KR20140047000A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine Download PDF

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KR20140047000A
KR20140047000A KR1020130120466A KR20130120466A KR20140047000A KR 20140047000 A KR20140047000 A KR 20140047000A KR 1020130120466 A KR1020130120466 A KR 1020130120466A KR 20130120466 A KR20130120466 A KR 20130120466A KR 20140047000 A KR20140047000 A KR 20140047000A
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South Korea
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exhaust gas
catalytic converter
scr catalytic
combustion engine
internal combustion
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KR1020130120466A
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Korean (ko)
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KR102052755B1 (en
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페트라 슈테페
클라우스 슈트로블
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만 디젤 앤 터보 에스이
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using kinetic energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/013—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust with exhaust-driven pumps arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2340/00—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses
    • F01N2340/06—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses characterised by the arrangement of the exhaust apparatus relative to the turbine of a turbocharger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/01—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being catalytic material in liquid form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine, and more particularly, to a marine diesel internal combustion engine operated by heavy oil. The internal combustion engine includes an exhaust gas turbocharging device and an exhaust gas purifier, wherein the turbocharging device includes at least one exhaust gas turbocharger (11), and the purifier includes an SCR catalyst converter (14). The SCR catalyst converter (14) includes at least two SCR catalyst converter ends (15, 16). A first SCR catalyst end (15) is installed in an upstream side of a turbine (12) of the turbocharger (11) when seen in the flow direction of exhaust gas. A second SCR catalyst converter end (16) is disposed in a downstream side of the turbine (12) of the turbocharger (11) when seen in the flow direction of the exhaust gas.

Description

내연기관{INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE}Internal combustion engine {INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE}

본 발명은 청구범위 제 1 항의 전제부에 따른 내연기관에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

DE 10 2004 027 593 A1호에 배기가스 터보 과급 장치 및 배기가스 정화 장치를 포함하는 내연기관이 공지되어 있다. 배기가스 터보 과급 장치는 선행기술에 따라 하나의 배기가스 터보 과급기 또는 2개의 배기가스 터보 과급기를 포함하는 1단 또는 2단 배기가스 터보 과급 장치로서 구현된다. 배기가스 정화 장치는 SCR 촉매 컨버터를 포함하고, 상기 촉매 컨버터는 1단 배기가스 터보 과급 장치의 경우에는 배기가스의 유동 방향으로 볼 때, 배기가스 터보 과급기의 터빈의 하류측에 배치되거나 또는 배기가스 터보 과급기의 터빈의 상류측에 배치된다. 고압 배기가스 터보 과급기와 저압 배기가스 터보 과급기를 포함하는 2단 배기가스 터보 과급 장치의 경우에 SCR 촉매 컨버터는 고압 배기가스 터보 과급기의 고압 터빈과 저압 배기가스 터보 과급기의 저압 터빈 사이에 배치된다. In DE 10 2004 027 593 A1 an internal combustion engine is known which comprises an exhaust gas turbocharger and an exhaust gas purification device. The exhaust gas turbocharger is implemented as a one-stage or two-stage exhaust gas turbocharger comprising one exhaust gas turbocharger or two exhaust gas turbochargers according to the prior art. The exhaust gas purification device comprises an SCR catalytic converter, which is arranged downstream of the turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger in the case of a single stage exhaust gas turbocharger in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, or exhaust gas. It is arranged upstream of the turbine of the turbocharger. In the case of a two stage exhaust turbocharger comprising a high pressure exhaust turbocharger and a low pressure exhaust turbocharger, the SCR catalytic converter is arranged between the high pressure turbine of the high pressure exhaust turbocharger and the low pressure turbine of the low pressure exhaust turbocharger.

본 발명의 과제는 신규한 내연기관을 제공하는 것이다. An object of the present invention is to provide a novel internal combustion engine.

상기 과제는 청구범위 제 1 항에 따른 내연기관에 의해 해결된다. 따라서 SCR 촉매 컨버터는 적어도 2개의 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단을 포함하고, 이 경우 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단은 배기가스의 유동 방향으로 볼 때 배기가스 터보 과급기의 터빈의 상류측에 배치되고, 제 2 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단은 배기가스의 유동 방향으로 볼 때, 배기가스 터보 과급기의 터빈의 하류측에 배치된다.The above problem is solved by the internal combustion engine according to claim 1. The SCR catalytic converter thus comprises at least two SCR catalytic converter stages, in which case the first SCR catalytic converter stage is arranged upstream of the turbine of the exhaust turbocharger in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, and the second SCR catalytic converter stage. The converter stage is arranged downstream of the turbine of the exhaust turbocharger when viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas.

본 발명에 의해 처음으로, SCR 촉매 컨버터는 다수의 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단을 포함하는 것이 제안된다. 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단은 배기가스의 유동 방향으로 볼 때, 배기가스 터보 과급기의 터빈의 상류측에 배치되고, 제 2 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단은 배기가스의 유동 방향으로 볼 때, 상기 터보 과급기의 상기 터빈의 하류측에 배치된다. 이로써 SCR 촉매 컨버터를 포함하는 내연기관의 배기가스 정화 장치의 효율이 높아질 수 있다. 특히 제 2 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단에 의해 배기가스에 제공된, 선택적 촉매 환원(SCR)을 위해 필요한 환원제의 소위 환원제 슬립이 최소화될 수 있다. For the first time by the present invention, it is proposed that the SCR catalytic converter comprises a plurality of SCR catalytic converter stages. The first SCR catalytic converter stage is disposed upstream of the turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger when viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, and the second SCR catalytic converter stage is disposed above the turbine direction of the exhaust gas when viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. It is arranged downstream of the turbine. This may increase the efficiency of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the internal combustion engine including the SCR catalytic converter. In particular, the so-called reducing agent slip of the reducing agent required for selective catalytic reduction (SCR), which is provided to the exhaust gas by the second SCR catalytic converter stage, can be minimized.

배기가스 터보 과급 장치가 1단으로 형성되고 하나의 배기가스 터보 과급기를 포함하는 경우에, 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단은 하나의 배기가스 터보 과급기의 터빈의 상류측에 배치되고, 제 2 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단은 하나의 배기가스 터보 과급기의 터빈의 하류측에 배치된다. In the case where the exhaust turbocharger is formed in one stage and includes one exhaust turbocharger, the first SCR catalytic converter stage is disposed upstream of the turbine of one exhaust turbocharger, and the second SCR catalytic converter The stage is arranged downstream of the turbine of one exhaust turbocharger.

배기가스 터보 과급 장치가 2단으로 형성되고 고압 배기가스 터보 과급기와 저압 배기가스 터보 과급기를 포함하는 경우에, 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단은 저압 배기가스 터보 과급기의 저압 터빈의 상류측에 배치되고, 제 2 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단은 저압 배기가스 터보 과급기의 저압 터빈의 하류측에 배치된다.In the case where the exhaust gas turbocharger is formed in two stages and includes a high pressure exhaust gas turbocharger and a low pressure exhaust gas turbocharger, the first SCR catalytic converter stage is disposed upstream of the low pressure turbine of the low pressure exhaust gas turbocharger, The second SCR catalytic converter stage is arranged downstream of the low pressure turbine of the low pressure exhaust gas turbocharger.

바람직하게 2개의 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단을 위해 공통의 환원제 분사 장치가 제공된다. 공통의 분사 장치가 사용됨으로써 환원제를 위한 혼합 파이프는 생략할 수 있다. 혼합은 배기가스 터보 과급기의 터빈에서 이루어진다. 이로써 환원제를 위한 최적의 혼합이 이루어질 수 있다. 궁극적으로 소위 환원제 슬립과 마찬가지로 환원제 소모도 감소할 수 있다. Preferably a common reducing agent injection device is provided for the two SCR catalytic converter stages. By using a common injector, the mixing pipe for the reducing agent can be omitted. Mixing takes place in the turbine of the exhaust turbocharger. This allows optimum mixing for the reducing agent. Ultimately, reducing agent consumption can be reduced, as well as so-called reducing agent slip.

본 발명의 바람직한 개선예들은 종속 청구항 및 하기 설명에 제시된다. 본 발명의 실시예들은 이에 제한되지 않으며, 도면을 참고로 상세히 설명된다. Preferred refinements of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims and the following description. Embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto and will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

도 1은 본 발명의 제 1 실시예에 따른 과급된 내연기관의 개략도.
도 2는 본 발명의 제 2 실시예에 따른 과급된 내연기관의 개략도. 1 is a schematic diagram of a turbocharged internal combustion engine according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
2 is a schematic diagram of a turbocharged internal combustion engine according to a second embodiment of the invention;

본 발명은 내연기관, 특히 중유로 작동되는 선박용 디젤 내연기관에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine, in particular a marine diesel internal combustion engine operated with heavy oil.

도 1은 1단 배기가스 터보 과급 장치를 포함하는 본 발명에 따른 내연기관(10)의 제 1 실시예를 도시하고, 따라서 상기 배기가스 터보 과급 장치는 하나의 배기가스 터보 과급기(11)를 포함한다. 내연기관에서 배출된 배기가스는 감압을 위해 배기가스 터보 과급기(11)의 터빈(12)에 공급될 수 있고, 이 경우 획득된 에너지는, 배기가스 터보 과급기(11)의 압축기(13)를 구동하고 내연기관(10)에 공급될 과급 공기를 압축하는데 이용된다. 1 shows a first embodiment of an internal combustion engine 10 according to the invention comprising a one-stage exhaust gas turbocharger, so that the exhaust gas turbocharger comprises one exhaust turbocharger 11. do. The exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine may be supplied to the turbine 12 of the exhaust gas turbocharger 11 for depressurization, in which case the obtained energy drives the compressor 13 of the exhaust gas turbocharger 11. And it is used to compress the boost air to be supplied to the internal combustion engine (10).

본 발명에 따른 내연기관에 적어도 2개의 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15, 16)을 가진 SCR 촉매 컨버터가 제공된다. An internal combustion engine according to the invention is provided with an SCR catalytic converter having at least two SCR catalytic converter stages 15, 16.

제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)은 배기가스의 유동 방향으로 볼 때, 배기가스 터보 과급기(11)의 터빈(12)의 상류측에 배치되고, 제 2 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(16)은 배기가스의 유동 방향으로 볼 때, 배기가스 터보 과급기(11)의 터빈(12)의 하류측에 배치된다. The first SCR catalytic converter stage 15 is arranged upstream of the turbine 12 of the exhaust turbocharger 11 when viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, and the second SCR catalytic converter stage 16 is the exhaust gas. When viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas turbocharger 11, it is disposed downstream of the turbine 12.

SCR 촉매 컨버터(14)의 2개의 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15, 16)을 위해 공통의 환원제 분사 장치(17)가 제공되고, 이 경우 공통의 환원제 분사 장치(17)는 환원제를 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)의 상류측에서 배기가스 내로 분사한다. 도 1은 환원제, 특히 암모니아를 제공하고 또는 발생시키는 장치(18)를 도시한다. A common reducing agent injector 17 is provided for the two SCR catalytic converter stages 15, 16 of the SCR catalytic converter 14, in which case the common reducing agent injector 17 supplies the reducing agent to the first SCR catalytic converter. Injection into the exhaust gas from the upstream side of the stage 15. 1 shows an apparatus 18 for providing or generating a reducing agent, in particular ammonia.

2개의 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15, 16)으로 SCR 촉매 컨버터(14)가 분리됨으로써, 즉 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)은 배기가스 터보 과급기(11)의 터빈(12)의 상류측에 배치되고, 제 2 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(16)은 배기기스 터보 과급기(11)의 터빈(12)의 하류측에 배치됨으로써 소위 응답 특성이 개선될 수 있다. 유동 방향으로 배기가스 터보 과급기(11) 전방과 제 1 촉매 컨버터 단(15) 전방에 공통의 분사 장치(17)가 배치됨으로써, 배기가스 챔버 내의 높은 배기가스 온도로 인해 촉매 컨버터 단(15)에서 제 1 NOx-변환을 위한 환원제의 증발 친화성이 높아진다. 변환되지 않은 암모니아는 추후에 터빈(12)에서 깨끗하게 혼합되고, 제 2 촉매 컨버터 단(16)에서 산화질소를 감소시킨다. The SCR catalytic converter 14 is separated into two SCR catalytic converter stages 15, 16, ie the first SCR catalytic converter stage 15 is arranged upstream of the turbine 12 of the exhaust turbocharger 11. And the second SCR catalytic converter stage 16 is disposed downstream of the turbine 12 of the exhaust gas turbocharger 11 so that the so-called response characteristics can be improved. The common injection device 17 is arranged in front of the exhaust gas turbocharger 11 and in front of the first catalytic converter stage 15 in the flow direction so that the high temperature of the exhaust gas in the exhaust chamber results in the catalytic converter stage 15. The evaporation affinity of the reducing agent for the first NO x -conversion is increased. The unconverted ammonia is later mixed cleanly in the turbine 12 and reduces nitrogen oxides in the second catalytic converter stage 16.

이로써 내연기관(10)의 필수 조립 공간이 감소할 수 있다. 배기가스 터보 과급기(11)에서, 즉 상기 터보 과급기의 터빈(12)에서 배기가스와 환원제가 혼합됨으로써, 환원제와 배기가스의 최적의 혼합이 이루어지고, 이로 인해 환원제의 소모와 상기 환원제의 소위 슬립이 최소화된다. 배기가스 터보 과급기(11)의 터빈(12)의 상류측에 배치된 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)은 신속하게 작동 온도에 도달할 수 있으므로, SCR 촉매 컨버터(14)의 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)은 양호한 응답 특성을 갖는다. 특히 내연기관(10)의 부분 부하 작동 시 다단 SCR 촉매 컨버터(14)에 의해 최적의 배기가스 정화가 이루어질 수 있다. This can reduce the required assembly space of the internal combustion engine (10). By mixing the exhaust gas and the reducing agent in the exhaust gas turbocharger 11, that is, in the turbine 12 of the turbocharger, an optimum mixing of the reducing agent and the exhaust gas is achieved, thereby consuming the reducing agent and the so-called slip of the reducing agent. This is minimized. Since the first SCR catalytic converter stage 15 disposed upstream of the turbine 12 of the exhaust turbocharger 11 can quickly reach operating temperature, the first SCR catalytic converter of the SCR catalytic converter 14. Stage 15 has good response characteristics. In particular, the optimum exhaust gas purification can be achieved by the multi-stage SCR catalytic converter 14 during partial load operation of the internal combustion engine 10.

SCR 촉매 컨버터(14)의 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)의 하우징에 산화 촉매 컨버터 및/또는 배기가스 정화 장치의 입자 필터가 통합될 수 있다. In the housing of the first SCR catalytic converter stage 15 of the SCR catalytic converter 14 a particle filter of an oxidation catalytic converter and / or an exhaust gas purification device can be integrated.

도 2는 2단 배기가스 터보 과급 장치를 포함하는 내연기관(10)의 바람직한 실시예를 도시하고, 상기 배기가스 터보 과급 장치는 2개의 배기가스 터보 과급기(11a, 11b)를 포함하고, 즉 고압 배기가스 터보 과급기(11a)와 저압 배기가스 터보 과급기(11b)를 포함한다. 고압 배기가스 터보 과급기(11a)는 고압 터빈(12a)과 고압 압축기(13a)를 포함한다. 저압 배기가스 터보 과급기(11b)는 저압 터빈(12b)과 저압 압축기(13b)를 포함한다. Fig. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of an internal combustion engine 10 comprising a two stage exhaust turbocharger, which comprises two exhaust turbochargers 11a, 11b, i.e. high pressure. An exhaust gas turbocharger 11a and a low pressure exhaust gas turbocharger 11b are included. The high pressure exhaust gas turbocharger 11a includes a high pressure turbine 12a and a high pressure compressor 13a. The low pressure exhaust gas turbocharger 11b includes a low pressure turbine 12b and a low pressure compressor 13b.

또한, 2단 배기가스 터보 과급 장치를 포함하는 도 2의 내연기관(10)에 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)과 제 2 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(16)을 가진 다단 SCR 촉매 컨버터(14)가 제공되고, 이 경우, 도 2에 따라 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)은 저압 배기가스 터보 과급기(11b)의 저압 터빈(12b)의 상류측에 배치되고, 제 2 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(16)은 저압 배기가스 터보 과급기(11b)의 저압 터빈(12b)의 하류측에 배치된다. In addition, a multistage SCR catalytic converter 14 having a first SCR catalytic converter stage 15 and a second SCR catalytic converter stage 16 is provided in the internal combustion engine 10 of FIG. 2 comprising a two stage exhaust gas turbocharger. In this case, according to FIG. 2, the first SCR catalytic converter stage 15 is arranged upstream of the low pressure turbine 12b of the low pressure exhaust gas turbocharger 11b and the second SCR catalytic converter stage 16. Is disposed downstream of the low pressure turbine 12b of the low pressure exhaust gas turbocharger 11b.

도 2에서는 SCR 촉매 컨버터(14)의 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)이 고압 배기가스 터보 과급기(11a)의 고압 터빈(12a)의 하류측에 배치되고, 즉 2개의 배기가스 터보 과급기(11a, 11b)의 2개의 터빈들(12a, 12b) 사이에 배치된다. In FIG. 2, the first SCR catalytic converter stage 15 of the SCR catalytic converter 14 is arranged downstream of the high pressure turbine 12a of the high pressure exhaust gas turbocharger 11a, that is, the two exhaust gas turbochargers 11a. , Between the two turbines 12a, 12b of 11b).

도 2의 실시예에서도 2개의 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15, 16)을 위해 공통의 환원제 분사 장치(17)가 제공되고, 이 경우 환원제는 장치(18)에 의해 제공되거나 또는 발생된다. In the embodiment of FIG. 2 also a common reducing agent injection device 17 is provided for the two SCR catalytic converter stages 15, 16, in which case the reducing agent is provided or generated by the device 18.

도 1 및 도 2의 실시예에서 환원제는 공통의 환원제 분사 장치(17)에 의해 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)의 상류측에서 직접 배기가스 내로 분사된다. 1 and 2, the reducing agent is injected into the exhaust gas directly upstream of the first SCR catalytic converter stage 15 by a common reducing agent injection device 17.

배기가스 내로 환원제의 분사는 SCR 촉매 컨버터(14)의 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)에 대해서 과다화학양론적이다. Injection of the reducing agent into the exhaust gas is overstoichiometric for the first SCR catalytic converter stage 15 of the SCR catalytic converter 14.

별도의 도면에 도시되지 않지만, 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)은 고압 배기가스 터보 과급기(11a)의 고압 터빈(12a)에 대해 상류측에 배치될 수 있다. 이러한 경우에 SCR 촉매 컨버터(14)의 제 2 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(16)은 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 저압 배기가스 터보 과급기(11)의 저압 터빈(12)의 하류측에 배치될 수 있거나, 또는 대안으로서 2개의 배기가스 터보 과급기(11a, 11b)의 2개의 터빈(12a, 12b) 사이에 배치될 수 있다. Although not shown in the separate figures, the first SCR catalytic converter stage 15 may be disposed upstream of the high pressure turbine 12a of the high pressure exhaust turbocharger 11a. In this case the second SCR catalytic converter stage 16 of the SCR catalytic converter 14 may be arranged downstream of the low pressure turbine 12 of the low pressure exhaust turbocharger 11, as shown in FIG. 2. Alternatively, or alternatively, it may be arranged between the two turbines 12a, 12b of the two exhaust gas turbochargers 11a, 11b.

또한, 도 2의 실시예에서 3개의 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단이 제공되고, 즉 2개의 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15, 16) 외에 도시되지 않은 다른 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단이 제공되고, 상기 다른 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단은 고압 터빈(12a)의 상류측에 배치되고, 이 경우 공통의 환원제 분사 장치(17)는 도시되지 않은 상기 추가 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단의 상류측에 제공된다. In addition, three SCR catalytic converter stages are provided in the embodiment of FIG. 2, i.e., other SCR catalytic converter stages not shown in addition to the two SCR catalytic converter stages 15, 16 are provided. It is arranged upstream of the high pressure turbine 12a, in which case a common reducing agent injection device 17 is provided upstream of the further SCR catalytic converter stage, not shown.

본 발명에 따른 내연기관에 의해 모든 실시 변형예에서 다양한 장점들이 달성될 수 있다. 환원제의 공통의 분사 장치에 의해 제 2 촉매 컨버터 단을 위한 별도의 혼합 파이프는 생략될 수 있으므로, 조립 공간이 감소할 수 있다. 배기가스 터보 과급기의 터빈에서 환원제와 배기가스의 혼합에 의해 환원제와 배기가스의 최적의 혼합이 이루어지고, 이로써 환원제의 소모와 슬립이 감소할 수 있다. 특히 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단은 양호한 응답 특성을 갖는데, 그 이유는 상기 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단은 환원제에 의해 신속하게 작동 온도에 도달할 수 있기 때문이다. SCR 촉매 컨버터의 예열을 위한 별도의 가열 장치는 생략될 수 있다. SCR 촉매 컨버터의 전체 체적이 감소할 수 있다. 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단 내의 높은 압력 레벨에 의해 SCR 촉매 컨버터의 효율이 높아진다. By means of the internal combustion engine according to the invention various advantages can be achieved in all embodiments variants. A separate mixing pipe for the second catalytic converter stage can be omitted by the common injection device of the reducing agent, so that the assembly space can be reduced. In the turbine of the exhaust turbocharger, the mixing of the reducing agent and the exhaust gas is achieved by mixing the reducing agent and the exhaust gas, thereby reducing the consumption and slip of the reducing agent. In particular, the first SCR catalytic converter stage has good response characteristics since the first SCR catalytic converter stage can reach the operating temperature quickly by the reducing agent. A separate heating device for preheating the SCR catalytic converter can be omitted. The overall volume of the SCR catalytic converter can be reduced. The high pressure level in the first SCR catalytic converter stage increases the efficiency of the SCR catalytic converter.

2개의 실시 변형예에서 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)의 하우징에 산화 촉매 컨버터 및 입자 필터가 통합될 수 있다. In two embodiments, the oxidation catalytic converter and particle filter may be integrated into the housing of the first SCR catalytic converter stage 15.

10 내연기관
11 배기가스 터보 과급기
11a 배기가스 터보 과급기
11b 배기가스 터보 과급기
12 터빈
12a 터빈
12b 터빈
13 압축기
13a 압축기
13b 압축기
14 SCR 촉매 컨버터
15 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단
16 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단
17 환원제 분사 장치
18 장치10 internal combustion engine
11 exhaust turbocharger
11a exhaust turbocharger
11b Exhaust Gas Turbocharger
12 turbines
12a turbine
12b turbine
13 compressor
13a compressor
13b compressor
14 SCR catalytic converter
15 SCR catalytic converter stage
16 SCR catalytic converter stage
17 reductant injector
18 devices

Claims (7)

내연기관, 특히 중유로 작동되는 선박용 디젤 내연기관으로서, 배기가스 터보 과급 장치와 배기가스 정화 장치를 포함하고, 이 경우 상기 배기가스 터보 과급 장치는 하나 이상의 배기가스 터보 과급기(11, 11a, 11b)를 포함하고, 상기 배기가스 정화 장치는 SCR 촉매 컨버터(14)를 포함하는 내연기관에 있어서,
상기 SCR 촉매 컨버터(14)는 적어도 2개의 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15, 16)을 포함하고, 이 경우 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)은 배기가스의 유동 방향으로 볼 때 배기가스 터보 과급기(11, 11b)의 터빈(12, 12b)의 상류측에 배치되고, 제 2 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(16)은 배기가스의 유동 방향으로 볼 때, 상기 배기가스 터보 과급기(11, 11b)의 상기 터빈(12, 12b)의 하류측에 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관.An internal combustion engine, in particular a marine diesel internal combustion engine operated with heavy oil, comprising an exhaust gas turbocharger and an exhaust gas purification device, in which case the exhaust gas turbocharger comprises one or more exhaust gas turbochargers 11, 11a, 11b. In the, the exhaust gas purification device is an internal combustion engine comprising an SCR catalytic converter 14,
The SCR catalytic converter 14 comprises at least two SCR catalytic converter stages 15 and 16, in which case the first SCR catalytic converter stage 15 is an exhaust gas turbocharger 11 when viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. And the second SCR catalytic converter stage 16 is disposed in the upstream side of the turbines 12 and 12b of the exhaust gas turbocharger 11 and 11b when viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. 12, 12b), the internal combustion engine characterized in that disposed on the downstream side. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 배기가스 터보 과급 장치는 1단으로 형성되고, 하나의 배기가스 터보 과급기(11)를 포함하고, 이 경우 상기 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)은 상기 배기가스 터보 과급기(11)의 터빈(12)의 상류측에 배치되고, 상기 제 2 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(16)은 상기 배기가스 터보 과급기(11)의 상기 터빈(12)의 하류측에 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관.2. The exhaust gas turbocharger according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas turbocharger is formed in one stage and comprises one exhaust gas turbocharger (11), in which case the first SCR catalytic converter stage (15) comprises the exhaust gas turbocharger. It is arranged upstream of the turbine 12 of 11, and the said 2nd SCR catalytic converter stage 16 is arrange | positioned downstream of the said turbine 12 of the said exhaust gas turbocharger 11, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Internal combustion engine. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 배기가스 터보 과급 장치는 2단으로 형성되고, 고압 배기가스 터보 과급기(11a)와 저압 배기가스 터보 과급기(11b)를 포함하고, 이 경우 상기 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)은 상기 저압 배기가스 터보 과급기(11b)의 저압 터빈(12b)의 상류측에 배치되고, 상기 제 2 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(16)은 상기 저압 배기가스 터보 과급기(11b)의 상기 저압 터빈(12b)의 하류측에 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관.2. The exhaust gas turbocharger of claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas turbocharger is formed in two stages, and includes a high pressure exhaust gas turbocharger 11a and a low pressure exhaust gas turbocharger 11b, in which case the first SCR catalytic converter stage ( 15 is disposed upstream of the low pressure turbine 12b of the low pressure exhaust gas turbocharger 11b, and the second SCR catalytic converter stage 16 is connected to the low pressure turbine of the low pressure exhaust gas turbocharger 11b. 12b), which is disposed downstream of the internal combustion engine. 제 2 항에 있어서, 상기 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)은 상기 고압 배기가스 터보 과급기(11a)의 상기 고압 터빈(12a)의 하류측에 배치되는 특징으로 하는 내연기관.3. An internal combustion engine according to claim 2, wherein said first SCR catalytic converter stage (15) is arranged downstream of said high pressure turbine (12a) of said high pressure exhaust gas turbocharger (11a). 제 1 항 내지 제 4 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 2개의 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15, 16)을 위해 공통의 환원제 분사 장치(17)가 제공되는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관.5. Internal combustion engine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a common reducing agent injection device (17) is provided for the two SCR catalytic converter stages (15, 16). 제 5 항에 있어서, 상기 공통의 환원제 분사 장치(17)는 환원제를 상기 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)의 상류측에서 배기가스 내로 분사하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관.6. An internal combustion engine according to claim 5, wherein said common reducing agent injector (17) injects a reducing agent into the exhaust gas upstream of said first SCR catalytic converter stage (15). 제 5 항 또는 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 공통의 환원제 분사 장치(17)는 환원제를 상기 제 1 SCR 촉매 컨버터 단(15)에 대해서 과다화학량론적으로 배기가스 내로 분사하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내연기관. 7. An internal combustion engine according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the common reducing agent injector (17) injects a reducing agent into the exhaust gas in an overstoichiometric way to the first SCR catalytic converter stage (15).
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