CN116426293A - Soil improvement material, ecological preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Soil improvement material, ecological preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116426293A CN116426293A CN202310343589.4A CN202310343589A CN116426293A CN 116426293 A CN116426293 A CN 116426293A CN 202310343589 A CN202310343589 A CN 202310343589A CN 116426293 A CN116426293 A CN 116426293A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a soil improvement material and an ecological preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method of the soil improvement material takes industrial solid wastes such as gangue, steel slag, fly ash, slag and the like, urban solid wastes such as kitchen waste, municipal sludge and the like and agricultural solid wastes such as straw and excrement and the like as main raw materials, smoke components and waste heat in the solid waste pyrolysis process are fully utilized for preparing micro powder and superfine powder for winnowing classification, the adaptability, stress resistance, disease resistance and penetrability of host plants are enhanced by using mycorrhizal fungi composite microbial agents, carbon fixation is carried out through photosynthesis in the growth and development process of the host plants, and root systems and root cycle life communities thereof not only increase the nutrient and organic matter content in soil, but also produce abundant beneficial microbial communities. The preparation process is green and low-carbon, and the produced soil improvement material has good quality improvement effect and remarkable comprehensive benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of preparation of soil improvement materials, and particularly relates to a soil improvement material prepared from industrial and agricultural production and resident living solid wastes.
Background
On one hand, site restoration, river basin treatment and landscaping engineering often need to dig 'good soil' such as loess, nutrient soil and the like to reconstruct soil, remodel landform or cover the surface layer with soil, and the ecological environment of the soil-taking site is inevitably destroyed; on the other hand, the long-term piling up of the multi-source solid wastes in mass production and living such as gangue, sludge and the like occupies a large amount of land and continuously pollutes the environment; therefore, the method is used for manufacturing soil materials such as artificial soil and the like by utilizing the multi-source solid waste, and is used for site repair, river basin treatment and landscaping engineering.
In the prior art, the technology for manufacturing soil materials such as artificial soil and the like by utilizing multi-source solid waste mainly takes grading, meets the requirements of ventilation porosity and matrix texture by crushing and screening the solid waste such as gangue, construction waste and the like, and converts organic matters and available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium components by adding municipal solid waste and functional bacteria passivation matrixes. However, as the contents of organic carbon and nutrient components in the raw materials such as gangue are low, bacteria are sensitive to environmental influences and cannot take effect for a long time, so that the soil quality improvement effect is poor; in addition, a large amount of artificial soil is piled up, and the problems of occupying a pressing field and raising dust are also caused. Therefore, a preparation method for preparing the soil improvement material by using the multi-source solid waste with green low carbon, good soil quality improvement effect and remarkable comprehensive benefit and the soil improvement material are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of a soil improvement material by using multi-source solid waste with green low carbon, good soil quality improvement effect and remarkable comprehensive benefit and the soil improvement material.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a soil improvement material, which sequentially comprises the following steps:
s1: turning and throwing kitchen garbage, municipal sludge and other urban solid wastes and straws, excrement and other agricultural solid wastes by a turning and throwing machine or stirring and mixing by a stirring machine, briquetting by a briquetting machine, pyrolyzing in a pyrolysis furnace at 400-700 ℃ to prepare biochar, recovering acid gas containing biological vinegar and biological tar generated in the pyrolysis process, and recovering heat and water vapor generated in the pyrolysis process;
s2: crushing industrial solid wastes such as gangue, steel slag, fly ash, slag and the like by using a jaw crusher or a hammer crusher, removing iron by using an iron remover, removing impurities by using a vibrating screen or a sliding screen with a pore diameter of 30-50mm, screening by using a vibrating screen with a mesh of 40, and screening to obtain granules with the particle diameter of less than or equal to 40 meshes as raw materials for standby; sieving to obtain particles with a size of more than 40 meshes, pulverizing in a pulverizer, grading, and introducing pyrolysis acidic flue gas and water vapor generated by S1 to modify and activate to obtain micropowder with a particle size of 10-75 μm and superfine micropowder with a particle size of less than 10 μm;
s3: the biochar prepared in the step S1, particles with the particle size less than or equal to 40 meshes obtained in the step S2, micro powder and ultra-micro powder prepared in the step S2 are subjected to grading, cyclic crushing, screening and homogenization according to the requirement, a product is paved to form a substrate, the biochar content in the substrate can be 0, and the thickness of the substrate is calculated by adopting a formula H=h×k, wherein:
h-the thickness of the substrate, in m,
h-maximum value of average length of root system in various host plants planted, unit is m,
k-penetration coefficient, the value of k is 1.2-1.5;
s4: spreading a base fertilizer Ca (H) on the substrate of the step S3 2 PO 4 ) 2 Or KH 2 PO 4 About 5-10g/m 2 10-20g/m urea 2 Forming a base fertilizer layer;
s5: paving a second interlayer with the thickness of 5-10cm above the base fertilizer layer in the step S4, wherein the second interlayer has the same components as the substrate, the content of biochar, micro powder and superfine powder in the second interlayer is higher than that in the substrate, and the content of biochar in the substrate can be 0;
s6: spreading mycorrhizal fungi composite bacterial agent above the interlayer II in the step S5;
s7: paving a first interlayer with the thickness of 5-10cm above the mycorrhizal fungi composite microbial inoculum in the step S6, wherein the first interlayer has the same components as the substrate, the content of biochar, micro powder and superfine powder in the first interlayer is higher than that in the substrate, and then planting or transplanting mycorrhizal fungi dependent pioneer plants on the first interlayer to construct a green warehouse;
s8: planting and managing, adding biological vinegar with concentration of about 3-5%o on the surface layer of green stock when two leaves grow out, seedlings are full, seedlings are good and strong, and watering for 1-3L/m every other day 2 Repeated once a week for 2-3 weeks; adding water-soluble nitrogenous fertilizer for 4-6 weeks after biological vinegar is applied;
s9: harvesting part or all of the plant surface parts every 3-6 months, and pyrolyzing and processing into biochar, biological vinegar and biological tar by using a pyrolysis furnace;
s10: continuously piling up the green house soil and continuously curing; or taking soil according to market demands, sieving, uniformly mixing, adding corresponding microbial agents, nutritional ingredients and the like for tempering, and producing green low-carbon soil conditioner, soil purification material and organic fertilizer.
In the step S2, powder making/classifying equipment is selected from any one of an air flow mill, a steam mill, a ball mill or a Raymond mill, and the equipment is required to be corrosion-resistant and matched with a wet electric dust collector or an acid-resistant and moisture-resistant bag-type dust collector to collect the product in the step S2.
In the step S2, the powder making/classifying equipment adopts any one of a medium speed mill, a Raymond mill and a ball mill, and the prepared particles are flat; the powder making/classifying equipment adopts one of an air flow mill and a steam mill, and the prepared particles are polyhedrons.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a soil improvement material, wherein in the step S2, the acid gas and the water vapor are both products of a pyrolysis process in the step S1.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a soil improvement material, wherein in the step S6, the mycorrhizal fungi composite microbial inoculum consists of mycorrhizal fungi, rhizosphere growth promoting bacteria, saprophytic fungi, a water-retaining agent and a carbon-based carrier adsorption material.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a soil improvement material, wherein in the step S6, on each square meter of a second interlayer, mycorrhizal fungi composite microbial inoculum and one of nutrient soil, peat soil or weathered coal are uniformly stirred according to a mass ratio of 1:1000, thoroughly dispersed and uniformly spread on the second interlayer, wherein the dosage of the mycorrhizal fungi composite microbial inoculum is 0.1-5g, and the dosage of one of the nutrient soil, peat soil or weathered coal is 0.1-5kg.
In the step S7, when plants are planted or transplanted, mycorrhizal fungi composite bacterial agents are used for treating seeds or plant branches, the seeds are required to be coated and mixed with seeds, and the branches are required to be dipped in roots.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a soil improvement material, wherein in the process of building a green house in the step S7, a root drip irrigation and oxygenation system is selected, a sampling corridor is built, a solar auxiliary light source system is arranged, and plant development, soil curing and pest control are promoted.
The invention relates to a soil improvement material, which is prepared by adopting the preparation method of any one of the soil improvement materials.
The invention relates to application of the soil improvement material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, industrial solid wastes such as gangue, steel slag, fly ash and slag and agricultural solid wastes such as kitchen waste, municipal sludge and the like and straws, excrement and the like are used as main raw materials, flue gas (acidic water-containing gas, including a small amount of biological tar-BT and biological vinegar-BV) generated by pyrolyzing briquetting materials such as kitchen waste, sludge, straw, excrement and the like is used for air distribution and wind selection classification after micro powder is ground by a Raymond mill or a medium-speed mill or air flow mill, the waste heat and components of the flue gas are fully utilized to be mixed, reacted, homogenized and carried with the gangue, steel slag, fly ash, slag and the like in the grinding process, the PH and the like of the powder are regulated, the physicochemical properties are subjected to air separation classification, and then the powder (micro powder and superfine powder) with different physical properties and different particle diameters are formed for standby, and the mycorrhizal fungi compound microbial inoculum can be used for enhancing the adaptability, stress resistance, disease resistance and penetrability of host plants, and accelerating nutrient and organic matter decomposition in soil and improving the soil curing process; the host plant is subjected to carbon fixation through photosynthesis in the growth and development process, and the root system and the peri-root life community of the host plant not only increase the organic matter content of soil; but also to produce a rich beneficial microbial community. The host plant ground substances are processed into biochar, biological vinegar and the like, on one hand, the water and fertilizer conditions are improved, on the other hand, the biological vinegar and biological tar are quantitatively used for promoting plant growth and preventing and controlling diseases and insects, and by combining deep root host plants, mycorrhizal fungi, the biochar with micro powder and ultra-micro powder, oxygen is enhanced to be conducted to a matrix deep layer (0.5-2.5 m), so that the improvement of the quality of green warehouse soil is accelerated, the soil improvement effect is good, and green low-carbon soil improvement agents, soil conditioning agents, soil purification materials, organic fertilizer and other soil improvement materials are produced; the soil improvement material can be packaged and sold according to market demands, so that occupied space is saved, and the comprehensive benefit is obvious.
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of preparing a soil improvement material of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the green house according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but not in detail, and are known to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the soil improvement material of the present invention comprises the following steps:
s1: turning and throwing kitchen garbage, municipal sludge and other urban solid wastes and straw, excrement and other agricultural solid wastes by a turning and throwing machine or stirring and mixing by a stirring machine, briquetting by a briquetting machine, pyrolyzing in a pyrolysis furnace at 400-700 ℃ to obtain Biological Carbon (BC), generating acid gas (containing biological vinegar liquid BV and biological tar BT) in the pyrolysis process, and recovering heat and water vapor generated in the pyrolysis process.
S2: crushing industrial solid wastes such as gangue, steel slag, fly ash, slag and the like by using a jaw crusher or a hammer crusher, removing iron by using an iron remover, removing impurities by using a vibrating screen or a sliding screen with the aperture of 30-50mm, screening by using a 40-mesh vibrating screen, and obtaining particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 40 meshes as raw materials for standby; sieving to obtain particles with a size larger than 40 meshes, pulverizing in a pulverizer, grading, and introducing pyrolysis acidic flue gas and water vapor generated in S1 for modification and activation to obtain micropowder and superfine powder (micropowder particle diameter 10-75 μm, superfine powder particle diameter less than 10 μm). The powder making/classifying equipment is preferably an air flow mill and a steam mill to obtain solid particles, and then a medium speed mill, a Raymond mill and a ball mill are selected to prepare the particles which are mostly flat.
S3: and (3) performing grading, cyclic crushing, screening and homogenization on the Biochar (BC) prepared in the step S1, particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 40 meshes prepared in the step S2, micro powder and superfine powder prepared in the step S2 according to requirements, paving a product to form a substrate, wherein the biochar content in the substrate can be 0. The thickness of the substrate is calculated by taking the longest root mean depth in the host plant as H according to the local natural climate and the application target planting condition, and the formula h=h×k is adopted, wherein:
h-the thickness of the substrate, in m,
h-maximum value of average length of root system in various host plants (usually, various host plants are planted, the average length of root systems of various plants is different, maximum value of average length is selected as h), unit is m,
the penetration coefficient of k is 1.2-1.5 (dimensionless).
S4: spreading a base fertilizer Ca (H) on the substrate in the step S3 2 PO 4 ) 2 Or KH 2 PO 4 About 5-10g/m 2 10-20g/m urea 2 Forming a base fertilizer layer.
S5: and (3) paving a second interlayer with the thickness of 5-10cm above the base fertilizer layer in the step (S4), wherein the second interlayer has the same components as the substrate, the content of biochar, micro powder and superfine powder in the second interlayer is higher than that in the substrate, and the content of biochar in the substrate can be 0.
S6: uniformly spreading mycorrhizal fungi composite bacterial agent above the interlayer II in the step S5, dispersing 0.1-5g mycorrhizal fungi composite bacterial agent with 1-5kg loess, nutrient soil, peat soil or weathered coal above the interlayer II per square meter, and uniformly spreading. The mycorrhizal fungi composite microbial inoculum consists of mycorrhizal fungi, rhizosphere growth promoting bacteria, saprophytic fungi, a water-retaining agent and a carbon-based supported adsorption material.
S7: and (2) paving a first interlayer with the thickness of 5-10cm above the mycorrhizal fungi composite microbial inoculum in the step (S6), wherein the first interlayer has the same components as the substrate, the content of biochar, micro powder and superfine powder in the first interlayer is higher than that of the biochar, micro powder and superfine powder in the substrate, then planting mycorrhizal fungi dependent pioneer plants (including but not limited to alfalfa, clover, wheat straw, amorpha fruticosa, vetiver and the like) on the first interlayer, treating the planted plants by using the mycorrhizal fungi composite microbial inoculum, coating seeds, dressing seeds, dipping branches into roots, and constructing a green warehouse system, wherein the structure is shown in figure 2, and the formula ratio is shown in table 1.
Table 1 formulation ratio (w/w)
Mycorrhizal fungi-dependent pioneer plants (including but not limited to alfalfa, clover, wheat straw, amorpha fruticosa, vetiver, etc.) (host plants) can be planted on the first interlayer to construct a green stock, and the stock thickness, pioneer crop, and ripening time can be referred to table 2.
TABLE 2 thickness of stack, pioneer crop and ripening time examples
S8: planting and managing, and when two true leaves grow out, the seedlings are complete, the seedlings are good in condition and strong in growth vigor, the plants are greenAdding biological vinegar at about 3-5%o on the surface layer of the warehouse, and watering 1-3L/m every other day 2 The administration was repeated once a week for 2-3 weeks. After the biological vinegar is applied, adding a water-soluble nitrogenous fertilizer every other week for 4-6 weeks.
S9: and harvesting part or all of the plant surface parts every 3-6 months, wherein in the step S1, the plant surface parts are pyrolyzed and processed into biochar, biological vinegar and biological tar by using a pyrolysis furnace, so as to accelerate the improvement of the soil quality of a green house and prevent and treat diseases and insect pests. After the green storehouse is used, the sample can be timely taken on the green storehouse soil, and the microorganism, organic matter, pH value and conductivity are detected, so that the application amount of biological vinegar and the like can be conveniently adjusted, and the quality of the green storehouse soil is improved.
S10: and after the green warehouse soil reaches the storage life, the green warehouse soil can be selected to continue to be stored, and is continuously cured or is taken out and screened according to market demands, evenly mixed, and tempered by adding corresponding microbial agents, nutritional ingredients and the like, so that the green low-carbon soil conditioner, the soil purification material and the organic fertilizer are produced.
Wherein: in the construction process of the green house in the step S7, a root drip irrigation oxygenation system is selected, a sampling corridor (sampling is carried out regularly, whether soil meets nutrient requirements, whether root systems meet propagation standards or not is judged, and the like) is constructed, a solar auxiliary light source system is arranged, and plant development, soil curing and pest control are promoted. The root drip irrigation oxygenation system can be selected from root drip irrigation oxygenation systems in the prior art, such as the Chinese patent with publication number of CN108476933A, and other root drip irrigation oxygenation systems can be selected.
The main raw materials of the green low-carbon soil improvement material produced by the invention are industrial solid wastes such as gangue, steel slag, fly ash, slag and the like, urban solid wastes such as kitchen garbage, municipal sludge and the like, and agricultural solid wastes such as straw, excrement and the like.
The green low-carbon soil improvement material is produced by matching mycorrhizal fungi and host plants according to natural climatic conditions of production places and main application targets (planted plants, planting environments and natural conditions).
The carbon in the soil formed in the production process is collected by plant planting, harvesting, pyrolysis processing of biochar, biological vinegar and waste heat utilization, and calculated by referring to a biomass method.
According to the invention, industrial solid wastes such as gangue, steel slag, fly ash and slag and the like, urban solid wastes such as kitchen waste and municipal sludge and agricultural solid wastes such as straw and excrement are taken as main raw materials, flue gas (acidic water-containing gas, including a small amount of biological tar-BT and biological vinegar-BV) generated by briquetting materials such as the kitchen waste, the sludge, the straw and the excrement is used for air distribution and wind selection classification after being subjected to Raymond mill or medium-speed mill or air flow mill micro powder preparation, the waste heat and components of the flue gas are fully utilized to be mixed, reacted, homogenized and carried in the grinding process, the PH and the like of the powder are regulated, the physicochemical properties are obtained, and then the powder (micro powder and superfine powder) with different physical properties and different particle diameters are formed for standby through winnowing classification, and the mycorrhizal fungi compound bacterial preparation can enhance the adaptability, stress resistance, disease resistance and penetrability of host plants, and promote nutrient and organic matter decomposition in soil and soil curing process; the host plant is subjected to carbon fixation through photosynthesis in the growth and development process, and the root system and the peri-root life community of the host plant not only increase the organic matter content of soil; but also producing a rich beneficial microbial community; processing the ground substances of the host plants into biochar, biological vinegar and the like, on one hand, improving the water and fertilizer conditions, and on the other hand, quantitatively using the biological vinegar and the biological tar to promote plant growth and prevent and treat diseases and insects; the combination of deep root host plants, mycorrhizal fungi, biological carbon, micro powder and ultra-micro powder strengthens the transmission of oxygen to the deep layer of a matrix (0.5-2.5 m below the matrix) and accelerates the quality improvement of the soil in the green house. The invention has good soil quality improving effect, and can be used for producing green low-carbon soil improvement agents, soil conditioning agents, soil purification materials, organic fertilizers and other soil improvement materials; the soil improvement material can be packaged and sold according to market demands, so that occupied space is saved, and the comprehensive benefit is obvious.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the core idea of 'energy source taste opposite cascade utilization', the invention fully utilizes multi-source solid waste pyrolysis smoke components and waste heat of industrial and agricultural production, resident life and the like to prepare micro powder and ultra-micro powder, simultaneously solidifies sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide and the like in the smoke, reduces the smoke purification cost, reduces emission and increases efficiency, and is green and low-carbon.
2. The invention does not build a finished product warehouse, the finished product is used for site greening, mycorrhizal fungi-dependent pioneer plants are planted, the environment is greening and beautifying, the organic matter content of the finished product is increased while biological carbon fixation is realized, the propagation microbial inoculum is activated, the soil quality improving effect is good, and the soil can be extracted, screened, packaged and sold according to the quality of the year when the soil is sold and delivered out of the warehouse, so that the comprehensive benefit is remarkable.
The above examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The ecological preparation method of the soil improvement material is characterized by comprising the following steps in sequence:
s1: turning and throwing kitchen garbage, municipal sludge and other urban solid wastes and straws, excrement and other agricultural solid wastes by a turning and throwing machine or stirring and mixing by a stirring machine, briquetting by a briquetting machine, pyrolyzing in a pyrolysis furnace at 400-700 ℃ to prepare biochar, recovering acid gas containing biological vinegar and biological tar generated in the pyrolysis process, and recovering heat and water vapor generated in the pyrolysis process;
s2: crushing industrial solid wastes such as gangue, steel slag, fly ash, slag and the like by using a jaw crusher or a hammer crusher, removing iron by using an iron remover, removing impurities by using a vibrating screen or a sliding screen with the aperture of 30-50mm, screening by using a vibrating screen with the mesh of 40, and screening to obtain granules with the mesh of less than or equal to 40 as raw materials for later use; sieving to obtain particles with a size of more than 40 meshes, pulverizing in a pulverizer, grading, and introducing pyrolysis acidic flue gas and water vapor generated by S1 to modify and activate to obtain micropowder with a particle size of 10-75 μm and superfine micropowder with a particle size of less than 10 μm;
s3: the biochar prepared in the step S1, particles with the particle size less than or equal to 40 meshes obtained in the step S2, micro powder and ultra-micro powder prepared in the step S2 are subjected to grading, cyclic crushing, screening and homogenization according to the requirement, a product is paved to form a substrate, the biochar content in the substrate can be 0, and the thickness of the substrate is calculated by adopting a formula H=h×k, wherein:
h-the thickness of the substrate, in m,
h-maximum value of average length of root system in various host plants planted, unit is m,
k-penetration coefficient, the value of k is 1.2-1.5;
s4: spreading a base fertilizer Ca (H) on the substrate of the step S3 2 PO 4 ) 2 Or KH 2 PO 4 About 5-10g/m 2 10-20g/m urea 2 Forming a base fertilizer layer;
s5: paving a second interlayer with the thickness of 5-10cm above the base fertilizer layer in the step S4, wherein the second interlayer has the same components as the substrate, and the content of biological carbon, micro powder and superfine powder in the second interlayer is higher than that in the substrate;
s6: spreading mycorrhizal fungi composite bacterial agent above the interlayer II in the step S5;
s7: paving a first interlayer with the thickness of 5-10cm above the mycorrhizal fungi composite microbial inoculum in the step S6, wherein the first interlayer has the same components as the substrate, the content of biochar, micro powder and superfine powder in the first interlayer is higher than that in the substrate, and then planting or transplanting mycorrhizal fungi dependent pioneer plants on the first interlayer to construct a green warehouse;
s8: planting and managing, adding biological vinegar with concentration of about 3-5%o on the surface layer of green stock when two leaves grow out, seedlings are full, seedlings are good and strong, and watering for 1-3L/m every other day 2 Repeated once a week for 2-3 weeks; adding water-soluble nitrogenous fertilizer for 4-6 weeks after biological vinegar is applied;
s9: harvesting part or all of the plant surface part every 3-6 months, and pyrolyzing and processing into biochar, biological vinegar and biological tar by using a pyrolysis furnace;
s10: continuously piling up the green house soil and continuously curing; or taking soil according to market demands, sieving, uniformly mixing, adding corresponding microbial agents and nutritional ingredients for tempering, and producing green low-carbon soil conditioner, soil purification material and organic fertilizer.
2. The method for producing a soil improvement material according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, powder making/classifying equipment is selected from any one of an air flow mill, a steam mill, a ball mill or a Raymond mill, and the equipment is required to be corrosion-resistant and matched with a wet electric dust collector or an acid-resistant and moisture-resistant cloth bag dust collector to collect the S2 product.
3. The method for producing a soil improvement material according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, the powder making/classifying equipment is any one of a medium speed mill, a Raymond mill and a ball mill, and the prepared particles are flat; the powder making/classifying equipment adopts one of an air flow mill and a steam mill, and the prepared particles are polyhedrons.
4. A method of preparing a soil improvement material according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: in the step S2, the acid gas and the water vapor are both products of the pyrolysis process in the step S1.
5. The method for producing a soil improvement material according to claim 4, wherein: in the step S6, the mycorrhizal fungi composite microbial inoculum is composed of mycorrhizal fungi, rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria, saprophytic fungi, a water-retaining agent and a carbon-based supported adsorption material.
6. The method for producing a soil improvement material according to claim 5, wherein: in the step S6, the mycorrhizal fungi compound bacteria agent and one of nutrient soil, peat soil or weathered coal are uniformly stirred according to a mass ratio of 1:1000 on each square meter of the interlayer II, and are uniformly spread on the interlayer II after thorough dispersion, wherein the dosage of the mycorrhizal fungi compound bacteria agent is 0.1-5g, and the dosage of one of the nutrient soil, peat soil or weathered coal is 0.1-5kg.
7. The method for producing a soil improvement material according to claim 6, wherein: in the step S7, when plants are planted or transplanted, mycorrhizal fungi compound bacteria agent is used for treating seeds or plant branches, the seeds are required to be coated and mixed with seeds, and the branches are required to be dipped in roots.
8. The method for producing a soil improvement material according to claim 7, wherein: in the process of building the green house in the step S7, a root drip irrigation oxygenation system is selected, a sampling corridor is built, a solar auxiliary light source system is arranged, plant development, soil curing and pest control are promoted.
9. A soil improvement material prepared by the method for preparing a soil improvement material according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of the soil improvement material as claimed in claim 9.
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