KR20110075122A - Soil revegetation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A ground greening method using an eco-friendly soil conditioner is provided to firmly harden the ground soil using the eco-friendly soil conditioner produced with malic acid and citric acid. CONSTITUTION: A ground greening method using an eco-friendly soil conditioner comprises the following steps: rolling a soil composition containing bottom ash, a by-product fertilizer, activated lignin, humic acid, and plant seeds with paper, to obtain a weft(110); weaving the weft with a net(120) to obtain a vegetation net(100); diluting the eco-friendly soil conditioner containing malic acid and citric acid, and spraying on the ground before hardening the ground; and spreading the vegetation net on the ground, and spraying water.

Description

Ground Reclamation Method

The present invention relates to a ground greening method for preventing soil loss on the ground surface and creating a stable environment for plant germination and growth.

In general, slopes generated from various civil works are covered with cover members such as vinyl, tents, curing cloths, and awnings to prevent soil loss on the ground due to rain. In order to prevent the cover member from blowing in the wind, it is necessary to press well with sand bags or stones. This method is only a temporary measure, so semi-permanent measures are required. This semi-permanent slope prevention method is best suited for greening. In addition, the demand for greening works that cover the ground with grassland construction in lakeside maintenance, leisure facilities, sports facilities, etc. is increasing, and as the interest in ecological environment increases, the ground greening construction for eco-friendly urban environment will be expanded in various ways. It is expected to be.

In order to create green space, seed straight, seed spray, flat grass, scroll grass, seed nets attached to seeds, seedlings made of straw, and core (Coir-) depending on the site location, use, and construction period. Net, Jute-net, etc. are used. Among them, the nets attached with seeds have a seed line made by rolling up the plant seeds with paper and weaving them on the net or by attaching paper to one side of the net and attaching the plant seeds to it. These nets can be easily installed to reduce labor and there is no risk of plant seeds being lost. However, most incisions and soils are not good soil, and even more plant seeds attached to the net There is a problem that the germination of the plant seed is not made smoothly under such conditions.

Meanwhile, coal is one of the major energy sources in the world, including Korea. Therefore, interest in the treatment and utilization of coal ash generated as a by-product after coal combustion is increasing. Bottom ash is an industrial by-product that accounts for 15 to 20% of the total coal ash generation. Recently, technologies for recycling bottom ash to concrete admixtures and cement raw materials have appeared, but so far, most of the bottom ash is simply landfilled and dumped. As landfills and company heads for disposal are saturated, there is an urgent need to develop applications for recycling them. Bottom ash is a major component of silicon oxide, accounting for nearly 50% of the total, followed by aluminum oxide, iron oxide and calcium oxide. The sum of these three components exceeds 90% of the total.

The bottom ash is characterized by aluminosilicate minerals, which are almost similar to those of ordinary soils, and thus can be used as a soil amendment agent. There is a need for inducible technology.

The present invention is to strengthen the soil of the earth surface using environmentally friendly soil improver mainly composed of malic acid and citric acid, germination of plant seeds by laying a seed net to accommodate the soil composition containing the bottom ash as an industrial by-product on the ground And to provide a ground greening method for creating a suitable environment for plant growth.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention introduces the following problem solving means.

1. Even if the seed line does not touch the ground, prepare a soil composition with the conditions for plant seeds to germinate in the seed line. By applying bottom ash, which is almost the same as that of general soil, as the main raw material of the soil composition, industrial waste is recycled to be used as a source of mineral nutrients for plants. In addition, by utilizing the by-products developed in the agriculture, forestry and livestock industry as a fertilizer, to obtain organic nutrients, and activated lignin and humic acid in order to make the best use of natural soil microorganisms. In addition to the natural adsorption of soil microorganisms, it is possible to promote plant growth by microbial activity by inoculating indigenous microorganisms with local characteristics, and also combine chaff charcoal and rare earth elements that are beneficial to plant and microbial growth. It is possible to construct a soil composition for ground greening with the optimal conditions for plant seed germination and plant growth.

2. Use malic acid and citric acid as soil improver to minimize the loss of surface soil by securing the ground before plant seeds germinate from seed nets and root on the ground by hardening the ground. It is an organic acid material developed from natural phenomena where the soil of apple fields hardens, and it can not only eliminate the concern about soil contamination but also increase the soil microorganisms and later serve as a fertilizer to supply the nutrients necessary for plant growth. Done. When the soil modifier is diluted with water and sprayed onto the ground, the soil modifier is coated on the soil particles in a gel state to reduce the binding force peculiar to the soil particles, and the consolidation by voltage is accelerated to firmly ground the ground. Even if this hardens, the surface of the ground becomes very smooth, there is no resistance to plant rooting, and there is no problem when it is reexcavated later.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

1. Roll the soil composition into paper, make a seed line, and weave it on the net to make a seed net and install it on the ground. You can get off.

2. The bottom ash, an industrial by-product, can be recycled as a source of inorganic nutrients to plants.

3. The activated lignin contained in the soil microorganisms provides a habitat for soil microorganisms, and the activity of soil microorganisms contributes to plant growth.

4. By collecting indigenous microorganisms in a specific area and inoculating the soil composition, the adaptability of microorganisms and the ability to degrade organic matters can be maximized.

5. By adding chaff charcoal and rare earth elements to the soil composition, it is possible to create an optimal environment for plant seed germination and plant growth.

6. Dilute soil improver, which is mainly composed of malic acid and citric acid, in water and spray it on the ground. The ground surface is hardened to prevent soil loss.

7. Since the soil improver is made of environmentally friendly materials, it can also function as a fertilizer to dispel concerns about soil pollution and to promote plant growth.

The present invention comprises the steps of (a) a bottom ash, by-product fertilizer, activated lignin, humic acid, and soil composition comprising a plant seed to make a seed line, weaving the seed line to the net to produce a vegetation net; (b) diluting a soil improving agent mainly composed of malic acid and citric acid in water, spraying and compacting the object on the ground; And (c) spreading the seed net over the ground and spraying water; It provides ground recording method, including.

The soil composition is 10 to 55% by weight of bottom ash with a diameter of 0.5 to 5mm, 10 to 40% by weight of by-product fertilizer, 1 to 10% by weight of activated lignin, 1 to 10% by weight of humic acid and 10 to 30% by weight of plant seeds. One can apply.

The present invention is to apply the bottom ash, which is a byproduct of thermal power generation, as a component of the soil composition, it is preferable to mix 10 ~ 55% by weight to select the 0.5 ~ 5mm diameter range. When the bottom ash is added in less than 10% by weight, the supply effect of inorganic nutrients is significantly reduced, and when it exceeds 55% by weight, it may adversely affect the physical properties of the soil, and at the same time may cause a lack of organic content. The soil composition is added by 10 to 40% by weight of the by-product fertilizer as an organic material for providing nutrients necessary for germinating and growing plant seeds. By-product fertilizer refers to compost made from raw materials designated by the Minister of Agriculture and Forestry, livestock, human waste, food waste, etc. Formulated in a weight ratio of 1: 1 and after a sufficient maturity period of more than 30 days can be used to produce a stable compost. This by-product fertilizer feeds the soil composition according to the present invention with organics and large elements such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium, as well as other trace elements. When these by-product fertilizers are added in less than 10% by weight, the organic supply capacity is significantly lowered, and the effect of the addition is difficult to be expected, and when it exceeds 40% by weight, it may contain an excessive amount of elements, which may cause plant growth difficulties. It is not desirable. The by-product fertilizer can also be meaningful to recycle the industrial by-products that are subject to disposal, like the bottom ash described above. In addition, it is possible to further add a small amount of gypsum phosphate as a pH control and phosphate fertilizer source of the soil composition.

In addition, 1 to 10% by weight of the activated lignin is added to the soil composition. The lignin is a kind of main component of woody plant, and is a polymer compound having a molecular structure such as a sponge by condensing a structural unit having a phenylpropane skeleton. Activated lignin has a large specific surface area (about 900,000 m 2 / kg), and thus has great ability to adsorb and attach soluble organic substances and microorganisms. In addition, the activated lignin has excellent cation substitution ability (about 200 to 600 meq / 100 g) to remove heavy metals having a cationic character. In addition, activated lignin has a cation substitution capacity of about 200 meq / 100 g to 600 meq / 100 g, thereby removing heavy metals having a cationic character. Activated lignin provides a space for microorganisms in the soil composition, and serves to maximize the adsorption and adhesion of soluble organic substances and microorganisms. Thus, soil microorganisms that are suspended in water or inhabit the soil surface can adhere to the lignin. Soil microorganisms attached to the lignin promote the decomposition of contaminants. At this time, the germinated plant becomes an oxygen source to prevent anaerobic soil microorganisms, and the soil microorganisms decompose organic substances to help the plants absorb organic matter.

The lignin is added to allow the natural soil microorganisms to be adsorbed and inhabited, or the soil composition may be pre-inoculated with the indigenous microorganisms purified to local characteristics. Indigenous microorganisms refer to microorganisms living indigenously in a specific environment. If the nutritional state of the environment is constant, the number of indigenous microorganisms is kept constant. These indigenous microorganisms include filamentous fungi, bacteria, and actinomycetes, which are superior to any other organism in terms of number, quantity and metabolic activity. In general, it is directly observed that 1 g of soil contains 10 ⁸ to 10 ¹⁰ bacteria. Bacteria are generally found in arable land rather than grassland or fallow land, in warmer soils than in cold soils, and in wet soils than in dry soils. The average weight of the bacteria is 1 × 10 ^-12 g (0.01 ng), which, despite their large number, is less than 10% of the total soil biomass, approximately 300 to 3,000 kg per hectare, depending on the environment. Bacteria in the soil can be classified into indigenous bacteria (original bacteria, native bacteria) that can be considered as permanent residents in a given environment, and foreign bacteria (exogenous bacteria) that can be called intruders or temporary inhabitants. Exogenous bacteria are introduced by rainfall, diseased tissue, manure or sludge and survive and grow in soil but contribute little to important biochemical activity. Indigenous bacteria are mainly delayed-growing microorganisms, but fermentative bacteria that grow due to their presence in the presence of food are also called native microorganisms. Bacteria used as microbial agents mainly belong to fermentative microorganisms. The most common isolates from soil are the genus Bacillus and Pseudomonas. The genus Bacillus represents 7-67% of soil isolates. Bacillus genus forms spores like actinomycetes. The genus Bacillus grows in the range of pH 2 to 8 and the temperature ranges from -5 ° C to 75 ° C. Some Bacillus genus fix nitrogen. Pseudomonas genus represents 3% to 15% of soil isolates. Some Pseudomonas genus are pathogenic, but have the ability to break down various metabolisms, especially organic compounds such as pesticides. The indigenous ecological mixture of the present invention selects soils with low pollution in a specific area to supply inorganic nutrients and growth agents and artificially supply air to inhabit various microorganisms, and to form indigenous microorganisms by forming favorable conditions for the growth of microorganisms. It can be obtained by culturing. At this time, the growth agent may be rich in nutrients and high decomposition rate of rice, barley rice, rice cake, tobap, koji, and may further include protein-rich soybean powder or soybean flakes to increase indigenous microbial growth. Microorganisms break down organic matter into water and carbon dioxide as they accumulate in the body. Microorganisms grow in large quantities when there are enough contaminants to feed and the growing environment is suitable, and environmental purification is achieved by eating more contaminants in large quantities. Indigenous ecological mixture using indigenous microorganisms inhabiting a specific area as in the present invention maximizes the activity of microorganisms and the decomposition of organic matter.

In addition, the humic acid added to the soil composition is called humic acid as a residue from which plants have been corroded for a long time in the ground. Humic acid is an acidic substance of medium to high molecular weight. It is amorphous and has a yellowish brown to mud brown color. In addition, carboxyl groups, phenolic hydroxyl groups, alcoholic hydroxyl groups, polywoodides, polysaccharides, proteins, peptides and the like are present. Humic acid is basically a carbonized insoluble sediment in nature and the role of humic acid is to chelate cationic nutrients, cation exchange function, supply of useful active organic matter and trace elements. Humic acid increases the germination and germination rate of plant seeds, decreases the toxicity of various harmful chemicals and heavy metals, improves soil structure and fertilizes, stimulates growth through cellular activity, potent chelating agents, soil pH regulators, and increases the effective oxygen content in soil. Increasing the osmotic force of the cell membrane, increasing the resistance to drought, promoting the growth of the root, etc. Due to this effect it can promote the growth of plants to remove various organic substances. Humic acid also maximizes the activity of microorganisms against microorganisms, degrading hydrocarbons and polymers such as organic materials and oils. In the present invention, the humic acid is added in an amount of 1 to 10% by weight, when it is added in an amount of less than 1% by weight, it is difficult to expect the above-mentioned effect, and when it exceeds 10% by weight, the effect becomes excessive compared to the amount of plant seed administered. It is difficult to expect the promotion of the.

Plant seeds are also formulated in the soil composition as part of the ground greening soil composition, and blended in 10 to 30% by weight, it is possible to maintain the optimum number of plants according to the nutritional status of the soil.

 Meanwhile, chaff charcoal may be further added to the soil composition. Chaff charcoal makes countless holes such as fine honeycomb during carbonization. Its surface area is over 660㎡ per 1g of chaff charcoal, and because it is in the form of chaff itself, it has better adsorption, breathability and boring power than any other charcoal. Promotes the germination and plant growth of plant seeds by vitalizing the soil by providing an optimal habitat environment for effective microorganisms. In addition, it is soft (fibrous) compared to charcoal (hard), so the structure is dense and has many voids, so it selectively absorbs harmful substances. Numerous microscopic holes in chaff charcoal are caused by the burning of the chaff's cell walls, which are able to selectively absorb harmful viruses or toxins because they exert strong adsorption to fill their voids. It also has a humidity control function (water capacity) that collects the moisture that plants can grow and then dissipates when the plant needs it, and contains up to 30% of the volume of chaff charcoal to grow the microbes in the ground. In addition, during the carbon assimilation of the plant, oxygen is smoothly supplied to the roots so that the plant is firmly rooted and resistant to pests. These charcoal charcoal contains 230 kinds of various minerals without harmful ingredients, so it also plays a role of supplying various trace elements necessary for the growth of plants. Such chaff charcoal can be added 5 to 20% by weight depending on the proportion of plant seeds.

In addition, the present invention provides a ground greening method characterized in that it further comprises 0.5 to 1% by weight of the rare earth element in the soil composition.

Rare earth (RE) literally means rare soils that rarely exist on Earth. Lanthanium group of 15 elements from lanthanum (La) with atomic number 57 to lutetium (Lu) with atomic number 71 and scandium with atomic number 21 A total of 17 elements, combined with Scandium: Sc and Ytium with atomic number 39, are called rare earth elements (REE) (see Table 1).

[Table 1]-Rare Earth Elements

Element Name Symbol Atomic number Scantium Sc 21 yttrium Y 39 Lanthanum La 57 cerium Ce 58 praseodymium Pr 59 Neodymium Nd 60 Promethium Pm 61 samarium Sm 62 Europium Eu 63 gadolinium Gd 64 terbium Tb 65 dysprosium Dy 66 Hlm Ho 67 erbium Er 68 thulium Tm 69 ytterbium Yb 70 lutecium Lu 71

Rare earth elements are stable in dry air and conduct heat well, and the main minerals for which rare earth elements are detected include monazite, basnaesite, and xenotime.

Based on physical properties, rare earth elements do not have very similar properties. For example, the melting point (1,663 ° C) of lutetium (Lu) is significantly different from the melting point (920 ° C) of lanthanum (La), and the vapor pressures of yttrium (Y) and europium (Eu) at 1,000 ° C are lanthanum It is 1 million times larger than the vapor pressure of (La) and cerium (Ce). However, rare earth elements, especially lanthanide elements with atomic numbers 58 to 71, have some common features. Cerium, praseodymium and europium are all easily corrosive in air. Characteristically, these properties become stronger when a small amount of nonmetallic material is added. For example, light lanthanide metals corrode much more quickly in the presence of calcium or magnesium. Because rare earth elements are generally similar in atomic structure, they are very similar chemically. Since all of them have three electrons in the outermost shell, the oxidation number of these elements in the compound is three. They combine directly with nonmetallic elements to form highly stable borides, carbides, oxides and many other binary compounds.

Rare earth with such characteristics is a functional material recently expanded its application range to produce high-tech products such as superconducting semiconductors, high density memory devices, lasers, special alloys, oil refining catalysts, special glass, new ceramics, permanent magnets, TV brown tubes and fluorescent lamps. It is widely used at. In addition, rare earth elements have recently been actively applied in agriculture in China. Rare earth metals have been reported to promote photosynthesis by increasing the blue light absorption rate of plants, promote seed germination by increasing the activity of starch degrading enzymes, and increase the ability to withstand a pair of crops due to its strong moisturizing function. In particular, various enzymes, physiologically active substances, hormones, etc. in the plant were promoted to increase the production and quality through promoting quantitative and qualitative growth, improving the disease resistance and environmental resistance, the pesticide residue and the nitrate dropping effect was remarkable. Since the rare earth element expresses the above functions even in a small amount, the proper addition ratio for promoting the germination of plants and the growth of germinated plants is estimated to be 0.5 to 1% by weight.

Rolling the soil composition as the paper made of the seed line 110 and weave the seed line 110 to the net 120 can be configured as the seed line net 100 as shown in [FIG. 1]. The seed net 100 has been conventionally used for greening of cut ground, fill ground, and the like. However, in the conventional seed line only contains plant seeds, germination can not be germinated if the line does not touch the ground, even if the seed line touches the ground could not be germinated if the soil condition of the ground is not good. However, soils requiring artificial greening usually have poor soil conditions, and in fact, the germination rate of plant seeds was very low in conventional seed nets. However, if the soil composition is placed in the seed line as in the present invention, even if the seed line does not touch the ground, the plant seeds germinate in the seed line, and various nutrients and ingredients necessary for plant growth, suitably blended with the soil composition for grounding This allows the plant roots to grow firmly on the ground.

After completing the production of the seed net as described above (step (a)), the soil improving agent mainly composed of malic acid and citric acid is diluted in water and sprayed to the target ground and the step (b) is carried out. The malic acid is contained in natural fruits such as apples and grapes, and citric acid is also contained in the juice as free acid, so the soil improving agent mainly containing the malic acid and citric acid is not concerned about soil contamination. The mechanism of this soil modifier is shown in FIG. When the soil improving agent is diluted in water and sprayed onto the soil, the soil improving agent is coated on the soil particles in a gel state to reduce the binding force between the soil particles. In this state, the consolidation by the voltage is accelerated, so that the soil is hardened, so that the soft ground can be improved to obtain the effect of improving the bearing capacity. The ground surface hardened by the soil improver has a soft texture, suppresses an increase in surface temperature, and increases microorganisms on the ground surface. Ground compaction after spraying soil modifiers can be carried out with equipment such as fork cranes.

After spraying and compacting the soil modifying agent as described above (step (b)), the seed net is installed on the ground and sprayed with water (step (c)). When the string net is installed on the ground, it may be fixed by a gong or the like, but the string net has enough friction, so the installation work can be terminated by simply spreading it wide. After the seed nets are installed, the ground rust and the finishing method are sprayed with water for the germination of plant seeds.

1 is a photograph of the seedling net applied to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a mechanism of action of the soil improver applied to the present invention. FIG.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100: seedline net 110: seedline

120: net

Claims (5)

(a) rolling a soil composition including bottom ash, by-product fertilizer, activated lignin, humic acid and plant seeds to make seedlings, and weaving the seedlings into a net to produce a vegetation net; (b) diluting a soil improving agent mainly composed of malic acid and citric acid in water, spraying and compacting the object on the ground; And (c) spreading the seed net on the ground and spraying water; Floor recording method, including. In claim 1, The soil composition includes 10 to 55% by weight of bottom ash with a diameter of 0.5 to 5mm, 10 to 40% by weight of by-product fertilizer, 1 to 10% by weight of activated lignin, 1 to 10% by weight of humic acid and 10 to 30% by weight of plant seeds. Floor greening method characterized in that. 3. The method of claim 2, The soil composition is ground planting method, characterized in that inoculated with indigenous microorganisms purified to local characteristics. 3. The method of claim 2, The soil composition is ground planting method, characterized in that it further comprises 5 to 20% by weight chaff charcoal. 3. The method of claim 2, The soil composition is ground planting method, characterized in that it further comprises 0.5 to 1% by weight of rare earth elements.

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