JP2013079309A - Method of manufacturing waste oil-based solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To propose a method of manufacturing waste oil-based solid fuel with a high calorific value, proactively using solid waste oil and/or highly viscous liquid waste oil which have been difficult or impossible to use as fuel in the past.SOLUTION: The method of manufacturing the waste oil-based solid fuel includes heating and drying woody biomass, and mixing the woody biomass in a heated and dried state with the solid waste oil and/or highly viscous liquid waste oil.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a waste oil-based solid fuel, and more particularly, to a method for producing a waste oil-based solid fuel having a high calorific value, positively using solid waste oil and highly viscous liquid waste oil.

Waste oil such as crude oil sludge, waste paint, and waste solvent has high energy and is expected to be effectively used as fuel without being incinerated as waste.
However, waste oil has high viscosity, has no fluidity at room temperature, and has solids that settle and separate, so that it is not easy to handle during transportation. Then, it was difficult to handle as fuel.

  Therefore, the applicant first mixed waste oil such as crude oil sludge, waste paint, waste solvent, etc., biomass such as waste tatami, wood powder, etc., crushed to a predetermined particle size, and organic powder at a predetermined ratio. Then, a technology for injecting the obtained solid fuel as fuel from a kiln front part of a rotary kiln, which is a cement production facility, through a pipe line was developed and a patent application was filed (Patent Document 1).

JP 2006-199750 A

By the way, waste crushed crushed material mixed with waste oil, biomass such as wood flour is often sprayed to prevent dust scattering during crushing or transportation, and the moisture content is extremely high. It was. In addition, in the case of solid waste oil or highly viscous liquid waste oil, in order to ensure handling properties such as fluidity and mixing properties, it is pre-mixed with water-mixed low-viscosity liquid waste oil at the expense of fuel value, It was accepted as a high emulsion fuel, and the emulsion fuel was mixed with biomass such as waste crushed material and injected as fuel from the front of a kiln of a rotary kiln, which is a cement production facility.
However, since the moisture present in the fuel causes a reduction in combustion efficiency and a reduction in production capacity due to the steam treatment, it is naturally preferable that the amount of moisture in the fuel is small. Moreover, since solid waste oil or high-viscosity liquid waste oil has a high calorific value, it was desirable to use it without mixing with low-viscosity liquid waste oil if possible.

The present invention has been made in view of the actual circumstances of the above-described background art, and its purpose is to achieve solid waste oil and / or highly viscous liquid that has been difficult or impossible to use as fuel in the past. The purpose is to propose a method for producing waste oil-based solid fuel having a high calorific value by actively using waste oil.
Here, the above-mentioned solid waste oil in the present specification means that it does not come out even if the drum can containing the waste oil is tilted, or it may come out as a lump of mayonnaise or candy. Say things. In addition, the high-viscosity liquid waste oil refers to oil that is fluid as a whole unlike the solid waste oil but is not a low-viscosity liquid waste oil described later. Here, the low-viscosity liquid waste oil refers to a waste oil having a viscosity that is relatively light when a positive displacement pump is used and can be easily conveyed. Specifically, it is waste oil whose numerical value measured with a B-type viscometer at 20 ° C. is less than 2000 cP. Examples of the positive displacement pump include a vertical centrifugal pump. Even if such solid waste oil or highly viscous liquid waste oil is simply mixed with biomass such as waste crushed waste, mayonnaise-like or paddy-like massive waste oil remains on the surface of the biomass as waste oil waste, It was difficult or impossible.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a method for producing a waste oil-based solid fuel described in the following [1] to [7].
[1] A method for producing a waste oil-based solid fuel, comprising drying wood-based biomass by heating, and mixing the wood-based biomass in the heat-dried state with solid waste oil and / or highly viscous liquid waste oil.
[2] The woody biomass described in [1] above, wherein the woody biomass is any one or more of waste crushed crushed material, rice straw crushed material, wood chips, wood flour, sawdust, and paper waste A method for producing waste oil-based solid fuel.
[3] The solid waste oil and / or the highly viscous liquid waste oil is any one or more of waste glycerin, waste animal and vegetable oil, waste paraffin, oil sludge, waste grease, and waste lubricating oil, [1] The method for producing a waste oil-based solid fuel according to [2].
[4] The method for producing a waste oil-based solid fuel according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the woody biomass is heat-dried to a moisture content of 5% by mass or less.
[5] The above [1] to [4], wherein the woody biomass is mixed with solid waste oil and / or high-viscosity liquid waste oil after being dried by heating and before dropping to a temperature of 60 ° C. or lower. A method for producing a waste oil-based solid fuel according to any one of the above.
[6] The waste oil system according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the woody biomass is mixed with solid waste oil and / or highly viscous liquid waste oil while being heated. Solid fuel manufacturing method.
[7] The waste oil-based solid according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the solid waste oil and / or the highly viscous liquid waste oil is heated before mixing with the woody biomass. Fuel manufacturing method.

  According to the above-described method for producing a waste oil-based solid fuel according to the present invention, wood-based biomass is heat-dried, and the wood-based biomass in the heat-dried state is mixed with solid waste oil and / or highly viscous liquid waste oil. Therefore, the solid waste oil and / or high-viscosity liquid waste oil is mixed with heat-dried woody biomass to reduce its viscosity and mix well with the woody biomass, and the liquid is absorbed by the woody biomass. Therefore, it is possible to produce a waste oil-based solid fuel having low adhesion and a high calorific value.

It is the figure which showed notionally an example of the equipment which implements the manufacturing method of the waste oil type solid fuel which concerns on this invention.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a method for producing a waste oil-based solid fuel according to the present invention will be described in detail.

  The method for producing a waste oil-based solid fuel according to the present invention comprises heating wood-based biomass and mixing the wood-based biomass in the heat-dried state with solid waste oil and / or highly viscous liquid waste oil.

Examples of the woody biomass used in the present invention include waste crushed material, rice straw crushed material, wood chips (for example, crushed material from construction waste wood), wood flour, sawdust, paper waste (newspaper, cardboard, old magazines, etc.) ) And the like.
In this specification, woody biomass is a general term for wood-derived organic resources (excluding fossil fuels) that can be used as fuel.

  The crushed particle size of the woody biomass differs depending on the method of using the produced solid fuel. For example, when used in a burner of a rotary kiln that is a cement production facility, the average particle size (residue of the sieve is (Aperture dimension within 50% by mass) is preferably 0.5 mm or more, and the maximum particle size (aperture dimension with a sieve residue within 5% by mass) is 10 mm or less, preferably 5 mm or less. Preferably it is 3 mm or less. This is because if the average particle size is less than 0.5 mm, the entire particle system becomes finer, so that the fluidity and dispersibility are reduced, and the effect of improving the handling property of the solid waste oil and / or the highly viscous liquid waste oil to be mixed, etc. It becomes difficult to obtain. When the maximum particle size exceeds 10 mm, it is difficult to form a flame (frame), and combustion is continued even after the fuel has landed, which may deteriorate the quality of the cement clinker. If the maximum particle size is 5 mm or less, the proportion of particles that land and burn is reduced, and the proportion of solid fuel used can be increased, which is preferable.

The woody biomass is often watered in order to prevent dust scattering during its crushing or transportation, and the water content is generally as high as 10 to 40% by mass. is there.
In the present invention, it is essential to first heat and dry the woody biomass having a high water content. The heating and drying method is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use waste heat from the viewpoint of energy saving. For example, by heating the screw, casing and the like of a screw conveyor using steam heated by using waste heat of a cement manufacturing facility, and conveying the woody biomass by stirring the heated screw conveyor, System biomass is dried by heating.

The heating temperature and heating time of the woody biomass may be set as appropriate according to the type of woody biomass, the type of heating and drying equipment used, etc. Therefore, it is usually sufficient to perform the treatment at about 120 to 140 ° C. for a few minutes to a few dozen minutes.
The woody biomass preferably has a moisture content of 5% by mass or less by this heat drying. This is a woody biomass having such a low water content, so that the water absorption of the solid waste oil and / or the highly viscous liquid waste oil to be mixed becomes good, and a solid fuel with less adhesion can be produced. This is preferable because a solid fuel with a low calorific value and a high calorific value can be produced.
In this specification, the water content is
[(Mass before drying−absolute mass) / (mass before drying)] × 100
Say what you calculated in.

The solid waste oil and the highly viscous liquid waste oil used in the present invention are as defined in the previous [0006] stage. That is, the solid waste oil means one that does not come out even when the drum can containing the waste oil is tilted, or one that comes out in a mayonnaise-like or candy-like form. In addition, the high-viscosity liquid waste oil refers to oil that is fluid as a whole unlike the solid waste oil but is not a low-viscosity liquid waste oil described later. Here, the low-viscosity liquid waste oil is a waste oil having a viscosity that can be easily transported with a relatively small load when a positive displacement pump is used. Specifically, a numerical value measured with a B-type viscometer at 20 ° C. Waste oil below 2000 cP.
Examples of the solid waste oil and / or highly viscous liquid waste oil that meet the above definition include waste glycerin, waste animal and vegetable oils, waste paraffin, oil sludge, waste grease, and waste lubricating oil.

In the present invention, it is essential to mix the woody biomass in the heat-dried state with the solid waste oil and / or the highly viscous liquid waste oil.
By mixing the woody biomass in the heat-dried state with the solid waste oil and / or the high-viscosity liquid waste oil, the solid waste oil and / or the high-viscosity liquid waste oil is heated using the heat quantity of the woody biomass. The viscosity can be lowered, both are well mixed, and the solid waste oil and / or the highly viscous liquid waste oil is well absorbed by the woody biomass with a low water content.

  In the mixing, it is preferable that the woody biomass is mixed with solid waste oil and / or high-viscosity liquid waste oil immediately after heat drying and before the temperature falls to at least 60 ° C. or less. It is preferable that the solid waste oil and / or the highly viscous liquid waste oil is mixed while being heated. This is preferable because solid waste oil and / or high-viscosity liquid waste oil can be more reliably heated to lower its viscosity. Moreover, it is preferable that the said solid waste oil and / or highly viscous liquid waste oil is heated before mixing with woody biomass. This can also reduce the viscosity of the solid waste oil and / or the high-viscosity liquid waste oil, improve the mixing property with the woody biomass, and the solid waste oil and / or the high-viscosity liquid from the drum can. It is preferable because waste oil can be easily discharged. In addition, it is preferable that the heating at the time of mixing and the heating of the solid waste oil and / or the high-viscosity liquid waste oil before mixing also utilize waste heat in consideration of energy saving. For example, a mixer is heated to 60 to 90 ° C. using steam heated by using waste heat of a cement manufacturing facility, and the woody biomass and solid waste oil and / or high viscosity liquid are heated by the heated mixer. Mix with waste oil. In addition, the drum containing solid waste oil and / or high-viscosity liquid waste oil is immersed in a water tank heated to 60 to 90 ° C. using waste heat of the cement production facility, and the solid waste oil before mixing and / or Heating highly viscous liquid waste oil.

  The mixer used for mixing the woody biomass with the solid waste oil and / or the highly viscous liquid waste oil is not particularly limited. However, the mixer is not simply provided with a stirring blade, and the mixing container itself is rotated. It is preferable to use one having a simple structure. This is because the mixer having such a structure can mix well a highly viscous material such as solid waste oil and / or highly viscous liquid waste oil and a material having a low bulk density such as woody biomass. Is preferable. An example of such a mixer that also rotates the container itself is an intensive mixer manufactured by Eirich.

  The mixing ratio of the woody biomass in the heat-dried state and the solid waste oil and / or high-viscosity liquid waste oil is 30 to 300 masses of solid waste oil and / or high-viscosity liquid waste oil with respect to 100 parts by mass of the woody biomass. Part, preferably 50 to 200 parts by weight, more preferably 80 to 150 parts by weight. If the blending amount of the solid waste oil and / or the highly viscous liquid waste oil is less than 30 parts by mass, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of promoting the use of the waste oil and the calorific value of the obtained solid fuel. Conversely, if the amount of solid waste oil and / or high-viscosity liquid waste oil exceeds 300 parts by mass, the woody biomass cannot absorb and carry the waste oil, and a large amount of oil remains on the particle surface of the mixture (solid fuel). Thus, gloss and adhesion are generated on the particle surface, and fluidity in a transport pipe or a transport machine is lowered, which is not preferable.

The solid fuel obtained by mixing the woody biomass in the heat-dried state with solid waste oil and / or high-viscosity liquid waste oil has a good mixability between them, no large waste oil lumps, and the liquid content in the waste oil is low. Because it is absorbed and supported by woody biomass, it is a solid fuel that has greatly improved adhesion and has handling properties that do not interfere with pneumatic feeding through pipes, and has good handleability. It becomes.
In addition to the above, the obtained solid fuel is a mixture of solid waste oil and / or high-viscosity liquid waste oil having high energy and heat-dried woody biomass with a low water content. Specifically, it becomes a solid fuel having a calorific value of 4000 kcal / kg or more, and has high fuel value.
The solid fuel adherence is measured by putting 100 g of a sample into a stainless cylindrical container (capacity: 1.7 L) having a diameter of 120 mm and a length of 150 mm, and the cylindrical container is rotated at 46 rpm around the axis. The sample can be quantified by rotating for 20 minutes and measuring the mass of the sample adhering to the inner wall of the container. If the amount of adhesion measured by this method does not exceed 1.0 g, the air pressure through the pipe line It has been found that there is no hindrance to sending.
In addition, the calorific value of the solid fuel was measured with a Fuel Research automatic bomb calorimeter (model: CA-4P) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.

  The solid fuel obtained by the above-described production method according to the present invention is greatly improved in adhesion and has a high calorific value. For example, the solid fuel is blown from a burner at the front of the kiln of a rotary kiln that is a cement production facility. Therefore, it can be used as a fuel satisfactorily. Of course, it can also be put into a kiln bottom of a rotary kiln or a calcining furnace and used as a fuel for cement production.

Next, an embodiment of a method for producing a waste oil-based solid fuel according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram conceptually showing a production facility for waste oil-based solid fuel and a rotary kiln using the waste oil-based solid fuel.

  As shown in the figure, first, the waste tatami A, which is a woody biomass, is put into the crusher 1 and crushed into a crushed material having a ratio of crushed material having a length of 5 cm or less of 80% by mass or more. Then, the crushed material of the obtained waste tatami A is conveyed by a conveyor or the like and sent to the heating and drying device 2.

  The heating and drying apparatus 2 is of a screw conveyor type, and the screw and casing thereof are heated to 120 to 140 ° C. using steam heated by using waste heat of the cement manufacturing facility, and the heated screw The crushed material of the waste tatami A is transported over several minutes to ten and several minutes while being stirred by the conveyor, and is heat-dried to obtain a crushed material of the waste tatami A having a moisture content of 5% by mass or less.

  The heat-dried crushed waste tatami A is transported upward by the bucket elevator 3, put into the hopper 4, weighed for one batch (about 350 kg), and mixed into a mixer (Eirich mixer manufactured by Eirich) 5. It is thrown.

  On the other hand, the drum can in which the waste glycerin X, which is solid waste oil and / or high-viscosity liquid waste oil, is transported by a forklift or the like and immersed in the drum can heating tank 6. The drum heating tank 6 is heated to a water temperature of 60 to 90 ° C. using waste heat from the cement production facility, and is immersed in the drum heating tank 6 for 2 to 8 hours. The drum can was heated.

  The heated drum can is transported by the drum can overturning device 7 and overturned above the mixer 5, and one batch (about 200 kg) of waste glycerin X is put into the mixer 5. And the crushed material of the waste tatami A which is the woody biomass put into the mixer 5 and the waste glycerin X which is a solid waste oil and / or a highly viscous liquid waste oil are stirred and mixed for a predetermined time (about 3 minutes). The

  By the above mixing operation, the waste oil-based solid fuel O composed of a mixture of the crushed waste tatami A and waste glycerin X is obtained. The solid fuel O discharged from the mixer 5 is crushed by a crusher (not shown) installed downstream thereof, foreign matters are removed by a drum magnetic separator, the particle size thereof is adjusted by a trommel, and measured by a meter 8. Instead of pulverized coal, which is the main fuel of the rotary kiln 9, or in combination with pulverized coal, the air is fed toward the burner 10 and introduced into the rotary kiln 9 from the fuel injection port of the burner 10.

  The solid fuel O introduced into the rotary kiln 9 is completely burned in a short time before landing on the furnace bottom by the flame from the burner 10, and the combustion residue of the solid fuel O becomes a part of the clinker component. On the other hand, foreign matter or the like in the solid fuel O that has been removed by a drum magnetic separator (not shown), trommel, and the like is introduced from the kiln bottom (not shown) of the rotary kiln 9 and used as fuel, and the residue is clinker Become part of the ingredients.

As mentioned above, although embodiment of the manufacturing method of the waste oil type solid fuel which concerns on this invention was described, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above at all.
For example, the waste oil-based solid fuel O of the present invention is used when the particle size is very large, when it is difficult to pneumatically feed (for example, having adhesion), or when it is desired to increase the throughput per unit time. It is good also as a structure thrown in from the kiln bottom part (not shown) of the rotary kiln 9. FIG. Furthermore, it is good also as a structure thrown in from the calcining furnace (not shown) in the upstream of the rotary kiln 9. FIG. In this case, it is sufficient that the handling property is adjusted to the minimum necessary for mechanical transfer and mechanical input, compared to the technology that is input from the front of the kiln of the rotary kiln 9. The adjustment may be fairly rough, and can be used in large quantities as a cement production fuel.

Test example

1. Material used [1] Woody biomass Crushed material of the main tatami mat was used. The crushed tatami mat was prepared by the following method.
The tatami mat is crushed using a uniaxial crusher (rooster opening: 15 mm), and the balance of the sieve having an average particle size of 0.5 mm or more and an opening size of 10 mm is 5% by mass or less. A crushed material of this tatami mat was prepared. The water content after crushing the main tatami was 7.8% by mass. The calorific value was 2860 kcal / kg.
[2] Solid waste oil and / or highly viscous liquid waste oil Waste glycerin solid at room temperature was used. The water content of the waste glycerin was 10.1% by mass. The calorific value was 5940 kcal / kg.

2. Production example 1 of solid fuel
The crushed tatami mat was heated and dried at 140 ° C. for 10 minutes to adjust the water content to 2% by mass. On the other hand, a metal can containing waste glycerin was immersed in a water bath at 60 ° C. for 3 hours to heat the waste glycerin. Both were immediately mixed at a mass ratio of 1: 1 to produce a solid fuel.
In addition, mixing was performed by stirring and mixing for about 2 minutes using the hand mixer within the pail can.
Test example 2
The crushed tatami mat and waste glycerin were mixed as they were at a normal mass ratio of 1: 1 to produce a solid fuel.
In addition, mixing was performed by stirring and mixing for about 2 minutes using the hand mixer within the pail can.

3. Properties of solid fuel For each of the produced solid fuels, the amount of adhesion, the presence or absence of lumps, and the calorific value were measured. In addition, the measurement sample was performed after manufacturing (after mixing) using what was each cooled to normal temperature.
For the measurement of the amount of adhesion, 100 g of a sample was put into a stainless steel cylindrical container (capacity: 1.7 L) having a diameter of 120 mm and a length of 150 mm, and the cylindrical container was rotated at a rotation speed of 46 rpm for 20 minutes around the axis. The mass of the sample adhering to the inner wall of the container was measured, and the adhesion rate (mass%) was calculated.
The presence or absence of lumps was observed by visually observing whether or not lumps having a particle size of 5 mm or more exist.
Furthermore, the calorific value was measured by a fuel-ken automatic bomb calorimeter (model: CA-4P) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
Table 1 shows the measurement results of the adhesion amount, the presence or absence of lumps, and the calorific value.

4). Summary According to the test example described above, it was confirmed that when the crushed tatami mat in a heat-dried state and waste glycerin were mixed, a mixture having low adhesion and a high calorific value was obtained.
On the other hand, when the crushed material of the main tatami with a high water content is mixed with waste glycerin as it is, there are many dumplings in which the crushed material of the main tatami is coated on the lump of waste glycerin, and it cannot withstand pneumatic feeding. It confirmed that it became a property mixture.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crusher 2 Heating and drying apparatus 3 Bucket elevator 4a, 4b Hopper 5 Mixer 6 Drum can heating tank 7 Drum can overturning device 8 Weighing instrument 9 Rotary kiln 10 Burner A Waste tatto X Waste glycerin O Solid fuel

Claims (7)

  A method for producing a waste oil-based solid fuel, comprising drying wood-based biomass by heating, and mixing the wood-based biomass in a heat-dried state with solid waste oil and / or high-viscosity liquid waste oil.   2. The waste oil-based solid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the woody biomass is at least one of waste crushed material, rice straw crushed material, wood chips, wood flour, sawdust, and paper waste. Manufacturing method.   The solid waste oil and / or the highly viscous liquid waste oil is at least one of waste glycerin, waste animal and vegetable oil, waste paraffin, oil sludge, waste grease, and waste lubricating oil. A method for producing a waste oil-based solid fuel as described in 1.   The method for producing a waste oil-based solid fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the woody biomass is heat-dried to a moisture content of 5% by mass or less.   The woody biomass is mixed with solid waste oil and / or high-viscosity liquid waste oil after heat drying and before dropping to a temperature of 60 ° C or lower. A method for producing waste oil-based solid fuel.   The method for producing a waste oil-based solid fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the woody biomass and the solid waste oil and / or the highly viscous liquid waste oil are mixed while being heated.   The method for producing a waste oil-based solid fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the solid waste oil and / or the highly viscous liquid waste oil is heated before mixing with the woody biomass.

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