KR20150061359A - Three-dimensional shape measurement device of train wheels - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional shape measurement device of train wheels, which carries out a 360-degree profile measurement on the circumference of a train wheel to calculate the measured data into a three-dimensional image, thereby allowing users to conveniently check the measurement result with the naked eye. According to the present invention, the three-dimensional shape measurement device of train wheels is capable of measuring the condition of the profile on the entire outer circumference of a train wheel, thereby detecting all the defects in the train wheel.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a three-dimensional shape measuring apparatus for a railway wheel,

The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel. More specifically, the present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel, The present invention relates to a three-dimensional shape measuring apparatus for a railway wheel.

As is well known, trains must have a special form of wheel profile structure for orbiting. It is necessary to maintain a profile of a specific reference shape in order to prevent the wheel from derailing due to abrasion of the wheel beyond the reference level due to continuous friction with the rail and at the same time to secure a stable ride feeling.

Therefore, the shape of the wheel is always measured and managed for such wheel management.

In recent years, various methods for automating wheel management have been devised. For example, as a method of inspecting the wheels of a running train, there is a method of measuring a wheel shape using a multi-line laser (Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0628351) '.

Hereinafter, the conventional wheel shape measuring apparatus will be described in detail with reference to the patent registration publication.

1 is a front view of a conventional wheel shape measuring apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a profile line image taken by using a conventional wheel shape measuring apparatus.

1, the conventional wheel shape measuring apparatus is provided at a lower portion of a running train, and has a laser beam 220 for a profile, the irradiation surface of which is a line in the width direction of the wheel 10, A profile camera 120 for photographing a profile line (see FIG. 2) indicated by the profile laser 220, a diameter laser 310 for irradiating the inner surface of the wheel 10, a diameter laser And a diameter camera 210 for photographing a minor diameter line indicated by a line 310 shown in FIG.

When a plurality of laser lines are projected in the axle direction and photographed by the profile photographing means 220, a plurality of profile line images 122 as shown in FIG. 2 are generated. By processing the profile line image 122 and analyzing it with a computer, various profile-related data such as the flange height and thickness can be extracted. Since three profile line images 122 are formed by three first laser lines, if a distortion occurs when the wheel 10 enters, each profile line image 122 is not arranged in a line in parallel, It is possible to confirm immediately when a gap is generated between the images 122 and to correct an error at the time of triggering.

However, such a conventional wheel shape measuring apparatus can not measure the entire 360-degree section of the tread surface located on the circumference of the wheel 10. Therefore, when the tolerance is out of the other tread surface area except for the measurable section, I can not.

In addition, when the centrifugal degree is poor, there is a problem that the up-and-down vibration is largely generated during the operation of the railway vehicle, which interferes with stable running, and adversely affects the durability of various suspension devices and bearings.

Further, since the conventional wheel shape measuring apparatus can only see the profile image by the laser on the computer screen, there is a disadvantage that the shape of the wheel can not be visually confirmed, so that the user must be able to visually confirm the shape of the wheel easily .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances of the prior art described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a three- And it is an object of the present invention to provide a three-dimensional shape measuring apparatus for a railway wheel which enables a measurement result to be easily checked.

In order to achieve the above object, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least two or more first, second and third driving parts (13, 14, 15); Two or more laser beams which are commonly provided in the first, second and third driving portions 13, 14 and 15 and have a length in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the wheel 10 are emitted, A line laser 16 for emitting a laser beam; A diameter imaging camera (17) provided commonly inside the first, second, and third drive units (13, 14, 15) for imaging the multiple laser lines without interfering with the bottom surface of the wheel, Wow; A multi-line laser 18 provided inside the second driving unit 14 and emitting multiple laser lines having a length in the axial direction of the wheel 10 to irradiate the bottom of the profile; A bottom surface detecting camera 19 provided in the second driving unit 14 for photographing the multiple laser lines so that no interference occurs on the bottom surface of the wheel to photograph the multiple laser lines; A control unit 20 for analyzing the profile line image and measuring each part of the wheel 10; And a data storage unit (21) for storing the measurement data applied by the controller (20).

Preferably, the remote terminal device 22 for backing up and managing measurement data transmitted by the control unit 20 by a remote user; And a display unit (23) attached to the remote terminal device (22) for displaying a measurement result. The apparatus for measuring a three dimensional shape of a railway wheel is provided.

Preferably, the line laser 16 is means for emitting two or more profile line images in the traveling direction at the central portion of the oblique face of the wheel 10.

Preferably, the multi-line laser 18 is means for emitting a profile line image of 5 or more in the axial direction at the central portion of the obverse surface of the wheel 10.

Preferably, the control unit 20 measures the face-to-face state of the wheel using the multi-profile line applied from the multi-line laser 18 and measures the face of the wheel 10 along the circumference measurement value obtained from the line laser 16 The three-dimensional shape of the railway wheel is measured.

Preferably, the first, second and third driving portions 13, 14 and 15 are arranged so as to have a longer length range than the entire trajectory of the wheel 10 in one rotation of the wheel 10, The three-dimensional shape measuring device for a railway wheel is characterized in that the spacing between the second and third driving portions (13, 14, 15) is the same.

The apparatus for measuring the three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to the present invention has an advantage in that it can measure all the defects of the wheel because the state of the bottom surface due to the entire outer circumferential surface of the wheel can be measured.

1 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of an apparatus for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view showing a driving part arrangement state of an apparatus for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention,
3 is a view showing a mounting state of a laser and a camera when measuring a wheel diameter formed in an apparatus for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 4 is a front view showing a mounting state of a laser and a camera in the wheel tread surface measurement, which is configured in an apparatus for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a mounting state of a laser and a camera when measuring a wheel surface in a railway wheel three-dimensional shape measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view showing a mounting state of a laser and a camera in the wheel tread surface measurement, which is configured in an apparatus for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a signal flow of an apparatus for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of an apparatus for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a three- FIG. 3 is a view showing a mounting state of a laser and a camera when measuring a wheel diameter formed in an apparatus for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The apparatus for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention measures a dorsal surface of a 360-degree section located on a circumference of a wheel and calculates measured data to obtain a three-dimensional image So that the user can visually confirm the measurement result with ease.

More specifically, an apparatus for measuring the three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention roughly includes at least two or more at least two axially arranged axially- And first, second, and third driving units 13, 14, and 15.

Preferably, the first, second, and third drive units 13, 14, and 15 are arranged to have a longer length range than the entire anterior face locus of the wheel 10 in one rotation of the wheel 10, , And the driving sections (13, 14, 15) are arranged at the same interval.

Therefore, in the apparatus for measuring the three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first, second, and third driving units are provided so that the answer locus of the wheel 10, (13, 14, 15) are arranged. It is possible to measure 360 degrees with respect to the circumference of each wheel, and it is also possible to derive a three-dimensional image based on the measured data.

The apparatus for measuring the three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a triggering device. The triggering sensor constituting the triggering device includes an entrance triggering sensor 11 and an advance triggering sensor 12 And is spaced apart along the path of the wheel 10 to sense when the wheel 10 passes.

The entrance triggering sensor 11 and the advance triggering sensor 12 are provided commonly to the first, second and third drive units 13, 14 and 15 so that the diameter imaging camera 17, And capturing the shuttering point of the shutter 19 is very important.

Accordingly, as the train enters, the position of the wheel is located above the third drive unit 15. [ At this time, when the entrance triggering sensor 11 and the advance triggering sensor 12 detect the wheel and determine the image acquisition time, the third drive unit 15 measures the range a in the wheel 10.

Preferably, when the position of the wheel is located above the second drive unit 14, the entrance triggering sensor 11 and the advance triggering sensor 12 detect the wheel to determine an image acquisition time point, 2 driving unit 14 measures.

Preferably, when the position of the wheel is located above the first driving unit 13, the entrance triggering sensor 11 and the advance triggering sensor 12 detect the wheel to determine the image acquisition time point, 1 drive unit 13 measures it.

Therefore, when the wheel 10 passes all the first driving portion 13, measurement of the entire circumference of the wheel is completed.

The apparatus for measuring the three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided commonly inside the first, second and third drive units 13, 14, 15, A line laser 16 which emits two or more laser beams having a length in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the profile; A diameter imaging camera (17) provided commonly inside the first, second, and third drive units (13, 14, 15) for imaging the multiple laser lines without interfering with the bottom surface of the wheel, .

At this time, the line laser 16 is means for emitting two or more profile line images in the traveling direction at the central portion of the face of the wheel 10.

That is, when two line lasers 16 are positioned below the wheel 10 and emit light, the diameter imaging camera 17 acquires an image along the laser line due to the line laser 16, Can be obtained.

Therefore, when the wheel 10 is detected by the entry triggering sensor 11 and the advance triggering sensor 12 provided within the measurement period, the line laser 16 and the diameter portion 16 provided in the respective drivers 13, The imaging camera 17 can acquire the wheel profile image.

The apparatus for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided inside the second driving unit 14 and emits multiple laser lines having a length in the axial direction of the wheel 10, A multi-line laser 18 for irradiating the bottom surface; And a bottom surface detecting camera 19 provided inside the second driving unit 14 for photographing the multi laser lines without interference on the bottom surface of the wheel.

In this case, the multi-line laser 18 is a means for emitting a profile line image of 5 or more in the axial direction at the central portion of the oblique face of the wheel 10, and the multi-line laser 18 is formed by using two or more light sources, One first laser line may be configured to be irradiated or multi-line generating optics may be equipped to irradiate a plurality of first laser lines with one light source.

By using the multi-line generating optics, the setting of each laser line is completed through the setting of one light source, so that the maintenance becomes very easy. By adjusting the distance to the object irradiating the laser line, It can be narrowed down to the size of the light source. As described above, the multi-line generating optics for changing the light emitted from one light source into a plurality of laser lines is a well-known component in various optical fields, and thus a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

That is, when the laser line is irradiated to the wheel 10 by the multi-line laser 18, the tilting surface detecting camera 19 can acquire the wheel profile image. When the wheel 10 is detected within the measuring period, And the multi-line laser 18 and the bottom surface detecting camera 19 provided on the back surface detecting camera 19 can acquire the wheel profile image.

Meanwhile, the apparatus for measuring three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a control unit 20 for analyzing the profile line image and measuring each part of the wheel 10; And a data storage unit 21 for storing the measurement data applied by the controller 20.

Preferably, the apparatus for measuring three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a remote terminal device 22 for managing and receiving measurement data transmitted by the control unit 20 by a remote user; And a display unit (23) added to the remote terminal apparatus (22) to display a measurement result.

The control unit 20 measures the surface state of the wheel using the multi-profile line applied from the multi-line laser 18, and calculates the center of the wheel 10 along the circumference measured value obtained from the line laser 16 The rotation is based on the axis, and the roundness and the three-dimensional image are derived.

Basically, the method of measuring the wheel 10 is the same as that of measuring the amount of wear by comparing the image of the obtained profile line with the image of the profile line as a reference, Since the shape measuring apparatus can measure the state of the dorsal surface due to the entire outer circumferential surface of the wheel 10, it is more precise than the techniques for measuring the dorsal surface state of a part as in the prior art, and there is little possibility of error due to unmeasured measurement.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a mounting state of a laser and a camera in the wheel tread surface measurement performed in an apparatus for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a front view of the railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a three-dimensional shape measuring apparatus of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a three- Fig. 8 is a side view showing the mounting state of the camera.

The apparatus for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of laser beams having a length in the axial direction of the wheel 10, A multi-line laser 18 for irradiating the bottom surface of the profile; And a bottom surface detecting camera 19 provided inside the second driving unit 14 for photographing the multi laser lines without interference on the bottom surface of the wheel.

The multi-line laser 18 is means for emitting a profile line image of 5 or more in the axial direction at the central portion of the face of the wheel 10.

The function and operation of the apparatus for measuring the three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a signal flow of an apparatus for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The apparatus for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided below a track of a rail through which a wheel 10 passes, and the arrival triggering sensor 11 and the advance triggering sensor 12 And is commonly provided to the first, second, and third driving units 13, 14, 15 to capture the shuttering point of the diameter imaging camera 17 or the bottom surface detection camera 19.

That is, the entry triggering sensor 11 and the entry triggering sensor 12 sense the entry and exit of the wheel 10, and the control unit 20 controls the first, second and third drive units 13 , 14, 15) can be driven.

The control unit 20 drives and controls the line laser 16 and the multi-line laser 18 to emit light, and calculates the speed and acceleration of the wheel 10, The line laser 16 and the multi-line laser 18 constituting the first, second and third driving units 13, 14 and 15 are caused to emit light.

That is, when the image acquisition time is determined by the triggering sensors 11 and 12 adjacent to the respective driving units 13, 14 and 15, the control unit 20 controls the driving unit 13, The image pickup camera 17 and the bottom surface detecting camera 19 are sequentially driven to control shuttering.

In this manner, the control unit 20 sequentially drives the diameter imaging camera 17 and the bottom surface detecting camera 19 provided in the first, second and third driving units 13, 14 and 15 to drive the wheel 10 ) Acquires the profile image until it completely exits the corresponding measurement range.

At this time, the controller 20 measures the state of the bottom surface of the wheel using the multi-profile line applied from the multi-line laser 18 and calculates the center of the wheel 10 along the circumference measured value obtained from the line laser 16 The rotation is based on the axis, and the roundness and the three-dimensional image are derived.

Next, when the advance signal is detected from the advance triggering sensor 12 provided in the last driver (for example, the third driver 15) in which the wheel 10 travels, 14, and 15 are terminated.

The control unit 20 stores data including the profile line data, the three-dimensional image data, the roundness data, and the wear rate data in the data storage unit 21 and backs up the data to the remote terminal unit 22. At this time, the backup may be performed at regular intervals.

Meanwhile, the apparatus for measuring the three-dimensional shape of a railway wheel according to the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be modified in various ways within the scope of the present invention.

10: wheel, 11: entry triggering sensor,
12: Entry triggering sensor, 13: First driving section,
14: second driving part, 15: third driving part,
16: line laser, 17: diameter imaging camera,
18: Multi-line laser, 19: Face detection camera,
20: control unit, 21: data storage unit,
22: remote terminal, 23: display.

Claims (6)

At least two first, second and third driving portions (13, 14, 15) arranged axially and continuously along the rails for measuring the entire anteroposterior face of the wheel (10) with respect to the rails;
Two or more laser beams which are commonly provided in the first, second and third driving portions 13, 14 and 15 and have a length in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the wheel 10 are emitted, A line laser 16 for emitting a laser beam;
A diameter imaging camera (17) provided commonly inside the first, second, and third drive units (13, 14, 15) for imaging the multiple laser lines without interfering with the bottom surface of the wheel, Wow;
A multi-line laser 18 provided inside the second driving unit 14 and emitting multiple laser lines having a length in the axial direction of the wheel 10 to irradiate the bottom of the profile;
A bottom surface detecting camera 19 provided in the second driving unit 14 for photographing the multiple laser lines so that no interference occurs on the bottom surface of the wheel to photograph the multiple laser lines;
A control unit 20 for analyzing the profile line image and measuring each part of the wheel 10;
And a data storage unit (21) for storing measurement data applied by the controller (20). The method according to claim 1,
A remote terminal device 22 for receiving and managing measurement data transmitted from the control unit 20 by a remote user; Further comprising a display unit (23) attached to the remote terminal apparatus (22) for displaying measurement results. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the line laser (16) is means for emitting two or more profile line images in the traveling direction to the central portion of the obverse surface of the wheel (10). The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the multi-line laser (18) is means for emitting a profile line image of 5 or more in the axial direction at the central portion of the obverse surface of the wheel (10). The method according to claim 1,
The control unit 20 measures the face-to-face state of the wheel using the multi-profile line applied from the multi-line laser 18 and measures the center of the wheel 10 based on the circumference measured value obtained from the line laser 16 So that the roundness and the three-dimensional image are derived. The method according to claim 1,
The first, second, and third drive units 13, 14, and 15 are arranged to have a longer length than the entire anterior face locus of the wheel 10 in one rotation of the wheel 10, 3 driving units (13, 14, 15) are the same.

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