KR20130076033A - Apparatus for recycling a various of composite material wastes using a thermal fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A device for pre-treating various composite material wastes using a thermal fluid is provided to improve the productivity of a pre-treating process based on the environmentally-friendly continuous processes without a chemical material. CONSTITUTION: A device for pre-treating various composite material wastes consists of a reactor (20), a thermal fluid supplying tank (30), a coating removing container (80), and a mixer (40). A reaction is generated between composite material waste and a thermal fluid in the reactor, and the composite material waste is separated into valuable resources and polymer resins. The composite material waste is based on packing materials using polymer resins and metals such as aluminum and copper; paper packing materials such as baking, food and beverage, electronic parts, medicine, and refill pouches; metal and paper packing materials using packs and labels; non-metal and polymer resin composite materials such as PCB boards/solar cells/LED thin films/LCD liquid crystals; or film coated polymer resin plastic thin films. The thermal fluid supplying tank supplies the thermal fluid into the reactor. The coating removing container rotates in the reactor in order to separate polymer resins from the composite material waste by injecting the thermal fluid. The mixer rotates the coating removing container in order to supply the thermal fluid from the reactor into the coating removing container. [Reference numerals] (30) Thermal fluid supplying tank; (90) Controller

Description

Apparatus for recycling a various of composite material wastes using a thermal fluid}

The present invention relates to various composite waste pretreatment apparatus using a thermal fluid, and more specifically, metal and polymer resin packaging materials, such as aluminum and copper, metal and paper packaging materials, composite materials of non-metallic and polymer resins or polymers of film coating The present invention relates to various composite waste pretreatment apparatuses utilizing thermal fluids capable of recovering valuable resources of aluminum, Au, silicon, and Te (telenium) from composite waste composed of resin plastic thin films.

As is well known, composite products are made of a combination of different materials, and is used as a product for various purposes using different characteristics of each material.

Examples of metal and polymer resin packaging materials such as aluminum and copper include confectionery bags, food and beverage packaging materials, and electronic component packaging materials. Metal and paper packaging materials include cigarette packaging materials. Glass, display liquid crystals, PCB boards, and the like, and polymer film plastics coated with films.

For example, when long-term storage, freshness, and color maintenance are essential, such as food and beverage, it is necessary to block air and ultraviolet rays, so that the inert gas (N2, He, etc.) is filled inside the package and then sealed. Various aluminum thin films and polymer resins are widely used as composite materials depending on the type of products.

As a result, 50-80% of the bags emitted from homes and businesses are internal aluminum resources, but they are currently incinerated at incinerators without being separated from them. The need to enforce is increasing.

In the case of aluminum, the primary production for aluminum is now dependent on imports, and even though more than 200,000 tons of recycled aluminum is still produced by recycling companies in 2007, the current demand is 1.19 million tons. Total aluminum consumption is steadily rising, and the number of smelting and refining businesses is estimated at 128 in 2006. However, the current state of recycling in Korea shows that most of the composite materials used for packaging and simple use are incinerated and landfilled. The situation is to rely on the aluminum recycled cans are recycled due to the activation of the EPR system among the recycled aluminum products, but overall aluminum recycling is low, about 18%.

In addition, in the case of displays, the demand is exploding due to the development of information and communication, but at present, there is no recycling of displays generated in the closed display and the process. In addition, LED-type displays are popular, and the lighting is still more expensive than conventional lighting, but has a long life and high illumination. In the case of LEDs, rare earth metals make up the major LED components, but only the hot air and grinding methods are used to separate the parts attached to the PCB surface. There is no technology.

Therefore, although rare earth metals, aluminum, copper, glass, etc. are contained in the waste material of the composite material, there are resources with high recycling value as high-purity metals, but they have not been properly recycled. Has been sacrificed to recover. However, in the future, the necessity of recycling along with metal resources is increasing.

That is, in the case of conventional composite waste, aluminum was recovered by using chemicals in the case of wet, but because of the use of chemicals, water pollution and treatment costs are high and difficult to control, and in the case of dry, plasma and incineration However, despite the advantage that the treatment time is rather fast, there is a problem of air pollution due to heat treatment mir, and the polymer resin is pyrolyzed without recovery, and only the metal can be recovered, but the recovery rate is extremely low. There is a problem with productivity.

On the other hand, in the case of wet, acid solutions such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, etc. are used as additives, but after the process, a small amount of Al-containing acid waste is generated, resulting in the loss of valuable metals, resulting in water pollution and reaction. There is a risk of air pollution due to the generation of harmful acid gases such as chlorine gas, carbon monoxide, NOx, etc., and waste water generation due to the use of chemical products.

In addition, because of the wet method, there is a limitation of the large-capacity treatment, takes a long time, and uses a lot of acid solution for etching and polymer coating removal and chemicals for neutralization, reprocessing, and other harmful gas treatment during incineration and plasma treatment. There is a need for activated carbon dust collection equipment for water and atmospheric fields.

Given the lack of resources in this situation, the need for recycling is very important, and this is a problem that needs to be addressed to secure national strategic resources in the future.

The following documents disclose methods and apparatus for the recycling or recovery of various various composite wastes.

(Patent Document 1) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2004-0024473 (Published on 204.3.20)

(Patent Document 2) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2009-0120585 (published Nov. 25, 2009)

(Patent Document 3) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1993-0016552 (published Aug. 26, 1993)

(Patent Document 4) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1999-0068261 (published Sep. 06, 1999)

(Patent Document 5) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1999-0031427 (published May 6, 1999)

(Patent Document 6) Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0361735 (August 23, 2002)

(Patent Document 7) Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0910630 (2009.08.05 notice)

(Patent Document 8) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-230354 (published Aug. 19, 2004)

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems as described above, the object is a multi-layer film layer in a bag, packaging materials, packs, labels, such as confectionery / food and beverage / electronic components / pharmaceuticals / refill pouch, PCB board / It is possible to recover not only valuable metals but also polymer resins from composite materials consisting of solar cell / LED composite materials or thin film used in electronics, communication, magnetic, optics, etc. without input materials other than raw materials, and also included in composite materials By separating and recovering the thin film and the polymer resin at a slightly higher temperature at the melting point of the polymer resin, the pretreatment of various composite material wastes using the thermal fluid with high recovery rate is possible through the continuous treatment process without significant effect on the water system and the atmosphere. To provide a device.

Various composite material waste pretreatment apparatus utilizing the thermal fluid according to an aspect of the present invention in order to achieve the above object is confectionery / food and beverage / electronic components / pharmaceuticals / refill as metal, polymer resin packaging materials, paper packaging materials such as aluminum, copper The composite material is made of a metal or paper packaging material such as a bag, a packaging material, a pack, a label, a pouch, or the like. A reactor in which material waste reacts with the thermal fluid and separated into valuable resources and a polymer resin, a thermal fluid supply tank for supplying the thermal fluid to the reactor by operation of a supply pump, and a composite material waste are stored. A stripping passage installed in the reactor so as to separate the polymer resin from the composite waste, And a composite waste pretreatment device consisting of a mixer for rotating the stripping bin so that the supplied thermal fluid enters the stripping bin.

The reaction temperature of the thermofluid supplied to the reactor may be set to dissolve the polymer resin by reacting at about 250 ° C. or more, preferably at about 350 ° C. for about 2 to 50 minutes, preferably 10 to 30 minutes.

As a thermal fluid, waxy wax (paraffin wax), paraffin oil, hexadecene, icosane, brake oil, oleic acid, lauric acid, adipic acid, stearic acid, edible oil (palmitic acid ester), extra virgin silicone oil, grapeseed oil, corn oil , Sunflower seed oil, sesame oil, canola oil, safflower seed oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, brown rice oil, pork oil, creo oil, diesel oil, kerosene, bunker-C oil, lubricant oil, jet fuel oil, residue oil, heavy oil, antifreeze, ethylene glycol, Butoxydiethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, benzenemethanol, naphthalene, anthracene, petroleum, pesan, pealcali, steam and mixtures thereof can be used.

The stripping container may include a screen net installed at the upper and lower portions, and a plurality of fluid guide membranes disposed at the side surface such that the thermal fluid in the reactor flows through the screen net.

At this time, the screen net is preferably made of a wire mesh of 10-150 mesh.

According to the present invention, aluminum and polymer resins are melted to recover aluminum from the waste of composite materials, and those composed of glass and multilayer films are separated, or polymers are melted to recover Au from wires, or silicon, which is a final valuable resource, It is possible to recover Te (telenium), increase productivity through an eco-friendly continuous process that does not use chemicals, and establish a virtuous cycle structure of resources through resource recycling, thus securing national strategic resources and providing stable supply and demand. .

1 is a recycling process of the composite material recycling method according to an embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a composite material waste pretreatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 3 is a side view and a plan view illustrating the coating removal container of FIG. 2 in detail; FIG.
Figure 4 is a photograph showing before and after the experiment carried out according to the subject of the composite material waste.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described an embodiment according to the present invention. In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear. The terms used below are defined in consideration of the functions of the present invention, which may vary depending on the user, the intention or custom of the operator, and the like. Therefore, the definition should be based on the contents throughout this specification.

1 is a process diagram showing the recycling of composite waste according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the composite waste pretreatment apparatus of FIG. 1.

As shown in Figure 1, the composite waste waste recycling process according to an embodiment of the present invention is a composite waste (2), in particular metal and polymer resin packaging materials, such as aluminum, copper, metal and paper packaging materials, non-metal and polymer resin Raw material input process (S10) for feeding the composite material waste (2) consisting of a polymer film plastic thin film of a flat panel or a film coating to the pretreatment unit (100), and the composite material waste (2) pretreated in the pretreatment unit (100) Is transferred to the composite waste pretreatment apparatus 200 which is in direct contact with the hot thermal fluid in a liquid form at a predetermined reaction temperature or is separated by non-contact by steam of the hot thermal fluid, and separated into valuable resources and polymer resin, After the resin is discharged into the composite material waste separation process (S20), and the separated valuable resources are transferred to the recovery unit 300 together with the thermal fluid, and separated into thermal fluid and valuable resources, The fluid is returned to the waste material pretreatment apparatus 200, and the valuable resource recovery process (S30), the drying process to transfer the recovered valuable resources to the drying unit 400 (S40) and dried valuable resources It includes a sorting process (S50) for transferring to the sorting unit 500 to sort.

In the separation step (S20), the contact method is preferable in terms of productivity and efficiency, and in the case of the contact method, the contact method is separated for about 15 minutes under predetermined conditions, and in the case of the non-contact method, the contact method is separated for at least 60 minutes.

In addition, in the recovery step (S30), when the concentration of polymer resins, such as low melting point PE, PP, PS dissolved in the thermal fluid is high, after cooling to room temperature, it is filtered and pelletized (pellet) and recycled.

On the other hand, in the drying unit 400, a small amount of heat fluid existing on the surface of the metal and non-metal resources and the polymer resin is dried by direct or indirect methods by far infrared rays, a heater and a hot product, but the content of the heat fluid is dried to 1wt% or less. The sorting unit 500 selects resources such as copper, aluminum, and glass, and polymer resins of PET using conventional plastic separators such as near-infrared, wet, and charging methods.

When the composite waste material 2 is introduced into the pretreatment unit 100, the composite waste material 2 is usually cut into an appropriate size of the product, that is, an easy-to-recoverable size, and foreign matters are removed if necessary, 50% of the composite waste (2) of food, beverage and electronic parts packaging materials or 20 cm or less in the size of the composite waste is input to the composite waste pretreatment device 200. It may be.

As shown in FIG. 2, the composite waste pretreatment apparatus 200 includes a reactor 20 in which composite waste reacts with a thermal fluid to be separated into valuable resources and a polymer resin, and the reactor is operated by a feed pump 32. The thermal fluid supply tank 30 for supplying the thermal fluid to the 20 and the composite material waste are stored, and the coating is rotatably installed in the reactor 20 so that the thermal fluid is introduced to separate the polymer resin from the composite material waste. The cylinder 80 and the mixer 40 for rotating the coating stripping cylinder 80 at a rotational speed of about 10 to 60 rpm so that the heat fluid supplied to the reactor 20 flows into the coating stripping cylinder 80. do.

As shown in FIG. 3, the screen removing cylinder 80 is provided with a screen net 82 made of a wire mesh of 10-150 mesh on the upper and lower portions thereof, and a plurality of fluid guide membranes 84 are provided on the side surface thereof.

When the sheath stripper 80 is rotated by the operation of the mixer 40, the heat fluid supplied into the reactor 20 is moved to the top and bottom of the sheath stripper 80 by a plurality of fluid guide membranes 84. In this case, the kinetic energy of the thermal fluid flows into the coating stripping tube 80 with low resistance through the screen net 82, and the coating stripping tube is applied by the force (friction force) of the flowing thermal fluid at this time. The coating of the composite waste in 80 will be removed.

In the composite waste pretreatment apparatus 200, the operating temperature varies according to the type of composite material and high temperature thermal fluid. Typically, the composite material introduced into the reactor 20 is a reaction temperature of about 250 ° C. or higher, preferably about 350 ° C., and an operating pressure of 0.1 to 10 Kg / cm 2 of the thermal fluid supplied to the reactor 20, and the reaction time is the above condition. At about 2 to 50 minutes, preferably 10 to 30 minutes, the polymer resin is separated.

The feed pump 32 may be operated to automatically adjust the water level inside the reactor 20 in conjunction with a pair of water level sensors 34 installed up and down to control the water level inside the reactor 20.

The separated polymer resin and the thermal fluid are discharged to the storage tank 50 through the discharge valve 26 attached to the lower portion of the reactor 20, and the polymer resin in the storage tank 50 is returned to the reactor through the circulation pump 52. At 20, the polymer resin contained in the thermal fluid may be filtered by the filter 58 and cooled to 100 ° C. or less. In the circumference of the reactor 20, a heat insulation and a heater 60 operated by the temperature sensor 28 may be attached to control the reaction temperature. In addition, the storage tank 50 may be attached to the water level sensor 54 for adjusting the water level.

In addition, as a matter of safety, when the internal pressure of the reactor 20 is greater than 0.5 atm, the gas discharge valve 14 attached to the gas discharge line 12 is not opened.

The polymer resin may be classified into a resin that is soluble in a low temperature region and a resin that is soluble in a high temperature region, and the low temperature region resin may be directly discharged from the reactor 20, but a high temperature region resin, that is, an amide series or a fluorine series In the case of the resin, it is preferable to circulate to the reactor 20 as shown in FIG.

On the other hand, the various composite waste pretreatment apparatus 200 using the thermal fluid of the present invention was a batch method of directly inputting the composite waste (2) to the reactor 20, unlike the continuous process by the drive method of the transfer belt Of course it can be made possible. In this case, the polymer resin may be discharged using the storage tank 50, and directly recover valuable resources from the transfer belt.

In addition, in order to increase the separation efficiency, the ultrasonic device and the thermal fluid injection nozzle may be installed in the reactor 20, and in this case, the reaction time may be shortened at the same reaction temperature by using the ultrasonic device and the thermal fluid injection nozzle in parallel. .

Operation of the various composite waste pretreatment apparatus utilizing the heat fluid of the present invention configured as described above can be controlled by the controller 90, and the heat fluid used for recycling is shown in the following table.

division Thermofluid type One Stone wax (paraffin wax) and mixtures thereof 2 Paraffin oil and mixtures thereof 3 Hexadecene (C ₁₆ H ₃₄ ) and mixtures thereof 4 Eicosane (C ₂₀ H ₄₂ ) and mixtures thereof 5 Brake oil and mixtures thereof 6 Oleic acid (C ₈ H ₄ O) and mixtures thereof 7 Lauric acid (CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₁₀ COOH) and mixtures thereof 8 Adipic acid ((CH ₂ ) ₄ (COOH) ₂₎ and mixtures thereof 9 Stearic acid (C ₁₈ H ₃₆ O ₂ ) and mixtures thereof 10 Edibles (palmitic acid ester) and mixtures thereof 11 Edibles (Glycerine Oreic Acid Ester) and Mixtures thereof 12 Extra virgin olive oil and mixtures 13 Extra Right Olive Oil and Mixtures 14 Grape Seed Oil and Mixtures 15 Corn oil and mixtures thereof 16 Sunflower Seed Oil and Mixtures 17 Sesame oil and mixtures thereof 18 Soybean oil and mixtures thereof 19 Canola oil and mixtures thereof 20 Safflower seed oil and mixtures thereof 21 Peanut oil and mixtures thereof 22 Cottonseed oil and mixtures thereof 23 Brown rice oil and mixtures thereof 24 Pork oil and mixtures thereof 25 Creo oils and mixtures thereof 26 Diesel oil and mixtures thereof 27 Kerosene and mixtures thereof 28 Bunker-c oils and mixtures thereof 29 Lubricants and mixtures thereof 30 Jet fuel oil and mixtures thereof 31 Residues and mixtures thereof 32 Heavy oils and mixtures thereof 33 Antifreeze and Mixtures 34 Ethylene glycol and mixtures thereof 35 Butoxydiethylene glycol and mixtures thereof 36 Propylene Glycol and Mixtures 37 Dipropylene glycol and mixtures thereof 38 Benzene Methanol (C ₇ H ₈ O) and mixtures thereof 39 Naphthalene (C ₁₀ H ₈ ) and mixtures thereof 40 Anthracene (C ₁₄ H ₁₀ ) and mixtures thereof 41 Waste oil and mixtures thereof 42 Waste acid and mixtures thereof 43 Waste alkali and mixtures thereof 44 Steam and mixtures thereof

Figure 4 is a photograph showing before and after experiments carried out according to the subject of the composite waste material, according to the various composite waste pretreatment apparatus utilizing the thermal fluid of the present invention as described above, as a wet recovery method, a polymer using a thermal fluid By dissolving the resin to recover the metal, the polymer resin is cooled and recovered to recover both the polymer resin and the metal. In addition, the recovery rate of metals was over 98%, the polymer resins were over 90%, and the productivity was high in a continuous process.The advantage of reusing polymer resins and thermofluids, and the atmosphere without using chemicals And there is an advantage of the pollution of the water system and the fast processing time, which can be seen from the photograph of FIG.

What has been described above is just one preferred embodiment of various composite material waste pretreatment apparatus utilizing the thermal fluid according to the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, so as claimed in the following claims As will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains without departing from the gist of the present invention, the technical spirit of the present invention may be changed to the extent that various modifications can be made.

2: composite material waste 20: reactor
28: temperature sensor 30: thermal fluid supply tank
32: supply pump 34: water level sensor
40: mixer 50: storage tank
52: circulation pump 54: water level sensor
58 filter 60 insulation and heater
80: covering strip 82: screen arm
84: fluid guide film 90: controller
100: pretreatment unit 200: composite material waste pretreatment device
300: recovery unit 400: rolling unit
500: sorting unit

Claims (5)

Composite waste pretreatment device,
Metal and polymer resin packaging materials such as aluminum and copper, paper packaging materials such as confectionery / food / drink / electronic parts / medicine / refill pouches, packaging materials, packs, metal and paper packaging materials with labels, PCB board / solar cell / LED / A reactor in which the composite material waste consisting of a composite material of a non-metal and a polymer resin of a thin film / LCD liquid crystal or a polymer resin plastic thin film of a film coating reacts with a thermal fluid to be separated into valuable resources and a polymer resin;
A thermal fluid supply tank for supplying the thermal fluid to the reactor by operation of a supply pump,
The composite material waste is stored, the thermal fluid is introduced into the coating removal passage rotatably installed in the reactor to separate the polymer resin from the composite material waste,
It includes a composite material waste pretreatment device consisting of a mixer for rotating the coating stripping cylinder so that the heat fluid supplied to the reactor flows into the coating stripping cylinder
Various composite waste pretreatment devices using heat fluid.
The method of claim 1,
The reaction temperature of the thermal fluid supplied to the reactor is set to melt the polymer resin by reacting at about 250 ℃ or more, preferably at about 350 ℃ about 2 to 50 minutes, preferably 10 to 30 minutes
Various composite waste pretreatment devices using heat fluid.
The method of claim 1,
As the heat fluid, waxy wax (paraffin wax), paraffin oil, hexadecene, icosane, brake oil, oleic acid, lauric acid, adipic acid, stearic acid, edible oil (palmitinic acid ester), extra virgin silicone oil, grapeseed oil, corn Oil, sunflower seed oil, sesame oil, canola oil, safflower oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, brown rice oil, pork oil, creo oil, diesel oil, kerosene, bunker-C oil, lubricant oil, jet fuel oil, residue oil, heavy oil, antifreeze, ethylene glycol Butoxydiethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, benzenemethanol, naphthalene, anthracene, petroleum, pesan, pealcali, steam and mixtures thereof
Various composite waste pretreatment devices using heat fluid.
The method of claim 1,
The sheath removal container
And a plurality of fluid guide membranes disposed on side surfaces of the screen nets installed at upper and lower sides thereof, and the heat fluid in the reactor flowing through the screen nets.
Various composite waste pretreatment devices using heat fluid.
The method of claim 4, wherein
The screen net is made of 10-150 mesh wire mesh
Various composite waste pretreatment devices using heat fluid.

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