KR20130006318A - Polarizing device, circular polarizing plate and method of producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A polarization device, a circular polarization plate and a manufacturing method are provided to install a polarization layer and a photo alignment layer, thereby obtaining a black peak in an X-ray reflection measurement. CONSTITUTION: A photo alignment layer(2) and a polarization layer(3) are formed on a transparent substrate(1). The photo alignment layer is formed from a polymer having a photoreactive group. The polarization layer is formed with a composition containing a polymeric smectic crystal liquid compound and dischroic dye.

Description

Polarizing element, circular polarizing plate, and manufacturing method thereof {POLARIZING DEVICE, CIRCULAR POLARIZING PLATE AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a polarizing element, a circular polarizing plate, a manufacturing method thereof and the like.

As for the polarizing element used for a liquid crystal display device, the film | membrane which consists of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) dyed with iodine generally is used as an orientation layer (nonpatent literature 1).

[Non-Patent Document 1] Edited by Yasuji Suzuki, "until liquid crystal display is possible", Nikkan Kogyo Co., Ltd., issued November 28, 2005

The present invention provides a novel polarizing element having a specific polarizing layer and a photo-alignment layer, a circular polarizer including the polarizing element, and a manufacturing method thereof.

This invention includes invention of the following [1]-[17].

[1] On a transparent substrate, a photoalignment layer and a polarizing layer are polarizers formed in this order,

The photo-alignment layer is formed of a polymer having a photoreactive group,

The polarizing element in which the said polarizing layer is formed from the composition containing a polymeric smetic liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye.

[2] The polarizing element according to the above [1], wherein the polarizing layer is a polarizing layer capable of obtaining a black peak in X-ray reflection measurement.

[3] The polarizing element according to the above [1] or [2], wherein the composition contains two or more kinds of polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compounds.

[4] The polarizing element according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the polymer having a photoreactive group is a polymer containing a group represented by the following formula (A ').

In the formula (A '),

n represents 0 or 1.

X ¹ represents a single bond, —O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —N═N—, —CH═CH— or —CH ₂ —.

Y ¹ represents a single bond or -0-.

R ¹ and R ² each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

* Indicates the number of bonds to the polymer backbone.]

[5] The method for producing a polarizing element according to any one of [1] to [4],

On the transparent substrate,

Applying a composition containing a polymer having a photoreactive group and a solvent to form a first coating film on the transparent substrate,

Drying and removing the solvent from the first coating film to form a first dry film on the transparent base material to obtain a first laminate;

Irradiating the first dry film with polarized light UV to form a photoalignment layer from the first dry film to obtain a second laminate;

Process of apply | coating the composition containing a polymeric smect liquid crystal compound, a dichroic dye, a polymerization initiator, and a solvent on the said optical orientation layer in a said 2nd laminated body, and forming a 2nd coating film on the said optical orientation layer. and,

Process of obtaining a 3rd laminated body by forming a 2nd dry film on the said photo-alignment layer by drying the said 2nd coating film on the conditions which the said polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound contained in a said 2nd coating film does not superpose | polymerize. and,,

After making said polymeric liquid crystal compound in a said 2nd dry film into a smect liquid crystal state, polarizing from the said 2nd dry film by superposing | polymerizing the said polymerizable smect liquid crystal compound, maintaining the said smect liquid crystal state. The manufacturing method which has a process of forming a layer.

[6] The polarizing element according to any one of the above [1] to [4], wherein the shape is a film shape and a long shape.

[7] The method for producing a polarizing element according to the above [6],

The process of preparing the 1st roll by which a transparent base material is wound by the 1st core,

A step of continuously sending the transparent base material from the first roll,

Applying a composition containing a polymer having a photoreactive group and a solvent to continuously form a first coating film on the transparent substrate;

Drying and removing the solvent from the first coating film to form a first dry film on the transparent base material, and to continuously obtain a first laminate,

Irradiating the first dry film with polarized light UV to form an optical alignment layer having an alignment direction at an angle of approximately 45 ° with respect to the conveying direction of the first laminate, and continuously obtaining a second laminate; ,

Applying a composition containing a polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound, a dichroic dye, a polymerization initiator, and a solvent onto the photoalignment layer, and continuously forming a second coating film on the photoalignment layer;

By drying the said 2nd coating film on the conditions which the said polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound contained in the said 2nd coating film does not superpose | polymerize, a 2nd dry film is formed on the said optical alignment layer, and a 3rd laminated body is continuously Gaining process,

After making the said polymeric liquid crystal compound contained in a said 2nd dry film into a smect liquid crystal state, the said laminated body is polymerized by superposing | polymerizing the said polymerizable smect liquid crystal compound, maintaining the said smect liquid crystal state. The polarizing layer which has an absorption axis in the angle of 45 degrees with respect to the conveyance direction of, and obtains a polarizing element continuously,

The manufacturing method which has a process of winding the polarizing element obtained continuously in the 2nd core, and obtaining a 2nd roll.

[8] A liquid crystal display device comprising the polarizing element according to any one of [1] to [4].

[9] A liquid crystal display device provided by disposing the polarizing element according to any one of the above [1] to [4] inside a liquid crystal cell.

[10] A circular polarizing plate in which the polarizing element and the retardation film according to any one of the above [1] to [4] are laminated so that the angle between the absorption axis of the polarizing layer and the slow axis of the retardation film is approximately 45 °. ,

The value of the ellipticity measured by light of wavelength 550 nm is 80% or more,

And said retardation film is a film having a front retardation value measured in light of wavelength 550 nm in a range of 100 to 150 nm.

[11] The circularly polarizing plate according to the above [10], wherein the retardation film has a property that a front retardation value with respect to visible light becomes smaller as the wavelength becomes shorter.

[12] The circularly polarizing plate according to the above [10] or [11], wherein the shape is a film and has a long shape.

[13] The method for producing a circularly polarizing plate according to the above [12],

The process of preparing the 3rd roll by which the retardation film is wound by the 3rd core,

The process of preparing the 2nd roll by which the said polarizing element is wound by the 2nd core,

Continuously winding the polarizing element from the second roll, and simultaneously winding the retardation film from the third roll;

The manufacturing method which has a process of bonding the polarizing layer of the polarizing element unwinding continuously, and the retardation film unwinding continuously.

[14] The angle formed by the slow axis of the retardation film and the absorption axis of the polarizing layer by replacing the transparent substrate included in the polarizing element according to any one of the above [1] to [4] with a retardation film having a phase difference. Is a circularly polarizing plate formed by laminating at approximately 45 °,

The value of the ellipticity measured by light of wavelength 550 nm is 80% or more,

A circular polarizing plate, wherein the retardation film is a film having a value of the front retardation measured by light having a wavelength of 550 nm in a range of 100 to 150 nm.

[15] The circularly polarizing plate according to the above [14], wherein the shape is a film shape and a long shape.

[16] The method for producing a circularly polarizing plate according to the above [15],

The process of preparing the 1st roll by which the retardation film is wound by the 1st core,

A step of continuously sending out the retardation film from the first roll,

Applying a composition containing a polymer having a photoreactive group and a solvent to continuously form a first coating film on the retardation film;

Drying and removing the solvent from the first coating film, forming a first dry film on the transparent substrate, and continuously obtaining a first laminate;

Irradiating the first dry film with polarized light UV to form an optical alignment layer having an alignment direction at an angle of approximately 45 ° with respect to the conveying direction of the first laminate, and continuously obtaining a second laminate; ,

Applying a composition containing a polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound, a dichroic dye, a polymerization initiator, and a solvent onto the photoalignment layer, and continuously forming a second coating film on the photoalignment layer;

By drying the said 2nd coating film on the conditions which the said polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound contained in the said 2nd coating film does not superpose | polymerize, a 2nd dry film is formed on the said optical alignment layer, and a 3rd laminated body is continuously Gaining process,

After making the said polymeric liquid crystal compound contained in a said 2nd dry film into a smect liquid crystal state, the said laminated body is polymerized by superposing | polymerizing the said polymerizable smect liquid crystal compound, maintaining the said smect liquid crystal state. A step of forming a polarizing layer having an absorption axis at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the conveying direction of and obtaining a circularly polarizing plate continuously;

The manufacturing method which has the process of winding up the circularly polarizing plate obtained continuously in a 2nd core, and obtaining a 2nd roll.

[17] An organic EL display device comprising the circularly polarizing plate according to any one of [10], [11] and [14] and an organic EL element.

According to this invention, the novel polarizing plate in which the specific polarizing layer and the photo-alignment layer were formed, and the novel circularly polarizing plate containing the said polarizing element can be provided.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the simplest structure of the polarizing element of this invention.
It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the principal part of the manufacturing method of the polarizing element of this invention.
It is a schematic diagram which shows the method of irradiating polarization UV to a 1st dry film in photo-alignment operation.
It is a schematic cross section which shows the principal part of the continuous manufacturing method (Roll to Roll type) of the polarizing element of this invention.
It is a figure which shows typically the relationship of the orientation direction D2 of a photo-alignment layer, and the conveyance direction D1 of a film.
It is a schematic cross section which shows the cross-sectional structure of the liquid crystal display device using the polarizing element of this invention.
7 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing the layer order of the polarizing element of the present invention provided in the liquid crystal display device.
8 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing the layer order of the polarizing element of the present invention provided in the liquid crystal display device.
It is a schematic cross section which shows the cross-sectional structure of the liquid crystal display device (in-cell type) using the polarizing element of this invention.
10 is a schematic sectional view showing the simplest configuration of the circular polarizing plate of the present invention.
It is a schematic cross section which shows the principal part of the continuous manufacturing method of the circularly polarizing plate of this invention.
12 is a schematic sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of an EL display device using the polarizing element of the present invention.
13 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing the layer order of the polarizing element of the present invention provided in the EL display device.
14 is a schematic sectional view showing the cross-sectional structure of an EL display device using the polarizing element of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic sectional view showing the cross-sectional structure of a projection type liquid crystal display device using the polarizing element of the present invention.

The polarizing element of the present invention (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as "main polarizing element") is a photo-alignment layer and a polarizing layer provided in this order on a transparent substrate, and the photo-alignment layer has a polymer having a photoreactive group. The polarizing layer is formed of a composition containing a polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye. It is preferable that this composition contains a solvent further. This polarizing element is not only suitably used for a liquid crystal display device but also a circularly polarizing plate suitably used for an organic EL display device by using the present polarizing element as will be described later (hereinafter referred to as the " circular polarizing plate " May be prepared). EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, this polarizing element, its manufacturing method, this circularly polarizing plate, and its manufacturing method are demonstrated, referring drawings. On the other hand, the drawings attached to the specification are arbitrarily dimensioned for easy viewing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the simplest structure of this polarizing element. On the transparent base material 1, the photo-alignment layer 2 and the polarizing layer 3 are laminated | stacked in this order, and this polarizing element 100 is formed. This polarizing element 100 can be manufactured, for example by the manufacturing method (henceforth called "this manufacturing method A") containing the following processes.

(Process A1) Process of apply | coating the composition containing the polymer and solvent which have a photoreactive group on a transparent base material, and form a 1st coating film on the said transparent base material;

(Step A2) Step of forming a 1st dry film on the said transparent base material by drying and removing the said solvent from the said 1st coating film, and obtaining a 1st laminated body;

(Step A3) A step of forming a photoalignment layer from the first dry film by irradiating polarized UV to the first dry film of the first laminate to obtain a second laminate.

(Process A4) The process of apply | coating the composition containing a polymeric smect liquid crystal compound, a dichroic dye, and a solvent on the said photo-alignment layer which the said 2nd laminated body has, and forming a 2nd coating film on the said photo-alignment layer. ;

(Step A5) The second coating film is dried under the condition that the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound contained in the second coating film is not polymerized, thereby forming a second dry film on the optical alignment layer to form a third laminate. Obtaining a sieve;

(Process A6) After making the said polymeric smear liquid-crystal compound in the said 2nd dry film which the said 3rd laminated body has in a smect liquid crystal state, the said polymeric smear liquid crystal compound is maintained, maintaining the said smear liquid crystal state. Process of forming a polarizing layer from the said 2nd dry film by superposing | polymerizing

FIG. 2: is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the principal part of the manufacturing method (this manufacturing method A) of this polarizing element 100 which consists of (process A1)-(process A6). Hereinafter, this manufacturing method is demonstrated for every process.

<Step A1>

Process A1 is a process of forming a 1st coating film on a transparent substrate.

<Transparent substrate>

In process A1, the transparent base material 1 is prepared first. The transparent base material herein is a base material having transparency enough to transmit light, especially visible light. The said transparency means the characteristic that the transmittance | permeability with respect to the light ray over wavelength 380-780 nm becomes 80% or more. Specific examples of such a transparent substrate include a glass substrate, a light-transmissive sheet made of plastic, and a light-transmissive film. Moreover, as a plastic which comprises this translucent sheet and a translucent film, For example, Polyolefin, such as polyethylene, a polypropylene, norbornene-type polymer; Cyclic olefin resins; Polyvinyl alcohol; Polyethylene terephthalate; Polymethacrylic acid ester; Polyacrylic acid ester; Cellulose esters such as triacetyl cellulose, diacetyl cellulose and cellulose acetate propionate; Polyethylene naphthalate; Polycarbonate; Polysulfones; Polyether sulfone; Polyether ketones; The base material which consists of any plastics, such as a polyphenylene sulfide and a polyphenylene oxide, is mentioned. In the specific example of the above transparent base material, when looking at the preferable light transmissive sheet | seat and the light transmissive film, a plastic light transmissive film, ie, a polymer film, is preferable. Among the polymer films, polymer films made of cellulose esters, cyclic olefin resins, polyethylene terephthalates, or polymethacrylate esters are particularly preferably used in the market or are excellent in transparency. desirable. In manufacturing this polarizing element using such a transparent base material, when carrying or storing the said transparent base material, it can handle easily, without causing damage, such as a crack, A support base material etc. to the said transparent base material May be bonded together. In addition, although mentioned later, when manufacturing a circular polarizing plate with this polarizing element, retardation may be provided to the said transparent base material. In this case, a polymer film is prepared as a transparent substrate, and the polymer film is subjected to retardation treatment or the like to impart retardation to the polymer film to form a retardation film, and then the retardation film is used as the transparent substrate 1. You can use In addition, the method of providing retardation to a transparent base material (polymer film) is demonstrated later.

In the said polymer film, when providing retardation property, since it is easy to control the retardation value, the film (cellulose ester film, cyclic olefin resin film) which consists of cellulose ester or cyclic olefin resin is preferable. Hereinafter, these 2 types of polymer films are explained in full detail.

As for the cellulose ester which comprises a cellulose-ester film, at least one part of the hydroxyl group contained in a cellulose is esterified. The cellulose ester film which consists of such cellulose esters can be obtained easily in a market. As a commercially available triacetyl cellulose film, For example, "Fuji tag film" (Fuji Shashin Film Co., Ltd.); "KC8UX2M", "KC8UY", "KC4UY" (Konica Minolta Opt Co., Ltd.), etc. are mentioned. Such a commercial cellulose ester film (triacetyl cellulose film) can be used as a transparent base material after providing retardation as it is or as needed. Moreover, it can be used as the transparent base material 1, after surface-treating, such as an anti-glare process, a hard-coat process, an antistatic process, and an anti-reflective process, on the surface of the prepared transparent base material.

In order to provide retardation to a polymer film, it is based on methods, such as extending | stretching the said polymer film, as mentioned above. Although all the polymer films which consist of plastics, ie, a thermoplastic resin, can be extended | stretched, a cyclic olefin resin film is preferable at the point that it is easy to control retardation. The cyclic olefin resin constituting the cyclic olefin resin film is composed of a polymer or copolymer (cyclic olefin resin) of cyclic olefins such as norbornene and polycyclic norbornene monomer, and is the cyclic olefin resin. May partially include a ring opening. Moreover, you may hydrogenate cyclic olefin resin containing a ring-opening part. Further, the cyclic olefin resin may be a copolymer of, for example, a cyclic olefin and a chain olefin or vinylated aromatic compound (styrene, etc.) in that it does not significantly impair transparency or does not significantly increase hygroscopicity. In addition, the cyclic olefin resin may have a polar group introduced into the molecule.

When the cyclic olefin resin is a copolymer of a cyclic olefin and an aromatic compound having a chain olefin or a vinyl group, the chain olefin is ethylene or propylene, and the vinylated aromatic compound is styrene, α-methyl styrene, and alkyl substituted styrene. And so on. In such a copolymer, the content rate of the structural unit derived from cyclic olefin is 50 mol% or less, for example, about 15-50 mol% with respect to the total structural units of cyclic olefin resin. In the case where the cyclic olefin resin is a ternary copolymer obtained from a cyclic olefin, a chain olefin, and a vinylated aromatic compound, the content ratio of the structural unit derived from the chain olefin is, for example, 5 to the total structural units of the cyclic olefin resin. It is about -80 mol%, and the content rate of the structural unit derived from a vinylated aromatic compound is about 5-80 mol%. The cyclic olefin resin of such a terpolymer has the advantage that the usage-amount of expensive cyclic olefin can be made comparatively small, when manufacturing the said cyclic olefin resin.

The cyclic olefin resin which can manufacture a cyclic olefin resin film can be obtained easily in a market. Examples of commercially available cyclic olefin resins include "Topas" [Ticona (Germany)]; "ARTON" [JSR Corporation]; "ZEONOR" and "ZEONEX" (Nihon Xeon Corporation); "Apel" (made by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.), etc. are mentioned. Such cyclic olefin resin can be formed into a film (cyclic olefin resin film) by well-known film forming means, such as a solvent casting method and a melt-extrusion method, for example. Moreover, the cyclic olefin resin film already marketed in film form can also be used. Examples of such commercially available cyclic olefin resin film include "Escena" and "SCA40" (Sekisuga Chemical Co., Ltd.); "Zeonoa film" [Optes Co., Ltd.]; "Aton film" [JSR Corporation] etc. are mentioned. In addition, all what is described in "" is a brand name here, and it does similarly below.

Next, the method to give retardation property to a polymer film is demonstrated easily. The polymer film can impart retardation by a known stretching method. For example, a roll (winding body) in which a polymer film is wound on a roll is prepared, the film is unwound continuously from such a winding body, and the unwinded film is conveyed to a heating furnace. The setting temperature of a heating furnace is the range of the glass transition temperature vicinity (degreeC)-[glass transition temperature +100] (degreeC) of a polymer film, Preferably, it is near glass transition temperature (degreeC)-[glass transition temperature +50] (degreeC). We assume range of). In the said heating furnace, when extending | stretching in the advancing direction of a film or the direction orthogonal to a advancing direction, the conveyance direction and tension are adjusted, and it inclines at arbitrary angles, and carries out the uniaxial or biaxial thermal stretching process. The magnification of stretching is usually in the range of about 1.1 to 6 times, and preferably in the range of about 1.1 to 3.5 times. Moreover, the method of extending | stretching in an oblique direction is not specifically limited as long as it can continuously incline an orientation axis | shaft to a desired angle, A well-known extending | stretching method can be employ | adopted. Examples of such stretching methods include methods described in JP-A-50-83482 and JP-A 2-113920.

In using it as the transparent base material 1, the thickness of a polymer film is the weight of the grade which can be practically handled, and in the point which can ensure sufficient transparency, although thinner is preferable, when it is too thin, strength falls This tends to be inferior in workability. Therefore, the suitable thickness of these films is about 5-300 micrometers, for example, Preferably it is 20-200 micrometers. When using this polarizing element as a circularly-polarizing plate mentioned later, since the display apparatus using this circularly-polarizing plate is assumed to be a mobile use, about 20-100 micrometers is especially preferable for the thickness of a film. On the other hand, when providing retardation to a film by extending | stretching, the thickness after extending | stretching is determined according to the thickness and the draw ratio of the film before extending | stretching.

In step A1, by forming the photoalignment layer 2 on the above-described transparent substrate 1, the first laminate 101 having the transparent substrate 1 and the photoalignment layer 2, preferably the transparent substrate The 1st laminated body 101 by which (1) and the optical orientation layer 2 were laminated | stacked is formed. On the other hand, when the transparent base material 1 is subjected to surface treatment such as hard coat treatment, the optical alignment layer may be formed on the surface opposite to the surface treated surface.

<Optical alignment layer>

In forming a photo-alignment layer, first, the composition (henceforth "the composition for photo-alignment layer formation") containing the polymer and solvent which have a photoreactive group is prepared. A photoreactive group means the group which produces liquid crystal aligning ability by irradiating light (light irradiation). In the present invention, the photoreactive group specifically causes photoreaction to be the origin of liquid crystal alignment ability, such as orientation organic or isomerization reaction, dimerization reaction, photocrosslinking reaction or photolysis reaction of polymer molecules produced by irradiation with light. . Among these photoreactive groups, a dimerization reaction or a photocrosslinking reaction is used, which is excellent in orientation and is preferable in that the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound maintains a smectic liquid crystal state at the time of forming a polarizing layer described later. As a photoreactive group which can cause the above reaction, it is preferable to have an unsaturated bond, especially a double bond, a carbon-carbon double bond (C = C bond), a carbon-nitrogen double bond (C = N bond), nitrogen Particularly preferred are groups having at least one selected from the group consisting of -nitrogen double bonds (N = N bonds) and carbon-oxygen double bonds (C = O bonds).

As a photoreactive group which has a C = C bond, a vinyl group, a polyene group, a stilbene group, a stilazole group, a stilbazolium group, a chalcone group, a cinnamoyl group, etc. are mentioned, for example. As photoreactive group which has a C = N bond, group which has structures, such as an aromatic sheep base and an aromatic hydrazone, is mentioned. As a photoreactive group which has N = N bond, what has a basic structure of an azobenzene group, an azonaphthalene group, an aromatic heterocyclic azo group, a bis azo group, a formazan group, etc., and an azo benzene is mentioned. As a photoreactive group which has a C = O bond, a benzophenone group, a coumarin group, an anthraquinone group, a maleimide group, etc. are mentioned. These groups may have substituents, such as an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, an allyloxy group, a cyano group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a hydroxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, and a halogenated alkyl group.

Among them, a photoreactive group capable of causing a photodimerization reaction is preferable, and a cinnamoyl group and a chalcone group have a relatively small amount of polarization irradiation required for optical alignment, and an optical alignment layer having excellent thermal stability and stability over time. It is preferable because it can be easily obtained. In other words, as the polymer having a photoreactive group, one having a cinnamoyl group in which the terminal portion of the polymer side chain becomes a cinnamic acid structure is particularly preferable.

Particularly preferred polymers having photoreactive groups are polymers having side groups represented by formula (A '), for example, in view of easily obtaining an alignment layer that realizes the ease of handling of the composition for forming an optical alignment layer and a highly durable orientation. (Hereinafter, referred to as "polymer (A ')" in some cases).

In the formula (A '),

n represents 0 or 1.

X ¹ represents a single bond, —O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —N═N—, —CH═CH— or —CH ₂ —.

Y ¹ represents a single bond or -0-.

R ¹ and R ² each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

* Indicates the number of bonds to the polymer backbone.]

Formula (A ') In, X ¹ is a single bond, -O-, -COO-, -OCO-, -N = N-, -C = C- and -CH ₂ in the - as long as any one of, the polymer (A' ) Is particularly preferred because it facilitates the manufacture thereof.

In formula (A '), R <^1> and R <^2> is respectively independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a halogenated alkyl group, a halogenated alkoxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, allyloxy group, and alkoxy It may represent a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, an amino group, or a hydroxyl group, and the said carboxyl group and the said sulfonic acid group may form the salt with alkali metal ion. Among these, R ¹ and R ² are each more preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. A methyl group, an ethyl group, a butyl group, etc. are mentioned as said alkyl group, A methoxy group, an ethoxy group, butoxy group, etc. are mentioned as said alkoxy group.

Although the main chain of a polymer (A ') is not specifically limited, (meth) acrylic acid ester unit represented by a formula (M-1) or a formula (M-2); (Meth) acrylamide units represented by formula (M-3) or (M-4); Vinyl ether units represented by formula (M-5) or (M-6); Composed of (methyl) styrene units represented by the formula (M-7) or (M-8) and vinyl ester units represented by the formula (M-9) or (M-10). It is preferable if the polymer (A) has a main chain, and it is more preferable if the polymer (A ') has the main chain which consists of a unit selected from the group which consists of a (meth) acrylic acid ester unit and a (meth) acrylamide unit especially, Do. In addition, the "main chain of a polymer (A ')" here means the longest molecular chain among the molecular chains which a polymer (A') has.

The unit represented by any of formulas (M-1) to (M-10) and the group represented by formula (A ') may be bonded directly or may be bonded via an appropriate linking group. As this coupling group, a bivalent which may have a carbonyloxy group (ester bond), an oxygen atom (ether bond), an imide group, a carbonylimino group (amide bond), an iminocarbonylimino group (urethane bond), and a substituent The divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have an aliphatic hydrocarbon group and a substituent, and the bivalent group formed by combining these are mentioned. Specific examples of the divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent include a phenylene group, 2-methoxy-1,4-phenylene group, 3-methoxy-1,4-phenylene group, and 2-ethoxy-1,4 -Phenylene group, 3-ethoxy-1,4-phenylene group, 2,3,5-trimethoxy-l, 4-phenylene group, etc. are mentioned. Among these, the linking group is preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and more preferably an alkanediyl group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. On the other hand, as such an alkanediyl group, a methylene group, an ethylene group, trimethylene group, tetramethylene group, pentamethylene group, hexamethylene group, heptamethylene group, octamethylene group, nonamethylene group, decamethylene group, and undecamethylene group Etc., These may be linear or branched chain. In addition, such an alkanediyl group may have a substituent. This substituent is a C1-C4 alkoxy group etc., for example.

In other words, as a structural unit which has group represented by Formula (A '), what is represented by Formula (A) (henceforth called "structural unit (A)", and includes the structural unit (A) The polymer is referred to as "polymer (A)".

[Formula (A),

X ¹ , Y ¹ , R ¹ , R ² and n are synonymous with formula (A '),

S1 is a C1-C11 alkanediyl group,

The structure represented by is a structure represented by any one of formulas (M-1) to (M-10).]

The molecular weight of a polymer (A ') or a polymer (A) is represented by the weight average molecular weight of polystyrene conversion calculated | required, for example by gel permeation (GPC method), and the range of 1 * 10 <^3> -1 * 10 <^7> is preferable. However, when molecular weight becomes high too much, since the solubility to a solvent falls and preparation of the composition for oriented film formation becomes difficult, and since there exists a tendency for the sensitivity to light irradiation to fall, it is the range of 1 * 10 <^4> -1 * 10 <^6> . Is preferred.

In addition to the structural unit (A), the polymer (A) may have a structural unit represented by Formula (B) (hereinafter, referred to as "structural unit (B)" in some cases).

[Formula (B),

m represents 0 or 1;

S ² represents an alkanediyl group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms.

The structure represented by is a structure represented by any one of formulas (M-1) to (M-10).]

X ² represents a single bond, —O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —N═N—, —CH═CH— or —CH ₂ —.

Y ¹ represents a single bond or -0-.

R ³ and R ⁴ each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.]

In the formula (B), examples of the S ² example is the same as the embodiments of S ¹ of the formula (A), R ³ and specific examples of the alkyl group and the alkoxy group of R ⁴ is R ¹ in each of formula (A) And the same as the specific example of R ² .

When the mole fractions of the structural unit (A) and the structural unit (B) with respect to the total structural units of the polymer (A) are p and q (p + q is 1), 0.25 <p≤1 and 0≤q < It is preferable to satisfy the relationship of 0.75. [In this case, when the polymer (A) has the structural unit (A) and p is 1, it means that the polymer (A) is a polymer composed of the structural unit (A). 1 type or 2 types or more of the said structural unit (A) may be sufficient as the polymer which consists of a structural unit (A).]. However, the polymer (A) is a structural unit (hereinafter referred to as "other structural unit" in some cases) other than the structural unit (A) and the structural unit (B) as long as the orientation ability by light irradiation is not impaired remarkably. You may have it.

Polymer (A) can be manufactured by (co) polymerizing the monomer which guides a structural unit (A), and the monomer which guides a structural unit (B) and another structural unit as needed. The addition polymerization method is usually employed for the (co) polymerization, and examples of such addition polymerization include chain polymerization such as radical polymerization, anionic polymerization and cationic polymerization, and coordination polymerization. Polymerization conditions are set so as to satisfy the molecular weight of the above-mentioned preferable polymer (A) according to the kind and quantity of the monomer to be used.

As mentioned above, although polymer (A) was mentioned above as a preferable thing among the polymer which has a photoreactive group, the composition for orientation layer formation is prepared by melt | dissolving the polymer (preferably polymer (A)) which has the said photoreactive group in a suitable solvent. Such a solvent can be appropriately selected from the range in which the polymer having the photoreactive group can be dissolved and a composition for forming an alignment layer having an appropriate viscosity can be obtained. For example, methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, propylene Alcohol solvents such as glycol, ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, and propylene glycol monomethyl ether; Ester solvents such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate, γ-butyrolactone or propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and ethyl lactate; Ketone solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, 2-heptanone, and methyl isobutyl ketone; Aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane and heptane; Nitrile solvents, such as aromatic hydrocarbon solvents, such as toluene and xylene, and acetonitrile; Ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and dimethoxyethane; Chlorine-containing solvents such as chloroform and chlorobenzene; Amide solvents, such as N-methylpyrrolidone, N, N- dimethylformamide, (gamma) -butyrolactone, and dimethylacetamide, etc. are mentioned. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The concentration of the polymer having a photoreactive group with respect to the composition for forming the photo-alignment layer can be appropriately adjusted depending on the type of the polymer or the thickness of the photo-alignment layer 2 of the present polarizing element 100 to be produced. It is preferable to represent it as a density | concentration and to be at least 0.2 mass%, and the range of 0.3-10 mass% is especially preferable. In addition, the composition for forming the alignment layer may contain a polymer material such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyimide or a photosensitizer in a range in which the properties of the optical alignment layer 2 of the present polarizing element 100 are not significantly impaired. .

As a method of apply | coating the composition for optical orientation film formation on the transparent base material 1, coating methods, such as a spin coating method, the extrusion method, the gravure coating method, the die coating method, the bar coating method, and the applicator method, A well-known method, such as a printing method, such as a flexographic method, is employ | adopted. Moreover, when performing this polarizing element manufacture by the continuous manufacturing method of the Roll-to-Roll type mentioned later, the coating method is a printing method, such as the gravure coating method, the die-coating method, or the flexographic method, normally.

<Step A2>

Again, process A2 of this manufacturing method A is demonstrated with reference to FIG.

In said step A2, by drying the first coating film formed on the transparent substrate 1 by the step A1, the solvent (the solvent used in the composition for forming the photo-alignment layer) included in the first coating film is dried and removed. It is a process of forming the 1st dry film 2A on the said transparent base material 1, and obtaining the 1st laminated body 101. FIG. In the drying removal of this solvent, after drying a solvent by heating the said 1st laminated body to moderate temperature (heating method), or after enclosing the said 1st laminated body 101 in a suitable pressure-resistant container, By carrying out a pressure reduction state, it can carry out by drying a solvent (pressure reduction method), ventilation drying (ventilation method), natural drying, or combining these methods. Moreover, when performing manufacture of this polarizing element by the continuous type of the Roll to Roll type mentioned later, a heating method is employ | adopted normally. By drying and removing a solvent, the said 1st coating film is inverted to the said 1st dry film 2A, and the 1st laminated body 101 can be obtained.

The thickness of 2 A of 1st dry films of the 1st laminated body 101 obtained in this way is determined so that the orientation layer 2 obtained by process A3 mentioned later may become desired thickness. The thickness of the alignment layer 2 is, for example, 10 nm to 10000 nm, preferably 10 nm to 1000 nm. The thickness of the predetermined orientation layer 2 can be controlled by adjusting solid content concentration of the composition for photo-alignment layer formation, and the application | coating conditions with respect to the transparent base material 1 of the composition for photo-alignment layer formation in the said process A1. .

<Step A3>

Subsequently, by irradiating polarizing UV (polarization ultraviolet-ray) to 2 A of 1st dry films of the said 1st laminated body 101, the polymer which has a photoreactive group contained in the 1st dry film 2A is orientated, The 2nd laminated body 102 is formed by providing a liquid-crystal orientation capability (henceforth "photo-alignment operation"). In the photo-alignment operation, in order to irradiate the polarized UV to the first dry film 2A, the form of irradiating the polarized UV directly on the first dry film 2A side of the first laminate (FIG. 3 (A) Even in the form (A) shown in ()), polarized UV is irradiated to the said transparent base material 1 side of a said 1st laminated body, and polarized UV is transmitted to the transparent base material 1, and a polarized UV is made into a 1st dry film The form to be irradiated to (2A) (form (B) shown to FIG. 3 (B)) may be sufficient. In either of these forms, the polarized UV to be irradiated may be either linearly polarized UV or elliptically polarized UV, but in order to efficiently perform optical alignment operation, an elliptical polarized UV close to linearly polarized light or a linearly polarized UV with high extinction ratio is used. It is preferable to use. Moreover, it is especially preferable that the said polarization UV is substantially parallel light. However, when performing a photo-alignment operation by the model (B), the higher the transparency is, the more preferable the transparent base material 1 in the 1st laminated body 101 to be used is preferable.

It is preferable that the polarization UV to irradiate is a wavelength range in which the photoreactive group of the polymer which has a photoreactive group contained in the said 1st dry film can absorb light energy. For example, like the polymer (A '), when the photoreactive group is a cinnamoyl group, UV (ultraviolet) in the wavelength range of 250 to 400 nm is particularly preferable. As a light source used for a photo-alignment operation, Xenon lamp; High pressure mercury lamps; Ultra-high pressure mercury lamps; Metal halide lamps; Ultraviolet light lasers, such as KrF and ArF, etc. are mentioned. When the polymer (A ') which has cinnamoyl group as a photoreactive group is used, the high pressure mercury lamp and the ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp metal halide lamp are preferable for the light source which uses the photo-alignment operation. This is because these lamps have a large emission intensity of ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 313 nm. When the light from the light source passes through the appropriate polarizer 200 and then is irradiated to the first laminate, polarized UV is irradiated onto the first laminate. As such a polarizer 200, a polarizing prism such as a polarization filter, a Glan-Thompson, a Glan-Taylor, or a polarizer of a wire grid type can be used.

As mentioned above, although the said optical orientation operation was demonstrated with reference to FIG. 3, in order to irradiate polarization UV to the said 1st laminated body 101, as shown in FIG. 3, the surface direction of the said 1st laminated body 101 is shown. It is not necessarily necessary that the irradiation direction of polarized UV is substantially perpendicular to, and the irradiation direction of polarized UV may be oblique with respect to the surface direction of the first laminate 101. The irradiation direction of polarized light UV with respect to the surface direction of the said 1st laminated body 101 is determined so that the optical alignment layer 2 obtained according to the kind of light source, polarizer, etc. used for photo-alignment operation may have a desired absorption axis.

<Step A4>

Steps A4 to A6 of the present production method A form a polarizing layer 3 on the optical alignment layer 2 of the second laminate 102 obtained through the step A3.

The polarizing layer which this polarizing element has is formed by the same method as mentioned above. Although it repeats, this method is demonstrated. First, the composition (henceforth "the composition for polarizing layer formation") containing a polymeric smear liquid crystal compound, a dichroic dye, and a solvent is prepared. In process A4, the said polarizing layer formation composition is apply | coated on the said orientation layer 2, and a 2nd coating film is formed.

First, the structural component of the said polarizing layer formation composition is demonstrated.

The polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound contained in the said composition for polarizing layer formation is a compound which has a polymeric group and shows the smectic liquid-crystal state. A polymerizable group means group which participates in the polymerization reaction of the said polymeric smear liquid crystal compound.

It is preferable that the liquid crystal state which the said polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound shows is a high-order smetic phase. The higher order Smetic image here is Smetic B phase, Smetic D phase, Smetic E phase, Smetic F phase, Smetic G phase, Smetic H phase, Smetic I phase, Smetic J phase, Sm It is a medicinal K phase and the Smetic L phase, Among these, the Smetic B phase, the Smetic F phase, the Smear I phase, the inclined Smematic F phase, and the inclined Smetic I phase are preferable, and the Smetic B phase is more preferable. Do. By the liquid crystal state represented by a polymeric smetic liquid crystal compound, this polarizing element which has a polarizing layer with high orientation order degree is manufactured.

As a preferable polymeric polymeric liquid crystal composition, the compound (henceforth called "compound (1)" as follows) is mentioned, for example.

U ¹ -V ¹ -W ¹ -X ¹⁰ -Y ¹⁰ -X ²⁰ -Y ²⁰ -X ³⁰ -W ² -V ² -U ² (1)

In formula (1),

X ¹⁰ , X ²⁰ and X ³⁰ independently represent a cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group which may have a p-phenylene group or a substituent which may have a substituent. Provided that at least one of X ¹ , X ² and X ³ is a p-phenylene group which may have a substituent.

Y ¹⁰ and Y ²⁰ are independently of each other -CH ₂ CH _2- , -CH ₂ O-, -COO-, -OCOO-, single bond, -N = N-, -CR ^a = CR ^b- , -C≡ C- or -CR ^a = N-. R ^a and R ^b independently of one another represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

U ¹ represents a hydrogen atom or a polymerizable group.

U ² represents a polymerizable group.

W ¹ and W ² independently represent a single bond, -O-, -S-, -COO- or -OCOO-.

V ¹ and V ² each independently represent an alkanediyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and -CH ₂ -constituting the alkanediyl group is substituted with -O-, -S- or -NH-. It may be done.]

In the compound (1), as described above, at least one of X ¹⁰ , X ²⁰ and X ³⁰ may be a 1,4-phenylene group which may have a substituent, but at least two of these may have a substituent. It is preferable that it is a p-phenylene group.

It is preferable that the said p-phenylene group is unsubstituted. It is preferable that the said cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group is a trans-cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group, and it is more preferable that this trans-cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group is unsubstituted.

As a substituent which said p-phenylene group or the said cyclohexane-1, 4-diyl group arbitrarily has, C1-C4 alkyl groups, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a butyl group; Cyano group; Halogen atom etc. are mentioned. In addition, -CH ₂ -constituting the cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group may be substituted with -O-, -S- or -NR-. R is a C1-C6 alkyl group or a phenyl group.

Y ¹⁰ of the compound (1) is preferably -CH ₂ CH _2- , -COO- or a single bond, and Y ²⁰ is preferably -CH ₂ CH ₂ -or -CH ₂ O-.

U ² is a polymerizable group. U ¹ is a hydrogen atom or a polymerizable group, and preferably a polymerizable group. That is, it is preferable if U <^1> and U <^2> are a polymerizable group together, and it is preferable that it is a photopolymerizable group together. Here, photopolymerizable group means group which can participate in a polymerization reaction by active radical, acid, etc. which generate | occur | produced from the photoinitiator mentioned later. The use of the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound having a photopolymerizable group is also advantageous in that the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound can be polymerized under lower temperature conditions.

In compound (1), although the photopolymerizable groups of U <^1> and U <^2> may mutually differ, it is preferable that they are the same kind of group. Examples of the photopolymerizable group include vinyl group, vinyloxy group, 1-chlorovinyl group, isopropenyl group, 4-vinylphenyl group, acryloyloxy group, methacryloyloxy group, oxiranyl group, oxetanyl group and the like. . Especially, acryloyloxy group, methacryloyloxy group, vinyloxy group, oxiranyl group, and oxetanyl group are preferable, and acryloyloxy group is more preferable.

As the alkanediyl group of V ¹ and V ² , a methylene group, an ethylene group, propane-1,3-diyl group, butane-1,3-diyl group, butane-1,4-diyl group, pentane-1,5- Diyl group, hexane-1,6-diyl group, heptane-1,7-diyl group, octane-1,8-diyl group, decane-1,10-diyl group, tetradecane-1,14-diyl group and eco And acid-1,20-diyl groups. V ¹ and V ² are preferably alkanediyl groups having ² to 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably alkanediyl groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.

Examples of the substituent which the alkanediyl group optionally has include a cyano group and a halogen atom. The alkanediyl group is preferably unsubstituted, and more preferably an unsubstituted and linear alkanediyl group.

W ¹ and W ² are independently of each other, preferably a single bond or -O-.

As compound (1), the compound etc. which are represented by any of formula (1-1)-formula (1-23) are mentioned. When the specific example of such compound (1) has a cyclohexane-1, 4-diyl group, it is preferable that this cyclohexane-1, 4-diyl group is a trans body.

Illustrative compound (1) can be used individually or in mixture of 2 or more types, and for the composition for polarizing layer formation. Moreover, the form whose at least 1 type is compound (1) among these 2 or more types of polymerizable smear compounds may be used using 2 or more types of polymerizable smear compounds. In the following description, the case where a single type polymeric polymer liquid crystal compound is used and the case where two or more types of polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compounds are used are called generically and it may be called "polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound."

When using compound (1) for the composition for polarizing layer formation, the phase transition temperature of compound (1) is calculated | required in advance, and the said compound (1) can superpose | polymerize under the temperature conditions below that phase transition temperature of the composition for polarizing layer formation Components other than compound (1) [polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound] are adjusted. As a component which can control such polymerization temperature, the photoinitiator, the photosensitizer, the polymerization inhibitor, etc. which are mentioned later are mentioned. The polymerization temperature of compound (1) can be controlled by suitably adjusting these types and amounts. Moreover, even when using the mixture of 2 or more types of compound (1) [polymerizable smear liquid crystal composition] in the composition for polarizing layer formation, after obtaining the phase transition temperature of the mixture of 2 or more types of compounds (1), it is polymerizable. The polymerization temperature is controlled in the same manner as in the case of the smect liquid crystal compound.

Among the exemplified compounds (1), Formula (1-2), Formula (1-3), Formula (1-4), Formula (1-6), Formula (1-7), and Formula (1-8), respectively. At least 1 sort (s) chosen from the group which is represented by Formula (1-13), Formula (1-14), and Formula (1-15) is preferable. These compounds (1) can obtain a supercooled state by mixing or by interacting with the photopolymerization initiator used together, under temperature conditions that are easily below the phase transition temperature, i.e., sufficiently maintaining a high degree of liquid crystal state of the higher smetic phase. Therefore, the compound (1) can be polymerized. More specifically, by the interaction with a photoinitiator, these compounds (1) are made to superpose | polymerize, fully maintaining the higher-order smectic liquid-crystal state under the temperature conditions of 70 degrees C or less, Preferably it is 60 degrees C or less. Can be.

As described above, the compound (1) contained in the composition for forming a polarizing layer may be a single sheet or a plurality of sheets, but it is preferable that they are plural kinds.

70-99.9 mass% is preferable with respect to solid content of the said polarizing layer formation composition, and, as for the content rate of the compound (1) in the said composition for polarizing layer formation, 90-99.9 mass% is more preferable. If the content ratio of compound (1) is within the above range, the orientation of compound (1) tends to be increased. Here, solid content means the total amount of the component except volatile components, such as a solvent, in the said composition for polarizing layer formation. Moreover, when several types of compound (1) is contained in the said composition for polarizing layer formation, the total content ratio should just be the said range.

It is preferable that the said composition for polarizing layer formation contains a leveling agent. The said leveling agent has a function which adjusts the fluidity | liquidity of a polymeric smear liquid crystal compound, and makes the said 1st coating film obtained by apply | coating the composition for polarizing layer formation more flatly, and surfactant etc. are mentioned. As for the said leveling agent, at least 1 sort (s) selected from the group which consists of a leveling agent which has a polyacrylate compound as a main component, and a leveling agent which has a fluorine atom containing compound as a main component is more preferable.

As a leveling agent mainly containing a polyacrylate compound, "BYK-350", "BYK-352", "BYK-353", "BYK-354", "BYK-355", "BYK-358N", "BYK -361N "," BYK-380 "," BYK-381 ", and" BYK-392 "[BYK Chemie Corporation].

Examples of the leveling agent mainly containing a fluorine atom-containing compound include "Mega Park R-08", "R-30", "R-90", "F-410", "F-411", and " F-443 ", East" F-445 ", East" F-470 ", East" F-471 ", East" F-477 ", East" F-479 ", East" F-482 "and East" F -483 "[DIC Corporation]; "Surflon S-381", copper "S-382", copper "S-383", copper "S-393", copper "SC-101", copper "SC-105", "KH-40" and "SA -100 "[AGC Seiko Chemical Co., Ltd.]; "E1830", "E5844" [Daikin Fine Chemicals Gensho Co., Ltd.]; "E-top EF301", the "EF303", the "EF351", and the "EF352" [Misubishimaterialden Shigasei Co., Ltd.] etc. are mentioned.

When it contains a leveling agent in the said composition for polarizing layer formation, 0.3 mass part or more and 5 mass parts or less are preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of polymeric liquid crystal compounds, and 0.5 mass part or more and 3 mass parts or less are furthermore. desirable. When content of a leveling agent is in the said range, it is easy to horizontally align a polymeric smear liquid crystal compound, and there exists a tendency for the polarizing layer obtained to become smoother. When content of the leveling agent with respect to a polymeric smear liquid crystal compound exceeds the said range, it exists in the tendency for a stain to occur easily to the polarizing layer obtained. Moreover, the said composition for polarizing layer formation may contain two or more types of leveling agents.

The composition for forming a polarizing layer contains a dichroic dye. The dichroic dye as used herein refers to a dye having a property in which the absorbance in the major axis direction of the molecule and the absorbance in the minor axis direction are different. If it has such a property, a dichroic dye will not be restrict | limited in particular, A dye or a pigment may be sufficient. A plurality of dyes may be used, a plurality of pigments may be used, or a dye and a pigment may be combined.

It is preferable that the said dichroic dye has maximum absorption wavelength ((lambda) MAX) in the range of 300-700 nm. As such a dichroic dye, an acridine pigment, an oxazine pigment, a cyanine pigment, a naphthalene pigment, an azo pigment, an anthraquinone pigment, etc. are mentioned, for example, Azo pigment is especially preferable. As an azo dye, a monoazo pigment | dye, a bis azo pigment | dye, a tris azo pigment | dye, a tetrakis azo pigment | dye, a stilbenazo pigment | dye, etc. are mentioned, Preferably, it is a bis azo pigment | dye and a tris azo pigment | dye.

Examples of the azo dye include compounds represented by the formula (2) (hereinafter referred to as "compound (2)" in some cases).

A ¹ (-N = NA ² ) _p -N = NA ³ (2)

[In formula (2), A <^1> and A <^3> represent the monovalent heterocyclic group which may independently have a substituent, and may have a phenyl group which may have a substituent, a naphthyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent. A ² represents a p-phenylene group which may have a substituent, a naphthalene-1,4-diyl group which may have a substituent, or a divalent heterocyclic group which may have a substituent. p represents the integer of 1-4. When p is an integer of 2 or more, a plurality of A ² may be the same as or different from each other.]

Examples of the monovalent heterocyclic group include groups in which one hydrogen atom is removed from heterocyclic compounds such as quinoline, thiazole, benzothiazole, thienothiazole, imidazole, benzoimidazole, oxazole and benzoxazole. In the heterocyclic compound, a group excluding two hydrogen atoms corresponds to a divalent heterocyclic group, and specific examples of such a heterocyclic compound are as described above.

As a substituent which a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and a monovalent heterocyclic group in A <^1> and A <^3> and a p-phenylene group, a naphthalene-1,4-diyl group, and a bivalent heterocyclic group in A <^2> arbitrarily have, C1-C4 An alkyl group; Alkoxy groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group and a butoxy group; C1-C4 alkyl fluoride groups, such as a trifluoromethyl group; Cyano group; A nitro group; Halogen atom: Substituted or unsubstituted amino groups, such as an amino group, a diethylamino group, and a pyrrolidino group (A substituted amino group is an amino group which has one or two alkyl groups of 1-6 carbon atoms, or two substituted alkyl groups couple | bond with each other, and has 2 carbon atoms. means an amino group which forms an alkanediyl group of to 8. unsubstituted amino group may be mentioned is -NH _2.). In addition, the specific example of a C1-C6 alkyl group is the same as what was illustrated by the substituent which the phenylene group of compound (1) etc. have optionally.

Among the compounds (2), compounds represented by any of the following formulas (2-1) to (2-6) are preferable.

[In formulas (2-1) to (2-6),

B ^{1 to} B ²⁰ are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cyano group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group (a definition of a substituted amino group and an unsubstituted amino group is described above. One), a chlorine atom or a trifluoromethyl group.

n1, n2, n3 and n4 represent the integer of 0-3 each independently.

If more than n1 is 2, a plurality of B ² may be different even though the same or different,

When n2 is 2 or more, a plurality of B ⁶ may be the same as or different from each other,

When n3 is 2 or more, the plurality of B ⁹ may be the same as or different from each other,

When n4 is 2 or more, a plurality of B ¹⁴ may be the same as or different from each other.]

As said anthraquinone pigment | dye, the compound represented by Formula (2-7) is preferable.

In formula (2-7),

R ¹ to R ⁸ independently represent a hydrogen atom, —R ^x , —NH ₂ , —NHR ^x , —NR ^x ₂ —, —SR ^x or a halogen atom.

R ^x represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.]

As said acridine pigment, the compound represented by Formula (2-8) is preferable.

[Equation (2-8),

R ⁹ to R ¹⁵ each independently represent a hydrogen atom, -R ^x , -NH ₂ , -NHR ^x , -NR ^x ₂ , -SR ^x, or a halogen atom.

R ^x represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.]

As said oxazone pigment | dye, the compound represented by Formula (2-9) is preferable.

[Equation (2-9),

R ¹⁶ to R ²³ each independently represent a hydrogen atom, -R ^x , -NH ₂ , -NHR ^x , -NR ^x ₂ , -SR ^x, or a halogen atom.

R ^x represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.]

In above formula (2-7), formula (2-8), and formula (2-9), a C1-C6 alkyl group of R <^x> is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, and a hexyl group And the aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include phenyl group, toluyl group, xylyl group, naphthyl group and the like.

As said cyanine pigment | dye, the compound represented by Formula (2-10) and the compound represented by Formula (2-11) are preferable.

[Equation (2-10),

D ¹ and D ² independently represent a group represented by any one of formulas (2-10a) to (2-10d).

n5 represents an integer of 1 to 3.]

In formula (2-11),

D ³ and D ⁴ independently represent a group represented by any one of formulas (2-11a) to (2-11h).

n6 represents an integer of 1 to 3.]

Although content of a dichroic dye in the said composition for polarizing layer formation can be adjusted suitably according to the kind of dichroic dye, etc., For example, 0.1 mass part or more and 50 mass part with respect to 100 mass parts of total of a polymeric smear liquid crystal compound. Part or less is preferable, 0.1 mass part or more and 20 mass parts or less are more preferable, 0.1 mass part or more and 10 mass parts or less are further more preferable. If content of a dichroic dye exists in this range, the said polymeric smear liquid crystal compound can be polymerized, without disturbing the orientation of a polymeric smect liquid crystal compound. When there is too much content of a dichroic dye, there exists a possibility of inhibiting the orientation of a polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound. Therefore, content of a dichroic dye can also be determined in the range which a polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound can maintain the liquid crystal state of higher order smectic phase.

The said composition for polarizing layer formation contains a solvent. The solvent can be appropriately selected in consideration of the solubility of the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound to be used and the like. However, it is preferable that it is an inert solvent which does not disturb the progress of the polymerization reaction of the said polymeric smear liquid crystal compound significantly. As such a solvent, it is the same as what was illustrated as a solvent for the said composition for polarizing layer formation compositions. The solvent for preparing a composition for forming a polarizing layer may be used alone, or may be used in combination of two or more kinds.

As for content of a solvent, 50-98 mass% is preferable with respect to the total amount of the said composition for polarizing layer formation. In other words, 2-50 mass% of solid content is preferable in the composition for polarizing layer formation. When solid content is 2 mass% or more, the dichroism required as a polarizing layer which this polarizing element has can be obtained. On the other hand, when the said solid content is 50 mass% or less, since the viscosity of the composition for polarizing layer formation will become low, there exists a tendency for the said polarizing layer to become hard to produce | generate because the thickness of a polarizing layer becomes substantially uniform. In addition, such solid content can be determined so that the thickness of the polarizing layer mentioned later can be formed.

It is preferable that the said composition for polarizing layer formation contains a polymerization initiator. The polymerization initiator is a compound capable of initiating the polymerization reaction of the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound, and the photopolymerization initiator is preferable in that the polymerization reaction can be started under lower temperature conditions. Specifically, under this temperature condition, a compound capable of generating an active radical or an acid by the action of light is used as the photopolymerization initiator. It is more preferable to generate radicals by the action of light among the photopolymerization initiators.

As said photoinitiator, a benzoin compound, a benzophenone compound, an alkylphenone compound, an acylphosphine oxide compound, a triazine compound, an iodonium salt, a sulfonium salt, etc. are mentioned, for example.

Hereinafter, the specific example of this photoinitiator is given.

As a benzoin compound, benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether, etc. are mentioned, for example.

Examples of the benzophenone compound include benzophenone, methyl o-benzoylbenzoate, 4-phenylbenzophenone, 4-benzoyl-4'-methyldiphenylsulfide, 3,3 ', 4,4'-tetra (tert-butylper Oxycarbonyl) benzophenone, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzophenone, and the like.

Examples of the alkylphenone compound include diethoxyacetophenone, 2-methyl-2-morpholino-1- (4-methylthiophenyl) propan-1-one, and 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4 -Morpholinophenyl) butan-1-one, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, 1,2-diphenyl-2,2-dimethoxyethan-1-one, 2 -Hydroxy-2-methyl-1- [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] propan-1-one, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenylketone and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1- [ And oligomers of 4- (1-methylvinyl) phenyl] propan-1-one.

Examples of the acylphosphine oxide compound include 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phenylphosphine oxide, and the like.

Examples of the triazine compound include 2,4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6- (4-methoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine and 2,4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6- (4-methoxynaphthyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6- (4-methoxystyryl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2 , 4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6- [2- (5-methylfuran-2-yl) ethenyl] -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6 -[2- (furan-2-yl) ethenyl] -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6- [2- (4-diethylamino-2-methylphenyl ) Ethenyl] -1,3,5-triazine and 2,4-bis (trichloromethyl) -6- [2- (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) ethenyl] -1,3,5-tri Azine and the like.

A photoinitiator can also use what is readily available on the market. Commercially available photoinitiators include "Irgacure 907", "Irgacure 184", "Irgacure 651", "Irgacure 819", "Irgacure 250", "Irgacure 369") (Chiba Japan Co., Ltd.); "SEIKUOL BZ", "SEIKUOL Z", "SEIKUOL BEE" (Seikogagaku Co., Ltd.); "Kayacure BP100" (Nihon Kayaku Co., Ltd.); "Kayakure UVI-6992" (manufactured by Dausa); "ADEKA OPTOMER SP-152", "ADEKA OPTOMER SP-170" (ADEKA Co., Ltd.); "TAZ-A", "TAZ-PP" (Nippon Siebel Hegner); And "TAZ-104" (Sanwa Chemical Co., Ltd.).

When the said composition for polarizing layer formation contains a polymerization initiator, the content can be suitably adjusted according to the kind and quantity of the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound contained in the said composition for polarizing layer formation, For example, polymerizable 0.1-30 mass parts is preferable, as for content of the polymerization initiator with respect to a total of 100 mass parts of a smectic liquid crystal compound, 0.5-10 mass parts is more preferable, 0.5-8 mass parts is more preferable. If the content of the polymerizable initiator is within this range, the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound can be polymerized without disturbing the orientation of the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound. Can be.

When the composition for polarizing layer formation contains a photoinitiator, the composition for polarizing layer formation may contain a photosensitizer. As said photosensitizer, For example, xanthone compounds, such as xanthone and thioxanthone (for example, 2, 4- diethyl thioxanthone, 2-isopropyl thioxanthone, etc.); Anthracene compounds such as anthracene and an alkoxy group-containing anthracene (eg, dibutoxyanthracene, etc.); Phenothiazine, rubrene, and the like.

When the composition for polarizing layer formation contains a photoinitiator and a photosensitizer, the polymerization reaction of the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound contained in the said composition for polarizing layer formation can be promoted more. Although the usage-amount of such a photosensitizer can be suitably adjusted according to the kind and quantity of the photoinitiator and polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound to use together, For example, 0.1-100 mass parts with respect to a total of 100 mass parts of polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound is used. 30 mass parts is preferable, 0.5-10 mass parts is more preferable, 0.5-8 mass parts is more preferable.

Although it was demonstrated that the polymerization reaction of a polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound can be accelerated | stimulated by containing a photosensitizer in the said composition for polarizing layer formation, in order to advance the said polymerization reaction stably, it is superposed | polymerized in the said composition for polarizing film formation. You may also contain an inhibitor suitably. By containing a polymerization inhibitor, the progress of the polymerization reaction of a polymeric smear liquid crystal compound can be controlled.

As said polymerization inhibitor, a hydroquinone, an alkoxy group containing hydroquinone, an alkoxy group containing catechol (for example, butylcatechol etc.), pyrogallol, 2,2,6,6- tetramethyl-1- piperidinyloxy Radical supplements such as radicals; Thiophenols; (beta) -naphthylamine, (beta) -naphthol, etc. are mentioned.

When the polymerization inhibitor is contained in the composition for forming a polarizing layer, the content thereof can be appropriately adjusted depending on the type and amount of the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound to be used, the amount of the photosensitizer used, and the like. 0.1-30 mass parts is preferable, as for content of the polymerization inhibitor with respect to a total of 100 mass parts of a smectic liquid crystal compound, 0.5-10 mass parts is more preferable, 0.5-8 mass parts is more preferable. When content of a polymerization inhibitor exists in this range, since it can superpose | polymerize, without disturbing the orientation of the polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound contained in the said composition for polarizing layer formation, the said polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound is higher higher. It can superpose | polymerize in the state of maintaining the smectic-like liquid crystal state favorably.

The above-mentioned composition for polarizing layer formation is apply | coated on the said photo-alignment layer 2 of a said 2nd laminated board, and a 2nd coating film is obtained and the conditions in which the said polymeric smear liquid crystal compound contained in this 2nd coating film do not superpose | polymerize are carried out. The 2nd dry film 3A is formed by drying at. As a result, the third laminated body 103 can be obtained.

As a method (coating method) of apply | coating the said composition for polarizing film formation on the photo-alignment layer 2 of the said 1st laminated board, for example, in the said process A1, the said photo-alignment layer forming composition is apply | coated on the said transparent base material. The method similar to what was illustrated as a method of doing is mentioned.

<Step A5>

Subsequently, in process A5, a solvent is removed from this 2nd coating film by drying the said 2nd coating film of the said 2nd laminated board, and 2nd dry film 3A is formed. Although the method of removing a solvent can employ | adopt the method similar to the method demonstrated at the time of forming a 1st dry film from a 1st coating film in the said process A2 normally, the polymeric smear liquid crystal compound contained in a said 2nd coating film is Drying conditions are set so as not to polymerize.

<Step A6>

In step A6, the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound is polymerized while the liquid crystal state of the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound contained in the second dry film 3A is maintained as a smect liquid crystal (laminate 104). By doing so, the polarizing layer 3 is formed. In this laminated body 104, the layer which made the polymerizable smectic liquid crystalline compound in 3 A of 2nd dry films into the smudge-like liquid crystal state is called "layer 3B."

Set the liquid crystal state of the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound contained in the second dry film 3A as a smect liquid crystal state (hereinafter, referred to as a "smetic phase" or "smatic phase liquid crystal state"), In order to form the layer 3B, the second dry film may be kept at an appropriate temperature. In other words, the third laminate plate 103 provided with the second dry film may be kept at an appropriate temperature obtained from a phase transition temperature. . Moreover, in forming the layer 3B which becomes the liquid crystal state of a smear phase, the liquid crystal state of the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal composition contained in the said 2nd dry film 3A once is made into a nematic phase (nematic liquid crystal state). After that, it is preferable to transfer the nematic phase into a smetic phase. Thus, in order to form a smetic phase via a nematic phase, for example, the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound included in the second dry film is heated above the temperature at which the phase transitions to the liquid crystal state of the nematic phase, and then the polymerizable S The method in which a matic liquid crystal compound is cooled to a temperature at which a liquid crystal phase exhibits a smectic phase is adopted.

Polymeric smectic liquid crystal to be used when the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound in the second dry film is brought into a smect liquid crystal state, or the polymerizable smect liquid crystal compound is brought into a smect liquid crystal state via a nematic liquid crystal state. By measuring the phase-transition temperature of a compound, the conditions (heating conditions) which control a liquid crystal state can be calculated | required easily. The measurement conditions of this phase transition temperature measurement are demonstrated in the Example of this application.

When polymerizing the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound, a composition for forming a polarizing layer containing two or more polymerizable liquid crystal smectic compounds as the polymerizable smect liquid crystal compound is also used to maintain the liquid crystal state of the smectic phase satisfactorily. It is preferable to use. When the composition for polarizing layer formation which adjusted the content ratio of each polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound in the said polymeric cosmetic liquid crystal composition is used, after forming a liquid crystal state of a smectic phase via a nematic phase, a supercooled state will be temporarily changed. It is possible to form, and there is an advantage that it is easy to easily maintain a high degree of smectic liquid crystal state.

Here, after containing a photoinitiator in the said composition for polarizing layer formation and making the liquid crystal state of the polymeric smectic liquid crystal compound in a 2nd dry film into a smetic phase, the said superposition | polymerization is carried out, maintaining this liquid crystalline state. The method of photopolymerizing a sexual smetic liquid crystal compound is explained in full detail. In photopolymerization, as a light ray irradiated to a 2nd dry film, the kind of photoinitiator contained in the said 2nd dry film, or the kind of polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound (especially the photopolymerizer which the said polymeric smear liquid crystal compound has) Can be suitably carried out with light or an active electron beam selected from the group consisting of visible light, ultraviolet light and laser light. Among these, ultraviolet light is preferable because it is easy to control the progress of the polymerization reaction and that a device widely used in the art can be used as a device related to photopolymerization. Therefore, it is preferable to select the kind of the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound and the photopolymerization initiator contained in the composition for forming a polarizing layer so as to photopolymerize by ultraviolet light. In addition, when superposing | polymerizing, superposition | polymerization temperature can also be controlled by cooling a 2nd dry film by suitable cooling means with ultraviolet light irradiation. By employing such cooling means, even if the polymerization of the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound can be carried out at a lower temperature, even if the transparent base material 1 and the optical alignment layer 2 described above use relatively low heat resistance, There is also an advantage that the polarizing layer 3 can be appropriately formed. Moreover, when photopolymerizing, the patterned polarizing layer 3 can also be obtained by masking, image development, or the like.

By performing photopolymerization as described above, the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound is polymerized while maintaining the liquid crystal state of the smectic phase, preferably the higher order smectic phase as already exemplified, and the polarizing layer 3 is formed. Thus, the present polarizing element 100 can be obtained. The polarizing layer 3 obtained by superposing | polymerizing with a polymeric liquid crystal compound maintaining the liquid crystal state of a smetic phase, superposes | polymerizes a polymeric liquid crystal compound etc. with the conventional polarizing layer, ie, maintaining the liquid crystal state of a nematic phase, Compared with the obtained polarizing layer, there exists an advantage that much polarization performance is much higher.

The range of 0.5-10 micrometers is preferable, and, as for the thickness of the polarizing layer 3 formed in this way, the range of 0.5-3 micrometers is more preferable. Therefore, the thickness of a 2nd coating film is determined in consideration of the thickness of the polarizing layer 3 obtained. In addition, the thickness of the said polarizing layer 3 is calculated | required by the measurement of an interference film thickness meter, a laser microscope, or a stylus film thickness meter.

In addition, the polarizing layer 3 thus formed is particularly preferable as long as it can obtain a black peak in X-ray reflection measurement. As a polarizing layer 3 which can obtain such a black peak, the polarizing layer 3 which shows the diffraction peak derived from a hexatic phase or a crystalline phase is mentioned, for example. Moreover, the measurement conditions of such an X-ray reflection measurement, etc. are mentioned, for example.

<The continuous manufacturing method of this polarizing element>

As mentioned above, although the outline | summary of the manufacturing method (this manufacturing method A) of this polarizing element was demonstrated, when manufacturing this polarizing element commercially, the method which can manufacture this polarizing element continuously is calculated | required. This continuous manufacturing method is based on a roll to roll type, and is called "this manufacturing method B" depending on a case.

The present production method B is, for example,

The process of preparing the 1st roll by which a transparent base material is wound by the 1st core,

A step of continuously sending the transparent base material from the first roll,

Applying a composition containing a polymer having a photoreactive group and a solvent to continuously form a first coating film on the transparent substrate;

Drying and removing the solvent from the first coating film to form a first dry film on the transparent base material, and to continuously obtain a first laminate,

Irradiating the first dry film with polarized light UV to form an optical alignment layer having an orientation direction at an angle of approximately 45 ° with respect to the conveyance direction of the first laminate, and continuously obtaining a second laminate;

Applying a composition containing a polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound, a dichroic dye, and a solvent onto the photoalignment layer, and continuously forming a second coating film on the photoalignment layer;

By drying the said 2nd coating film on the conditions which the said polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound contained in the said 2nd coating film does not superpose | polymerize, a 2nd dry film is formed on the said optical alignment layer, and a 3rd laminated body is continuously Gaining process,

After making the said polymeric liquid crystal compound contained in a said 2nd dry film into a smect liquid crystal state, the said laminated body is polymerized by superposing | polymerizing the said polymerizable smect liquid crystal compound, maintaining the said smect liquid crystal state. A step of forming a polarizing layer having an absorption axis at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the conveying direction of

It has the process of winding up the polarizing element obtained continuously to the 2nd core, and obtaining a 2nd roll. Here, with reference to FIG. 4, the principal part of this manufacturing method B is demonstrated.

The 1st roll 210 by which the transparent base material is wound up by 210 A of 1st cores can be obtained easily in the market, for example. As a transparent base material available on the market in the form of such a roll, the film etc. which consist of a cellulose ester, cyclic olefin resin, polyethylene terephthalate, or polymethacrylic acid ester are mentioned among the transparent base materials already illustrated above. Moreover, in using this polarizing element as a circularly polarizing plate, the transparent base material to which retardation was previously provided can also be obtained easily in a market, For example, the retardation film which consists of a cellulose ester or cyclic olefin resin etc. is mentioned.

Subsequently, the transparent substrate is unwound from the first roll 210. The method of unwinding a transparent base material is performed by providing a suitable rotating means in the core 210A of the said 1st roll 210, and rotating the 1st roll 210 by the rotating means. Moreover, the form which installs a suitable auxiliary roll 300 in the direction which conveys a transparent base material from the 1st roll 210, and unwinds a transparent base material by the rotating means of this auxiliary roll 300 may be sufficient. In addition, both the 1st winding core 210A and the auxiliary roll 300 may be a form which unwinds a transparent base material, providing a suitable tension to a transparent base material by providing rotation means.

When the transparent base material unwound from the said 1st roll 210 passes through the coating apparatus 211A, the said composition for oriented film formation is apply | coated by the said coating apparatus 211A on the surface. As described above, the coating device 211A is a printing method such as a gravure coating method, a die coating method, a flexographic method, and the like in order to apply the composition for forming an alignment film continuously in this manner.

The film which passed through the coating apparatus 211A corresponds to the laminated body of the above-mentioned transparent base material and a 1st coating film. In this way, the transparent base material in which the 1st coating film was formed (stacked) is conveyed to the drying furnace 212A, is heated by this drying furnace 212A, and is converted to the 1st laminated body which consists of a transparent base material and a 1st dry film. . As the drying furnace 212A, for example, a hot air drying furnace is used. The setting temperature of the drying furnace 212A is determined according to the kind of solvent contained in the said composition for oriented film formation apply | coated by the coating device 211A, etc. In addition, the drying furnace 212A may be divided into suitable zones and may have a different type of set temperature for each of the divided zones, and the plurality of drying furnaces are arranged in series to drive each drying furnace at different set temperatures. The form which the film is conveyed one by one in the drying furnace may be sufficient.

The 1st laminated body formed continuously by passing the heating furnace 212A is then polarized UV by the polarizing UV irradiation apparatus 213A on the surface of the said 1st dry film side of the said laminated body, or the surface of the transparent base material side. Irradiated and the said 1st dry film is converted to a light polarizing layer. In that case, the angle which the conveyance direction D1 of a film and the orientation direction D2 of the formed optical orientation layer make is set to about 45 degrees. FIG. 5: is a figure which shows typically the relationship of the orientation direction D2 of the photo-alignment layer formed after polarization UV irradiation, and the conveyance direction D1 of a film. That is, FIG. 5 shows that when the conveyance direction D1 of a film and the orientation direction D2 of an optical orientation layer show the surface of the 1st laminated body after passing through the polarization UV irradiation apparatus 213A, the angle which they make shows about 45 degrees. It is shown.

The first laminate thus formed is then passed through the coating device 211B, and after passing through the drying furnace 212B after the composition for forming a polarizing layer is applied onto the optical alignment layer of the first laminate, The polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound contained in the second laminate or the second dry film of the second laminate becomes a laminate in which a liquid crystal state of smect is formed. The drying furnace 212B has a role of drying and removing the solvent from the composition for forming a polarizing layer applied on the optical alignment layer, and the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound contained in the second dry film is in a smectic liquid crystal state. It serves to impart thermal energy to the second dry film so as to be. In addition, as already explained, in order to make a polymeric liquid crystal compound into a liquid crystal state of a smetic phase, once in order to make the said polymeric smear liquid crystal compound into a nematic liquid crystal state, the said 1st laminated body has different heating conditions. It is necessary to perform a multistage heat treatment with respect to the said 1st laminated body by this. Therefore, as described in the drying furnace 212A, the drying furnace 212B is composed of a plurality of zones having different set temperatures, but a plurality of drying furnaces having different set temperatures are prepared, and the plurality of drying furnaces are connected in series. It is preferable if the form is to be installed.

In the film which passed the said drying furnace 212B, the solvent contained in the composition for polarizing layer formation was fully removed, and the light irradiation was carried out with the polymeric smectic liquid crystal compound in a 2nd dry film maintaining the liquid crystal state of a smectic phase. It is conveyed to the apparatus 213B. By the light irradiation by this light irradiation apparatus 213B, the said polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound is photopolymerized, maintaining the said liquid crystal state, a polarizing layer is formed and this polarizing element is formed continuously.

In this way, this polarizing element formed continuously can be wound up by 220 A of 2nd cores, and the form of the 2nd roll 220 can be obtained. When winding up this formed polarizing element and obtaining a 2nd roll, you may wind together using a suitable spacer.

Thus, the transparent base material of the coating apparatus 211A, the drying furnace 212A, the polarizing UV irradiation apparatus 213A, the coating apparatus 211B, the drying furnace 212A, and the light irradiation apparatus 213A from a 1st roll. By passing in order, a photo-alignment layer and a polarizing film are formed on a transparent base material similarly to process A2-process A6 of this manufacturing method A, and this polarizing element is manufactured continuously.

In addition, although this manufacturing method B shown in FIG. 4 showed the method of manufacturing continuously from a transparent base material to this polarizing element, the transparent base material is a coating apparatus 211A and a drying furnace (for example, from a 1st roll). 212A) and the polarizing UV irradiation apparatus 213A in order, the 1st laminated body formed continuously was wound up to the core, the 1st laminated body was manufactured in roll form, and the 1st laminated body was unwound from the said roll. The first laminated body thus unwinded may be passed through the coating device 211B, the drying furnace 212A, and the light irradiation device 213A in order to manufacture the present polarizing element.

The shape of this polarizing element obtained by this manufacturing method B is a film form and a long form. When using this liquid-crystal display device etc. which are mentioned later, this this polarizing element is used after being cut so that it may become a desired dimension according to the scale of the said liquid crystal display device, etc.

As mentioned above, although the structure and manufacturing method of this polarizing element were demonstrated centering on the case of the laminated body form of a transparent base material / an optical orientation layer, and a polarizing layer, layers or films other than these may be laminated | stacked on this polarizing element. As described above, the present polarizing element may further include a retardation film, or may further include an antireflection layer or a brightness enhancement film. In addition, it can also be set as a circularly polarizing plate in combination with a retardation film (preferably 1/4 lambda wavelength plate), as mentioned later. It is preferable that the quarter wave plate used when manufacturing a circularly polarizing plate has the characteristic that an in-plane phase difference value with respect to visible light becomes small as a wavelength becomes short.

Advantageous Effects of the Polarizing Element

This polarizing element can be manufactured more advantageously than the conventional polarizing element in that the manufacturing method can form the polarizing layer which has a desired polarization direction easily by the photo-alignment operation at the time of photo-alignment layer formation. . Moreover, even if the elongate main polarizing element was manufactured by this manufacturing method B, what provided with the polarizing layer which has a non-horizontal absorption axis with respect to the longitudinal direction of the said main polarizing element can be formed. For example, by making the absorption axis in the polarizing layer of this polarizing element into 45 degrees, as mentioned later, this polarizing element and a quarter wave plate are bonded together by roll-to-roll bonding, and circularly-polarizing plate (this circularly polarizing plate) is manufactured. It becomes easy to carry out, and the productivity of this circular polarizing plate improves very much.

<Use of this polarizing element>

This polarizing element can be used for various display devices. The display device is a device having a display element, and includes a light emitting element or a light emitting device as a light emitting source. As a display device, for example, a liquid crystal display device, an organic electroluminescent (EL) display device, an inorganic electroluminescence (EL) display device, an electron emission display device (for example, an electric field emission display device (FED), a surface field emission display) Device (SED), electronic paper (display device using electronic ink or electrophoretic element, plasma display device, projection display device (e.g., display device having a grating light valve (GLV) display device, digital micromirror device (DMD)) And piezoelectric ceramic displays, etc. The liquid crystal display device includes any of a transmissive liquid crystal display device, a transflective liquid crystal display device, a reflective liquid crystal display device, a direct view liquid crystal display device and a projection type liquid crystal display device. The display device may be a display device that displays a two-dimensional image, or may be a stereoscopic display device that displays a three-dimensional image.

On the other hand, this circular polarizing plate can be effectively used especially for the display apparatus of an organic electroluminescent (EL) display apparatus or an inorganic electroluminescent (EL) display apparatus.

6 and 9 are schematic diagrams schematically showing the cross-sectional structure of a liquid crystal display device (hereinafter, referred to as "the present liquid crystal display device") 10 using the present polarizing element. The liquid crystal layer 17 is sandwiched by two substrates 14a and 14b.

12 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a cross-sectional structure of an EL display device (hereinafter, referred to as a "main EL display device") using the present polarizing element.

It is a schematic diagram which shows typically the structure of the projection type liquid crystal display device using this polarizing element.

First, the present liquid crystal display device 10 shown in FIG. 6 will be described.

The color filter 15 is arranged on the liquid crystal layer 17 side of the substrate 14a. The color filter 15 is disposed at a position facing the pixel electrode 22 with the liquid crystal layer 17 therebetween, and the black matrix 20 is disposed at a position facing the boundary between the pixel electrodes. The transparent electrode 16 is disposed on the liquid crystal layer 17 side so as to cover the color filter 15 and the black matrix 20. In addition, an overcoat layer (not shown) may be provided between the color filter 15 and the transparent electrode 16.

The thin film transistor 21 and the pixel electrode 22 are regularly arranged on the liquid crystal layer 17 side of the substrate 14b. The pixel electrode 22 is disposed at a position facing the color filter 15 with the liquid crystal layer 17 therebetween. An interlayer insulating film 18 having a connection hole (not shown) is disposed between the thin film transistor 21 and the pixel electrode 22.

As the board | substrate 14a and the board | substrate 14b, a glass substrate and a plastic substrate are used. Such a glass substrate or a plastic substrate can employ | adopt the thing of the same material as what was illustrated as the transparent base material of this polarizing element. In addition, the transparent substrate 1 of this polarizing element may serve as the board | substrate 14a and the board | substrate 14b. When manufacturing the color filter 15 and thin film transistor 21 formed on a board | substrate, a glass substrate or a quartz board | substrate is preferable when the process of heating to high temperature is needed.

As the thin film transistor, an optimal one can be adopted depending on the material of the substrate 14b. Examples of the thin film transistors 21 include high temperature polysilicon transistors formed on quartz substrates, low temperature polysilicon transistors formed on glass substrates, and amorphous silicon transistors formed on glass substrates or plastic substrates. In order to further reduce the size of the liquid crystal display device, a driver IC may be formed on the substrate 14b.

The liquid crystal layer 17 is disposed between the transparent electrode 16 and the pixel electrode 22. In the liquid crystal layer 17, spacers 23 are disposed in order to keep the distance between the substrate 14a and the substrate 14b constant. On the other hand, although shown as a columnar spacer in FIG. 2, the said spacer is not limited to a columnar shape, If the distance between the board | substrate 14a and the board | substrate 14b can be kept constant, the shape is arbitrary.

An alignment layer for aligning liquid crystals in a desired direction may be disposed on the surface of the layers formed on the substrate 14a and the substrate 14b in contact with the liquid crystal layer 17. In addition, the present polarizing element may be disposed inside the liquid crystal cell, that is, the present polarizing element may be disposed on the surface side in contact with the liquid crystal layer 17. Such a format is hereinafter referred to as an in-cell format. Details of this in-cell format will be described later.

Each member includes the substrate 14a, the color filter 15, the black matrix 20, the transparent electrode 16, the liquid crystal layer 17, the pixel electrode 22, the interlayer insulating film 18, and the thin film transistor 21. And the substrate 14b in this order.

Of the board | substrate 14a and 14b which sandwich this liquid crystal layer 17, the polarizers 12a and 12b are provided in the outer side of the board | substrate 14b, and at least one of these is the present polarizing element. .

Moreover, it is preferable that retardation layers (for example, 1/4 wavelength plate or optical compensation film) 13a and 13b are laminated. By arrange | positioning this polarizing element in the polarizer 12b among the polarizers 12a and 12b, the function which converts incident light into linearly polarized light can be given to this liquid crystal display device 10. Moreover, the retardation films 13a and 13b may not be arrange | positioned according to the structure of a liquid crystal display device and the kind of liquid crystal compound contained in the liquid crystal layer 17, and this polarizing element (circular polarizing plate) whose transparent substrate is a retardation film ), The retardation film can be used as a retardation layer, so that the retardation layers 13a and / or 13b in FIG. 6 may be omitted. You may form a polarizing film further on the light emission side (outer side) of this polarizing element.

Moreover, the anti-reflective film for preventing reflection of external light may be arrange | positioned outside the present polarizing element (when the polarizing film is further provided in this polarizing element).

As described above, the present polarizing element can be used for the polarizer 12a or 12b of the present liquid crystal display device 10 of FIG. 6. By providing this polarizing element in the polarizer 12a and / or 12b, there exists an effect that thickness reduction of this liquid crystal display device 10 can be achieved.

When using this polarizing element for the polarizer 12a or 12b, the lamination order is not specifically limited. This will be described with reference to enlarged views of portions A and B surrounded by the dotted lines in FIG. 6.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of part A of FIG. 6. In FIG. 7A, when the present polarizing element 100 is used as the polarizer 12a, the polarizing layer 3, the optical alignment layer 2, and the transparent substrate 1 are formed from the phase difference layer 13a side. This polarizing element 1 is provided so that it may be arrange | positioned in this order. In addition, in FIG. 7A2, the polarizing element 1 is provided so that the transparent base material 1, the optical alignment layer 2, and the polarizing layer 3 are arranged in this order from the phase difference layer 13a side. It is shown.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic diagram of portion B of FIG. 6. In FIG. 8B, when the present polarizing element 100 is used as the polarizer 12b, the transparent substrate 1, the optical alignment layer 2, and the polarizing layer 3 are separated from the retardation film 13b side. The present polarizing element 100 is provided to be arranged in order. In FIG. 8B, when the polarizing element 100 is used as the polarizer 12b, the polarizing layer 3, the optical alignment layer 2, and the transparent substrate 1 are separated from the retardation film 13b side. The present polarizing element 100 is provided to be arranged in order.

The backlight unit which is a light emitting source is arrange | positioned outside the polarizer 12b. The backlight unit includes a light source, a light guide, a reflector, a diffusion sheet, and a viewing angle adjustment sheet. As a light source, an electroluminescent light, a cold cathode tube, a hot cathode tube, a light emitting diode (LED), a laser light source, a mercury lamp, etc. are mentioned. Moreover, the kind of this polarizing element can be selected according to the characteristic of such a light source.

In the case where the liquid crystal display device 10 is a transmissive liquid crystal display device, the white light generated from the light source in the backlight unit enters the light guide, changes its path by the reflecting plate, and is diffused by the diffusion sheet. The diffused light is incident from the backlight unit to the polarizer 12b after being adjusted to have the desired directivity by the viewing angle adjusting sheet.

Of the non-polarized incident light, only one linearly polarized light passes through the polarizer 12b of the liquid crystal panel. This linearly polarized light is converted into circularly polarized or elliptical polarized light by the phase difference layer 13b, and sequentially passes through the substrate 14b, the pixel electrode 22, and the like to reach the liquid crystal layer 17.

The orientation state of the liquid crystal molecules contained in the liquid crystal layer 17 is changed by the presence or absence of a potential difference between the pixel electrode 22 and the opposing transparent electrode 16, and is emitted from the liquid crystal display device 10. The brightness of the light to be controlled is controlled. When the liquid crystal layer 17 is in an alignment state that transmits the polarized light as it is, the polarized light is transmitted through the liquid crystal layer 17 and the transparent electrode 16, and light of a specific wavelength range is transmitted through the color filter 15 to polarizer. (12), the liquid crystal display displays the color determined by the color filter brightest.

On the contrary, when the liquid crystal layer 17 is in an alignment state in which the polarized light is converted and transmitted, light transmitted through the liquid crystal layer 17, the transparent electrode 16, and the color filter 15 is absorbed by the polarizer 12a. As a result, this pixel displays black. In the intermediate alignment state between these two states, since the luminance of the light emitted from the liquid crystal display device 10 also becomes the middle of the above, these pixels display the intermediate color.

When this liquid crystal display device 10 is a semi-transmissive liquid crystal display device, it is preferable to use what laminated | stacked the 1/4 wavelength plate further on the polarizing layer side of this polarizing element (circular polarizing plate). At this time, the pixel electrode 22 has a transmissive portion formed of a transparent material and a reflecting portion formed of a material that reflects light, and the transmissive portion displays an image in the same manner as the above-described transmissive liquid crystal display device. On the other hand, in the reflecting portion, external light is incident on the liquid crystal display device, and circular polarized light transmitted through the polarizing element passes through the liquid crystal layer 17 under the action of the quarter wave plate further provided in the present polarizing element. Reflected by the electrode 22, it is used for display.

Next, an in-cell type suitable liquid crystal display device (this liquid crystal display device 24) using the polarizing element will be described with reference to FIG. 9.

In the liquid crystal display device 24, the substrate 14a, the polarizer 12a, the retardation film 13a, the color filter 15, the black matrix 20, the transparent electrode 16, the liquid crystal layer 17, and the pixel The electrode 22, the interlayer insulating film 18 and the thin film transistor 21, the retardation film 13b, the polarizer 12b, the substrate 14b, and the backlight unit 19 are laminated in this order. It is preferable that an element is used as the polarizer 12a. In this configuration, the present polarizing element may be arranged in order of the transparent substrate 1, the optical alignment layer 2 and the polarizing layer 3 so that the transparent substrate in the present polarizing element also serves as the substrate 14a. In this liquid crystal display device 24 provided with the polarizing element in such a configuration, a function of making incident light into linearly polarized light is provided. In addition, similarly to the present liquid crystal display device 10, the phase difference layers 13a and 13b may not be disposed depending on the type of liquid crystal compound included in the liquid crystal layer 17.

Next, the present EL display device 30 using the present polarizing element will be described with reference to FIG. 12. When using this polarizing element for this EL display device, it is preferable to use this polarizing element after making this circularly polarizing plate. This circular polarizing plate has two embodiments. Therefore, two embodiments of the circular polarizing plate will be described with reference to FIG. 10 before explaining the configuration and the like of the EL display device 30.

FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the first embodiment of the circular polarizing plate 110. This 1st Embodiment is this circular polarizing plate 110 which further provided the retardation layer (phase difference film) 4 on the polarizing layer 3 of this polarizing element 100. As shown in FIG. FIG. 10B is a sectional view schematically illustrating a second embodiment of the circular polarizing plate 110. This 2nd Embodiment is a transparent base material 1 using the transparent base material 1 (retardation film 4) to which phase difference was provided previously as a transparent base material 1 used when manufacturing this polarizing element 100. (1) The circular polarizing plate 110 which itself has a function as the phase difference layer 4 is used.

Here, the manufacturing method of this circular polarizing plate 110 is demonstrated. As described above, according to the second embodiment of the circular polarizing plate 110, in the present production method A or the present production method B in which the present polarizing element 100 is manufactured, the phase difference is imparted in advance as the transparent base material 1. It can manufacture by using the base material 1, ie, a retardation film. The first embodiment of the circular polarizing plate 110 is a phase difference layer 4 by bonding a phase difference film on the polarizing layer 3 of the present polarizing element 1 manufactured by the present manufacturing method A or the present manufacturing method B. ) May be formed. Moreover, when this polarizing element 100 is manufactured in the form of the 2nd roll 220 by this manufacturing method B, the polarizing element 100 seen from the said 2nd roll 220 is unwound, and predetermined | prescribed Although the form which bonds retardation film to the cut this polarizing element 100 after cutting to the dimension may be sufficient, this circular polarizing plate whose shape is a film-shaped and elongate shape is prepared by preparing the 3rd roll by which the retardation film is wound by the core. 110 may be manufactured continuously.

A method of continuously manufacturing the first embodiment of the circular polarizing plate 110 will be described with reference to FIG. 11. In this manufacturing method,

Winding the polarizing element 100 seen continuously from the second roll 220 and winding the retardation film continuously from the third roll 230 on which the retardation film is wound;

Forming a circularly polarizing plate 110 by continuously bonding the polarizing layer provided on the present polarizing element 100 unwound from the second roll 220 and the retardation film unwound from the third roll;

The circular polarizing plate 110 thus formed is wound on a fourth core 240A to obtain a fourth roll 240. This method is called roll to roll bonding.

As mentioned above, although the manufacturing method of 1st Embodiment of this circular polarizing plate 110 was demonstrated, when bonding the polarizing layer 3 and retardation film of this polarizing element 100, it forms with the said adhesive using a suitable adhesive. You may bond the polarizing layer 3 and retardation film through the adhesion layer used.

Next, the EL display device provided with the circular polarizing plate 110 will be described with reference to FIG.

In the EL display device 30, an organic functional layer 36 and a cathode electrode 37 serving as light emitting sources are stacked on a substrate 33 on which a pixel electrode 35 is formed. A circularly polarizing plate 31 is disposed on the opposite side to the organic functional layer 36 with the substrate 33 therebetween, and the circularly polarizing plate 110 is used as the circularly polarizing plate 31. The organic functional layer 36 emits light by applying a positive voltage to the pixel electrode 35 and a negative voltage to the cathode electrode 37, and applying a direct current between the pixel electrode 35 and the cathode electrode 37. . The organic functional layer 36 as a light emitting source is composed of an electron transporting layer, a light emitting layer, a hole transporting layer, and the like. Light emitted from the organic functional layer 36 passes through the pixel electrode 35, the interlayer insulating film 34, the substrate 33, and the circular polarizing plate 31 (this circular polarizing plate 110). Although the organic electroluminescence display which has the organic functional layer 36 is demonstrated, you may apply also to the inorganic electroluminescence display which has an inorganic functional layer.

In order to manufacture this EL display device 30, first, a thin film transistor 40 is formed on a substrate 33 in a desired shape. The interlayer insulating film 34 is formed, and then the pixel electrode 35 is formed by the sputtering method and patterned. Thereafter, the organic functional layer 36 is laminated.

Subsequently, the circularly polarizing plate 31 (this circularly polarizing plate 110) is provided on the surface opposite to the surface on which the thin film transistor 40 of the substrate 33 is provided.

When the circular polarizing plate 110 is used as the circular polarizing plate 31, the stacking procedure will be described with reference to an enlarged view of the portion C surrounded by the dotted lines in FIG. When the circular polarizing plate 110 is used as the circular polarizing plate 31, the retardation layer 4 in the circular polarizing plate 110 is disposed on the substrate 33 side. FIG. 12C is an enlarged view using the first embodiment of the circularly polarizing plate 110 as the circularly polarizing plate 31, and FIG. 12C2 is a second embodiment of the circularly polarizing plate 110. It is an enlarged view used as the polarizing plate 31.

Next, members other than the present polarizing element 31 (circular polarizing plate 110) of the present EL display device 30 will be briefly described.

As the board | substrate 33, Ceramic substrates, such as a sapphire glass substrate, a quartz glass substrate, a soda glass substrate, and alumina; Metal substrates such as copper; Plastic substrates; Although not shown, a thermally conductive film may be formed on the substrate 33. As a thermally conductive film, a diamond thin film (DLC etc.) etc. are mentioned. When the pixel electrode 35 is a reflective type, light is emitted in a direction opposite to the substrate 33. Therefore, not only a transparent material but also a non-transmissive material, such as stainless steel, can be used. The substrate may be formed singly or may be formed as a laminated substrate by joining a plurality of substrates with an adhesive. In addition, these board | substrates are not limited to being plate-shaped, A film may be sufficient.

As the thin film transistor 40, for example, a polycrystalline silicon transistor or the like may be used. The thin film transistor 40 is provided at the end of the pixel electrode 35, and its size is about 10 to 30 μm. The size of the pixel electrode 35 is about 20 μm × 20 μm to 300 μm × 300 μm.

Wiring electrodes of the thin film transistor 40 are provided on the substrate 33. The wiring electrode has a low resistance and has a function of electrically connecting with the pixel electrode 35 to suppress the resistance value. Generally, the wiring electrode includes Al, Al, and a transition metal (except Ti), Ti, or Any one or two or more kinds of titanium nitride (TiN) are used.

An interlayer insulating film 34 is provided between the thin film transistor 40 and the pixel electrode 35. The interlayer insulating film 34 is formed by sputtering or vacuum vapor deposition of an inorganic material such as silicon oxide or silicon nitride such as SiO ₂ , a silicon oxide layer formed of SOG (spin on glass), photoresist, polyimide, and acrylic resin. As long as it has insulation, such as a coating film of resin materials, such as these, any may be sufficient.

The ribs 41 are formed on the interlayer insulating film 34. The rib 41 is disposed at the periphery (between adjacent pixels) of the pixel electrode 35. Examples of the material of the ribs 41 include acrylic resins and polyimide resins. The thickness of the ribs 41 is preferably 1.0 µm or more and 3.5 µm or less, and more preferably 1.5 µm or more and 2.5 µm or less.

Next, an EL element composed of a pixel electrode 35 serving as a transparent electrode, an organic functional layer 36 serving as a light emitting source, and a cathode electrode 37 will be described. The organic functional layer 36 has at least one hole transport layer and a light emitting layer, respectively, and has an electron injection transport layer, a light emitting layer, a hole transport layer, and a hole injection layer in sequence.

Examples of the pixel electrode 35 include ITO (tin doped indium oxide), IZO (zinc doped indium oxide), IGZO, ZnO, SnO ₂ , In ₂ O ₃ , and the like, and ITO and IZO are particularly preferable. The thickness of the pixel electrode 35 should just have a thickness more than a fixed enough to perform hole injection, and it is preferable to set it as about 10-500 nm.

The pixel electrode 35 can be formed by vapor deposition (preferably sputtering). The sputter gas is not particularly limited and may be an inert gas such as Ar, He, Ne, Kr, and Xe, or a mixed gas thereof.

As the constituent material of the cathode electrode 37, metal elements such as K, Li, Na, Mg, La, Ce, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, Ag, In, Sn, Zn and Zr may be used. In order to improve the operational stability, it is preferable to use a two- or three-component alloy system selected from the illustrated metal elements. Examples of the alloy system include Ag.Mg (Ag: 1 to 20 at%), Al.Li (Li: 0.3 to 14 at%), In.Mg (Mg: 50 to 80 at%), and Al.Ca (Ca: 5 to 20 at%) and the like are preferable.

The cathode electrode 37 is formed by a vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, or the like. The thickness of the cathode electrode 37 is preferably 0.1 nm or more, preferably 1 to 500 nm or more.

The hole injection layer has a function of facilitating the injection of holes from the pixel electrode 35, the hole transport layer has a function of transporting holes and a function of disturbing electrons, and is also called a charge injection layer or a charge transport layer.

The thickness of the light emitting layer, the thickness in which the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer are combined, and the thickness of the electron injection transport layer are not particularly limited and may vary depending on the formation method, but are preferably about 5 to 100 nm. Various organic compounds can be used for the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer. The vacuum evaporation method can be used in that a homogeneous thin film can be formed for formation of a hole injection transport layer, a light emitting layer, and an electron injection transport layer.

As the organic functional layer 36 as a light emitting source, it is possible to use light emission from the singlet excitons (fluorescence), to use light emission from the triplet excitons (phosphorescence), to use light emission from the singlet excitons (fluorescence) and to triplet. Comprising using light emission from phosphorus (phosphorescence), formed by organic matter, including those formed by organic matter and those formed by inorganic matter, comprising polymer materials, low molecular materials, high molecular materials and low molecular materials Can be used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the organic functional layer 36 using various known materials for EL elements can be used for the present EL display device 30.

A desiccant 38 is disposed in the space between the cathode electrode 37 and the sealing lid 39. This is because the organic functional layer 36 is weak in humidity. Moisture is absorbed by the desiccant 38 to prevent deterioration of the organic functional layer 36.

14 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of another embodiment of the EL display device 30. This EL display device 30 has a sealing structure using the thin film sealing film 41, and output light can also be obtained from the opposite side of the array substrate.

As the thin film sealing film 41, it is preferable to use a DLC film in which DLC (diamond-like carbon) is deposited on a film of an electrolytic capacitor. DLC membrane has the characteristic that the water permeability is very bad, and high moisture-proof performance. A DLC film or the like may also be formed by directly depositing the surface of the cathode electrode 37. In addition, a thin film sealing film 41 may be formed by laminating a resin thin film and a metal thin film in multiple layers.

As mentioned above, the novel polarizing element (this polarizing element) which concerns on this invention, and the novel display apparatus (this liquid crystal display device and this EL display device) provided with this polarizing element are provided.

Finally, the projection type liquid crystal display device using the polarizing element 100 will be described.

15 is a schematic diagram showing a projection type liquid crystal display device using the present polarizing element 100.

The present polarizing element 100 is used as the polarizer 142 and / or the polarizer 143 of this projection liquid crystal display device.

The bundle of rays emitted from the light source (for example, a high-pressure mercury lamp) 111 that is a light emitting source is, first, the first lens array 112, the second lens array 113, the polarization converting element 114, and the overlapping lens 115. By passing through, uniformity and polarization of luminance in the half-ray bundle cross section are achieved.

Specifically, the light bundle emitted from the light source 111 is divided into a plurality of minute light bundles by the first lens array 112 in which the minute lenses 112a are formed in a matrix. The second lens array 113 and the overlapping lens 115 are provided so that each of the divided light beam bundles irradiates all three liquid crystal panels 140R, 140G, and 140B to be illuminated, and therefore, each liquid crystal panel incident The surface of the side becomes roughness almost uniform.

The polarization conversion element 114 is comprised by the polarization beam splitter array, and is arrange | positioned between the 2nd lens array 113 and the superposition lens 115. As shown in FIG. As a result, the random polarized light from the light source is converted into polarized light having a specific polarization direction in advance, thereby reducing the amount of light loss at the incident side polarizer to be described later and improving the brightness of the screen.

As described above, the light with uniform luminance and polarization is sequentially red, green, and blue by dichroic mirrors 121, 123, and 132 for separating into three primary colors of RGB via the reflection mirror 122. It is separated into channels and is incident on the liquid crystal panels 140R, 140G, and 140B, respectively.

In the liquid crystal panels 140R, 140G, 140B, the polarizer 142 is arrange | positioned at the incidence side, and the polarizer 143 is arrange | positioned at the emission side, respectively. The polarizing element 100 can be used for this polarizer 142 and the polarizer 143.

The polarizer 142 and the polarizer 143 arrange | positioned at each RGB optical path are arrange | positioned so that each absorption axis may orthogonally cross. Each liquid crystal panel 140R, 140G, 140B disposed in each optical path has a function of converting the polarization state controlled for each pixel by the image signal into the amount of light.

The present polarizing element 100 is useful as a polarizing film having excellent durability in all optical paths of a blue channel, a green channel, and a red channel by selecting a kind of dichroic dye suitable for a corresponding channel.

According to the image data of the liquid crystal panels 140R, 140G, 140B, the optical image created by transmitting incident light at different transmittances for each pixel is synthesized by the cross dichroic prism 150, and the screen (the projection lens 170) 180) is enlarged projection.

Examples of electronic paper include those represented by molecules such as optical anisotropy and dye molecule orientation, those represented by particles such as electrophoresis, particle movement, particle rotation, and phase change, those represented by movement of one end of the film, molecules And those represented by the color development / phase change of the molecules, those represented by the light absorption of molecules, and those displayed by self-luminescence in combination with electrons and holes. More specifically, microcapsule type electrophoresis, horizontal moving type electrophoresis, vertical moving type electrophoresis, spherical twist ball, magnetic twist ball, circumferential twist ball type, charging toner, electronic sorting body, magnetophoretic type, magnetic thermal type, electro Wetting, light scattering (transparency / cloudy change), cholesteric liquid crystal / photoconductive layer, cholesteric liquid crystal, bistable nematic liquid crystal, ferroelectric liquid crystal, dichroic dye / liquid crystal dispersion type, movable film, chromophore by leuco dye And photochromic, electrochromic, electrodeposition, flexible organic EL and the like. The electronic paper may be used not only for text and images but also for advertisement display (signage). According to this polarizing element, the thickness of an electronic paper can be made thin.

As a stereoscopic display device, for example, a method of arranging different phase difference films alternately like the micropole method has been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-185983). However, when the optical film of the present invention is used as a polarizing film, printing and inkjet Since patterning is easy by photolithography or the like, the manufacturing process of the display device can be shortened, and the retardation film is unnecessary.

[Example]

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. "%" And "part" in an example are mass% and a mass part, unless there is particular notice.

Synthesis Example 1 of Polymer Having Photoreactive Group

Polymer 1 and Polymer 2 were synthesized as a polymer having a photoreactive group.

Synthesis Example 1 Synthesis of Polymer 1

Polymer 1 consists of the following structural units.

[Polymer 1]

Synthesis Scheme of Polymer 1

[Synthesis of Compound (a1-1-1)]

50 g (258 mmol) of ferulic acid were dissolved in 360 g of methanol. 10 g of sulfuric acid was added to the obtained solution at room temperature, the temperature was raised until the solvent was refluxed, and then reacted under reflux for 2 hours. After cooling the obtained reaction solution, 150 g of ice and 150 g of water were added. The supernatant was removed by decantation and crystallized by addition of 150 g of water at 5 ° C. The obtained white crystals were filtered off. The filtered white crystal was further washed with 1M aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and ice, and then dried in vacuo to give 22.2 g of compound (a1-1-1). Yield was 83% based on ferulic acid.

[Synthesis of Compound (b1-1-1)]

25 g (120 mmol) of compound (a1-1-1) were dissolved in 250 g of dimethylacetamide. To the obtained solution, 33.19 g (240 mmol) of potassium carbonate and 1.99 g (12 mmol) of potassium iodide were added. 6-chlorohexanol was dripped at the obtained dispersion liquid, and it stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, and stirred at 70 degreeC for 8 hours. The obtained reaction solution was filtered to remove insoluble matters. To the filtrate, 200 g of methyl isobutyl ketone and 300 g of water were added, stirred, allowed to stand, liquid-separated, and the organic layer was recovered. 200 g of water was added to the recovered organic layer, and the washing operation of stirring, standing, and liquid separation was repeated twice. From the recovered organic layer, the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure using an evaporator to obtain a crude product of compound (b1-1-1).

[Synthesis of Compound (c1-1-1)]

The total crude product of compound (b1-1-1) was dissolved in 185 g of ethanol. 92 g of water and 14.41 g (360 mmol) of sodium hydroxide were added to the obtained solution, and it stirred at 80 degreeC for 1 hour. After cooling the reaction solution to about 3 ° C, a 2M hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added while maintaining the temperature at 5 ° C or lower, and the pH was set to 2. An acid deposited white precipitate was collected by filtration, washed twice with a mixed solution of 100 g of water and 80 g of methanol, and dried in vacuo to give 30.4 g of compound (c1-1-1). The yield was 86% based on compound (a1-1-1).

[Synthesis of Compound (M1-1-1)]

27.46 g (93 mmol) of compound (c1-1-1) was dissolved in 280 g of chloroform. To the obtained solution, 2.06 g of BHT (dit-butyl-hydroxytoluene) and 37.73 g (373 mmol) of triethylamine were added as a polymerization inhibitor, followed by stirring under ice cooling. 29.26 g (260 mmol) of methacrylic acid chloride was dripped at the reaction solution, and it kept 5 degreeC or less, and stirred for 5 hours. 5.7 g of dimethylaminopyridine and 190 g of water were added to the obtained reaction solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. After standing still, an organic layer was collect | recovered, 100 g of 2N hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added to this organic layer, and the washing operation of stirring, standing, and liquid separation was repeated twice. The organic layer was recovered, and 300 g of n-heptane was added thereto, and the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration. After washing twice with a mixed solvent composed of 100 g of water and 80 g of methanol, the mixture was dried in vacuo to give 22.0 g of compound (M1-1-1). The yield was 65% based on compound (c1-1-1).

Synthesis of Polymer 1

In a Schlenk flask, 1.00 g (2.76 mmol) of compound (M1-1-1) and 10 g of tetrahydrofuran were added, followed by deoxygenation and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) 2.27 while flowing nitrogen. mg was added and stirred at 60 ° C. for 72 hours. The obtained reaction solution was added to 200 g of toluene. The precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with heptane and then dried in vacuo to obtain 0.75 g of Polymer 1. The yield was 75% based on compound (M1-1-1). The molecular weight of Polymer 1 obtained from the GPC measurement showed number average molecular weight 28200 and Mw / Mn 1.82, and the monomer content was 0.5%.

Synthesis Example 2 Synthesis of Polymer 2

Macromolecules, Vol. 39, No. Polymer 2 having the following structure was synthesized by the method described in 26 (2006).

(The numbers in parentheses indicate the mole fraction of each structural unit relative to the entire structural unit of polymer 2.)

Synthesis of Polymerizable Smatic Liquid Crystal Compound

Polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound (wherein, in the following description, the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound is abbreviated as "polymerizable liquid crystal compound"), and the compound (1-6), the compound (1-7), the compound (1 -8), compound (1-13) and compound (1-14) were synthesized.

Synthesis Example 3 Compound (1-6) (Compound Represented by Formula (1-6))

Compound (1-6) is described in Lub et al. Recl. Trav. Chim. It synthesize | combined by the method described by Pays-Bas, 115, 321-328 (1996).

Synthesis Examples 4 to 7 Synthesis of Compound (1-7), Compound (1-8), Compound (1-13) and Compound (1-14)

Compound (1-7) (compound represented by the following formula (1-7)), compound (1-8) (compound represented by the following formula (1-8)), compound (1-13) (following formula ( The compound represented by 1-13) and compound (1-14) (compound represented by the following formula (1-14)) were all synthesized with reference to the synthesis method of compound (1-6).

Example 1

[Adjustment of Composition for Polarizing Layer Formation]

The following components were mixed and the composition for polarizing layer formation was obtained by stirring at 80 degreeC for 1 hour.

Polymerizable liquid crystal compounds; 75 parts of compounds (1-6)

25 parts of compound (1-7)

Dichroic dyes; Azo pigment (G205, Hayashibara Seibutsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 3.0 parts

A polymerization initiator; 6 parts of 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (irgacure 184; product made by Chivas Specialty Chemicals)

Leveling agents; 1.5 parts of polyacrylate compounds (BYK-361N; manufactured by BYK-Chemie)

Solvent; 250 parts cyclopentanone

[Measurement of Phase Transition Temperature]

The phase transition temperature was confirmed by the texture observation by a polarization microscope. The polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the composition for polarizing layer formation raises the temperature to 120 degreeC, removes a solvent, and after drying, at the time of lowering temperature, it phase-transforms into a nematic phase at 110 degreeC, and forms a Smetic A phase at 104 degreeC. It was confirmed that the phase transition and phase transition to Smetic B phase at 83 ℃.

[Production of optical alignment layer]

A solution (photo-alignment layer-forming composition) in which a polymer having a photoreactive group (polymer 1 or polymer 2) was dissolved in cyclopentanone at a concentration of 5% by weight on a polyethylene terephthalate substrate (PET substrate) by a bar coat method After apply | coating and drying for 1 minute at 60 degreeC, the 1st dry film of thickness 100nm was formed. Next, the polarization UV irradiation process was performed to the surface of the obtained 1st dry film, and the photo-alignment layer was formed. The polarization UV treatment was performed under the condition that the intensity measured at a wavelength of 365 nm was 100 mJ using a UV irradiation device (SPOT CURE SP-7; manufactured by Ushio Denki Co., Ltd.).

[Production of Polarizing Layer]

On the photo-alignment film, the composition for polarizing layer formation was apply | coated by the bar coat method, and it heat-dried for 1 minute in 120 degreeC drying oven, cooled to room temperature, and obtained the 2nd dry film. A polarizing layer was formed by irradiating a 2nd dry film with the ultraviolet-ray of exposure amount 1200mJ / cm <2> (365 nm standard) using UV irradiation apparatus (SPOT CURE SP-7; the product made by Ushio Denki Co., Ltd.), and manufacturing a polarizing element did. It was 1.6 micrometers when the film thickness of the polarizing layer at this time was measured by the laser microscope (OLS3000 by Olympus company).

[X-ray diffraction measurement]

About the obtained polarizing layer, X-ray diffraction measurement was performed using the X-ray-diffraction apparatus X 'Pert PRO MPD (made by SPECTLESS Corporation). Using Cu as a target, X-rays generated under conditions of 40 mA of X-ray tube current and 45 kV of X-ray tube voltage are incident in the rubbing direction through a fixed divergence slit 1/2 °, and a scanning range of 2θ = 4.0 to 40.0 °. As a result of scanning at 2θ = 0.011 °, the measurement resulted in a sharp diffraction peak (black peak) of peak half width (FWHM) = about 0.187 ° around 2θ = 20.22 °. Moreover, the equivalent result was obtained also in incidence from the rubbing vertical direction. The order period d obtained from the peak position is about 4.4 Hz, and it can be seen that a structure reflecting a higher order smectic phase is formed.

[Measurement of dichroic ratio]

Absorbance (A ¹ ) in the transmission axis direction at the maximum absorption wavelength and absorbance (A ² ) in the absorption axis direction are doubled by using a device in which a folder with a polarizer is set in a spectrophotometer (UV-3150, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). Measured by the beam method. In the folder, the reference side placed a mesh that cuts the amount of light by 50%. The ratio (A ² / A ¹ ) was calculated from the values of the measured absorbance (A ¹ ) in the transmission axis direction and the absorbance (A ² ) in the absorption axis direction to obtain a dichroic ratio. The results are shown in the table. The higher the dichroic ratio, the more useful as the polarizing layer. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the dichroic ratios.

[Observation of Orientation]

The orientation state of the obtained polarizing layer was confirmed by polarizing microscope observation. The sample was inserted in the direction of about 45 degrees between polarization microscope cross nicol, and it observed in the light leakage state. When oriented in the vertical direction, no light leakage occurs and a dark field state is observed, and when oriented horizontally, light leakage occurs and is observed in the bright field state. When the bright field was obtained over the whole screen, it evaluated as "(circle)", and when the dark field was obtained over the whole screen, it evaluated at two levels made into "x." The results are shown in Table 1.

[Measurement of Haze Value]

About the obtained polarizer, the haze value was measured using the haze meter (HZ-2; Sugashi Kenki Co., Ltd. product). The haze value is represented by the following formula.

Haze value (%) = scattering transmittance (%) / total light transmittance (%) * 100

When the orientation control force of the polarizing layer by the optical alignment layer is insufficient, discontinuity defects occur in the polymerizable smectic liquid crystal which is a main component of the polarizing layer. Since light scattering occurs at this discontinuous defect interface, the haze value becomes large. In other words, the smaller the haze value, the better the orientation. Here, 3% or less was made favorable. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 2

A polarizing element was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the dichroic dye was changed from an azo dye (G205; manufactured by Hayashi Varase Seibutsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) to an azo dye (NKX2029; manufactured by Hayashi Varase Seibu Chemical Co., Ltd.). did.

[Measurement of Phase Transition Temperature]

In the same manner as in Example 1, the phase transition behavior of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition contained in the composition for forming a polarizing layer of Example 2 was measured. After raising the temperature to 120 ° C to remove the solvent and drying, when lowering the temperature, the phase transition to the nematic phase at 113 ° C, the phase transition to the Smematic A phase at 107 ° C, and the phase transition to the Smematic B phase at 83 ° C. Confirmed.

In the same manner as in Example 1, dichroic ratio measurement, orientation state observation, and haze value measurement of the manufactured polarizing elements were performed. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 3

The polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the composition for forming a polarizing layer is 75 parts of compound (1-6) and 25 parts of compound (1-8) with a mixture of 75 parts of compound (1-6) and 25 parts of compound (1-7). A polarizing element was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixture was changed to the negative mixture.

[Measurement of Phase Transition Temperature]

In the same manner as in Example 1, the phase transition behavior of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition contained in the composition for forming a polarizing layer of Example 3 was measured. After raising the temperature to 120 ° C. to remove the solvent and drying, when lowering the temperature, the phase transition to the nematic phase at 111 ° C., the phase transition to Smematic A phase at 105 ° C., and the phase transition to Smetic B phase at 82 ° C. Confirmed.

In the same manner as in Example 1, dichroic ratio measurement, orientation state observation, and haze value measurement of the manufactured polarizing elements were performed. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 4

75 parts of compounds (1-6) and compound (1-13) 25 from the mixture of 75 parts of compounds (1-6) and 25 parts of compounds (1-7) for the polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the composition for forming a polarizing layer. A polarizing element was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixture was changed to the negative mixture.

[Measurement of Phase Transition Temperature]

In the same manner as in Example 1, the phase transition behavior of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition contained in the composition for forming a polarizing layer of Example 4 was measured. After raising the temperature to 130 ° C to remove the solvent and drying, when lowering the temperature, phase transition to nematic phase at 119 ° C, phase transition to Smematic A phase at 111 ° C, and phase transition to Smetic B phase at 82 ° C. Confirmed.

In the same manner as in Example 1, dichroic ratio measurement, orientation state observation, and haze value measurement of the manufactured polarizing elements were performed. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 5

75 parts of compounds (1-6) and compound (1-14) 25 from the mixture of 75 parts of compounds (1-6) and 25 parts of compounds (1-7) for the polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in the composition for forming a polarizing layer. A polarizing element was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixture was changed to the negative mixture.

[Measurement of Phase Transition Temperature]

In the same manner as in Example 1, the phase transition behavior of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition contained in the composition for forming a polarizing layer of Example 5 was measured. After raising the temperature to 130 ° C to remove the solvent and drying, when lowering the temperature, the phase transition to the nematic phase at 118 ° C, the phase transition to the Smematic A phase at 109 ° C, and the phase transition to the Smetic B phase at 79 ° C. Confirmed.

In the same manner as in Example 1, dichroic ratio measurement, orientation state observation, and haze value measurement of the manufactured polarizing elements were performed. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 6

A polarizing element was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymer having a photoreactive group included in the composition for forming a photoalignment layer was changed from Polymer 1 to Polymer 2.

In the same manner as in Example 1, dichroic ratio measurement, orientation state observation, and haze value measurement of the manufactured polarizing elements were performed. The results are shown in Table 1.

The polarizing element and circularly polarizing plate of this invention are very useful in manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, an (organic) EL display device, and a projection type liquid crystal display device.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Transparent base material 2: Photo-alignment layer
3: polarizing layer 100: present polarizing element
110: present circular polarizing plate 101: first laminate
102 second laminate 103 third laminate
210: first roll 210A: winding core
220: second roll 220A: winding core
211A, 211B: Coating device 212A, 212B: Drying furnace
213A: Polarized UV Irradiation Device 213B: Light Irradiation Device
300: auxiliary roll 10: liquid crystal display device
12a, 12b: polarizer (this polarizing element) 13a, 13b: retardation layer (retardation film)
14a, 14b: substrate 15: color filter
16 transparent electrode 17 liquid crystal layer
18: interlayer insulating film 20: black matrix
21 thin film transistor 22 pixel electrode
23 spacer 24 liquid crystal display device
30 EL display device 31 circularly polarizing plate
33 substrate 34 interlayer insulating film
35 pixel electrode 36 light emitting layer
37 cathode electrode 38 desiccant
39: sealing lid 40: thin film transistor
41: rib 42: thin film plate
44 EL display device 111 light source
112: first lens array 112a: lens
113: second lens array 114: polarization conversion element
115: overlap lens 121, 123, 132: dichroic mirror
122: reflective mirrors 140R, 140G, 140B: liquid crystal panel
142, 143: polarizer 150: cross dichroic prism
170: projection lens 180: screen

Claims (17)

On the transparent substrate, a photo-alignment layer and a polarizing layer are polarizers formed in this order,
The photo-alignment layer is formed from a polymer having a photoreactive group,
The polarizing element in which the said polarizing layer is formed from the composition containing a polymeric smetic liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye. The polarizing element of Claim 1 whose said polarizing layer is a polarizing layer which can obtain a black peak in X-ray reflection measurement. The polarizing element of Claim 1 or 2 in which the said composition contains 2 or more types of polymerizable smectic liquid crystalline compounds. The polarizing element of any one of Claims 1-3 whose polymer which has the said photoreactive group is a polymer containing group represented by a following formula (A ').

In the formula (A '),
n represents 0 or 1.
X ¹ represents a single bond, —O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —N═N—, —CH═CH— or —CH ₂ —.
Y ¹ represents a single bond or -0-.
R ¹ and R ² each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
* Indicates the number of bonds to the polymer backbone.] As a manufacturing method of the polarizing element in any one of Claims 1-4,
On the transparent substrate,
Applying a composition containing a polymer having a photoreactive group and a solvent to form a first coating film on the transparent substrate;
Drying and removing the solvent from the first coating film to form a first dry film on the transparent base material to obtain a first laminate;
Irradiating the first dry film with polarized light UV to form a photoalignment layer from the first dry film to obtain a second laminate;
Applying a composition containing a polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound, a dichroic dye, and a solvent on the optical alignment layer in the second laminate to form a second coating film on the optical alignment layer;
Process of obtaining a 3rd laminated body by forming a 2nd dry film on the said photo-alignment layer by drying the said 2nd coating film on the conditions which the said polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound contained in a said 2nd coating film does not superpose | polymerize. and,
After making said polymeric liquid crystal compound in a said 2nd dry film into a smect liquid crystal state, polarizing from the said 2nd dry film by superposing | polymerizing the said polymerizable smect liquid crystal compound, maintaining the said smect liquid crystal state. The manufacturing method which has a process of forming a layer. The polarizing element of any one of Claims 1-4 whose shape is film-shaped and elongate. As a manufacturing method of the polarizing element of Claim 6,
The process of preparing the 1st roll by which a transparent base material is wound by the 1st core,
A step of continuously sending the transparent base material from the first roll,
Applying a composition containing a polymer having a photoreactive group and a solvent to continuously form a first coating film on the transparent substrate;
Drying and removing the solvent from the first coating film to form a first dry film on the transparent base material, and to continuously obtain a first laminate,
Irradiating the first dry film with polarized light UV to form an optical alignment layer having an orientation direction at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the conveyance direction of the first laminate, and continuously obtaining a second laminate;
Applying a composition containing a polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound, a dichroic dye, and a solvent onto the photoalignment layer, and continuously forming a second coating film on the photoalignment layer;
By drying the said 2nd coating film on the conditions which the said polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound contained in the said 2nd coating film does not superpose | polymerize, a 2nd dry film is formed on the said optical alignment layer, and a 3rd laminated body is continuously Gaining process,
After making the said polymeric liquid crystal compound contained in a said 2nd dry film into a smect liquid crystal state, the said laminated body is polymerized by superposing | polymerizing the said polymerizable smect liquid crystal compound, maintaining the said smect liquid crystal state. The process of forming a polarizing layer which has an absorption axis in the angle of 45 degrees with respect to the conveyance direction of and obtaining a polarizing element continuously,
The manufacturing method which has a process of winding the polarizing element obtained continuously in the 2nd core, and obtaining a 2nd roll. The liquid crystal display device provided with the polarizing element of any one of Claims 1-4. The liquid crystal display device provided by disposing the polarizing element in any one of Claims 1-4 in a liquid crystal cell. It is a circular polarizing plate which laminated | stacked the polarizing element and retardation film of any one of Claims 1-4 so that the angle which the absorption axis of the said polarizing layer and the slow axis of the said retardation film make may be 45 degrees,
The value of the ellipticity measured by light of wavelength 550 nm is 50% or more,
And said retardation film is a film having a front retardation value measured in light of wavelength 550 nm in a range of 100 to 150 nm. The circularly polarizing plate of Claim 10 in which the said retardation film has the characteristic that the front retardation value with respect to visible light becomes small as a wavelength becomes short. The circularly polarizing plate according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the shape is a film and a long shape. As a manufacturing method of the circularly polarizing plate of Claim 12,
The process of preparing the 3rd roll by which the retardation film is wound by the 3rd core,
The process of preparing the 2nd roll by which the said polarizing element is wound by the 2nd core,
Continuously winding the polarizing element from the second roll, and simultaneously winding the retardation film from the third roll;
The manufacturing method which has a process of bonding the polarizing layer of the polarizing element unwinding continuously, and the retardation film unwinding continuously. The angle formed by the slow axis of the retardation film and the absorption axis of the polarizing layer is 45 ° by replacing the transparent base material included in the polarizing element according to any one of claims 1 to 4 with a retardation film having retardation. As a circularly polarizing plate formed by laminating with
The value of the ellipticity measured by light of wavelength 550 nm is 80% or more,
And said retardation film is a film having a front retardation value measured in light of wavelength 550 nm in a range of 100 to 150 nm. The circularly polarizing plate according to claim 14, wherein the shape is a film shape or a long shape. As a manufacturing method of the circularly polarizing plate of Claim 15,
The process of preparing the 1st roll by which the retardation film is wound by the 1st core,
Continuously feeding the retardation film from the first roll;
Applying a composition containing a polymer having a photoreactive group and a solvent to continuously form a first coating film on the retardation film;
Drying and removing the solvent from the first coating film, forming a first dry film on the transparent substrate, and continuously obtaining a first laminate;
Irradiating the first dry film with polarized light UV to form an optical alignment layer having an orientation direction at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the conveyance direction of the first laminate, and continuously obtaining a second laminate;
Applying a composition containing a polymerizable smectic liquid crystal compound, a dichroic dye, a polymerization initiator, and a solvent onto the photoalignment layer, and continuously forming a second coating film on the photoalignment layer;
By drying the said 2nd coating film on the conditions which the said polymeric polymeric liquid crystal compound contained in the said 2nd coating film does not superpose | polymerize, a 2nd dry film is formed on the said optical alignment layer, and a 3rd laminated body is continuously Gaining process,
After making the said polymeric liquid crystal compound contained in a said 2nd dry film into a smect liquid crystal state, the said laminated body is polymerized by superposing | polymerizing the said polymerizable smect liquid crystal compound, maintaining the said smect liquid crystal state. A step of forming a polarizing layer having an absorption axis at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the conveying direction of and obtaining a circularly polarizing plate continuously;
The manufacturing method which has the process of winding up the circularly polarizing plate obtained continuously in a 2nd core, and obtaining a 2nd roll. The organic electroluminescence display provided with the circularly-polarizing plate of any one of Claims 10, 11, and 14, and an organic electroluminescent element.

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