a sewage sludge, a caloric auxiliary and a molding agent; A combined reactor for hydrolyzing the contents including the sewage sludge and the additives inputted from the storage tank to equalize physical properties between the sewage sludge and the additives; A molding machine for compressing and molding a mixture having uniform physical properties by the combined reactor; And it provides a fuel manufacturing apparatus using a sewage sludge, characterized in that it comprises a dryer for drying so that the water content of the molded article formed by the molding machine is less than 10%.

Preferably, the combined reactor continuously improves the reaction efficiency of the contents by continuously mixing and crushing the contents using the internal rotating shaft while heating and pressurizing the contents to hydrolyze the contents. It can be characterized in that they are not separated from each other by a specific gravity difference.

Preferably, the additive may be characterized in that it comprises waste wood, dry sludge and a binder having different physical properties from the sewage sludge.

In addition, the present invention according to another aspect for achieving the above object is a step of storing additives each containing a sewage sludge, a caloric auxiliary and a molding agent in a storage tank; Uniformizing the physical properties between the sewage sludge and the additives by introducing the contents including the sewage sludge and the additives into a combined reactor and then hydrolyzing; Compressing and molding the mixture having uniform physical properties through the hydrolysis through a molding machine; And drying the molding in a dryer so that the water content of the molding is 10% or less.

Preferably, in the step of uniformizing the physical properties between the sewage sludge and the additives, the mixing and crushing process is continuously performed on the contents by using an internal rotation axis during the hydrolysis by heating and pressing the contents. It is possible to improve the reaction efficiency, and thereby prevent the contents from being separated from each other by a specific gravity difference.

As described above, in the method of manufacturing fuel coal using sewage sludge according to the prior art, the physical properties of sewage sludge and various additives are different from each other, processed and processed separately for each raw material, and then mixed with each other and processed by secondary processing. Solid fuel charcoal).

For this reason, in the fuel coal manufacturing method using sewage sludge according to the prior art, each facility such as dehydration and drying is required for each raw material, so the facility is large and costly, and the product strength during compression and molding is low, so it is easy to break down. Not only quality but also moldability was low, so molding was difficult. In addition, since the mixing efficiency is low, it is difficult to increase the unit heating value of the final product by 3,500 kcal or more, and the uniformity of unit heating value of the finished product is irregular.

On the other hand, in the fuel manufacturing apparatus using sewage sludge according to the embodiment of the present invention, the physical properties of these materials are hydrolyzed through a combined reactor with sewage sludge and additives having different physical properties (viscosity, particle size and specific gravity). Homogenization improves the mixing efficiency between sewage sludge and additives, thereby improving their bonding strength to stably manufacture and produce high quality solid fuel coal.

1 is a system diagram showing a fuel manufacturing apparatus using sewage sludge according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a process flow diagram showing a fuel manufacturing method using sewage sludge according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Advantages and features of the present invention, and methods for achieving them will be clarified with reference to embodiments described below in detail together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but will be implemented in various different forms.

In the present specification, this embodiment is provided to make the disclosure of the present invention complete, and to fully inform the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. And the present invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. Thus, in some embodiments, well-known components, well-known operations, and well-known techniques are not specifically described in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.

In addition, the same reference numerals refer to the same components throughout the specification. In addition, the terms (mentioned) used in this specification are for describing the embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In this specification, the singular form also includes the plural form unless otherwise specified in the phrase. Also, components and actions recited as “includes (or is provided with)” do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other components and actions.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the present specification may be used as meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. In addition, terms that are defined in a commonly used dictionary are not ideally or excessively interpreted unless defined.

Hereinafter, the technical features of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a system diagram showing a fuel manufacturing apparatus using sewage sludge according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 1, the fuel manufacturing apparatus using sewage sludge according to an embodiment of the present invention, sewage sludge (Sludge), additives with different physical properties, for example, wood-based (Waste wood) (waste wood), dry sludge Additives such as (drying sludge) and molding agent (Additive / Binder) are added to the combined reactor 10, and then reacted (hydrolyzed) for a period of time at a constant temperature and pressure in the combined reactor 3 to physical properties thereof. Homogenize to provide.

The fuel manufacturing apparatus using sewage sludge according to the embodiment of the present invention includes storage tank A (1a) in which sewage sludge is stored, storage tank B (1b) in which waste wood is stored, storage tank C (1c) in which dry sludge is stored, and molding A storage tank D (1d) in which an additive / binder is stored is provided.

The storage tanks 1a to 1d are storage devices each having a hopper structure, and discharge the sewage sludge, waste wood, dry sludge, and molding agent stored therein into a quantitative transport conveyor.

Sewage sludge, waste wood, dry sludge and molding agent stored in each storage tank 1a to 1d are discharged to a conveyer and then transferred to a combined reactor 3 through a conveyer.

The transport conveyor may include at least one, preferably first and second transport conveyors 2a and 2b, depending on the location where each storage tank 1a to 1d and the merge reactor 3 are installed.

The combined reactor 3 is a hydrolytic reactor, and the sewage sludge, waste wood, dry sludge and molding agent inputted through the first and second transport conveyors 2a and 2b are fixed at a constant temperature and pressure. It is hydrolyzed over time to homogenize the physical properties of sewage sludge, waste wood, dry sludge and moldings with different physical properties.

Specifically, the combined reactor 3 heats and pressurizes the contents (sewage sludge, waste wood, dry sludge, and molding agent) input therein for a certain time (about 40 minutes) at a constant temperature and pressure to cause hydrolysis. At this time, the mixing and crushing process is continuously performed by the internal rotation shaft during the time during which the contents react to cause a phase change, thereby improving the reaction efficiency, thereby preventing the contents from being separated from each other by a specific gravity difference.

When the hydrolysis and mixing of the contents in the combined reactor 3 is completed, the steam port of the combined reactor 3 is opened to bring the internal temperature and pressure to atmospheric pressure, and then the connected vacuum device is operated for a certain period of time (about 60 minutes). During the low-temperature drying in a vacuum state for a while, when the low-temperature drying is completed, the vacuum is crushed and the mixture is discharged through the outlet of the combined reactor 3.

On the other hand, the mixture of sewage sludge, waste wood, dry sludge and molding agent hydrolyzed in the combined reactor 3 is transferred to and stored in the intermediate storage tank 5 through the third transport conveyor 4.

The mixture stored in the intermediate storage tank 5 is transferred to the molding machine 7 through the fourth transfer conveyor 6.

The molding machine 7 compresses and molds the mixture transferred through the fourth transfer conveyor 6 to produce a molding having a predetermined shape and size, and then transfers it to the dryer 9 through the fifth transfer conveyor 8.

The dryer 9 is, for example, a hot air dryer, receiving a molding formed through the molding machine 7 and drying the moisture content of the molding formed through the molding machine 7 to 10% or less.

Then, the molded product p dried through the dryer 9 is transferred to and stored in the product storage tank 12 through the sixth and seventh transfer conveyors 10 and 11, and then shipped out through the shipping vehicle.

Meanwhile, the steam discharged through the steam port of the combined reactor 3 is heat exchanged through a heat exchanger (condenser) 13, condensed, stored in a condensate tank 14, and then treated as a wastewater treatment plant.

The exhaust gas discharged from the heat exchanger 13 together with the condensate and stored in the condensate tank 14 is transported and stored in the sealing water tank 16 through the vacuum pump 15, and then deodorized through the fan 17 (chemical cleaning tower) ) (18), then treated with chemicals and released into the atmosphere with the odor removed.

On the other hand, a configuration for supplying and circulating cooling water to the heat exchanger 13 in order to generate condensate by heat-exchanging (condensing) the steam discharged through the steam port of the combined reactor 3 through the heat exchanger 13, a cooling tower (19), a cooling water tank 20 and a cooling water pump 21 are installed.

The cooling tower 19 is directly connected to outdoor air for cooling to reuse the cooling water used in the heat exchanger 13 and then cooled to supply it to the cooling water tank 20, and the cooling water stored in the cooling water tank 20 is a cooling water pump 21 ) Is again supplied to the heat exchanger 13 and circulated.

The steam discharged from the combined reactor 3 is supplied to the heat exchanger 13 through the centrifugal cyclone 22. At this time, the centrifugal cyclone 22 collects and filters foreign matter or fine dust contained in the steam discharged through the steam port of the combined reactor 3, and heats the steam from which the foreign matter or fine dust has been removed. On the other hand, it is supplied to the combined reactor 3 again.

On the other hand, a heat source supply device 23 and a waste heat boiler 24 are installed to supply a heat source to the combined reactor 3.

The heat source supply device 23 receives exhaust gas (Contaminated Air) discharged from the sealing water tank 16 through the second fan 25 and heats it using the flame 23a.

The waste heat boiler 24 receives the exhaust gas (air) heated by the heat source supply device 23, generates steam IN using the heat of the exhaust gas, and supplies it to the combined reactor 3.

In addition, the heated steam of the waste heat boiler 24 is heated by the air heater 27 together with the air sucked through the third fan 26 to wait through the flue 29 through the fourth fan 28 Is released into. At this time, the air heated in the air heater 27 is supplied to the dryer 9.

Hereinafter, a fuel manufacturing method using sewage sludge according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

2 is a process flow chart showing a method for producing fuel using sewage sludge according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 and 2, the sewage sludge and various additives, for example, waste wood (wood line), dry sludge and molding agent (binder) are stored in the storage tanks 1a to 1d, respectively.

Thereafter, the sewage sludge and various additives, such as waste wood (wood line), dry sludge and molding agent (binder), are put into the combined reactor 3 as shown in Table 1 below (S1).

Kinds moisture(%) input(%) Calorific value (kcal) Sewage sludge 80 10 3,000 Wood powder (additive 1) 20 40 4,000 Dry sludge (additive 2) 10 10 3,000 Binder (Additive 3) 20 20 4,500

Thereafter, the merged reactor 3 is sealed and then the heat source is supplied through a heat source supply device 23 to heat and pressurize the interior of the merged reactor 3 for about 40 minutes to hydrolyze the contents (S2).

At this time, the contents (sewage sludge, waste wood, dry sludge, and molding agent) introduced into the combined reactor 3 undergo a phase change by hydrolysis, while mixing and crushing the contents through the internal rotation axis provided therein. It continuously proceeds to increase the reaction efficiency, thereby preventing the contents from being separated from each other due to a specific gravity difference.

Then, when the hydrolysis and mixing of the contents input to the combined reactor 3 is completed, the steam port of the combined reactor 3 is opened to bring the internal pressure and temperature of the combined reactor 3 to atmospheric pressure. Then, the vacuum device connected to the combined reactor 3 is operated to perform low temperature drying in a vacuum for about 60 minutes, and when the low temperature drying is completed, the vacuum is crushed and the mixture is intermediately stored through the outlet of the combined reactor 3 Transfer to the tank (5) and store.

At this time, the steam discharged from the combined reactor 3 is heat-exchanged through the heat exchanger 13 to condense, the condensate thus formed is treated as wastewater and the exhaust gas is sent to a deodorizer 18.

Thereafter, the mixture stored in the intermediate storage tank 5 is transferred to a molding machine 7 through a conveying conveyor, and then compressed and molded through a molding machine 7 to produce a molding having a predetermined shape and size (S3).

Subsequently, the molded product compressed and molded through the molding machine 7 is introduced into the drying machine 9 and then dried to a final moisture content of about 10% or less by hot air in the drying machine 9 (S4).

Thereafter, the dried molded product is stored in the product storage tank 12 and then shipped through a shipping vehicle (S5).

As described above, in the fuel manufacturing apparatus using sewage sludge according to the embodiment of the present invention, the sewage sludge and the additives are introduced into the combined reactor 10 and hydrolyzed for a period of time at a constant temperature and pressure to homogenize their physical properties. to provide.

That is, in the fuel manufacturing apparatus using sewage sludge according to the embodiment of the present invention, the sewage sludge and additives having different physical properties (viscosity, particle size, specific gravity, etc.) are hydrolyzed through the combined reactor 10 to physicalize these materials. By homogenizing the properties, the mixing efficiency between the sewage sludge and the additives is improved, thereby improving the bonding strength of these to stably manufacture and produce high quality solid fuel coal.

In the method of manufacturing fuel coal using sewage sludge according to the prior art, the physical properties of the sewage sludge and various additives are different from each other, processed and processed separately for each raw material, and then mixed and secondary processed to produce a product (solid fuel charcoal). Did.

For this reason, in the fuel coal manufacturing method using sewage sludge according to the prior art, each facility such as dehydration and drying is required for each raw material, so the facility is large and costly, and the product strength during compression and molding is low, so it is easy to break down. Not only quality but also moldability was low, so molding was difficult. In addition, since the mixing efficiency is low, it is difficult to increase the unit heating value of the final product by 3,500 kcal or more, and the uniformity of unit heating value of the finished product is irregular.

As described above, the technical idea of the present invention has been specifically described in a preferred embodiment, but the above-described preferred embodiment is for the purpose of explanation and not for limitation. As such, a person skilled in the art will understand that various embodiments are possible through the combination of the embodiments of the present invention within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.

1a ~ 1d: storage tank
2a, 2b, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11: Transfer conveyor
3: Combined reactor
5: Intermediate storage tank
7: forming machine
9: dryer
12: Product storage tank
13: heat exchanger (condenser)
14: condensate tank
15: vacuum pump
16: Sealing water tank
17, 25, 26, 25: fan
18: Deodorization device (chemical cleaning tower)
19: cooling tower
20: coolant tank
21: coolant pump
22: centrifugal cyclone
23: heat source supply
23a: Flame
24: Peyeol boiler
27: air heater
29: year
p: Molded product

Claims (5)

A storage tank (1a to 1d) for storing additives each including a sewage sludge and a caloric auxiliary and a molding agent;
A combined reactor 3 for hydrolyzing the contents including the sewage sludge and the additives inputted from the storage tanks 1a to 1d to equalize physical properties between the sewage sludge and the additives;
A molding machine (7) for compressing and molding a mixture having uniform physical properties by the combined reactor (3); And
Includes a dryer (9) for drying the molded article formed by the molding machine (7) so that the moisture content is 10% or less;
The combined reactor 3 continuously mixes and crushes the contents using an internal rotation shaft while heating and pressurizing the contents to hydrolyze, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the contents, thereby allowing the contents to Do not separate from each other by specific gravity difference,
A heat exchanger (13) for condensing heat exchanged through the steam discharged through the combined reactor (3); A condensate tank 14 in which condensate and exhaust gas condensed by heat exchange through the heat exchanger 13 are stored; A vacuum pump 15 for transferring the exhaust gas stored in the condensate tank 14; A sealing water tank (16) in which exhaust gas transferred through the vacuum pump (15) is stored; A fan 17 for relay transfer of the exhaust gas stored in the sealing water tank 16; A deodorizing device (chemical cleaning tower) 18 for deodorizing the exhaust gas transferred through the fan 17; fuel manufacturing apparatus using sewage sludge, characterized in that it further comprises.
delete According to claim 1,
A cooling tower (19) for cooling by directly connecting with outdoor air to reuse the cooling water heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger (13) to heat and condense the steam discharged through the combined reactor (3); A cooling water tank 20 in which cooling water cooled through the cooling tower 19 is stored; And a cooling water pump (21) for supplying cooling water stored in the cooling water tank (20) to the heat exchanger (13).
According to claim 1,
Sewage sludge characterized in that it further comprises a; centrifugal cyclone (22) for collecting and filtering the foreign matter and fine dust contained in the steam discharged through the combined reactor (3) to the heat exchanger (13) Fuel manufacturing apparatus using.
The method of claim 4,
A heat source supply device 23 for supplying a heat source to the combined reactor 3; And a waste heat boiler 24,
The heat source supply device 23 receives the exhaust gas (Contaminated Air) discharged from the sealing water tank 16 through the second fan 25, and uses the flame 23a. Heating,
The waste heat boiler 24 is supplied with the exhaust gas (air) heated by the heat source supply device 23 and generates steam IN using the heat of the exhaust gas to the combined reactor 3 Supply,
The waste heat boiler 24 heats the heated steam through the air heater 27 together with air sucked through the third fan 26 to wait through the flue 29 through the fourth fan 28 Discharged to, the air heated in the air heater (27) (Heating Air) fuel manufacturing apparatus using sewage sludge, characterized in that is supplied to the dryer (9).

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