JP3077032B1 - Air cushion ship - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract: [Problem] An air cushion is provided in which a concave portion is provided in a ship bottom, left and right side walls 2 are inclined inward, and partition plates 7 and 8 are partitioned as partition walls from a ship bottom outer plate 6 to a middle position in a height direction of both side walls 2. A chamber 5 is formed, and the amount of cargo is increased by the compressed air supplied to the air cushion chamber 5, and stable sailing is enabled. [Solution] The lateral width of the opening at the bottom of the ship is made smaller than the lateral width of the outer plate 6 of the ship bottom by inclining the inside of both side walls 2 so as to prevent the air in the air cushion chamber 5 from leaking from the side.
A vertical partition plate 7 parallel to the traveling direction of the hull 1 in a range from the bottom shell 6 to a halfway position in the height direction of the side walls 2, and a lower end perpendicular to the traveling direction of the hull 1. A horizontal partition plate 8 having a horizontal portion 8a is provided rearwardly inclined in the stern direction, and the lower end of the horizontal partition plate 8 closest to the stern is provided on the guide plate 1.
It is connected to 0.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a large air cushion for loading cargo having an air cushion room which is surrounded by a bottom shell on the bottom of a ship, left and right side walls of the hull, and a bow seal and a stern seal and has an open lower part. Regarding the ship, more specifically, the left and right side walls of the hull and the partition shape of the air cushion room are improved so that the air sent into the air cushion room does not escape from the air cushion room to the outside of the ship, without changing the gross tonnage of the ship Significantly increase the cargo weight,
The present invention also relates to an air cushion ship capable of reducing the number of crew members.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An air cushion ship provided with a concave air cushion chamber which is opened downward at the bottom of a ship and provided with compressed air supply means for supplying compressed air to the air cushion chamber is, for example, an open-air ship. JP-A-5-49600, JP-A-7-89435, JP-A-10-100985
As disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication, there is a small-sized ship in which friction between the ship bottom and water is reduced to improve speed. Actual Kaihei 5
The invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 49600 discloses a hull having a bow and stern having substantially the same shape, a bottom opening at the bottom, and a concave shape surrounded by both left and right side walls (both sides) of the hull, bow and stern. A water jet propulsion device is provided opposite to the left and right sides of the hull, and the hull is lifted up by the air pressure of the air supplied to the air cushion room to achieve shallow draft, enabling navigation in shallow waters. In addition, there are those that enable the same navigation in both bow and stern directions. Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 7-89435 discloses two air cushion ships. The first air cushion ship has a downward opening at the bottom of the ship, a bottom plate, a left and right side wall of the hull, a concave air cushion chamber surrounded by a bow and a stern, and a lower end opening at the bottom of the air cushion chamber at the bottom of the ship. An air blow-out box provided with a porous plate that is provided with a floating fan and that is branched at an intermediate part in the bottom of the ship and that is provided with a valve and that opens on the lower surface of the left and right side walls from the hull bow. The second air cushion ship is provided with a floating fan in a duct that opens to the concave air cushion chamber, and has a left and right side wall near the bow surrounding the air cushion chamber. An air blow-out box provided with a porous plate opened on the lower surface of the side wall, and a communication pipe communicating with the air blow-out hole of the porous plate is piped in the left and right side walls of the hull, and the upper end is opened to the air cushion chamber. It is configured an air cushion vessel to emit the hull from the air blowing holes compressed air sent to the air cushion chamber from the duct through. These air cushion ships use compressed air generated by a floating fan to attach micro air bubbles to the inundated surface of the hull during sailing, and to flow the micro air bubbles from the part near the bow to the stern, While the current is running, the hull is constantly covered to reduce the frictional resistance of the hull without using a dedicated air compressor. In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-100985, a bottom shell, a left and right side wall of the hull, a concave air cushion chamber surrounded by a bow and a stern are provided at the bottom of the boat, and the air cushion chamber is provided with a bottom shell from the bow to the stern. Attach a plurality of vertical partition plates vertically so as to be in parallel with each other, and place an isosceles triangular horizontal partition in a concave air cushion chamber at the approximate center position from the bow to the stern so that the top is downward. Provided in the horizontal direction, the vertical partition and the horizontal partition define a concave air cushion chamber, and are configured to supply compressed air to each of the partitions. There has been proposed an air cushion ship which prevents air in a groove from leaking out of the hull.

In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-277267, a number of parallel grooves are provided on the outer surface of the lower part of the hull so as to make a right angle with the traveling direction of the hull, without improving the hull shape. The pipe end of the air supply pipe is opened so that the air can be supplied, and the angle between the rear end face in the groove and the bottom of the premises is made acute,
An invention is disclosed in which air staying in the groove is prevented from leaking out of the groove, and the frictional resistance of the hull is reduced.
The configuration, the purpose and the effect are completely different from the invention of the present application, and it is not a literature which discusses the claimed invention with the present invention as a conventional technique.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The conventional Japanese Utility Model Application No.
The air cushion ship disclosed in JP-A-49600 and JP-A-7-89435 is vertically mounted on a bottom outer plate so that left and right inner side walls constituting an air cushion chamber are opposed to each other in parallel with each other. In some cases, air leaks to the outside from below the left and right side walls due to factors such as the above, and there is a problem that compressed air must be constantly supplied during sailing and energy is required.

In the invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-100985, since a compartment is provided in the air cushion chamber, compared to the air cushion ship disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 5-49600 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. There is an advantage that the air filled in the cushion room does not leak from the part other than the bottom of the ship, but since the inner wall on both sides is provided perpendicular to the outer plate of the ship bottom, it is located on the left and right sides when rolling The air inside the compartment easily leaks out of the hull from below both sides, and the air layer and water are in contact with the air layer on the extension of the lower surface of the bow seal and the stern seal. There was a problem of leaking out of the hull from below. Also, since a partition weir having an isosceles triangular longitudinal section is provided substantially at the center of the bottom of the ship in the bow-stern direction and perpendicular to the direction of travel of the hull, it is shown in FIG. 12 on page 4 of JP-A-10-100985. During the cruise, the air layer creates an upward slope in the stern direction, water enters the compartment,
There was a problem that the hull's cruising speed was reduced due to resistance from the bow side surface of the partition weir and the inner wall of the stern seal.

Incidentally, in order to ensure the safety of ships and human lives, it is necessary to mark the full draft line according to Article 3 of the Ship Safety Law. According to the above-described conventional technology, the volume of air in the air cushion chamber is not fixed, and the full-load draft line is not fixed. Therefore, if the air in the air cushion room leaks out of the hull from the side or stern seal due to tidal currents or swaying of the hull,
Due to the weight of the hull and cargo, there is a risk that the ship will sink.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances. In other words, the present invention provides an air cushion chamber in which the left and right inner side walls (both sides) of the hull are inclined inward so that the width of the bottom opening is narrower than the width of the bottom outer plate, and the vertical partition plate and the horizontal partition plate are partitioned. Is provided to the middle position in the height direction of the left and right inner walls, and the horizontal partition plate having a horizontal lower portion is tilted rearward in the stern direction, so that the air layer of the air cushion chamber can be caused by any cause such as tidal currents and swaying of the hull. The shape and volume of the water does not change, and the air does not leak out of the hull from the side of the ship. In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide an air cushion ship capable of increasing a load capacity compared to a conventional cargo ship without changing a full draft line marking position.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is directed to an inner wall of a hull, an inner wall on both sides, a bottom shell, a bow seal and a stern. An air cushion chamber surrounded by a seal and opened downward is provided at the bottom of the hull, the air cushion chamber is partitioned by a vertical partition plate and a horizontal partition plate as partition walls, and compressed air is supplied to the air cushion chamber to form a hull. In an air cushion ship provided with a compressed air supply means for floating, a plurality of air cushion chambers are provided in this range so that the air cushion chamber extends from the bottom outer plate to an intermediate position in the height direction of the left and right inner walls of the hull. The parallel vertical partitioning plate extends along the traveling direction of the hull and is vertically installed on the bottom shell, and the horizontal partitioning plate is provided at a right angle to the traveling direction of the hull and inclined backward in the stern direction. Air The Deployment chamber partitioned, wherein the air except for the bottom panel is narrower than the width of the bottom panel of the ship's bottom opening width so as not to leak overboard.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a guide plate is formed by extending a lower end edge of a bow seal in a stern direction, and a guide plate is extended in a bow direction at a lower end edge of a stern seal. The plate is connected to the lower end of the horizontal partition plate disposed closest to the stern.

The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that a bent portion is provided at the lower portion of the horizontal partition plate, the portion below the bent portion is formed horizontally, and the lower edge is directed toward the stern. I do. In this manner, the provision of the horizontal portion makes the flow of water below the air layer static, prevents the air filled in the air cushion chamber from leaking from the side of the hull, and improves the speed with almost no shaking. Cruising can be realized.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of an air cushion ship, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a bottom view showing a main part. In these figures, an air cushion chamber 5 is formed at the bottom of the hull 1, which is surrounded by both side walls 2 of the hull 1, a bow seal 3 and a stern seal 4, and has a concave vertical cross section which is open downward. A plurality of vertical partition plates 7 are provided on the bottom shell 6 along the traveling direction of the hull 1.
Are suspended from the side walls 2 of the hull 1 to a position halfway in the height direction. In addition, a plurality of parallel horizontal partition plates 8 perpendicular to the traveling direction of the hull 1 are provided to be inclined backward from the bottom shell 6 to the stern direction, and the lower portion of the horizontal partition plates 8 is A horizontal portion 8a is provided bent at the same height as the lower end in the stern direction. The air cushion chamber 5 is partitioned by the vertical partition plate 7 and the horizontal partition plate 8, and an air compressor chamber (not shown) provided on the hull 1 and an air tank (not shown) are provided so that compressed air can be supplied to each of these partitions. ), The ends of the air supply pipes are open to the bottom shell 6 of each section.

A horizontal guide plate 9 extends in the stern direction at the lower edge of the inner side wall of the bow seal 3. Specifically, the horizontal guide plate 9 is the bottom outer plate 6 of the horizontal partition plate 8 closest to the bow.
A horizontal guide plate 10 extends in the bow direction at the lower end edge of the inner side wall of the stern seal 4, which extends from the mounting position to the vicinity of a line extending directly downward, and the inner end edge of the guide plate 10 Is connected to the horizontal portion 8a of the horizontal partition plate 8 closest to the stern.

The inner shape of the left and right side walls 2 of the hull 1 ranges from the mounting position of the bottom shell plate 6 to the lower end mounting positions of the partition plates 7 and 8, and forms a right angle with the bottom shell plate 6. 8
The lower part of the lower end is inclined inward so as to narrow the width of the bottom opening so that the compressed air supplied to the air cushion chamber 5 is not leaked outside from the hull 1 except for the bottom plate. ing. An exhaust passage 11 is provided in the left and right side walls 2 so as to penetrate the inner and outer walls in such a manner that one end is opened below the section of the inner wall and the other end is opened to the outer wall. Is interposed. An operating rod 13 is attached to the valve 12 so that a crew member can open and close the valve 12 on the deck. Compressed air accumulated below the compartment from the exhaust passage 11 is exhausted to the outside of the hull 1 to prevent the hull 1 from tilting due to accumulation of excessively supplied compressed air below the compartment.

One example of compressed air supply means for supplying compressed air to each section of the air cushion chamber 5 will be specifically described with reference to FIG. An air supply port of an air compressor 14 provided on the hull 1 and an intake port of an air tank 15 provided on the hull 1 are connected to a pipe 1 provided with a valve 16.
Communication connection is made at 7. An air supply port is provided in the air tank 15, and a pipe 21 provided with a valve 20 is connected to the air supply port, and a valve 22 is provided near a pipe end of the pipe 21 to provide an air cushion chamber 5. 2 pipes in each section
Each of the tube ends is opened. The pipe 21 branches off,
The outer end is opened to the outer plate of the hull 1 and connected to a pipe 24 having a valve 23 interposed therebetween.

Then, the valve 20 is closed and the valve 16 is opened, and the compressed air sent from the air compressor 14 is sent into the air tank 15 through the pipe 17 to have a filling pressure of 30 kg / m ³ . And store it in the air tank 15. When the valves 20 and 22 are opened, the compressed air is distributed and charged from the pipe 21 to each section of the air cushion chamber 5, and the draft is reduced. When the valves 16 and 20 are closed and the valves 23 and 22 are opened, the water pressure acts on the compressed air in the air cushion chamber 5 from below, and the compressed air in the air cushion chamber 5 The water is exhausted outside the hull through 24, and the draft becomes large.

Next, the operation will be described. Since the left and right inner side walls 2 of the hull 1 are inclined inward, liquid (for example, seawater)
Remain between the lower end edges of the vertical and horizontal partition plates 7 and 8 and the inwardly inclined portions, and air is sealed in each section of the air cushion chamber 5.
By the way, since the buoyancy applied to the hull is the product of the volume below the surface of the hull and the specific gravity of the excluded liquid (seawater), when air is supplied to each section of the air cushion chamber 5 to maintain the airtight state, the hull construction The product of the specific gravity of the liquid (sea water) to the sum of the volume and the volume of the air layer of the air cushion chamber 5 becomes buoyancy, and without changing the gross tonnage, the product tonnage is increased as shown in Table 1 below to reduce the number of passengers on board. Decrease.

[0018]

[Table 1]

Also, the seawater is drawn by the guide plate 9 during the cruising as shown in FIG.
As shown by the arrow in the middle, the water flows upward from the edge of the guide plate 9 and enters the bottom of the ship. The seawater that has entered the horizontal section 8a
The guide plate 1 flows along the bow side surface of the horizontal partition plate near the stern.
It flows out of the boat from the edge of 0. In other words, the seawater below the air layer in the hull is always static and calm, so that the air in the air cushion chamber 5 does not go outboard from the side of the ship, and does not generate any sway, etc., while sailing. Cruising can be secured.
When there is no cargo, the hull is stabilized when the air in the air cushion chamber 5 is exhausted to the outside of the hull by the aforementioned air discharging means. In a calm shallow sea, if the amount of air supplied to the air cushion chamber 5 is increased to increase the draft, the shore to the shallow shore can be easily performed.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 will be described.
In FIG. 5, the inside of both side walls 2 is configured to be gradually inclined inward from the mounting position of the bottom shell 6. Other configurations are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIGS.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 6 will be described.
In FIG. 6, the inner shape of both side walls 2 is vertically provided so as to be perpendicular to the bottom shell 6, and a bilge keel 22 is provided at the lower end.
Is provided inward. Other configurations are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIGS.

[0022]

According to the present invention, the inner surfaces of both side walls are inclined inward,
Because the seawater in the bottom of the ship is static, the air in the air cushion room does not go outside from the side and the buoyancy can be adjusted completely,
There is an effect that it is possible to carry a large amount of cargo and to sail safely and at the same time to improve speed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an air cushion ship.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a bottom view showing a main part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of a compressed air supply unit.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing a main part according to another embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing a main part according to another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hull 2 Side wall 3 Bow seal 4 Stern seal 5 Air cushion room 6 Bottom outer plate 7 Vertical partition plate 8 Horizontal partition plate 8a Horizontal part 9, 10 Guide plate

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60V 1/04-1/06 B60V 1/18 B60V 3/06 B63B 1/34

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An air cushion chamber, which is surrounded by left and right inner side walls of a hull, a bottom shell, a bow seal and a stern seal, and has a downward opening, is provided at the bottom of the hull, and the air cushion chamber is vertically partitioned with a horizontal partition. An air cushion ship comprising a plate as a partition wall and having a compressed air supply means for supplying compressed air to the air cushion chamber to float the hull, wherein the air cushion chamber is separated from the bottom outer plate by the left and right sides of the hull. A plurality of the vertical partition plates parallel to each other in the range along the traveling direction of the hull and suspended from the bottom outer plate so that the horizontal partition plate extends to the middle position in the height direction of the inner wall, and the horizontal partition plate is a hull. The cushion chamber is defined so as to be perpendicular to the traveling direction of the boat and inclined backward in the stern direction, and the width of the opening at the bottom of the bottom plate is adjusted so that air does not leak out of the boat except for the bottom plate. Next to An air cushion ship characterized by being narrower than its width. 2. A guide plate extends in a stern direction at a lower edge of the bow seal, and a guide plate extends in a bow direction at a lower edge of the stern seal, and the guide plate is disposed closest to the stern. 2. The air cushion ship according to claim 1, wherein the air cushion ship is connected to a lower end of the horizontal partition plate. 3. The horizontal partition plate according to claim 1, wherein a bent portion is provided at a lower portion, the lower portion is formed horizontally below the bent portion, and a lower end edge is directed toward the stern. Air cushion ship.