KR20120069915A - Bio capsule - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A bio capsule is provided to ensure solubility in water and to biologically kill larva in an eco-friendly mode. CONSTITUTION: A bio capsule(100) comprises: a capsule dissolved in the water; a high-absorption polymers containing the capsule, and a larvicidal material for killing larva. The larvicidal material includes BTI(Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis), Bacillus sphaericus, or IGR(insect growth regulators). The high absorption polymers include starch acrylonitrile graft polymers, carboxymethyl cellulose crosslinked polyacrylate, sulfonated polystyrene, hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidine, or polyacrylonitrile. The IGR includes methoprene-JHA, fenoxycarb-JHA, pyriproxyfen-JHA, diflubenzuron-CSI, or triflumuron-CSI.

Description

Bio Capsule {BIO CAPSULE}

The present invention relates to a biocapsule used for pest control.

Mosquitoes are a representative example of pests that mediate and spread blood clots. Insects, including mosquitoes, are generally very efficient because they can only control a large number of animals in a space that is less likely to find and control mosquito larvae than to control mosquitoes due to their habit of spawning only in water.

Therefore, in order to effectively control pests including mosquitoes, it is most effective to check the mosquito larva occurrence place and to carry out larvae control first. For this purpose, it is necessary to develop an environmentally friendly insect pest control method that is harmless to the environment and the human body.

In general, the insecticide is in the liquid phase. When the liquid insecticide is sprayed into the puddle, the spraying device needs to be mobilized. Therefore, it is difficult to access the spraying device such as when there is an obstacle in front of the puddle or in a narrow space such as a septic tank in the apartment. There are either problems or a number of obstacles that hinder the response in the field.

The larvae control agents developed so far have been liquid, so that they are only sprayed or scattered with a spray device, but the present invention is easy to use and store because the larvae control material is provided in capsule or pill form. It is to provide a biocapsule capable of controlling larvae while maintaining a high concentration without loss of active ingredient in any space inhabited.

The biocapsule of the present invention includes a capsule which dissolves in water where a larvae of pests inhabit, a super absorbent polymer included in the capsule, and a larvae control substance which kills the larvae.

According to the present invention, since it is provided in the form of a capsule, it is easy to inject the biocapsules into a necessary environment, and when the water is supplied, the capsule dissolves and the larvae control material contained in the capsule dissolves and diffuses in the aquatic environment to biologically eradicate the larvae. Therefore, there is no fear of resistance of pests, and it is environmentally friendly and can effectively exterminate pests rather than exterminate adults, and the larvae control substance penetrated into the superabsorbent polymer is continuously supplied to the aquatic environment for a long time, thereby increasing the larval extermination effect. You can.

1 shows a state in which the biocapsules of the present invention are thrown into an aquatic environment, and FIG. 2 shows a state in which the biocapsules of the present invention are thrown into a septic tank.

Referring to Figure 1, mosquito larvae do not live in the center of a large area of the water surface, such as a lake, so that only need to spray the biocapsules 100 around the periphery. The higher the density of larvae produced, the higher the dose of biocapsules. If the larvae are heavily contaminated, the dose of biocapsules will increase. 2, the biocapsule 100 may be added to the apartment septic tank where the mosquitoes are easy to inhabit.

The biocapsules of the present invention include a capsule which is dissolved in water at a place where mosquitoes live, and a super absorbent polymer or larvae control material contained inside the capsule.

The larval control substance includes at least one of BTI (Bacillus thuringiensis var. Israelensis), spherical apococci (Bacillus sphaericus) and insect growth regulators (IGR).

Upon hydration, the capsule dissolves and the larvae control substances contained in the capsule dissolve and diffuse into the aquatic environment, thereby biologically eradicating the larvae.

When the superabsorbent polymer is included, the capsule is dissolved by water, the water is adsorbed by the superabsorbent polymer and the superabsorbent polymer is expanded. The effect can be increased.

Capsules may be made of gelatin processed collagen collected from animal cartilage tissue, etc., made of pectin, or in the form of a starch-based pill. In the present invention, the term 'capsule' is used as a term including both gelatin capsules, pectin capsules, tablets obtained by solidifying the superabsorbent polymer and the larvae control material.

Capsules are manufactured in hard and soft types as needed. Hard capsules are made of gelatin and white sugar as main ingredients, and are made with small amounts of glycerin, gum arabic, agar, colorants, and preservatives, and have a constant hardness. The soft capsule is made by adding pectin or gelatin with sugar and sap of rubber tree to increase the adhesiveness and gives a soft touch when touched by hand.

Hard capsules tend to have short disintegration times (times for the capsules to fully melt) within 5 minutes of hydration. Soft capsules disintegrate more slowly than hard capsules. When the biocapsules are in tablet type, the disintegration time is shortest, so that the larvae control material is diffused in the shortest time.

The superabsorbent polymer is a powder or granular form when dried, and becomes a gel form when water is absorbed and expands in a large volume. In the superabsorbent polymer, the maximum amount of water contained in the anhydrous state is less than the weight of the superabsorbent polymer particles. In the superabsorbent polymer, the amount of water contained in the hydrated state is greater than or equal to the weight of the superabsorbent polymer particles. Especially, the superabsorbent polymer absorbs water several times its own weight and is present in a gel state, so that the larvae control material is trapped between the gels and the aquatic environment. The larvae control material is spread over a long period of time.

If the amount of the super absorbent polymer included in the capsule is relatively low content of the larvae control material, the superabsorbent polymer is preferably included within 10% of the total weight of the biocapsule.

Superabsorbent polymers include starch acrylonitrile graft polymers, carboxymethylcellulose, crosslinked polyacrylates, sulfonated polystyrenes, hydrolyzed polyacrylamides, polyvinyl alcohols, polyethylene oxides, polyvinylpyrrolidines and polyacrylates Substituted or unsubstituted natural or synthetic polymers such as ronitrile and the like.

Problems such as environmental effects and insecticide resistance due to pesticide residues cannot be avoided when the general organic insecticide is continuously used. The biocapsules of the present invention based on microorganisms do not cause environmental effects or resistance problems. However, these microorganisms have a disadvantage in that it is difficult to properly grow in the spraying place, so when produced in the biocapsule form of the present invention, the microorganisms are spread to aquatic environment at high concentration without loss of active ingredients.

Among bacteria that can be produced in culture, BTI (Bacillus thuringiensis var. Israelensis) and Bacillus sphaericus (Bacillus sphaericus) are bacteria that are highly susceptible to many kinds of mosquito larvae.

The following describes BTI (Bacillus thuringiensis var. Israelensis), Bacillus sphaericus, and Insect Growth Regulators (IGR).

1) BTI ( Bacillus thuringiensis var . israelensis )

BTI included in the biocapsules of the present invention are soil bacteria forming spores, and produce crystals of one or more toxic proteins (delta-endotoxin) in each spore in each spore. When mosquito larvae ingest BTI crystals, they dissolve the crystals by alkaline properties and enzymes in the stomach, releasing the toxins of BTI, paralyzing the intestines and destroying the intestinal epithelial cells.

Larvae's lethal effect depends on the amount of BTI ingested, but kills within a few hours after ingestion. Since BTI does not grow naturally after spraying, only spores and crystals are extracted and made into capsules.

Results of BTI's susceptibility experiments on mosquitoes showed that LC50 was 0.001-0.01 mg after 24 hours of treatment with BTI (IPS-78 / 1). The sensitivity of BTI to mosquito larvae is higher in Aedes spp. And Culex spp. Than in Anopheles spp., Which means that Anopheles larva stays on the water surface and feeds. Because of the habit of ingesting.

BTI does not reproduce naturally at the site of spraying, but the insecticidal effect lasts for 3 to 6 weeks, depending on conditions. BTI has a very rapid decomposition after spraying, which does not cause environmental pollution, and is not toxic to most insects such as humans and bees.

At higher water temperatures, BTI is more susceptible to mosquito larvae because the metabolic activity and food intake of mosquito larvae are increased at higher water temperatures. Although salt water does not reduce the efficacy of BTI, it is reported that BTI efficacy decreases 8-9 times in tap water with chlorine content because chlorine inhibits or destroys delta-endotoxin of BTI.

The effects of iron on water are drastically reduced, but they are not affected by pH. BTI decreases efficacy in sewage water, meaning that organic and inorganic substances in the water can affect the action of BTI on mosquito larvae. If the turbidity of the water is high, even if the water becomes turbid with various particles, such as ocher, the BTI action drops off more than twice as much as that of the clear water. This is because toxic crystals of BTI bind to particles in water and interfere with their function. However, in Sato over 150 microns in diameter, the action is not significantly affected. BTI can be affected by ultraviolet radiation, which can be less effective after several days by sunlight.

However, it has been reported that BTI is susceptible to mosquito larvae and has a rapid lethal effect even under environmental conditions that are unfavorable for BTI activity, such as salty wetlands or ponds with a lot of water plants and relatively low water temperatures. BTI, when used in conjunction with organic pesticides such as chlorphoxim or temephos, provides a 1.8-1.9-fold enhancement. BTI does not affect fish and other aquatic life.

Midgets have a very large difference in sensitivity of BTI between species, and usually have moderate sensitivity. Since toxic crystals of BTI are insoluble in water, it is most effective for biological control because it is made of capsules in the form of wettable powder, emulsion, granules and briquet.

2) spherical apococci ( Bacillus sphaericus )

Spheroids Bacillus sphaericus included in the biocapsules of the present invention are spore-forming aerobic bacteria found in the soil, and are reported to be harmless to the human body. Toxic substances of the spherical Bacillus sphaericus, unlike BTI is contained in the cell wall as well as the spores. The substance in the spores (LC50 = 0.37 ng / ml) is about 10 times stronger than the toxins in the cell walls of the Bacillus sphaericus (LC50 = 2.8 ng / ml). The toxic effect of the Bacillus sphaericus on mosquitoes is caused by the dissolution of toxic substances by alkaline properties and enzymes in the stomach as in the case of BTI.

Among the mosquito species, the susceptibility to Culex species is very high, but Anopheles and Aedes species are sensitive to the mosquito species and strains. In general, the susceptibility of Bacillus sphaericus to Anopheles and Aedes species is generally weaker than that of Culex. Young mosquito larvae (1st and 2nd stage) are more susceptible than 3.4th stage larvae.

The spherical Bacillus sphaericus is able to reproduce to some extent in contaminated water and is persistent. Toxic substances of this bacterium are relatively heat resistant, and the toxicity is weakened when it is over 80 ℃, and unlike BTI, it maintains the effect shown at 25-35 ℃ even at 10 ℃. However, it is susceptible to UV rays and salts and is less toxic in strong alkalis (pH 10.0) and weakly acidic environments (pH 4.3).

Since the action of the toxic substance of Bacillus sphaericus is slower than BTI, lethal effects should be measured 48 hours after application. Since spherical Bacillus sphaericus is less effective outdoors than indoors, the application rate should be increased when applied outdoors. Survival and remnant effects of spherical Bacillus sphaericus spores sprayed outdoors are long and the microorganisms are found in the soil after 9 months. Bacillus sphaericus does not affect other aquatic organisms (eg crustaceans, mayflys, flies, midgets, fish, etc.).

3) Insect growth inhibitor IGR  : insect growth regulators )

Insect growth inhibitors included in the biocapsules of the present invention include juvenile hormone analogues (JHA) synthesized from insect juvenile hormone (JH) and insects without chemical similarity to the glaze hormone. It can be divided into chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSI) that inhibit cuticle formation.

Insect growth inhibitors used to control mosquito larvae include Methoprene-JHA, Fenoxycarb-JHA, Pyriproxyfen-JHA, Diflubenzuron-CSI, and Triflumuron. -CSI) at least one. Mosquito larvae that come into contact with or consume it die after being suppressed by the formation of new epidermis after a period of transformation into larvae, pupa or adult. Insect growth inhibitors are highly susceptible to pests and disease-borne insects, including mosquitoes, resulting in lethal effects in mosquitoes at levels of 0.3-50 ppb. Pyriproxyfen-JHA has an excellent control effect with an LC 90 value of 1.0 ppb or less for mosquitoes.

Claims (4)

A biocapsule comprising a capsule which dissolves in water where a larvae of pests inhabit, a super absorbent polymer contained in the capsule, and a larvae control substance that kills the larvae.
The method of claim 1,
The larvae control material is a biocapsule comprising at least one of BTI (Bacillus thuringiensis var. Israelensis), spheroid Bacillus (hacillus sphaericus) and insect growth regulators (IGR).
The method of claim 2,
The superabsorbent polymers include starch acrylonitrile graft polymers, carboxymethylcellulose, crosslinked polyacrylates, sulfonated polystyrenes, hydrolyzed polyacrylamides, polyvinyl alcohols, polyethylene oxides, polyvinylpyrrolidines and poly At least one of acrylonitrile,
The super absorbent polymer is biocapsule, characterized in that contained within 10% of the total weight of the biocapsule.
The method of claim 2,
The insect growth regulators (IGR) are metoperene (Methoprene-JHA), phenoxycarb (Fenoxycarb-JHA), pyriproxyfen (JHA), Diflubenzuron (CSI), triflumuron (Triflumuron-CSI) biocapsule comprising at least one.

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