KR20120060362A - Wastewater Treatment System - Google Patents

Wastewater Treatment System Download PDF

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KR20120060362A
KR20120060362A KR20100121825A KR20100121825A KR20120060362A KR 20120060362 A KR20120060362 A KR 20120060362A KR 20100121825 A KR20100121825 A KR 20100121825A KR 20100121825 A KR20100121825 A KR 20100121825A KR 20120060362 A KR20120060362 A KR 20120060362A
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electrolysis tank
treatment system
fuel cell
solar cell
wastewater treatment
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KR20100121825A
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Korean (ko)
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KR101231854B1 (en
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박해웅
김성준
김성우
박보현
김송
김지혜
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한국기술교육대학교 산학협력단
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109Electrodes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46152Electrodes characterised by the shape or form
    • C02F2001/46157Perforated or foraminous electrodes
    • C02F2001/46161Porous electrodes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/46155Heating or cooling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/4616Power supply
    • C02F2201/46165Special power supply, e.g. solar energy or batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 오폐수 처리시스템에 관한 것으로, 유입된 오폐수를 전기분해하는 전기분해수조; 상기 전기분해수조에 연결되어 전기분해에 필요한 구동력을 제공하도록 음극과양극을 갖는 태양전지; 상기 전기분해수조에서 전기분해된 수소와 산소를 반응시켜 물을 생성하는 연료전지를 포함한다.
본 발명에 의하면, 전기분해 구동력이 되는 태양전지와 발생 기체를 정제하는 기체응축기 그리고 높은 순도로 재정제하는 연료전지를 통해 전기분해된 수소와 산소가 연료전지에서 재결합하여 순도 높은 물로 정제될 수 있다.
The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment system, comprising: an electrolysis tank for electrolyzing introduced wastewater; A solar cell having a cathode and an anode connected to the electrolysis tank to provide a driving force for electrolysis; It includes a fuel cell for generating water by reacting the hydrogen and oxygen electrolyzed in the electrolysis tank.
According to the present invention, electrolyzed hydrogen and oxygen may be recombined in a fuel cell to be purified into high purity water through a solar cell serving as an electrolytic driving force, a gas condenser for purifying generated gas, and a fuel cell repurified to high purity. .

Description

오폐수 처리시스템{Wastewater Treatment System}Wastewater Treatment System

본 발명은 오폐수 처리 후 사용되는 부산물을 이용한 재생에너지를 전력으로 사용할 수 있도록 한 오폐수 처리시스템에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment system that enables the use of renewable energy using power by-products used after wastewater treatment.

일반적으로 급격한 경제발전 과정에서 환경보전에 대한 인식이 부족하였다는 것은 주지의 사실이다. 이처럼 환경보전에 대한 인식의 부족으로 인하여 대기는 물론 수질 또한 그 오염의 정도가 매우 심각한 지경에 이르렀다. 특히, 생활하수, 농?축산폐수 및 산업폐수 등은 호소, 내만 및 내해 등의 공용 수역과 도시 중소 하천 등의 수질을 오염시키는 원인이 되고 있다.It is well known that there is a lack of awareness of environmental conservation in the course of rapid economic development. Due to this lack of awareness of environmental conservation, the level of pollution as well as air quality has reached a very serious level. In particular, domestic sewage, agricultural and livestock waste, and industrial wastewater cause pollution of public waters such as appeals, inner bays and inland seas, and urban small and medium rivers.

따라서, 수질의 오염으로 인한 호소, 내만 및 내해 등의 총질소(N)와 총인(P)에 관련된 수질환경 기준인 COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand), BOD(Biochemical Oxygen Demand)의 달성률은 매우 낮은 상태이다. 더욱이 하천, 호소 및 댐은 식수원인 경우가 많기 때문에 곰팡이 냄새, 여과장해 및 유독성 조류의 이상 증식 등은 커다란 수질오염의 원인으로 대두되고 있다.Therefore, the achievement rate of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), which are related to total nitrogen (N) and total phosphorus (P) such as appeal due to water pollution, internal bay and inland sea, are very low. . Moreover, because rivers, lakes and dams are often sources of drinking water, mold odors, filter disturbances, and abnormal growth of toxic algae are emerging as causes of major water pollution.

종래의 생활하수, 농?축산폐수 및 산업폐수의 오염물질은 주로 일정한 미생물에 의해 분해가 가능한 유기물인 반면에 근래에 들어서 급속한 산업의 발달과 인구증가 및 도시의 인구 집중으로 인하여 각종 용수량의 증가와 함께 폐수 중에 무기 및 유기성분이 차지하는 비율이 점차로 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 특히, 축산시설의 폐수, 피혁공장의 폐수, 염색공장의 폐수 등은 악성폐수를 배출하는 산업으로 하천, 호소, 해안, 만 등의 수질을 오염시키는 가장 큰 원인이라 할 수 있다.Contaminants of conventional sewage, agricultural and livestock waste, and industrial wastewater are mainly organic matters that can be decomposed by certain microorganisms, but in recent years, due to rapid industrial development, population growth, and urban population concentration, In addition, the proportion of inorganic and organic components in the waste water is gradually increasing. In particular, wastewater from livestock facilities, wastewater from leather factories, and wastewater from dyeing factories are the industries that discharge malignant wastewater, and may be the biggest cause of polluting water quality such as rivers, lakes, coasts, and bays.

전술한 바와 같은 생활하수, 농?축산폐수 및 산업폐수를 처리하는데 있어서 국내의 경우 미생물의 부유식 성장을 이용한 표준 활성슬러지법 및 그 변법이 거의 보편적으로 이용되어 왔다. 그러나, 기존의 활성슬러지법은 호소, 내만 및 내해 등의 공용 수역과 도시 중소 하천 등에 있어서 폐수에 포함된 불순물의 제거 및 분리가 어려워 근래에는 전해처리를 통한 불순물의 응집을 통해 처리하는 폐수처리장치가 개발되어 사용되고 있다.In the domestic sewage, agricultural and livestock waste, and industrial wastewater as described above, the standard activated sludge method using the microbial floating growth and its variations have been almost universally used. However, the existing activated sludge method is difficult to remove and separate impurities contained in wastewater in public waters such as lakes, inner bays and inland seas, and urban small and medium rivers. Has been developed and used.

즉, 기존의 오폐수 처리시스템은 대량의 오폐수를 정제하기 위해 막대한 양의 에너지와 별도의 화학 첨가물을 사용해야만 하는 고에너지 소비적이고 복잡한 공정을 갖는 시스템이었다.
In other words, the existing wastewater treatment system has a high energy consumption and complicated process that requires the use of enormous amounts of energy and separate chemical additives to purify a large amount of wastewater.

본 발명은 이러한 점을 감안하여 안출된 것으로, 본 발명의 과제는 단순한 장비및 공정을 통해 오폐수를 안정적으로 처리할 수 있도록 한 오폐수 처리시스템을 제공하는 것이다.The present invention has been made in view of this point, and an object of the present invention is to provide a waste water treatment system that can be stably treated waste water through simple equipment and processes.

또한, 본 발명은 오폐수 처리 후 사용되는 부산물을 이용한 2차 에너지를 가전기기 등의 전력으로 사용할 수 있도록 한 오폐수 처리시스템을 제공한다.
In addition, the present invention provides a wastewater treatment system that allows secondary energy using by-products used after wastewater treatment to be used as electric power for home appliances.

상술한 과제를 해결하기 위하여, 본 발명에서는 유입된 오폐수를 전기분해 하는 전기분해수조; 상기 전기분해수조에 연결되어 전기분해에 필요한 구동력을 제공하도록 음극과 양극을 갖는 태양전지; 상기 전기분해수조에서 전기분해된 수소와 산소를 반응시켜 물을 생성하는 연료전지를 포함하는 오폐수 처리시스템이 제공된다.In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, an electrolysis tank for electrolyzing the introduced waste water; A solar cell having a cathode and an anode connected to the electrolysis tank to provide a driving force for electrolysis; Provided is a wastewater treatment system including a fuel cell for generating water by reacting hydrogen and oxygen electrolyzed in the electrolysis tank.

본 발명은, 상기 태양전지의 음극과 양극으로부터 발생한 기체를 여과해 주는 기체응축부를 더 포함한다.The present invention further includes a gas condensation unit for filtering the gas generated from the cathode and the anode of the solar cell.

또한, 상기 전기분해수조의 유입구 측에는 매크로필터가 구비된다.
In addition, the inlet side of the electrolysis tank is provided with a macro filter.

본 발명에 의하면, 전기분해 구동력이 되는 태양전지와 발생 기체를 정제하는 기체응축기 그리고 높은 순도로 재정제하는 연료전지를 통해 전기분해된 수소와 산소가 연료전지에서 재결합하여 순도 높은 물로 정제될 수 있다.According to the present invention, the electrolyzed hydrogen and oxygen may be recombined in the fuel cell and purified into high-purity water through a solar cell serving as an electrolytic driving force, a gas condenser for purifying generated gas, and a fuel cell repurified to high purity. .

따라서, 아프리카, 아시아 등의 오지와 개발도상국 등의 전력 공급이 어려운 지역과 물 부족이 심각한 지역에 태양전지 정화시스템을 지역의 특성과 수요를 고려하여 구축함으로써 식수를 공급할 수 있게 된다. 또한, 유가상승으로 인한 전력공급의 어려움을 해결할 수 있고, 향후 계속적인 개발로 전력 수요의 증가가 예상되는 개발도상국의 부족한 전력을 보충할 수 있다.
Therefore, it is possible to supply drinking water by constructing a solar cell purification system in consideration of regional characteristics and demands in regions where power supply is difficult in remote regions such as Africa and Asia and developing countries, and in areas with severe water shortages. In addition, the difficulty of supplying power due to rising oil prices can be solved, and the insufficient power of developing countries, which is expected to increase power demand through continuous development, can be compensated.

도 1은 본 발명에 의한 오폐수 처리시스템의 전체 구조를 보인 개략적으로 보인 도면.
도 2는 본 발명에 의한 오폐수 처리시스템의 전기분해수조를 보인 도면.
도 3은 본 발명에 의한 오폐수 처리시스템의 연료전지를 보인 도면.
1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a wastewater treatment system according to the present invention.
2 is a view showing an electrolysis tank of the wastewater treatment system according to the present invention.
3 is a view showing a fuel cell of the wastewater treatment system according to the present invention.

이하에서는, 본 발명에 의한 오폐수 처리시스템의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부 도면을 참고하여 설명한다.Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the wastewater treatment system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명의 오폐수 처리시스템은 오폐수를 전기분해하는 전기분해수조, 이 전기분해수조에 연결되어 구동력을 제공하는 태양전지, 전기분해된 수소와 산소를 반응시켜 순수한 물을 생성하는 연료전지를 포함한다. 즉, 전기분해수조에서 태양전지를 이용하여 오폐수를 1차로 정제하고, 전기분해된 수소와 산소를 연료전지의 재생에너지 발생 동력원으로 이용하여 깨끗한 물을 생성하는 것이다.
As shown in FIG. 1, the wastewater treatment system of the present invention is an electrolysis tank for electrolyzing wastewater, a solar cell connected to the electrolysis tank to provide driving power, and reacted with electrolyzed hydrogen and oxygen to produce pure water. It includes a fuel cell to generate. In other words, in the electrolysis tank, the waste water is first purified using a solar cell, and clean water is generated using the electrolyzed hydrogen and oxygen as a renewable energy generating power source of the fuel cell.

전기분해수조는 그 내부에 적당량의 오폐수가 유입 저장될 수 있는 용적을 가지며, 그 유입구 측에는 전기분해수조로 유입되는 오폐수를 우선 여과해 주는 매크로필터가 구비된다.
The electrolysis tank has a volume in which an appropriate amount of waste water can be stored and introduced therein, and the inlet side is provided with a macro filter for first filtering the waste water introduced into the electrolysis tank.

태양전지는 전기분해수조에 유입된 오폐수를 전기분해하기 위한 구동력을 제공한다. 태양전지는 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 광전효과를 이용하여 빛에너지를 직접 전기에너지로 변환시키는 반도체 소자로서 각각 +, - 의 극성을 띄는 반도체 박막의 전극을 구비한다.Solar cells provide a driving force for electrolyzing wastewater introduced into an electrolysis tank. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the solar cell is a semiconductor device that directly converts light energy into electrical energy by using a photoelectric effect and includes electrodes of semiconductor thin films having polarities of + and −, respectively.

따라서, 태양전지에 빛을 비추면 내부에서 전자와 정공이 발생하며, 전하들은 각각 +, -극으로 이동하며 이 현상에 의하여 +극과 -극 사이에 전위차가 발생하며, 이때 태양전지에 부하를 연결하면 전류가 흐르게 된다. 발전되는 전압전류는 태양전지의 크기와 빛의 강도에 의하여 결정된다.Therefore, when light shines on a solar cell, electrons and holes are generated inside, and charges move to the + and-poles, respectively, and a potential difference is generated between the + and-poles by this phenomenon. When connected, current flows. The voltage current generated is determined by the size of the solar cell and the light intensity.

한편, 지속적으로 사용할 경우 태양전지의 안정성을 위해서 각 전극은 교체식 전극으로 구비됨이 바람직하다.On the other hand, for continuous use, each electrode is preferably provided as a replaceable electrode for the stability of the solar cell.


연료전지는 태양전지의 전극에서 발생한 수소 및 대기 중의 산소를 공급하여 순수한 물을 생성하게 된다.The fuel cell generates pure water by supplying hydrogen generated from the solar cell electrode and oxygen in the atmosphere.

연료전지는 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이, 연료의 산화에 의해서 생기는 화학에너지를 직접 전기에너지로 변환시키는 전지이다. 특징은 반응물이 외부에서 연속적으로 공급되어 반응생성물이 연속적으로 계의 바깥으로 제거된다는 점이다.As illustrated in FIG. 3, a fuel cell is a cell that directly converts chemical energy generated by oxidation of fuel into electrical energy. The characteristic is that the reactants are fed continuously from the outside so that the reaction products are continuously removed out of the system.

즉, 연료전지는 일종의 발전장치(發電裝置)라고 할 수 있다. 산화ㆍ환원반응을 이용한 점 등 기본적으로는 보통의 화학전지와 같지만, 닫힌 계내(系內)에서 전지반응(電池反應)을 하는 화학전지와 달라서 반응물이 외부에서 연속적으로 공급되어, 반응생성물이 연속적으로 계외(系外)로 제거된다. 가장 전형적인 것에 수소-산소 연료전지가 있다. 예를 들면 양극이나 음극에 다공성(多孔性)인 카본을 사용하고, 전해질로는 수산화칼륨, 연료로는 양극 쪽에 산소, 음극 쪽에 수소를 보내는 방식이 있으며, 기전력은 약 0.8V이다.
In other words, the fuel cell is a kind of power generation device. It is basically the same as a normal chemical cell in that it uses an oxidation / reduction reaction, but unlike a chemical cell that performs a cell reaction in a closed system, the reactants are continuously supplied from the outside and the reaction product is continuously Is removed out of the system. The most typical are hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells. For example, porous carbon is used for the anode or cathode, potassium hydroxide is used as the electrolyte, oxygen is supplied to the anode, and hydrogen is supplied to the cathode. The electromotive force is about 0.8V.

한편, 전기분해수조와 연료전지 사이에는 기체응축기가 더 구비될 수 있다. 이 기체응축기는 태양전지의 작동에 의해 전기분해된 수소와 산소를 차갑게 냉각시켜 보다 순수한 수소와 산소로 여과해 준다. 따라서, 이후에 연료전지에서 생성되는 물이 보다 순수해질 수 있게 된다.On the other hand, a gas condenser may be further provided between the electrolysis tank and the fuel cell. The gas condenser cools the hydrogen and oxygen electrolyzed by the operation of the solar cell and cools it with more pure hydrogen and oxygen. Therefore, the water produced in the fuel cell can be made purer later.

Claims (3)

유입된 오폐수를 전기분해하는 전기분해수조;
상기 전기분해수조에 연결되어 전기분해에 필요한 구동력을 제공하도록 음극과양극을 갖는 태양전지;
상기 전기분해수조에서 전기분해된 수소와 산소를 반응시켜 물을 생성하는 연료전지를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 오폐수 처리시스템.
An electrolysis tank for electrolyzing the introduced waste water;
A solar cell having a cathode and an anode connected to the electrolysis tank to provide a driving force for electrolysis;
And a fuel cell for producing water by reacting hydrogen and oxygen electrolyzed in the electrolysis tank.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 태양전지의 음극과 양극으로부터 발생한 기체를 여과해 주는 기체응축기를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 오폐수 처리시스템.
The method of claim 1,
Waste water treatment system further comprises a gas condenser for filtering the gas generated from the cathode and the anode of the solar cell.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 전기분해수조의 유입구 측에는 매크로필터가 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 오폐수 처리시스템.
The method of claim 1,
Waste water treatment system, characterized in that the macro filter is provided on the inlet side of the electrolysis tank.
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CN108996600A (en) * 2018-07-26 2018-12-14 中原工学院 Utilize the method for solar battery waste material regulation creek black and odorous water
CN117735744A (en) * 2023-11-27 2024-03-22 紫金矿业新能源新材料科技(长沙)有限公司 Mine multi-clean energy utilization system

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JP2000058098A (en) * 1998-08-12 2000-02-25 Toshiba Corp Fuel cell device and fuel cell device application system
JP2007044640A (en) * 2005-08-11 2007-02-22 Hitachi Zosen Corp Water electrolysis equipment for lake purification and hydrogen production
KR100927185B1 (en) * 2007-11-07 2009-11-18 재단법인서울대학교산학협력재단 Decomposition method of organic pollutant by using electric field of solar cells and Decomposition system of organic pollutant by using electric field of solar cells thereof
KR20100020405A (en) * 2008-08-12 2010-02-22 김기호 Method and apparatus for recovery and remove of heavy metallic components from wasted solution of factories by the solar cell

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108996600A (en) * 2018-07-26 2018-12-14 中原工学院 Utilize the method for solar battery waste material regulation creek black and odorous water
CN108996600B (en) * 2018-07-26 2021-07-02 中原工学院 A method of using solar cell waste to remediate black and odorous water bodies in rivers
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