KR20120068029A - Ferromagnetic material separation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Cylindrical slewing flow path in which the fluid conveying the heterogeneous mixed powder including the ferromagnetic material rotates to exert centrifugal force on the ferromagnetic particles and the other powders, and the cylindrical swivel so that the ferromagnetic particles receive the magnetic force in the direction of the centrifugal force. When the ferromagnetic material is separated from the heterogeneous mixed powder containing the ferromagnetic material by a ferromagnetic separation device having a magnetic field generating device disposed in a plurality of places along the flow path, for example, when iron is separated from the finely divided steel slag, The ferromagnetic material can be separated efficiently.

Description

Separation device of ferromagnetic material {FERROMAGNETIC MATERIAL SEPARATION APPARATUS}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for separating ferromagnetic bodies from heterogeneous mixed powders containing ferromagnetic bodies, and is applied to, for example, the technical field for separating iron powder from slag generated in a steelmaking process.

In the steelmaking process (particularly, hot metal pretreatment or converter furnace process), massive slag (steel slag) is generated. These slags are produced by the reaction of calcium-based additives added to remove impurities and molten elements in molten iron or molten steel, and the slag contains not only the elemental compounds removed but also iron. The slag is mostly in the form of a lump, and the size of the slag is a few hundred mm in size.

As described above, since slag contains a lot of iron, its recycling has been actively studied in the past. In addition, the reuse of slag itself as a calcium-containing material has been studied.

For example, in order to separate and recover iron powder from slag, and to mix it with scrap in a converter process, and to cold-source it, a large number of large slag agglomerates of several hundred mm are first called sieve (grizzly). Shape selection with a Grisley type sieve). Next, the small slag lump passing through the Grisley type sieve is crushed by a hammer crusher or a rod mill because the iron lump and the non-iron lump are fixed. By doing this, the size of several hundreds of micrometers to several tens of millimeters is promoted to promote the liberation of iron and non-ferrous particles. Thereafter, the iron powder and the non-ferrous powder are separated by a magnetic separator. Magnetic separators are suspending electro magnets, drums (magnetic drum separators), pulleys (magnetic pulleys) and the like.

As means for separating the iron powder alone, the slag may be heated, and then the cooling time thereafter may be controlled and crushed. Depending on the cooling time, it is possible to crush and separate only the nonferrous lumps stuck together without crushing the iron lumps. Or it can be atomized about tens of micrometers.

It goes without saying that when atomization proceeds in either method, the group separation between iron and non-ferrous powder proceeds. In addition, about the classification technique, such as a metal particle from slag, it is described by patent document 1 and patent document 2, for example.

Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2006-142136 Japanese Patent Publication No. 10-130041

In order to improve the separation concentration of iron from the steel slag, it is necessary to proceed with the single separation of iron and non-ferrous powder. As described above, when atomization proceeds, since single separation progresses, mechanical crushing of the slag mass is repeated to reduce the particle size. Alternatively, the particle size may be reduced by heat treatment.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, generally, in the conventional magnetic separation apparatus 100, when a particle diameter becomes small, nonferrous particle (nonmagnetic particle | grains) between the magnet 110 and iron powder (magnetic particle 101) 102), the inclusion phenomenon 107, or the aggregation phenomenon 108 by dry atomization, etc., tends to occur. These phenomena tend to cause the nonmagnetic particles 102 to be separated on the magnetic side 105 or, conversely, the magnetic particles 101 to be separated on the nonmagnetic side 104. It becomes difficult to improve the concentration (separation precision). Therefore, the speed of the supply 103 of the heterogeneous mixed powder 111 (the mixed powder of the magnetic particle 101 and the non-magnetic particle 102 in FIG. 9) to a magnetic separation apparatus is made extremely slow, and the heterogeneous mixed powder The invention of thinning the layer thickness on the apparatus of 111 is necessary. However, since the steel slag needs to process several tons to several tens of tons per hour, the use of the magnetic sorting device that has to make the supply speed extremely slow is not practical.

In contrast, Patent Literature 1 discloses a technique for separating iron and non-ferrous powder without crushing slag lumps. However, the separation step is complicated, which increases the processing cost.

Moreover, the wet process as disclosed in patent document 2 is also devised as a particle separation method which can avoid aggregation by dry atomization. In wet processes, however, the waste disposal costs are enormous.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and when ferromagnetic material is separated from heterogeneous mixed powder containing ferromagnetic material, for example, when ferromagnetic material is separated from finely divided steel slag, ferromagnetic material is efficiently separated. It is an object of the present invention to provide a separation device for ferromagnetic material.

As described above, in order to improve the separation concentration of iron from the steel slag, it is necessary to first atomize the steel slag to advance the single separation of iron and non-ferrous powder.

Next, iron and non-ferrous powder are separated from the atomized steel slag, but the steel slag is premised on mass processing (several to several tens of tons per hour). As described above, the general magnetic screening is inevitably slowed down due to the inclusion of particles and the aggregation of particles, and thus cannot be applied to such cases on the premise of mass processing.

Then, the present inventors earnestly examined in order to solve the problem which arises when separating a ferromagnetic substance from the heterogeneous mixed powder containing a ferromagnetic substance, such as the case where iron powder is isolate | separated from the atomized steel slag as mentioned above. As a result, when separating the ferromagnetic material from the heterogeneous mixed powder including the ferromagnetic material, the force of varying the magnitude of the air flow or stream of the disperse mixed powder according to the difference in the mass of the powder is changed. For example, centrifugal force) is used to guide the separation chamber (mass difference separation chamber) to be separated, and in the mass difference separation chamber, the magnetic force in addition to the centrifugal force is applied to the ferromagnetic material in the heterogeneous mixed powder. Reached.

That is, for example, in a heterogeneous mixed powder in which two kinds of powders are mixed, if there is a range overlapping the mass distribution of one powder in each kind of powder, the powders in the range are appropriately separated by mass difference separation. It is difficult to separate and recover, and the recovery amount and recovery rate of each powder are inevitably reduced. Thus, using one powder as a ferromagnetic material and the other powder as a nonmagnetic material, the magnetic force in addition to the centrifugal force is applied to the ferromagnetic material in the range where the mass distribution of one powder overlaps with the mass distribution of the other powder. By acting on, the ferromagnetic substance and the nonmagnetic substance can be separated and recovered appropriately. Thereby, a recovery amount and a recovery rate can be improved.

In the case of recovering the particles of high purity slag by separating and removing the iron particles from the heterogeneous mixed powder in which the particles of the slag (nonmagnetic material) and the particles of iron (ferromagnetic material) are mixed (and / or the iron of high purity) The case where the particle | grains are collect | recovered "is demonstrated using FIG.

First, as shown in Fig. 8A, when the mass distribution of one particle is viewed, the range of M1 having a small mass is only slag, and the range of M3 having a large mass is only iron, but the range of middle M2 is slag. And iron overlap.

In this case, in order to recover the high purity slag by mass difference separation, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), when the mass difference separation position T is a boundary between M1 and M2, the range of M1 is on the side where the mass is small. Can be recovered with a purity of 100%. However, since the slag of M2 is separated to the side with a larger mass at that time, the amount of slag recovered is limited.

Therefore, in order to increase the recovery amount of slag, as shown in Fig. 8 (c), it is conceivable to move the mass difference separation position T by ΔM toward the side having the larger mass. In this case, the slag of the area S1 in the figure is also recovered to the side where the mass is smaller, and the amount of recovery of the slag is increased. As a result, the purity of the slag recovered to the side with the smaller mass is greatly reduced.

On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 8 (d), when the mass difference separation position T is moved by ΔM toward the side with the larger mass to perform mass difference separation, magnetic force is applied to the iron particles in the range of ΔM. If the iron in the region of S3 in the figure is separated and removed to the side with the higher mass, the iron recovered to the side with the smaller mass is only that of the region of S4 in the figure. As a result, the slag of high purity can be collect | recovered abundantly from the side with a small mass. In the case where importance is placed on the purity of iron recovered from the side with the larger mass, for example, the mass difference separation position T is defined as the boundary between M2 and M3, and magnetic force is applied in the same manner to at least part of the iron of M2. It is good to collect to this large side.

Ideally, if the mass difference separation position (T) is set at the boundary between M2 and M3, and all the iron in the range of M2 can be separated on the side with the higher mass, all slag is 100% pure on the side with the lower mass. The iron can be recovered and all iron can be recovered from the side having a large mass.

One example of the method based on the above idea is a method of applying magnetic force to centrifugation using air flow or water flow swing. Specifically, the heterogeneous mixed powder is dispersed in the air stream or the water stream to form a flow path through which the air stream or water flow turns to exert a centrifugal force on the powder, and the magnetic field generating device moves along the flow path so that the ferromagnetic material receives magnetic force in the direction of the centrifugal force. It is a method of arranging one or more places so that centrifugal force and magnetic force act on the ferromagnetic material.

That is, first, the mixed heterogeneous powder containing the ferromagnetic material is conveyed as a fluid (air flow or water stream), and the hetero mixed powder is made into a dispersed state through this. In particular, when the fluid is water flow, the dispersing effect is great only by administering the heterogeneous mixed powder during the water flow. When the fluid is airflow, the dispersed state is realized by using a diffuser plate or pressurized diffuser air. And a shearing force acts on conveying particle | grains (heterogeneous mixed powder) by the turbulence effect in a fluid (air flow or water flow) during conveyance, and the single-separated state which loosened | aggregated is realized. Next, a flow path is formed so that the fluid carrying the heterogeneous mixed powder turns, thereby exerting a centrifugal force on the heterogeneous mixed powder, and allowing a magnetic force to act in the direction in which the centrifugal force acts. Thereby, each particle of the heterogeneous mixed powder which became into a dispersed state (single-separated state) moves to the outer side of a turning by centrifugal force, and finally comes into contact with the wall of a flow path, and decelerates and captures, but the effect of the magnetic force acting thereon As a result, magnetic force is selectively added to the centrifugal force only to the ferromagnetic particles. Therefore, the separation effect is increased with respect to the ferromagnetic particles, so that even small diameters, that is, ferromagnetic particles having a small mass, can be separated.

As described above, only the separation based on the difference in mass cannot separate the ferromagnetic substance and the nonmagnetic particles which are other powders. Therefore, it is the present invention that it is possible to remarkably improve the separation efficiency of the ferromagnetic component by using the magnetic force together and applying the magnetic force only to the ferromagnetic component.

Based on the above idea, the present invention has the following features.

[1] A ferromagnetic separator for separating ferromagnetic bodies from heterogeneous mixed powders including ferromagnetic bodies, comprising: a flow path for dispersing the heterogeneous mixed powders in which air or water flows to exert centrifugal force on the heterogeneous mixed powders, and a ferromagnetic body in the direction of the centrifugal force. And at least one magnetic field generating device disposed along the flow path so as to receive a magnetic force, and the centrifugal force and the magnetic force act on the ferromagnetic material.

[2] The magnetic field generating device according to the above [1], wherein the magnetic field generating device has a configuration capable of adjusting the magnitude of the magnetic flux density acting on the space through which the ferromagnetic material passes.

[3] The ferromagnetic separation device according to the above [2], wherein the magnetic field generating device is configured to repeat the magnitude of the magnetic flux density acting on the space through which the ferromagnetic material passes for a predetermined period.

[4] The ferromagnetic separator according to the above [3], wherein the size of the magnetic flux density is reduced after decreasing the flow velocity of the air stream or the water stream in which the heterogeneous mixed powders leading to the separation chamber are dispersed.

[5] The ferromagnetic separation device according to the above [4], wherein the magnetic flux density is increased before the flow rate of the air flow or the water flow is increased.

In the present invention, when separating (centrifugal) a ferromagnetic substance from heterogeneous mixed powder containing a ferromagnetic substance, the magnetic force acting only on the ferromagnetic substance is made to act in the direction of the centrifugal force, thereby improving the separation accuracy of the ferromagnetic substance significantly. As compared with the case of separating by magnetic separation as described above, the ferromagnetic substance can be separated efficiently. As a result, the ferromagnetic material can be recycled in large quantities and at high speed.

1 is a diagram showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
2 is a diagram showing Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
3 is a diagram showing Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
4 is a diagram showing Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a variation of Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG.
6 is a view showing another variation of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
7 is a diagram showing Example 1 of the present invention.
8 is a view showing the basic idea of the present invention.
9 is a diagram showing a problem of the prior art (general magnetic screening).

(Form to carry out invention)

Embodiment of this invention is described based on drawing.

In the following embodiments, the ferromagnetic material is separated from the heterogeneous mixed powder containing a ferromagnetic material, such as when iron is separated from the finely divided steel slag. However, the method for obtaining the heterogeneous mixed powder containing the ferromagnetic material is a steel slag. The case of atomizing is described as an example.

As a method of atomizing the steel slag, the method of the first atomization is mechanical grinding. Mechanical crushing of steel slag is roughly crushed with a rough crusher, a hammer crusher or a jaw crusher, followed by a ball mill, a rod mill, a jet mill, a pin for atomization. A pin mill or the like is used. The method of the second atomization is thermal grinding (heat treatment grinding). The steel slag is heated to about 1000 to 1300 ° C. and then cooled.

In this way, a heterogeneous mixed powder (a mixture of ferromagnetic particles and nonmagnetic particles) containing a ferromagnetic material can be obtained. In addition, in this application, the particle | grains isolate | separated by appropriate magnetic force selection may be called ferromagnetic particle, and it may be regarded as a nonmagnetic particle substantially other than the said ferromagnetic particle.

In the following embodiments, the ferromagnetic particles are separated from the heterogeneous mixed powder (mixture of ferromagnetic particles and nonmagnetic particles) including the ferromagnetic material obtained as described above. In this case, it is assumed that the ferromagnetic particles have a larger mass than the nonmagnetic particles, such as iron and steel slag. In the opposite case, the direction of the magnetic force may be appropriately changed, such as making the position of the magnetic field generating device into the inside of the turning flow passage with reference to the following embodiment.

Embodiment 1

Embodiment 1 of this invention is shown in FIG.

As shown in a schematic plan view in FIG. 1 (a) and a schematic elevation in FIG. 1 (b), the ferromagnetic separation device 11 according to the first embodiment includes heterogeneous mixed powders (ferromagnetic particles 1 and nonmagnetic particles). 2) the cylindrical swirl flow path 12 and the centrifugal force of the centrifugal force to which the fluid (air flow or water flow) which conveys 2) rotates and exerts centrifugal force on the ferromagnetic particle 1 and the nonmagnetic particle 2; The magnetic field generating device 13 arrange | positioned in several places along the cylindrical turning flow path 12 so that the ferromagnetic particle 1 may receive a magnetic force in the direction is provided.

As the cylindrical swing flow passage 12, a generally known cyclone separator can be used. Or the turning flow path of the similar shape may be sufficient.

In addition, the magnetic field generating device 13 uses a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. The magnetic field may be generated at a plurality of locations along the cylindrical swirl flow passage 12. The larger the number, the greater the effect, but for example, is arranged at about 2 to 6 locations. The magnetic field force may be selected to about 100G (Gauss) to 20000G (Gauss) depending on the separation particle diameter.

In the ferromagnetic separation device 11 configured as described above, first, the heterogeneous mixed powder (mixture of the ferromagnetic particles 1 and the nonmagnetic particles 2) is conveyed by a fluid (air flow or water flow). The powder is in a dispersed state. That is, the shearing force acts on the heterogeneous mixed powder by the turbulence effect of the fluid during conveyance, and the single-separated state which loosened | aggregated was realized.

Then, the fluid flowing in the cylindrical swirl flow passage 12 rotates to act on the ferromagnetic particles 1 and the nonmagnetic particles 2, and in the same direction as the centrifugal force, the magnetic field generating device ( 13), the magnetic force acts on the ferromagnetic particles 1. For this reason, the ferromagnetic particles 1 and the non-magnetic particles 2, which have been separated from each other, are moved outward by the centrifugal force, and finally are caught in contact with the wall 12a of the cylindrical swing flow passage 12. By the effect of the magnetic force from the magnetic field generating device 13 acting thereon, the magnetic force is selectively added to the ferromagnetic particles 1 selectively to the centrifugal force.

In addition, since the ferromagnetic particles 1 have a large mass, the centrifugal force acting increases, and thus the ferromagnetic particles 1 tend to be close to the wall 12a of the cylindrical swing flow passage 12. On the other hand, since the nonmagnetic particles 2 are small in mass, the centrifugal force acting is small, and thus the nonmagnetic particles 2 are located at a relatively central side of the cylindrical swing flow passage 12.

As a result, the ferromagnetic particles 1 acting on both the centrifugal force and the magnetic force 16 act in contact with the wall of the flow path to decelerate (a state of reference 1a), and the weight side recovery box provided below the cylindrical swing flow path 12. It is separated and recovered by (14) (state of code | symbol 1b). On the other hand, the nonmagnetic particles 2 acting only on the centrifugal force 15 are transported as they are in a fluid and discharged from the upper portion of the cylindrical swing flow passage 12 to the light weight side (state of reference 2a).

In addition, only normal centrifugation separates the centrifugal force from the flow rate and the turning diameter, and the separation particle diameter is determined. For this reason, when the flow rate is increased in order to increase the separation recovery amount of the ferromagnetic particles 1 captured by the wall 12a, the separation recovery amount of the nonmagnetic particles 2 including the ferromagnetic particles 1 also increases. The recovery concentration (separation precision) of the particles 1 does not improve. In contrast, in the first embodiment, since the recovery amount of the ferromagnetic particles 1 can be improved by adjusting the force of the magnetic field, the recovery concentration of the ferromagnetic particles 1 can be improved.

Embodiment 2

Embodiment 2 of this invention is shown in FIG. In the second embodiment, the basic idea is the same as in the first embodiment. However, instead of the cylindrical swing flow path 12 in the first embodiment, the swing flow path 22 by the spiral pipe is used, and gas is used as the fluid.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), a schematic plan view and FIG. 2 (b) show a ferromagnetic separation device 21 according to the second embodiment, heterogeneous mixed powders (ferromagnetic particles 1 and nonmagnetic materials). A spiral pipe turning flow passage 22 in which a fluid (in this case, airflow) into which the particles 2 are mixed is rotated to exert centrifugal force on the ferromagnetic particles 1 and the nonmagnetic particles 2, and the centrifugal force thereof. The magnetic field generating device 23 is provided in multiple places along the spiral piping turning flow path 22 so that the ferromagnetic particles 1 receive magnetic force in the direction of.

In addition, the magnetic field generating device 23 uses a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. The magnetic field may be generated at a plurality of locations along the spiral pipe turning flow passage 22. The larger the number, the greater the effect. For example, the magnetic field is arranged at about 2 to 6 locations. The magnetic field force may be selected to about 100G (Gauss) to 20000G (Gauss) depending on the separation particle diameter.

In the ferromagnetic separation apparatus 21 configured as described above, first, the heterogeneous mixed powder (mixture of the ferromagnetic particles 1 and the nonmagnetic particles 2) is conveyed in an air stream, so that the heterogeneous mixed powder has a dispersed state. do. That is, the shearing force acts on the heterogeneous mixed powder by the turbulence effect of airflow during conveyance, and the single-separated state which loosened | aggregated was realized.

Then, the airflow flowing through the spiral pipe turning flow passage 22 is rotated so that the centrifugal force acts on the ferromagnetic particles 1 and the nonmagnetic particles 2, and in the same direction as the centrifugal force, the magnetic field generating device ( 23), the magnetic force acts on the ferromagnetic particles 1. Therefore, the ferromagnetic particles 1 and the non-magnetic particles 2, which have been separated from each other, are moved to the outside of the turning by centrifugal force, and finally captured in contact with the wall 22a of the spiral pipe turning flow passage 22. Due to the effect of the magnetic force from the magnetic field generating device 23 acting thereon, the magnetic force is selectively added to the ferromagnetic particles 1 selectively to the centrifugal force.

As a result, the ferromagnetic particles 1 acting on both the centrifugal force and the magnetic force 26 act in contact with the wall of the flow path to decelerate (a state indicated by reference numeral 1c), and the recovery box 24 provided at the outlet of the spiral pipe turning flow passage 22. ), The nonmagnetic particles 2 which are separated (recovered) (represented by reference numeral 1d) and act on only centrifugal force 25 are conveyed as they are by air flow (represented by reference characters 2c and 2d).

In addition, only normal centrifugation separates the centrifugal force from the flow rate and the turning diameter, and the separation particle diameter is determined. For this reason, when the flow velocity is increased to increase the separation recovery amount of the ferromagnetic particles 1 captured by the wall 22a, the separation recovery amount of the nonmagnetic particles 2 including the ferromagnetic particles 1 also increases, and thus the ferromagnetic material The recovery concentration of the particles 1 does not improve. In contrast, in the second embodiment, since the recovery amount of the ferromagnetic particles 1 can be improved by adjusting the intensity of the magnetic field, the recovery concentration of the ferromagnetic particles 1 can be improved. Liquid may also be used as the fluid.

Embodiment 3

Embodiment 3 of this invention is shown in FIG.

In the third embodiment, the magnetic field generating device is capable of adjusting the magnitude of the magnetic flux density (magnetic flux density of the ferromagnetic particle passage space) acting on the space through which the ferromagnetic particles pass, and the magnitude of the magnetic flux density for each fixed period is large and small. To repeat.

As described above, in the first and second embodiments, permanent magnets and electromagnets are used as the magnetic field generating devices 13 and 23, but in the third embodiment, the electromagnet is used.

That is, as shown in a schematic plan view in Fig. 3A, in the third embodiment, as the magnetic field generating devices 13 and 23, five electromagnets (first electromagnet 301 to fifth electromagnet 305) are shown. This is arranged.

As described above, when an electromagnet is used as the magnetic field generating devices 13 and 23, the ferromagnetic material attracted to the wall of the magnetic field generating unit by repeating energizing and deenergizing of the electromagnet at regular intervals. There is an advantage that the particles 1 can be dropped 1e at the time of non-excitation. At this time, as shown in Fig. 3B (operation schedule of the magnetic field), when the switching timing of the electromagnets adjacent to each other is shifted, it is possible to maintain a state in which several electromagnets are acting at any time, and thus the ferromagnetic particles 1 It is possible to perform the action of dropping and magnetic force together.

In addition, although the magnitude | size of the magnetic flux density of a ferromagnetic particle passing space is repeated for every fixed period here by repeating the excitation (ON) and non-excitation (OFF) of an electromagnet every fixed period here, it is completely non-excited (OFF). It is not limited to what is set as. In other words, the magnitude of the magnetic flux density in the ferromagnetic particle passing space may be repeated for a certain period by changing the magnitude of the excitation current of the electromagnet at a predetermined threshold or less for each period. The same also applies to the following forms and examples.

In addition, the electromagnet may be alternatingly driven to achieve the same effect. Although the frequency is arbitrary, depending on the characteristics of the electromagnet and the drive device, the force of the magnetic field may become insufficient in the high frequency range. Therefore, in the case of an electromagnet having a number of turns of about 1000 turns with a driving power of about 2 kW, the frequency may be about 50 Hz. As in the above-described switching method of the neighboring electromagnets, by shifting the phases of the neighboring electromagnets, some electromagnets always generate a magnetic field of sufficient size at any moment.

In some cases, the same work may be performed using the permanent magnet as the magnetic field generating devices 13 and 23. In such a case, a mechanism capable of adjusting the position of the permanent magnet is provided so that the position of the permanent magnet can approach or move away from the wall of the magnetic field generating portion, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the magnetic flux density in the ferromagnetic particle passage space. The magnitude of the magnetic flux density can be repeated at regular intervals.

In principle, the interval between female and non-excitation is not required to be a fixed period. However, it is preferable to set the interval between fixed and non-excited in order to avoid the complicated operation and to ensure stable operation. However, the period of women and non-women does not have to be the same length, and the period of women and non-women may be different for each electromagnet.

The magnetic field generating device controls the magnetic field generating device according to the storage means for storing the operation schedule as shown in FIG. 3 (b), for example, in order to repeat the magnitude of the magnetic flux density in the ferromagnetic particle passage space at regular intervals. It is preferable to have a control means (for example, controlling the current flowing to each electromagnet or controlling the position of each permanent magnet).

Embodiment 4

Embodiment 4 of this invention is shown in FIGS.

In the third embodiment, the magnitude of the magnetic flux density in the ferromagnetic particle passage space is repeated for each period. However, when the size of the magnetic flux density is reduced while the fluid (water flow and air flow) in which the heterogeneous mixed powder is dispersed flows at a predetermined flow rate, the ferromagnetic particles in which the adhesion force by the magnetic force does not work are introduced into the fluid by the fluid force. It may fly up and collect | recover to the lightweight side of centrifugation.

Therefore, in Embodiment 4, the flow velocity of the fluid (water flow, airflow) which disperse | distributed heterogeneous mixed powder is once made small, and the structure which makes the magnitude | size of the magnetic flux density of a ferromagnetic particle passage space small is provided.

Or additionally, before increasing the flow velocity of the fluid (water flow, air flow) again (returning to the original size), the configuration of increasing the magnetic flux density of the ferromagnetic particle passage space (returning to the original size) have.

For example, as shown in FIG. 4 (operation schedule of a fluid and a magnetic field), when repeating the state which excited a magnet (excitation ON) and the state which made the magnet non-excitation (excitation OFF), the fluid was prescribed | regulated. The state flowing at the flow velocity (fluid ON) and the state in which the flow of the fluid is completely stopped (fluid OFF) are repeated, and the fluid is turned off before being turned off.

Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 5 (different operation schedules of fluid and magnetic field), the excitation is turned on before the fluid is turned on again. In other words, the fluid is turned ON after the excitation is turned ON.

In addition, instead of FIG. 4, as shown in FIG. 6 (another operation schedule of a fluid and a magnetic field), the threshold value is set to the flow velocity of a fluid, the fluid flow rate is more than a threshold value, and fluid ON, The fluid flow rate may be set to the fluid OFF state after the threshold is lower than the threshold value, and then to the excitation OFF state after the fluid OFF state.

In addition, the threshold value is also set for the excitation, and the excitation ON and the excitation OFF (including the case where the excitation is less than the complete excitation OFF) are set to the fluid OFF based on the threshold value. It may be made to be OFF.

In addition, switching of the fluid ON and the fluid OFF can be performed by adjusting the thrust of a fluid (pump and a blower), and the adjustment of the damper opening provided in the fluid flow path.

Accordingly, in the fourth embodiment, by reducing the size of the magnetic flux density in the ferromagnetic particle passage space, even when the braking force by the magnetic force is difficult to act on the ferromagnetic particles, the fluid force acting is reduced, whereby the ferromagnetic particles are in the fluid. There is no flying off, and the ferromagnetic particles are reliably recovered to the weight side of the centrifugation.

The ferromagnetic separation device comprises storage means for storing an operation schedule (of fluid and magnetic field) and a magnetic field generating device in accordance with the schedule in order to realize the operation as illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6. For example, control means for controlling the current flowing to each electromagnet or controlling the position of each permanent magnet, and for controlling the thrust or damper opening of the fluid (for example, the aforementioned pump or the like) for controlling the flow velocity of the fluid according to the schedule. It is preferred to have a control means.

Thus, in Embodiment 1-4, when the ferromagnetic particle 1 is separated (centrifuged) from the heterogeneous mixed powder containing the ferromagnetic particle 1, the magnetic force which acts only on the ferromagnetic particle 1 is centrifugal force. To act in the direction of. For this reason, the separation precision of the ferromagnetic particles 1 is greatly improved, and the ferromagnetic particles 1 can be separated efficiently with respect to the separation by magnetic separation as in the prior art. As a result, the ferromagnetic material can be recycled in large quantities and at high speed.

In the present invention, both a gas and a liquid are suitable as the fluid, but in the case of containing a large amount of fine powder of 30 microns or less, it is preferable to use water flow. In addition, in this invention, there is no limitation in particular in the kind, particle diameter of a ferromagnetic substance, a nonmagnetic substance, the compounding ratio in a heterogeneous mixed powder, etc. That is, as long as the powder can be the object of centrifugation, the present invention can be applied without particular limitation.

[Example]

Example 1

As an example of the present invention, based on Embodiment 4 of the present invention, ferromagnetic particles (iron powder) are separated and removed from a mixture of ferromagnetic particles (iron powder) and nonmagnetic particles (slag) to recover nonmagnetic particles (slag). Done. Steelmaking slag (iron average about 10-20 mass%) was refine | miniaturized about 250 micrometers in average particle diameter previously with the ball mill, and the process by the separation apparatus was performed. In addition, the apparatus used the ferromagnetic substance separation apparatus 11 shown in FIG.

At that time, as shown in FIG. 6, the threshold is set to the flow rate of the fluid, and as shown in FIG. 7, the fluid flow rate is 5 m / s or more, and the fluid is ON and the fluid flow rate is less than 5 m / s. Was turned off. In addition, the state of 2000G was made into excitation ON and the excitation stop state was made into excitation OFF. After the fluid was turned off, the excitation was turned off. The order of fluid ON and excitation ON was the same as in FIG. 4.

For comparison, as a conventional example, a ferromagnetic particle (iron powder) is separated and removed from a mixture of ferromagnetic particles (iron powder) and nonmagnetic particles (slag) using a conventional centrifugal separator without a magnetic field generating device. To recover the nonmagnetic particles (slag). Comparative Example The apparatus configuration was the same as that of the ferromagnetic substance separating apparatus 11 shown in FIG. 1 except for the magnetic field generating apparatus.

As a result, in the conventional example, the ferromagnetic particles (iron powder) in the light weight side recovery part were 0.5% in mass% of the ferromagnetic particles (iron powder) in the non-magnetic particles (slag). The ratio recovered to the side greatly decreased, and the separation efficiency of the ferromagnetic particles (iron powder) into the nonmagnetic particles (slag) on the light weight side was 0.2% by mass%, and the separation efficiency was dramatically improved.

By this invention, the separation precision at the time of separating a ferromagnetic substance from the heterogeneous mixed powder containing a ferromagnetic substance is remarkably improved, and it becomes possible to isolate | separate in large quantity and high speed. For this reason, the efficiency of recovery and recycling of ferromagnetic components and non-ferromagnetic components from the heterogeneous mixture can be improved.

1: ferromagnetic particles
1a: Ferromagnetic particles captured on the wall
1b: recovered ferromagnetic particles
1c: ferromagnetic particles captured on the wall
1d: Ferromagnetic particles captured, separated and recovered
1e: Ferromagnetic particles with trapped sedimentation resolved
2: nonmagnetic particles
2a: discharged nonmagnetic particles
2c: nonmagnetic particles conveyed in the air stream
2d: nonmagnetic particles carried in the air stream
11: ferromagnetic separation device
12: cylindrical turning flow path (cylindrical turning flow path)
12a: wall of cylindrical turning flow path
13: magnetic field generating device
14 weight side collection box
21: ferromagnetic separation device
22: Slewing flow path by spiral piping (Spiral piping turning flow path)
22a: wall of spiral piping turning euro
23: magnetic field generating device
24: recovery box
100: conventional magnetic separator
101: magnetic particles
102: nonmagnetic particles
103: supply of heterogeneous mixed powder
104: nonmagnetic side recovery unit
105: magnetic side recovery portion
106a: Moxibustion of Particles
106b: falling away from particles
107 particle inclusion phenomenon
108: agglomeration of particles
109: electrostatic adhesion of particles
110: Magnet
111: heterogeneous mixed powder
301: first electromagnet
302: second electromagnet
303: third electromagnet
304: fourth electromagnet
305: fifth electromagnet
T: mass difference separation position

Claims (5)

A ferromagnetic separation device for separating ferromagnetic material from heterogeneous mixed powder including ferromagnetic material,
A flow path in which the air or water stream in which the heterogeneous mixed powder is dispersed turns to exert a centrifugal force on the heterogeneous mixed powder,
An apparatus for separating ferromagnetic materials, comprising: a magnetic field generating device disposed at one or more places along the flow path such that the ferromagnetic material receives a magnetic force in the direction of the centrifugal force, so that the centrifugal force and the magnetic force act on the ferromagnetic material. The method of claim 1,
The magnetic field generating device of the ferromagnetic separation device having a configuration in which the magnetic flux density acting on the space through which the ferromagnetic material passes. The method of claim 2,
A magnetic field generating device, wherein the magnetic field generating device is configured to repeat the magnitude of the magnetic flux density acting on the space through which the ferromagnetic material passes for a predetermined period. The method of claim 3,
A ferromagnetic separation device in which the size of the magnetic flux density is reduced after reducing the flow velocity of the air stream or the water stream in which the heterogeneous mixed powders leading to the separation chamber are dispersed. The method of claim 4, wherein
A ferromagnetic separation device that increases the magnitude of magnetic flux density before increasing the flow velocity of air or water flow.

Images