KR20150007950A - Boiler system - Google Patents

Abstract

A boiler system includes: a boiler unit which heats boiler water by using the waste heat of a motor as a heat source; a second pump which circulates boiler water through a second circulation path; and a heat storage unit which exchanges heat between a heat storage material and boiler water flowing in the second circulation path. The heat storage unit stores heat by heating the heat storage material by boiler water when the temperature of the heat storage material is lower than the temperature of the boiler water and heats boiler water by the heat storage material when the temperature of the heat storage material is higher than the temperature of the boiler water. The boiler system in a simple structure heats boiler water by using stored waste heat while storing the waste heat of a motor by adding the heat storage unit, the second pump, and the second circulation path to the boiler unit which supplies steam to a steam system in a vessel.

Description

BOILER SYSTEM

The present invention relates to a boiler system.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, in a large-sized ship, an exhaust gas economizer for generating boilers by heating boiler water by waste heat discharged from a main engine It is installed in the chimney. For example, in the exhaust gas economizer system disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-164646 (Document 1), the boiler water stored in the auxiliary boiler is sent to the exhaust gas economizer by the boiler water circulation pump, After being heated in the gas economizer, it is returned to the auxiliary boiler.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-116847 (Document 2) proposes an energy storage system for storing energy in a ship. In this energy storage system, a waste heat recovery apparatus (heat recovery apparatus) for recovering exhaust waste heat from a main engine by heat oil is provided, and the heated oil in the waste heat recovery apparatus is stored in a heat storage material heat exchanger (Heat storage material heat exchanger) and steam generator device (steam generator device). In the heat storage material heat exchanger, a heat storage material such as a molten salt is heated and stored by heat oil. In the steam generator, water is evaporated by the fuels to drive a steam turbine, and power is generated by a generator connected to the steam turbine. A portion of the steam supplied to the steam turbine is taken from the midstage of the steam turbine and used as process steam in the ship. In the case where the waste heat from the main engine is not used during berthing (anchoring), the water in the steam generator is heated by the heat of the heat storage material to generate steam, and the steam is used to generate electricity.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-75227 (Document 3) proposes a ship thermal storage system (ship thermal storage system). In this heat accumulation system, water is heated by the exhaust gas economizer to generate steam, and the steam is supplied to the heat exchanging means to heat the heat accumulating medium (heat accumulating medium) discharged from the heat accumulating tank . In the heat accumulation use operation mode, the utilization side heat medium is sent out from the use equipment (use equipment) to the heat exchange means, and the utilization side heat medium is heated by the heat accumulation medium supplied from the heat accumulation tank to the heat exchange means.

On the other hand, Japanese Utility Model Registration Utility No. 3044386 (Document 4) discloses a power generation apparatus that generates power by using exhaust gas from a diesel generator. In this power generation apparatus, an organic fluid circulating through a circulation path by heated water or steam is heated by a heat exchanger (heat exchanger) by the exhaust of a diesel generator or the like, The turbine is driven and power generation is performed by the generator. The power generation apparatus is a waste heat recovery apparatus that performs an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) using an organic medium as a working fluid.

However, in the ship energy storage system of Document 2, a large-scale heat storage facility is required in order to use the accumulated heat energy as a power source for power generation. In addition, since the conversion efficiency when converting heat energy into power is low, it is difficult to efficiently utilize the accumulated heat energy. On the other hand, in the ship thermal storage system of Document 3, a system for recovering waste heat of a main engine, a system for heat storage from a storage tank and a heat storage tank, and a system for supplying thermal energy of a storage tank to a user equipment via a utilization heat storage medium So that the structure of the ship thermal storage system becomes complicated.

An object of the present invention is to provide a simple structure system for accumulating waste heat of a prime mover and using accumulated waste heat for a boiler system.

A boiler system according to the present invention includes a boiler unit for storing a liquid medium and heating a medium by using waste heat from a prime mover as a heat source, and a circulator for sending a liquid medium from the boiler unit and circulating the liquid medium through the circulation path A pump, and a heat storage material, performing heat exchange between the heat storage material and the medium flowing through the circulation path, and storing heat by the heat storage material when the heat storage material is cooler than the medium flowing through the circulation path, And a heat storage unit for heating the medium by the heat storage material when the material is higher in temperature than the medium flowing through the circulation path.

According to the boiler system, it is possible to provide a simple structure system that accumulates waste heat of a prime mover and utilizes accumulated waste heat.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the boiler portion includes a boiler body for storing a liquid medium, another pump for sending a liquid medium from the boiler body and circulating the liquid medium through the other circulation path to the boiler body, And an exhaust heat exchanger that heats the medium flowing through the other circulation path with exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust path of the prime mover as a heat source.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the boiler portion includes a boiler body storing a liquid medium and passing through the exhaust passage, and the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage heats the medium in the boiler body.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the boiler system is arranged on a piping for guiding the medium from the heat storage portion to the boiler portion in the circulation path, and uses compressed air, which is a pressurized intake air supplied to the prime mover, And a compressed air heat exchanger for heating the compressed air heat exchanger.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the boiler system further comprises a temperature difference obtaining section for obtaining a temperature difference obtained by subtracting the temperature of the heat storage material in the heat storage section from the temperature of the medium in the boiler section; And a flow control unit for controlling a flow rate of the medium that is guided from the heat storage unit to the boiler unit, and the flow rate is reduced by the flow rate control unit as the temperature difference increases.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the boiler system further includes a recovery device which is arranged on a piping for guiding the medium from the heat storage part to the boiler part in the circulation path and recovers energy from the medium sent out from the heat storage part An ORC heat exchanger for heating and vaporizing a working fluid as an organic medium using a medium flowing through the circulation path as a heat source; an expander for expanding a working fluid vaporized in the ORC heat exchanger to recover mechanical energy; A condenser for condensing and liquefying the working fluid expanded in the inflator, and an ORC pump for sending the working fluid liquefied in the condenser to the ORC heat exchanger.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium is a boiler water, and in the boiler portion, steam of the boiler water is generated.

More preferably, the boiler system further includes a vapor compression section for compressing the vapor of the boiler water discharged from the boiler section to the outside.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the prime mover is the main engine of the ship, and the boiler portion is an auxiliary boiler of the ship.

The above and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

1 is a view showing a configuration of a boiler system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view showing an example of flow rate control of the boiler water.
3 is a view showing a configuration of a boiler system.
4 is a view showing a configuration of a boiler system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a view showing a configuration of a boiler system.
6 is a view showing a configuration of a boiler system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a view showing a configuration of a boiler system.
8 is a view showing a configuration of a boiler system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a view showing a configuration of a boiler system.

1 is a view showing a configuration of a boiler system 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The boiler system 1 is used, for example, as an auxiliary boiler system of a relatively large vessel. In Fig. 1, a supercharger-equipped prime mover (supercharger-equipped prime mover) (2) used as a main engine of a ship is also shown. In the boiler system 1, the boiler water as a medium is heated by using the waste heat of the prime mover-equipped prime mover 2. Steam generated from the heated boiler water is used as a heating source for fuel oil, lubricating oil, domestic water, etc. in the ship.

The supercharger-equipped prime mover 2 is provided with a marine prime mover 3 (hereinafter simply referred to as a "prime mover 3") which is an internal combustion engine and a supercharger 4 which is a turbocharger. The prime mover (3) is an example two-cycle as the ship's main engines, diesel engines (two-cycle diesel engine). The turbocharger 4 has a turbine 41 and a compressor 42 that is mechanically connected to the turbine 41. The prime mover 3 and the turbocharger 4 are connected by a scavenging passage 31 and an exhaust passage 32. The exhaust path 32 leads the exhaust from the prime mover 3 to the turbine 41.

The turbine 41 is rotated by the exhaust supplied from the prime mover 3 through the exhaust passage 32. The exhaust used for rotating the turbine 41 is discharged to the outside of the prime mover-equipped prime mover 2 through the exhaust path 32. The compressor 42 is driven by the turbine 41 to rotate the turbine 41 by the rotation of the turbine 41 from the outside of the prime mover prime mover 2 to the intake path, (Air) guided to the turbocharger 4 through the compression mechanism 43 and compresses the compressed air. (Hereinafter referred to as " scavenging "), which is an intake air pressurized by the compressor 42, is cooled by a compressed air heat exchanger 56 (described later) provided on the scavenging passage 31 And then supplied to the prime mover 3. As described above, in the turbocharger 4, exhaust is used to pressurize the intake air to generate scavenging. The scavenging passage 31 is a passage for guiding the pressurized intake air from the supercharger 4 to the prime mover 3, that is, a pressurized air intake passage. The boiler system 1 further includes a scavenging chiller (scavenging chiller) 56 disposed further downstream than the compressed air heat exchanger 56 of the scavenging line 31 and further cooling the scavenging air discharged from the compressed air heat exchanger 56 May be provided (the same applies to other embodiments).

The boiler system (1) has a boiler device (5). The boiler apparatus 5 includes a boiler section 50, a pump 55, a heat storage section 59, a changeover section 572, a compressed air heat exchanger A first measurement section 581 and a second measurement section 582. The flow rate control section 571 is provided with a flow rate control section (flow rate control section) 1, the "heat storage mode (heat storage mode)" in which heat storage by the heat storage unit 59 is performed will be described. The boiler section 50 is provided with a boiler body 51, another pump 53 and an exhaust heat exchanger 54. In the following description, the first pump 53 and the second pump 55 are referred to as pumps 53 and 55, respectively.

The boiler body 51 is disposed at a position deviated from the chimney of the ship (so-called funnel), and stores a liquid medium (that is, liquid boiler water). The first measuring unit 581 is installed in the boiler body 51. The temperature of the boiler water in the boiler body 51 is measured by the first measuring unit 581. The boiler body 51 is also provided with a burner and a water supply portion (not shown). The burner heats the boiler water in the boiler body 51 if necessary. The water supply unit supplies the boiler water to the boiler body 51 when necessary, for example, when the number of boilers in the boiler body 51 is reduced.

The boiler main body 51, the second pump 55, the heat accumulating portion 59, the transfer portion 572, the compressed air heat exchanger 56 and the flow rate control portion 571 are connected to a circulation path 522 in this order. In the boiler section 50, the boiler body 51, the first pump 53 and the exhaust heat exchanger 54 are connected in this order by the other circulation path 521 through which the boiler water circulates. In the following description, the first circulating path 521 and the second circulating path 522 are referred to as circulating paths 521 and 522, respectively. The first circulation path 521 and the second circulation path 522 form a common flow path between the boiler body 51 and the branching section (branching section) 52a and branch at the branching section 52a. The first circulation path 521 and the second circulation path 522 may be connected to the boiler body 51 individually.

In the boiler section 50, the first pump 53 is driven so that the liquid boiler water is sent out from the boiler body 51 to the first circulation path 521. The boiler water discharged from the boiler body 51 passes through the first pump 53 through the first circulation path 521 and passes through the exhaust heat exchanger 54 as indicated by arrows in FIG. And circulates to the main body 51.

The exhaust heat exchanger 54 is disposed in the chimney of the ship and is disposed on the exhaust passage 32 of the supercharger-equipped prime mover 2 on the downstream side of the turbine 41. In the exhaust heat exchanger 54, the number of liquid boilers flowing through the first circulation path 521 is exhausted from the turbine 41 that flows through the exhaust path 32 (that is, the amount of exhaust gas from the prime mover 3 after passing through the turbine 41) Exhaust) as a heat source. In other words, in the exhaust heat exchanger (54), the boiler water is heated using the waste heat of the prime mover (2) with supercharger included in the exhaust as a heat source. The temperature of the exhaust passing through the exhaust heat exchanger 54 is changed by the output of the prime mover 3, the ambient temperature, or the like. The exhaust temperature when the output of the prime mover 3 is the maximum output (100% output) is, for example, about 230 DEG C (degrees Celsius). In the exhaust heat exchanger (54), a part of the boiler water flowing into the exhaust heat exchanger (54) is vaporized (evaporated). A mixed fluid of a gaseous boiler water and a liquid boiler water is sent from the exhaust heat exchanger 54 to the boiler body 51.

That is, the boiler section 50 is a device that stores the liquid boiler water and uses the exhaust flowing through the exhaust passage 32 of the prime mover 3 as a heat source to heat the boiler water to generate steam of the boiler water (so- An economizer (exhaust gas economizer), and is used as an auxiliary boiler for the ship. Temperature and pressure of the boiler in the boiler in the main body 51, for example from about 135 ℃, about 0.25MPa (megapascals) to about 165 ℃, about 0.6MPa. The steam of the boiler water in the boiler body 51 is supplied to the steam system (not shown in the figure) through the steam pipe 524 connected to the upper portion (upper portion) of the boiler body 51.

In the boiler system 1, a branch pipe (branch pipe) 526 branched from the steam pipe 524 and joined to the steam pipe 524 is provided between the boiler body 51 and the steam system. On the branch piping 526, a vapor compression section (hereinafter simply referred to as " compression section 511 ") for compressing the steam of the boiler water discharged from the boiler section 50 to the outside steam system is installed do. A valve is installed on the steam pipe 524 and the branch pipe 526. The supply path of the steam supplied from the boiler body 51 to the steam system in the ship is switched between a path passing through the compression section 511 and a path not passing through the compression section 511 Lt; / RTI > In the heat storage mode, the compression section 511 is not used, and the steam delivered from the boiler body 51 is supplied to the in-ship vapor system without passing through the compression section 511. [

In the boiler apparatus 5, the second pump 55 is driven so that the liquid boiler water is sent out from the boiler body 51 to the second circulation path 522. The boiler water sent out from the boiler body 51 flows through the second pump 55, the heat accumulating portion 59, the transfer portion 572, the compressed air Passes through the heat exchanger (56) and the flow rate control section (571) in this order, and circulates to the boiler body (51).

The heat storage portion 59 includes a heat storage material (heat storage material). In the heat accumulating portion 59, heat is exchanged between the heat accumulating material and the number of boilers flowing through the second circulation path 522. For example, when the output of the prime mover 3 is equal to or higher than the commercial output (CSO: Continuous Service Output), the temperature of the boiler water discharged from the boiler body 51 is relatively high, 59 is lower than the temperature of the boiler water flowing through the second circulation path 522. When the heat storage material is lower in temperature than the boiler water flowing through the second circulation path 522 in the heat storage portion 59, the heat storage material is heated by the boiler water and heat is accumulated in the heat storage portion 59. The temperature of the heat storage material in the heat storage portion 59 is measured by the second measurement portion 582.

In the heat accumulating portion (59), the boiler water is cooled by the heat accumulating material. The boiler water sent out from the heat storage unit 59 is led to the change-over unit 572. The change-over portion 572 is, for example, a three-way valve provided on the second circulation path 522. The boiler water that has passed through the switching portion 572 is led to the compressed air heat exchanger 56 by the second circulation path 522. 1 is branched from the second circulation path 522 and branched from the compressed air heat exchanger 56 and the flow rate control section 571 52c in the second circulation path 522. In the heat storage mode, the branch pipe 525 is not used. A " heat supply mode " using the branch pipe 525 will be described later. The temperature of the boiler water from the change-over portion 572 to the compressed air heat exchanger 56 is, for example, about 100 to 130 占 폚.

The compressed air heat exchanger 56 is disposed on the second circulation path 522 on the pipe for guiding the boiler water from the heat storage 59 to the boiler body 51 of the boiler 50. Specifically, the compressed air heat exchanger 56 is disposed between the heat storage unit 59 and the flow rate control unit 571 on the second circulation path 522. The compressed air heat exchanger 56 is also disposed on the scavenging line 31 between the compressor 42 and the prime mover 3. In the compressed air heat exchanger 56, the boiler water in the liquid phase flowing through the second circulation path 522 is heated using the scum in the scavenging line 31 supplied from the compressor 42 to the prime mover 3 as a heat source. In other words, in the compressed air heat exchanger (56), the boiler water is heated by using the waste heat of the prime mover (2) with a supercharger included in the boiler as a heat source.

From the compressed air heat exchanger (56), a mixed fluid of liquid-phase boiler water or gaseous boiler water and liquid-phase boiler water is sent out. The heated boiler water in the compressed air heat exchanger (56) is returned to the boiler body (51) through the flow rate controller (571). The desired temperature passing through the compressed air heat exchanger 56 is changed by the output of the prime mover 3, the ambient temperature, and the like. When the output of the prime mover 3 is the maximum output (100% output), the scavenging temperature is, for example, about 220 캜. When the output of the prime mover 3 drops, the desired temperature also decreases. The temperature of the boiler water sent out from the compressed air heat exchanger 56 is changed by the temperature of the boiler water flowing into the compressed air heat exchanger 56 and the temperature of the air passing through the compressed air heat exchanger 56. The temperature of the boiler water flowing from the compressed air heat exchanger 56 to the flow rate controller 571 is, for example, about 135 to 165 占 폚.

The flow rate control section 571 is, for example, a three-way valve provided on the second circulation path 522. The branch pipe 523 shown by the broken line in Fig. 1 is branched from the second circulation path 522 in the flow rate control section 571 so that in the merging section 52b between the boiler body 51 and the second pump 55 And joins the second circulation path 522.

In the boiler unit 5, the temperature of the boiler water in the boiler body 51 is measured by the first measuring unit 581 and the temperature of the boiler water in the boiler body 51 is measured by the second measuring unit 582, The temperature of the ash is measured. The respective measurement values of the first measurement section 581 and the second measurement section 582 are sent to a temperature difference acquisition section (temperature difference acquisition section) 573 connected to the flow rate control section 571. The temperature difference acquisition unit 573 acquires the temperature difference from the temperature of the boiler water in the boiler body 51 of the boiler unit 50 based on the measured values from the first measurement unit 581 and the second measurement unit 582, The temperature difference obtained by subtracting the temperature of the heat storage material in the portion 59 is obtained. The flow rate control unit 571 controls the flow rate of the boiler water that is led from the heat storage unit 59 to the boiler body 51 of the boiler unit 50 through the compressed air heat exchanger 56 based on the temperature difference .

2 is a view showing an example of the flow rate control of the boiler water by the flow rate control section 571. As shown in Fig. The horizontal axis in Fig. 2 represents the temperature difference? T of the heat storage material and the number of boilers obtained by the temperature difference acquisition section 573. 2 shows the ratio of the number of boilers returned from the compressed air heat exchanger 56 to the flow control unit 571 through the flow control unit 571 and returned to the boiler body 51 Ratio (reflux ratio) "). In other words, the reflux ratio is a ratio of the flow rate of the boiler water from the regenerator 59 to the pressurized air heat exchanger 56 and / or the heat exchanger 56, from the regenerator 59 to the flow rate controller 571 through the compressed air heat exchanger 56, Is the ratio of the flow rate of the boiler water led to the boiler body 51 through the flow controller 571.

The entire amount of the boiler water led from the compressed air heat exchanger 56 to the flow rate control section 571 passes through the flow rate control section 571 and is returned to the boiler body 51 when the reflux ratio is 100% . On the other hand, when the reflux ratio is less than 100%, the boiler number of the flow rate multiplied by the ratio of the value of the vertical axis to the flow rate of the boiler water sent out from the compressed air heat exchanger 56, And is returned to the boiler body 51. The remaining number of boilers is led to the branch pipe 523 from the flow control unit 571 and merged with the boiler water sent out from the boiler body 51 at the merging unit 52b and then passed through the second circulation path 522 2 < / RTI >

2, the reflux ratio is 100% and the entire amount of the boiler water from the compressed air heat exchanger 56 is returned to the boiler body 51 when the temperature difference t is equal to or larger than 0 and equal to or smaller than t1. Accordingly, the waste heat recovered in the compressed air heat exchanger (56) can be efficiently used for heating (or maintaining the temperature of) the boiler water in the boiler body (51).

On the other hand, when the temperature difference? T is larger than t1, the reflux ratio is less than 100%, a part of the boiler water from the compressed air heat exchanger 56 is returned to the boiler body 51, 51, and is returned to the second pump 55 through the branch piping 523. When the temperature difference? T is larger than t1 and smaller than t2, the reflux ratio is gradually reduced as compared with the control by the flow controller 571 as the temperature difference? T becomes larger. In other words, as the temperature difference? T becomes larger, the flow rate of the boiler water led to the boiler body 51 from the heat storage unit 59 gradually decreases under the control of the flow control unit 571. When the temperature difference? T is equal to or greater than t2, the reflux ratio is constant at a predetermined ratio of greater than 0% and less than 100%.

As described above, in the heat accumulating section 59, the temperature of the boiler water is lowered when the heat accumulating material is heated by the boiler water. When the temperature difference? T obtained by subtracting the temperature of the heat storage material from the temperature of the boiler water becomes large, the temperature of the boiler water in the heat storage portion 59 also decreases. Therefore, if the temperature difference? T is large and the entire amount of the boiler water whose temperature has decreased in the heat storage unit 59 is returned to the boiler body 51, the temperature of the boiler water in the boiler body 51 becomes the predetermined temperature And there is a possibility that the supply of steam from the boiler body 51 to the ship is adversely affected.

1 reduces the flow rate of the boiler water returning from the heat storage unit 59 to the boiler body 51 when the temperature difference t is large, It is possible to suppress or prevent the temperature of the boiler water from becoming lower than the predetermined temperature. As a result, the steam of the boiler of the desired temperature can be supplied to the steam system in the ship. As the temperature difference t increases, the flow rate of the boiler water returning from the heat accumulating portion 59 to the boiler body 51 is gradually reduced so that the temperature of the boiler water in the boiler body 51 becomes lower than the predetermined temperature Can be further suppressed or prevented. That is, the flow rate control section 571 is a temperature control section for controlling the temperature of the boiler water in the boiler body 51 of the boiler section 50.

In addition, in the boiler system 1, the temperature of the boiler water in a portion other than the boiler body 51 in the boiler portion 50 is measured by the first measuring portion 581, and the temperature of the heat storage material The flow rate of the boiler water may be controlled by the flow controller 571 similarly to the above based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the temperature. Even in this case, it is possible to suppress or prevent the temperature of the boiler water in the boiler body 51 from becoming lower than the predetermined temperature.

Fig. 3 is a view showing the construction of the boiler system 1 as in Fig. In Fig. 3, the temperature difference acquiring section 573 is omitted from the figure (the same applies also in Fig. 4 or 9). Hereinafter, a rapid heat mode in which heat is supplied from the heat storage unit 59 to the boiler unit 50 will be described with reference to FIG. The heat emission mode is performed, for example, when the steam is supplied from the boiler system 1 to the ship in the state where the prime mover 3 is stopped. When the prime mover 3 is stopped, since the boiler water can not be heated by the exhaust in the exhaust heat exchanger 54, the first pump 53 is stopped and the number of the boilers in the first circulation path 521 Is stopped. 3, the first circulation path 521 is indicated by a broken line.

When the heating of the boiler water by the exhaust is stopped, the temperature of the boiler water in the boiler body 51 is lowered. Therefore, the temperature of the boiler water flowing out from the boiler body 51 through the second pump 55 and flowing through the second circulation path 522 is lowered. The relatively low-temperature boiler water passes through the second pump 55 and is guided to the heat storage unit 59 to perform heat exchange between the boiler water and the heat storage material of the heat storage unit 59. The heat storage material is higher in temperature than the number of boilers flowing through the second circulation path 522 due to thermal energy accumulated by the heat storage mode. Therefore, in the heat accumulating portion 59, the boiler water is heated by the heat accumulating material and a part of the boiler water flowing into the heat accumulating portion 59 is vaporized. The mixed fluid of the gaseous boiler water and the liquid boiler water is sent out from the heat storage portion 59 to the transfer portion 572.

In the heat supply mode, the flow path is switched by the change-over unit 572 so that the entire amount of the boiler water flowing into the change-over unit 572 from the heat storage unit 59 is led to the branch pipe 525. The boiler water led to the branch piping 525 passes through the merging section 52c and is guided to the flow rate control section 571 by the second circulation path 522 so that the entire amount is returned to the boiler main body 51. Thus, in the heat supply mode, the boiler water discharged from the boiler body 51 is heated by the heat energy accumulated in the heat storage material in the heat storage portion 59 and returned to the boiler body 51. In other words, the heat energy accumulated in the heat storage portion 59 is supplied to the boiler portion 50. In addition, in the heat emission mode, since the boiler water does not flow in the second circulation path 522 from the changeover section 572 through the compressed air heat exchanger 56 to the merging section 52c, (The same also in Figs. 5, 7, and 9).

The steam in the boiler body 51 is supplied to the vapor system in the ship via the steam pipe 524 even in the heating mode. When the pressure of the steam of the boiler water discharged from the boiler body 51 is lower than a desired pressure, the valves on the steam pipe 524 and the branch pipe 526 are switched from the boiler body 51 The steam of the boiler water of the condenser 511 is introduced into the compression unit 511. The compression section 511 compresses the steam of the boiler water to a desired pressure, and then supplies it to the steam system.

As described above, in the boiler system 1 shown in Fig. 1, the boiler part 50 for storing the liquid boiler water and heating the boiler water using the waste heat included in the exhaust of the prime mover 3 as a heat source, A second pump 55 for sending out the liquid boiler water from the boiler section 50 to the boiler section 50 through the second circulation path 522 and a second pump 55 for circulating the boiler water flowing through the heat storage material and the second circulation path 522 A heat storage portion 59 for heat exchange is provided. When the heat accumulating material in the heat accumulating portion 59 is lower in temperature than the boiler water flowing in the second circulation path 522, the heat accumulating material is heated by the boiler water to accumulate heat by the heat accumulating material, The boiler water is heated by the heat storage material when the temperature of the boiler water is higher than the temperature of the boiler water.

The waste heat of the prime mover 3 is accumulated by adding the heat accumulating unit 59, the second pump 55 and the second circulation path 522 to the boiler unit 50 that supplies the steam to the in- And a boiler system (1) having a simple structure for heating the boiler water using the accumulated waste heat can be provided. The construction of such a boiler system 1 is particularly suitable for an auxiliary boiler system of a ship in which a reduction in fuel consumption is required and in which the arrangement space of the apparatus is limited.

The boiler system 1 is disposed on a piping for guiding the boiler water from the heat accumulating section 59 to the boiler section 50 in the second circulation path 522 and is connected to the prime mover 3 in the heat accumulation mode shown in Fig. And a compressed air heat exchanger (56) for heating the boiler water using the scum as a heat source. Accordingly, the waste heat supplied to the prime mover 3 can also be used for heating the boiler water in the heat storage mode. That is, in the boiler system 1, it is possible to efficiently heat the boiler water with a simple structure by using various kinds of waste heat related to the prime mover 3 in the heat storage mode, and thus it is possible to efficiently generate the steam of the boiler water. In addition, after the boiler water is cooled by the heat storage material in the heat storage portion 59, the compressed air is heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger 56 by scavenging, so that the desired waste heat can be efficiently recovered to the boiler water.

As described above, the boiler unit 50 includes a boiler body 51 disposed at a position deviated from the chimney of the ship, and a boiler body 51 that discharges the liquid boiler water from the boiler body 51 and through the first circulation path 521, And an exhaust heat exchanger 54 disposed on the exhaust passage 32 for heating the boiler water flowing through the first circulation path 521 in the heat storage mode. Accordingly, the structure provided on the exhaust path 32 (that is, the structure provided in the chimney) in the boiler system 1 can be downsized and simplified.

In the boiler system 1, a compression section 511 for compressing the steam of the boiler water discharged from the boiler section 50 to the outside is installed. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the pressure in the boiler water from being supplied to the steam system in the boiling state in the boiling mode. It is also possible to lower the pressure of the boiler water vapor in the boiler body 51 while supplying the boiler water vapor of the desired pressure to the steam system. Accordingly, vaporization of the boiler water in the boiler unit 5 can be promoted.

Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a boiler system 1a according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Like the boiler system 1 shown in Fig. 1, the boiler system 1a is used as an auxiliary boiler system of a relatively large ship, and uses the waste heat of the supercharger-equipped prime mover 2 to heat the boiler water as a medium. In the boiler system 1a shown in Fig. 4, a boiler portion 50a having a structure different from that of the boiler portion 50 is provided instead of the boiler portion 50 shown in Fig. Components other than the boiler system 1a are the same as the boiler system 1 shown in Fig. 1, and the same reference numerals are assigned to the corresponding components in the following description.

The boiler section 50a shown in Fig. 4 has a boiler body 51 for storing the liquid boiler water. The boiler body 51 is installed on the exhaust passage 32 of the prime mover 3 in the chimney of the ship and the exhaust passage 32 passes through the boiler body 51. In other words, the boiler part 50a is a so-called " composite boiler " installed in the chimney of the ship. The boiler portion 50a is a boiler of a related type (smoke tube type) or a water tube type (water tube type), and in FIG. 4, the boiler portion 50a of an associated type is installed. In the boiler section 50a, the exhaust passage 32 is branched into a plurality of tubular pipes 321, and the plurality of tubular pipes 321 pass through from the bottom of the boiler body 51 upward. The plurality of tubules 321 directly contact the liquid-phase boiler water stored in the boiler body 51. In the boiler portion 50a, the boiler water in the boiler body 51 is heated by the exhaust of the prime mover 3 flowing through the plurality of tubular pipes 321 of the exhaust passage 32, thereby generating steam of the boiler water.

In the boiler system 1a, as in the boiler system 1 shown in FIG. 1, the boiler water sent out from the boiler body 51 in the heat storage mode is guided to the heat storage unit 59 through the second circulation path 522, The refrigerant is heated by the compressed air heat exchanger 56 and returned to the boiler body 51 after the heat storage material of the heat storage 59 is heated (that is, after heat storage by the heat storage 59 is performed). 5, the boiler water sent out from the boiler body 51 is guided to the heat accumulating portion 59 through the second circulation path 522 to be supplied to the heat accumulating material of the heat accumulating portion 59 And then returned to the boiler body 51 of the boiler portion 50a.

The boiler section 50a for supplying the steam to the in-line steam system is provided with the heat storage section 59, the second pump 55 and the second circulation passage 522 in the same manner as the boiler system 1 shown in Fig. It is possible to provide a boiler system 1a having a simple structure for accumulating the waste heat of the prime mover 3 and heating the boiler water using the accumulated waste heat. In addition, in the boiler system 1a, the boiler body 51 is arranged at a position where the exhaust passage 32 passes through (that is, inside the chimney of the ship) in the boiler portion 50a, . Thus, the boiler system 1a can be miniaturized.

Fig. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of the boiler system 1b according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the boiler system 1b, in addition to the structure of the boiler system 1 shown in Fig. 1, a collecting device 6 is installed. Components other than the boiler system 1b are the same as the boiler system 1 shown in Fig. 1, and the same reference numerals are assigned to the corresponding components in the following description.

6, the recovery device 6 is disposed on a pipe for guiding the boiler water from the heat storage portion 59 to the boiler portion 50 on the second circulation passage 522 of the boiler device 5 do. The recovery device 6 is a device for recovering energy from the boiler water sent from the heat storage part 59 to the second circulation path 522. [ The recovering device 6 is a device for recovering organic urine from an organic ranin cycle (for example, an organic medium such as an alternative freon R245fa), such as a working fluid having a boiling point lower than that of water ORC: Organic Rankine Cycle). The recovery device 6 includes an ORC circulation path 61, an ORC heat exchanger 62, an expander 63, a condenser 64 and an ORC pump 65 . The ORC heat exchanger 62, the inflator 63, the condenser 64 and the ORC pump 65 are connected in this order by the ORC circulation path 61 through which the working fluid circulates.

In the recovery device 6, the working fluid is pressurized by the ORC pump 65 and sent out to the ORC heat exchanger 62. The ORC heat exchanger 62 is disposed on the second circulation path 522 on the pipe leading the boiler water from the heat storage unit 59 to the boiler unit 50. Concretely, the ORC heat exchanger 62 is disposed on the piping from which the boiler water is led from the heat storage unit 59 to the compressed air heat exchanger 56 in the second circulation path 522. In the ORC heat exchanger (62), the working fluid sent out from the ORC pump (65) is heated by using the boiler water flowing through the second circulation path (522) as a heat source to vaporize. Further, the number of boilers flowing through the second circulation path 522 is cooled by the working fluid of the recovery device 6 in the ORC heat exchanger 62, and the temperature of the boiler water is lowered.

The working fluid heated and vaporized by the ORC heat exchanger (62) is led to the expander (63) through the ORC circulation path (61). The expander (63) expands the working fluid in the gasified vapor in the ORC heat exchanger (62) to recover mechanical energy. As the inflator 63, for example, a turbine rotating by a working fluid is used. The shaft of the turbine is connected to the generator 8 so that the turbine is driven by the working fluid conveyed from the ORC heat exchanger 62 to generate electricity in the generator 8.

The working fluid in the gas phase which has passed through the expander (63) is led to the condenser (64). The condenser 64 condenses and liquefies the working fluid expanded in the inflator 63. [ The working fluid liquefied in the condenser 64 is pressurized by the ORC pump 65 as described above and sent out to the ORC heat exchanger 62.

In the boiler system 1b, as in the boiler system 1 shown in Fig. 1, the number of boilers sent out from the boiler body 51 in the heat storage mode is guided to the heat storage unit 59 through the second circulation path 522, (That is, heat storage by the heat storage unit 59 is performed). The boiler water sent from the heat storage unit 59 passes through the ORC heat exchanger 62 of the recovery device 6 and is heated by the compressed air heat exchanger 56 and returned to the boiler body 51. 7, the boiler water sent out from the boiler body 51 is guided to the heat accumulating portion 59 through the second circulation path 522 to be supplied to the heat accumulating material of the heat accumulating portion 59 And returned to the boiler body 51 of the boiler part 50 after heating.

1, the heat storage unit 59, the second pump 55, and the second circulation path 522 are connected to the boiler unit 50 for supplying the steam to the in- It is possible to provide a boiler system 1b of a simple structure for accumulating the waste heat of the prime mover 3 and heating the boiler water by using the accumulated waste heat.

In the boiler system 1b, by the recovery device 6 including the ORC heat exchanger 62, the inflator 63, the condenser 64 and the ORC pump 65 in the heat storage mode shown in Fig. 6, The mechanical energy can be recovered from the boiler water sent out from the boiler 59. The waste heat of the prime mover 3 recovered by the boiler water can be efficiently utilized. After the boiler water circulating in the second circulation path 522 is cooled in the ORC heat exchanger 62 of the recovery device 6 and then heated in the compressed air heat exchanger 56 by scavenging, Can be recovered efficiently.

8 is a view showing a configuration of a boiler system 1c according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the boiler system 1c, a collecting device 6a having a partially different structure from the collecting device 6 is provided instead of the collecting device 6 shown in Fig. Components other than the boiler system 1c are the same as the boiler system 1b shown in Fig. 6, and the same reference numerals are given to the corresponding components in the following description.

In the recovery device 6a, an inflator 63a, which is a two-stage turbine, is installed instead of the inflator 63 shown in Fig. The inflator 63a comprises a first inflator 631 which is a high pressure turbine and a second inflator 632 which is a low pressure turbine. The recovery device 6a further includes another ORC heat exchanger 62a and another ORC pump 65a in addition to the respective components of the recovery device 6 shown in Fig. In the following description, the first ORC heat exchanger 62 and the second ORC heat exchanger 62a are respectively referred to as ORC heat exchangers 62 and 62a. The first ORC pump 65 and the second ORC pump 65a are also referred to as ORC pumps 65 and 65a, respectively.

The second ORC pump 65a is disposed on the piping between the first ORC pump 65 and the first ORC heat exchanger 62 in the ORC circulation path 61. A branching section 61a is provided between the first ORC pump 65 and the second ORC pump 65a in the ORC circulation path 61 and branched from the ORC circulation path 61 in the branching section 61a Flow path) 611 is branched. A second ORC heat exchanger 62a is disposed on the branch flow path 611 from the branching section 61a to the inflator 63a. The second ORC heat exchanger 62a is disposed on the second circulation path 522 of the boiler apparatus 5 between the first ORC heat exchanger 62 and the compressed air heat exchanger 56.

In the recovery device 6a, the working fluid from the condenser 64 is pressurized by the first ORC pump 65 and sent to the branching section 61a. A part of the working fluid sent out from the condenser 64 is branched from the branching section 61a to the branching flow path 611 and is led to the second ORC heat exchanger 62a. The remaining portion of the working fluid also branches from the branching section 61a to the ORC circulation path 61 and is further pressurized by the second ORC pump 65a to be led to the first ORC heat exchanger 62. [ The second ORC pump 65a is a pressure regulator for increasing the pressure of the working fluid introduced into the first ORC heat exchanger 62 to be higher than the pressure of the working fluid guided to the second ORC heat exchanger 62a.

In the first ORC heat exchanger 62, the working fluid sent out from the second ORC pump 65a is circulated through the second circulation path 522 by the boiler water flowing out of the storage section 59 in the heat storage mode and flowing through the second circulation path 522, And evaporates. The working fluid vaporized by the first ORC heat exchanger 62 is led to the inflator 63a and supplied to the first inflator 631. On the other hand, the number of boilers flowing through the second circulation path 522 is cooled by the working fluid of the recovery device 6a in the first ORC heat exchanger 62. The number of boilers discharged from the first ORC heat exchanger (62) is led to the second ORC heat exchanger (62a).

In the second ORC heat exchanger 62a, the number of boilers fed from the first ORC heat exchanger 62 (that is, the number of boilers fed from the first ORC heat exchanger 62 to the compressed air heat exchanger 56) And the working fluid sent out from the first ORC pump 65 is heated and vaporized. As described above, since the pressure of the working fluid guided to the second ORC heat exchanger 62a is lower than the pressure of the working fluid guided to the first ORC heat exchanger 62, the pressure in the second ORC heat exchanger 62a The evaporation temperature of the working fluid is lower than the evaporation temperature of the working fluid in the first ORC heat exchanger (62). The working fluid vaporized by the second ORC heat exchanger 62a is directed to the inflator 63a and supplied to the second inflator 632. [

On the other hand, the number of boilers is cooled by the working fluid of the recovery device 6a in the second ORC heat exchanger 62a. The boiler water sent out from the second ORC heat exchanger 62a is led to the compressed air heat exchanger 56 and heated to the boiler body 51 after being heated by the scavenging of the prime mover 3 as a heat source.

The working fluid vaporized in the first ORC heat exchanger 62 is expanded in the first inflator 631 in the inflator 63a of the recovery device 6a and the working fluid after the expansion and the second ORC heat exchanger 62a Flows in the second inflator 632 and expands. In the inflator 63a, the generator 8 is powered by the mechanical energy recovered by the expansion of the working fluid.

In the boiler system 1c, as in the boiler system 1b shown in Fig. 6, the boiler water sent out from the boiler body 51 in the heat accumulation mode is guided to the accumulator 59 via the second circulation path 522, (That is, heat storage by the heat storage unit 59 is performed). The boiler water sent out from the heat storage unit 59 passes through the first ORC heat exchanger 62 and the second ORC heat exchanger 62a of the recovery device 6a and is heated by the compressed air heat exchanger 56 And returns to the boiler body 51 of the boiler section 50. 9, the boiler water sent out from the boiler body 51 is guided to the heat accumulating portion 59 through the second circulation path 522 to be supplied to the heat accumulating material of the heat accumulating portion 59 And returned to the boiler body 51 of the boiler part 50 after heating.

The boiler section 50 for supplying steam to the in-line steam system is provided with the heat accumulating section 59, the second pump 55 and the second circulation passage 522 in the same manner as the boiler system 1b shown in Fig. It is possible to provide a boiler system 1c of simple structure for accumulating the waste heat of the prime mover 3 and heating the boiler water by using the accumulated waste heat.

In the boiler system 1c, by increasing the evaporation temperature and pressure of the working fluid in the first ORC heat exchanger 62 of the recovery device 6a in the heat storage mode shown in Fig. 8, It is possible to increase the heat drop (heat drop) and improve the energy recovery efficiency by the expander 63a. Further, by lowering the evaporation temperature of the working fluid in the second ORC heat exchanger 62a to be lower than the evaporation temperature of the working fluid in the first ORC heat exchanger 62, the temperature in the first ORC heat exchanger 62 The heat can be efficiently recovered from the reduced number of boilers. In the boiler apparatus 5, the boiler water cooled in the first ORC heat exchanger 62 is further cooled in the second ORC heat exchanger 62a, so that the desired temperature in the compressed air heat exchanger 56 and the boiler water temperature It is possible to further increase the difference between the temperature and the temperature. As a result, the recovery efficiency of the waste heat in the compressed air heat exchanger (56) can be improved.

Various modifications are possible in the boiler systems 1, 1a to 1c.

The flow control unit 571 is not limited to the three-way valve, and the circulation pump may be used as the flow control unit 571, for example. Or an inverter pump capable of controlling the flow rate is used as the second pump 55 so that the flow rate of the boiler water flowing back to the boiler body 51 through the second circulation path 522 based on the temperature difference? The flow rate may be controlled. In this case, the flow rate control portion of the inverter pump is the flow rate controller 571.

The expanders 63 and 63a are not limited to the turbine but may be, for example, a screw expander. In the boiler system 1c shown in Fig. 8, instead of the second ORC pump 65a, a pressure reducing valve may be provided as a pressure regulating portion on the branch flow channel 611.

In the boiler section 50 of the boiler systems 1, 1b and 1c, the heat source for heating the boiler water flowing through the first circulation path 521 is not necessarily limited to the exhaust from the prime mover 3, It is good. For example, the boiler water flowing through the first circulation path 521 may be heated using a scavenge flowing through the scavenge furnace 31 in a heat exchanger disposed on the scavenge furnace 31 as a heat source. In the boiler systems 1b and 1c, the boiler portion 50a shown in Fig. 4 may be provided in place of the boiler portion 50. Fig.

In the boiler systems (1, 1a to 1c), the compressed air heat exchanger (56) and the transfer portion (572) may be omitted. In this case, the number of boilers sent out from the heat storage unit 59 in both the heat storage mode and the heat supply mode is directly led to the flow rate control unit 571. [ Accordingly, the structure of the boiler system (1, 1a to 1c) can be simplified.

In the boiler systems 1, 1a to 1c, various media such as thermal oil may be used instead of the boiler water. In the boiler apparatus 5, when vapor is used as the medium in the boiler unit 5 of the boiler system 1, 1a to 1c, the vapor of the medium is not generated, The liquid oil is used as a heating source for fuel oil, lubricating oil, and domestic water in ships.

The prime mover 3 may be , for example, a four-cycle diesel engine. In this case, the compressed air that is the intake air pressurized by the compressor 42 is called " supply air, " and the scavenging path 31 is called an air supply path. The prime mover 3 may be an internal combustion engine other than a diesel engine, or may be a prime mover other than an internal combustion engine. The prime mover (3) may be used for various purposes other than the main engine of the ship, and the boiler system (1, 1a-1c) may be used for other purposes than the auxiliary boiler system of the ship.

The configurations of the above-described embodiment and modified examples may be appropriately combined as long as they do not contradict each other.

While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail, the foregoing description is illustrative and not restrictive. Therefore, many modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.

1, 1a-1c; Boiler system
3; Prime mover
6, 6a; Recovery device
32; Exhaust path
50, 50a; Boiler section
51; Boiler body
53; The first pump
54; Exhaust heat exchanger
55; The second pump
56; Compressed air heat exchanger
59; The heat-
62; (First) ORC heat exchanger
62a; The second ORC heat exchanger
63, 63a; Expander
64; Condenser
65; (1st) ORC pump
65a; The second ORC pump
511; Compression section
521; The first circulation path
522; The second circulation path
571; The flow-
573; The temperature-

Claims (9)

As a boiler system,
A boiler section for storing a liquid medium and heating the medium using waste heat from a prime mover as a heat source;
A pump for sending a liquid medium from the boiler section and circulating the liquid medium through the circulation path to the boiler section,
The heat storage material is heat-exchanged between the heat storage material and the medium flowing in the circulation path. When the heat storage material is cooler than the medium flowing through the circulation path, heat storage (heat storage) is performed by the heat storage material (Heat storage portion) for heating (heating) the medium by the heat storage material when the heat storage material is higher in temperature than the medium flowing through the circulation path
Wherein the boiler system is a boiler system.
The method according to claim 1,
The boiler part,
A boiler body for storing a liquid medium,
Another pump for sending a liquid medium from the boiler body and circulating the liquid medium through the other circulation path to the boiler body,
An exhaust heat exchanger that heats the medium flowing through the other circulation path using exhaust gas flowing through an exhaust path of the prime mover as a heat source
Wherein the boiler system is a boiler system.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the boiler portion has a boiler body storing a liquid medium and passing through the exhaust passage,
And the medium in the boiler body is heated by the exhaust flowing through the exhaust passage.
The method according to claim 1,
The medium is heated by using compressed air, which is a pressurized intake air supplied to the prime mover, as a heat source, on a pipe for guiding the medium from the heat storage portion to the boiler portion in the circulation path, Further comprising: a compressed air heat exchanger for compressing the compressed air.
The method according to claim 1,
A temperature difference obtaining section (temperature difference obtaining section) for obtaining a temperature difference obtained by subtracting (subtracting) the temperature of the heat storage material in the heat storage section from the temperature of the medium in the boiler section;
And a flow rate control unit (flow rate control unit) for controlling the flow rate of the medium that is guided from the heat storage unit to the boiler unit based on the temperature difference
Further,
And the flow rate control unit reduces the flow rate as the temperature difference increases.
The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a recovery device disposed on a pipe for guiding the medium from the heat storage part to the boiler part in the circulation path and for recovering energy from the medium sent out from the heat storage part,
Wherein,
An ORC heat exchanger that heats and vaporizes a working fluid that is an organic medium using a medium flowing through the circulation path as a heat source;
An expander (expander) for expanding the working fluid vaporized in the ORC heat exchanger to recover mechanical energy,
A condenser (condenser) for condensing and liquefying the working fluid expanded in the inflator,
An ORC pump for sending the liquefied working fluid from the condenser to the ORC heat exchanger
Wherein the boiler system is a boiler system.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Wherein the medium is a boiler water,
Wherein in the boiler portion, steam of the boiler water is generated.
8. The method of claim 7,
Further comprising a steam compression section for compressing the steam of the boiler water discharged to the outside from the boiler section.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Wherein the prime mover is a main engine of a ship,
Wherein the boiler is an auxiliary boiler of the ship.

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