KR20120054738A - Method to decrease frictional resistance using reduced wetted surface area by the air cavity in the bottom of a ship - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for reducing frictional resistance is provided to increase sailing speed with reduced frictional resistance by preventing direct contact of water and the bottom of boxes while maintaining buoyancy. CONSTITUTION: A method for reducing frictional resistance is as follows. At least two traverse partitions(2) are installed in a box of which bottom surface is opened to form at least three spaces(20) at the bottom of a ship. The traverse partitions are installed from the beginning of a stem to the end of a stern in a longitudinal direction of the ship. The height of the traverse partitions is lower than a box. Longitudinal partitions are attached to the upper side of the box in a width direction of the ship. The longitudinal partitions are formed into a streamlined shape so that water can be flowed into or out from the stem part and the stern part.

Description

Method to decrease frictional resistance using reduced wetted surface area by the air cavity in the bottom of a ship}

The present invention relates to a method for reducing the sowing resistance and frictional resistance (submerged area) in the operation of a ship, and more particularly, a method of reducing the consumption of energy by reducing the frictional resistance by reducing the immersion area which is the cause of the frictional resistance. It is about.

There are sowing resistance, frictional resistance, surplus resistance, etc. to improve the speed of operation and energy saving of ship, but it is related to the method of reducing frictional resistance with the largest specific gravity. The surface where the bottom of the ship is in contact with water is called the submerged area. In order to reduce the frictional resistance, it is necessary to reduce the flooded area.However, there is no way to reduce the flooded area so that there is no way to reduce the area where water and the bottom of the ship come into contact with each other. However, it is not practical because it consumes too much energy to support a ship and it is difficult to enlarge, and there is a wig line that flies on the surface of the water. .

The present invention has a number of methods for reducing the frictional resistance of the ship, but the method of reducing the submerged area is the most effective and certainly the method of reducing the frictional resistance.

To make the vessel wider to form air cavities on the bottom of the ship, a box with an open bottom is made, attached to the bottom of the bottom and placed in the water, so that only the sides and the front and the back of the bottom are submerged. An air cavity containing air is formed in the center between the surface and the front and back. As a result, an air layer is formed in the space between the water surface and the bottom of the ship. (The principle is completely different from the air flotation line)

When the air layer is formed on the bottom of the ship, the area between the ship and the water is reduced to reduce the frictional resistance. The purpose is to improve the operating speed and reduce the energy consumption.

The present invention is to improve the speed and energy saving of the ship by reducing the frictional resistance by reducing the flooded area due to the air cavity on the bottom.

In a box with open bottom on the bottom, two or more diaphragms, which are slightly smaller than the height of the box, are attached to the box from the start line to the end of the stern in the longitudinal direction of the ship, allowing three or more empty spaces to be created. , If there are more than 2 spaces, space is created more than 3 spaces, more than 3 spaces. In the ship's width direction, the bow and stern parts are streamlined to allow water to flow in and out. Make sure the water flows well in the size of the box and attach the appropriate number of vertical dividers to the top of the box according to the length of the ship.

An air compressor that compensates for the lost compressed air in the bottom box, a pipe for supplying the compressed air, a nozzle attached to the end of the pipe, installed in the inner bow of the box attached to the bottom, One opening and closing device is attached to each nozzle, so that each nozzle can be individually supplied and shut off.

Compressed air in two diaphragms at the right and left ends of the compressed air in several diaphragms at the bottom can be moved into two different diaphragms at each end to give or receive compressed air. Two-way blowers in the center of the connected pipes, and an opening and closing switch to open and close the centers of the connected pipes, so that the two diaphragms at both ends can send and receive compressed air to and from each other by the two-way blowers. Should be

The diaphragm is installed at the top of the diaphragm so that the compressed air in the diaphragm of the bottom of the ship can move into the other diaphragm at the top, and a device that can open and close the nozzle is opened. Ensure that the surface of the bottom is always the same horizontally and close when tilted left and right to prevent the compressed air from going into the other diaphragm.

The large common type at both ends is to make only two air cavities at both ends higher than other air cavities so that the two air cavities at both ends can be piped to each other, and a two-way blower and an opening and closing switch are attached to the center to open and close them. I made it possible.

The buoyancy weight attachment type connects two air cavities at both ends of the ship to each other so that the compressed air in the air cavities can pass freely, and the buoyancy weights are attached to the ship's outer wall inside the two air cavities at both ends. By attaching and installing each.

One-half box floats on the surface of the water, and one half is submerged below the surface of the water. When more than one-half comes out of the water, the weight is generated and lowered. When the water is submerged, the buoyancy occurs and rises upward. When the buoyancy gravity body is attached to the water level control device so that only one half of the height is always submerged, the lateral fluctuation is reduced.

As described above, air cavities are generated at the bottom of the ship, and a compressed air layer is formed between the ship bottom and the water surface, and the ship's bottom is not operated in the water, but in the air. When floating, the air layer is originally formed, so it is not necessary to use energy to support the vessel, but only the air lost due to operation or agitation, etc., significantly reduces the speed and energy consumption.

Compressed air in the bottom diaphragm at the end of the external force during the transverse movement of the ship into the diaphragm at the opposite end, using a pipe connecting the diaphragm at the two ends, in the center of the pipe When the compressed air is sent by using a blower, the external air receives less volume of the compressed air in the diaphragm, so the buoyancy decreases and descends downward. On the other side, the compressed air enters the diaphragm and the compressed air volume increases. As the buoyancy increases due to the loss, it rises upwards and significantly reduces the lateral fluctuations of the ship, which improves the stability and work efficiency of the ship and makes passengers and the working environment comfortable.

The present invention divides the box in the open bottom of the box to submerge the water in the box because the top of the box is blocked because the air does not flow out, the inner top of the box, the bottom of the box is filled with water in principle.

While the buoyancy remains the same, the bottom of the water and the box do not have integrated contact with the water, so the box floats on the air.

The ship's width is wider and the bottom air layer and the water below it are to receive the energy when transverse and driven.The bottom of the bottom should be lifted up to the air in the box and the water below the air layer. As the elasticity of the air acts as a buffer.

It also increases or decreases the buoyancy at both ends of the ship by moving or receiving compressed air contained in the diaphragm at both ends of the bottom to each other with a two-way blower.

In addition, the buoyancy weights attached to the outer wall of the vessel inside the two diaphragms at both ends of the vessel are at a level in the two diaphragms at both ends of the vessel even if the vessel is inclined to one side by an external force. Since is always the same, the lifting side generates weight and generates downward force, while the opposite side descends while buoyancy is generated, lifting force occurs and balances with each other, thereby preventing rolling. In addition, it is characterized by improving the stability and work efficiency and making passengers and working environment comfortable by reducing the lateral and longitudinal fluctuations of various ships, barges, and various floating structures on the sea.

1 is a basic principle diagram of a method for reducing frictional resistance due to the decrease in flooded area due to air cavity on the ship bottom of the present invention, (a) is a front view of a flat type, and (b) a front view of a large cavity type at both ends. (C) is a front view of the buoyancy weight attachment type at both ends.
2 (a) is a side view as a basic principle of the present invention, (b) is a plan view.
3 is a view schematically illustrating a state in which water flows from the bottom toward the stern in the bow portion of the present invention.
4 is a view schematically illustrating a state in which both ends of the large joint type of the present invention are not inclined to one side when an external force is applied to one side of the ship.
5 is a view schematically illustrating a state in which both end buoyancy weight attachment types of the present invention are not inclined to one side when an external force is applied to one side of the ship.
6A is a diagram illustrating a state in which the horizontal diaphragm opening is closed, and (B) is a diagram illustrating a state in which the horizontal diaphragm horizontal opening is opened, and FIG. Drawing.
7 is a schematic three-dimensional view of the ship and barge of the present invention.
8 is a floating structure, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a front view, (b) -1 is stable when the external force is applied to the offshore floating structure attached to the buoyancy weight, there is little fluctuation moving up and down is stable (C) is a schematic three-dimensional drawing of the underside of a marine floating structure.
Figure 9 is a plan view, side view, different cross-sectional view of the bow portion of the present invention, a schematic three-dimensional drawing and a view in which water flows.

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1A, the compressed air produced by the air compressor 9 is sent to the air cavity 20 through the air nozzle 3. <(B) and (C) are also the same>

Compressed air entering the air cavity 20 pushes down the water in the air cavity 20 downwards, passes through the horizontal partition openings 4 above the multiple diaphragms 2, and then multiple diaphragms. (2) enter the air cavity (20) between the water controlled by the same air pressure, and the water contained in all of the air cavity (20) is to be pushed down by the pressure of the compressed air to make the water level equal to the water level, The reason is that if the volume of compressed air in the various air cavities 20 is wrong, the vessel cannot be balanced directly and tilts to one side. When the water level is horizontal, the diaphragm horizontal opening and closing 4 is closed. The reason for closing the horizontal opening 4 is that when the ship is inclined sideways and inclined, the air in the plurality of air cavities 20 through the horizontal diaphragm horizontal opening 4 through each other, gravity This is because the water is horizontal because of the [refer to (a) and (b) of Figure 6] when the air is driven toward the surface and the opposite side is down, when the water enters, it is restored to its original state by the resilience of the ship. , The difference occurs in the volume of the compressed air in the air cavity 20, the ship is inclined to one side.

When the compressed air is injected into the air cavity 20 between the horizontal outer wall plate (1-A) and the horizontal outer wall plate (1-B), the compressed air is lowered to the place where the water surface is determined due to the pressure of the compressed air. Close the air nozzle (3) so that no abnormality can enter.

In Figure 1, (a) is flat, the bottom of the bottom is the same position, the size of the air cavity is the same, and the amount of compressed air in the air cavity is the same, but if the vessel is subjected to external forces such as waves or wind volume, the side receiving external force The air must also lift the water under the compressed air in the air cavity, and the air is elastic and cannot rise rapidly, while the other side cannot be lowered rapidly due to the elasticity of the compressed air, and is restored by the ship's restoring force in the meantime. Decreases.

Large common type at both ends is to make only two air cavities at both ends higher than other air cavities, connecting two air cavities at each end by pipe, and attaching two-way blower and opening / closing opening at the center. This is because the ship is sideways when the ship is subjected to external forces due to waves or wind volume, so that the side receiving the external force rises up and the other side descends, and the ship sideways swings. When the compressed air in the air cavity on the external side is transferred to the two-way blower with the air cavity on the opposite side, the external side receives less buoyancy and the rising energy is lost. On the other side, the compressed air enters the buoyancy. This increases the support of the descending force and prevents it from descending, which can significantly reduce the lateral fluctuations of the vessel. The conveyed compressed air is returned to the first air cavity, and the external force can always be accurately checked, and the lateral fluctuation can be reduced by sending and receiving the compressed air before the transverse fluctuation.

(C) is attached to both end buoyancy weights, and the two air cavities at both ends of the ship are connected to each other by pipes so that the compressed air in the air cavities can freely communicate with each other, and the buoyancy weights are connected to the two air at both ends. It is attached to the ship outer wall board inside the cavity, respectively.

One-half of the airtight box is floated on the surface of the water and one-half is submerged under the surface of the water. It is made to descend, and when more than one half is submerged into the surface, buoyancy occurs and it is made to rise up.

The above is attached to the outer wall of the ship inside the two air cavities at both ends of the ship, and the water level in the air cavity is adjusted to the position of 1/2 of the height of the buoyancy weight to maintain the balance of the ship horizontally. do. <Description of Drawings in FIG. 5>

If the vessel is subjected to an external force due to waves or air volume, the vessel is tilted to one side, and the side receiving the external force rises and the other side descends. In the type vessel, the external side is raised, the opposite side is descending, and the water level between each other is always the same due to gravity, so the air cavities at both ends are open by pipes to each other. Compressed air flows into the air cavity on the rising side.

When compressed air flows into the air cavity on the rising side, the water level is always the same on both sides, so the buoyant weight on the rising side rises upwards with the half of the submerged submerged in the water. Make the ascending side descend.

On the other hand, if the opposite side descends, the compressed air is directed outward, while a half of the buoyancy weight is submerged in the water so that buoyancy is generated and prevents the descending side from descending. The rising side by the external force prevents the buoyancy weight from rising due to the weight (weight), and the falling side prevents the buoyancy weight from generating the buoyancy by falling. Simple device, no energy consumption, buoyant weight attached to the inside of the ship, so it is less influenced by external force, and the inside has a constant level so that the effect is good and the lateral fluctuation is automatically reduced. <Description of Drawings in FIG. 5>

Compressed air that enters the air cavity 20 is discharged to the outside via the horizontal outer wall plate 1-A or the horizontal outer wall plate 1-B due to the water pressure of the water 21, and thus cannot be lost. Compressed air in the cavity 20 is preserved intact even when the ship is moored, depending on the speed of the ship even if the ship again, but the air outflow is not much.

Since compressed air is supplied in the state where the slope is blocked, compressed air cannot go down because of the water pressure under the slope wall. Therefore, compressed air is almost never lost, so compressed air is not continuously supplied to support the ship.

As shown in (a) and (c) of FIG. 6, when the ship is laterally shaken from side to side or back and forth due to waves or air volume, and the bottom of the bottom is inclined from horizontal, the horizontal outer wall plate (1-A), horizontal Compressed air is lost beneath the outer wall (1-B) or towards the bow and stern. The lost compressed air supplies only the amount of compressed air produced by the air compressor through the air nozzle to the bottom of the ship and water. By preventing this contact, friction between the ship and the water is prevented from occurring.

When the ship is sailing, in the bow portion 8 in Fig. 3, the incoming water is in the direction of the bow in the direction of the number ① and toward the bower's inner face (5) in the direction of the number ②, upwards of the air cavity. Soaring again, due to gravity, it descends down and flows horizontally in the direction of the arrow from number ③ to number stern and touches the stern inner surface (7).

Water bubbling on the stern inner surface 7 flows along the streamlined surface of the stern inner surface 7 in the direction of the arrow of the number ⑤, where water does not flow but the vessel goes, and the expression is said to flow.

In (a) of Fig. 2A, in the vertical partition 6 attached to the upper ceiling of the air cavity 20 in the perspective view in the perspective view, compressed air is compressed so that the water surface does not close to the vertical partition 6 in order to reduce frictional resistance. When injecting into the cavity 20, the height of the air cavity 20 to increase the height of the vertical partition 6 so that the bottom 6 and the bottom does not touch the bottom partition 6 should have sufficient space between the bottom and the surface.

The vertical partition 6 is to minimize the loss of compressed air when the ship rolls back and forth with waves or air volume as shown in (c) of FIG. Consumes a lot, and the ship's speed drops

In FIG. 7 is a schematic three-dimensional diagram of a ship and a barge in which the air cavity 20 contains compressed air and water is below the air cavity 20 so that the bottom of the ship can operate without touching water, and air is lost. When the air nozzle 3 replenishes the compressed air in normal operation, it is necessary to supply only the compressed air that has been discharged to the outside due to the lost amount of the compressed air, rolling, and the like.

In FIG. 8, an example of using the floating structure of the sea is a box sealed in the air cavity 20 at the bottom of the floating structure. One half of the box floats on water, and one half floats in water. The box in the circle is attached to the ceiling (bottom of the structure) inside the air cavity to all the air cavities installed on the bottom of the floating structure, so that the water contacting the air inside the air cavity is at the position of 1/2 of the height of the buoyancy weight. It must always be.

When the water level is in the position of 1/2 of the buoyancy weight, the buoyancy and gravity are the same, so the floating structure cannot rise up due to gravity, and also cannot be lowered due to buoyancy, so it is stable and there is almost no rolling. Since it is attached inside the bottom surface, it is almost unaffected by the external blue or air volume, so the water surface in the air cavity is horizontal and almost constant, which can effectively prevent lateral and follow-up fluctuations.

In addition, rolling occurs when an external force is applied to the outer wall of the floating structure. At this time, the compressed air in the air cavity 20 absorbs a lot of external force while contracting or expanding, and the side lifted by the external force is located below the air cavity 20. Since it is necessary to lift water, energy is consumed. On the other side, there is elastic air, so it absorbs energy, so rolling is significantly reduced. It acts like an air cushion, which effectively prevents lateral and follow-up fluctuations.

In order to form an air cavity at the bottom and to form an air layer between the bottom and the surface to reduce the frictional resistance as much as possible, when the ship's width is widened, the air layer is widened and the frictional area is reduced because the flooding area is small. Width becomes wider, and player part widens again.

Thus, as shown in Fig. 9, the player part is shaped like a duck beak so that the front part of the front part is soft, and the numbers (1), (2), (3) of {(a), (b), (c) ), (4) indicates the same position} The height of the foremost part starts from a little higher than the bottom of the ship, starting from (4) in FIG. 9 and moving back toward (3), (2), (1) The central part is thicker and both ends are less thick, so that the water flowing in the c direction of the bow part 4 of (C) depends on the position of the water depth, and the water of the bow part 4 is the deep water point. And the depth is at the position of the arrow, and the water is flowed to the arrow.

Like this, the front part is smooth and the thicker the back, the less thicker the sides, and the streamlined shape like a duck beak. When the beak entrance is slightly inclined downward, the water from the end of the beak goes backward and both parts of the beak. In order to reduce the wave resistance, the water flows to the side and the middle part to the back to the side to reduce the wave resistance.

Claims (2)

In a box with open bottom on the bottom, two or more diaphragms, which are slightly smaller than the height of the box, are attached to the box from the start line to the end of the stern in the longitudinal direction of the ship, allowing three or more empty spaces to be created. , If there are more than 2 spaces, space is created more than 3 spaces, more than 3 spaces. In the ship's width direction, the bow and stern parts are streamlined to allow water to flow in and out. Method and principle of attaching the appropriate number of vertical dividers to the top of the box in the form of streamline so that water flows well in the size of the ship.
An air compressor that compensates for the lost compressed air in the bottom box, a pipe for supplying the compressed air, a nozzle attached to the end of the pipe, installed in the inner bow portion of the box attached to the bottom, opening and closing the nozzles Principle and method for attaching one device to each nozzle, one for each nozzle, to allow for separate air supply and isolation for each nozzle.
Compressed air in several diaphragms at the bottom, between the two diaphragms at both ends of the right and left ends, compressed air in the air cavity between two different diaphragms at both ends. Compressed air into the air cavity between the two diaphragms at each end by connecting them to each other by pipes to transfer or receive compressed air to each other. Principle and method to be able to send and receive air to and from each other by two way blower.
The diaphragm is installed at the top of the diaphragm so that the compressed air in the air cavity between the diaphragms of the bottom box of the bottom can move to each other into the air cavity between the other diaphragms, and a device for opening and closing the nozzle is attached. Principle and method to prevent the compressed air from going into the air cavity between different diaphragms by opening it when the ship is horizontal, keeping the water surface of the bottom always horizontally equal, and closing it when it is inclined left and right.
The large common type at both ends is to make only two air cavities at both ends higher than other air cavities so that the two air cavities at both ends can be piped to each other, and a two-way blower and an opening and closing switch are attached to the center to open and close them. Principles and methods that make it possible.
The buoyancy weight attachment type connects two air cavities at both ends of the ship to each other so that the compressed air in the air cavities can pass freely, and the buoyancy weights are attached to the ship's outer wall inside the two air cavities at both ends. By attaching and installing each.
Buoyancy weights make a closed box floats on the surface of the water, one half submerged under the surface of the water, and if more than one half of the water comes out of the water, the weight is generated and lowered, When more than one half is submerged into the water, buoyancy is generated and rises upwards.The principle is to install a device that adjusts the water level so that the buoyancy gravity body submerges in water at only one half of its height. And the way. The bow is shaped like a duck's beak, with the foremost start at the top, the height of the forefront starting slightly higher than the bottom, the thicker the middle center and the less thick at both ends,
In this way, the fore part is smooth and the thicker it goes backwards, and the two sides are less thick and streamlined like a beak, and when the beak entrance is slightly inclined downward, the water from the end of the beak goes backwards to both sides of the beak. Principle and method that the water in the part flows to the side, the middle part goes to the back and flows to the side so that the ship's bow and the part of the ship at a deep depth reduce the wave resistance.

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