KR20110011102A

KR20110011102A - The artificial reef and its manufacturing method

Info

Publication number: KR20110011102A
Application number: KR1020090068573A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 김영일
Original assignee: 김영일
Priority date: 2009-07-27
Filing date: 2009-07-27
Publication date: 2011-02-08
Also published as: KR101067962B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to an artificial reef and a method for manufacturing the same, at least one selected from the group consisting of sand, gravel, stone powder, loess, clay, silica sand, zeolite, alumina, tourmaline, calcite, pearlite, elite, silica and the like. C 5-72.7%, O 20-86.7%, Mg 1-67.7%, Al 1-67.7%, Si 3-69.7%, S 0.5-67.2%, Cl 0.5-67.2%, Ca Consists of 10 to 90% by weight of mineral powder with elemental composition ratio of 2 to 68.7%, Ti 0.1 to 66.8%, Mn 0.05 to 66.75%, Fe 0.05 to 66.75%, and In 0.1 to 66.8%, and alkali metal chlorides and alkaline earth metal chlorides. At least one compound selected from the group consisting of at least 1% by weight of the rare earth element relative to the weight of the total clustered water used in the preparation of the liquid binder in a solution eluting alkali metal or alkaline earth metal by adding to the clustered water contain Is prepared by adding 20-100% by weight of a binder composed of 10 to 90% by weight of a liquid binder mixed with water and a pH adjusting agent and mixing the same to prepare artificial reefs. Formation of aquasols → condensation → gel formation → crystallization The strong binding force is exerted, which makes it easy to manufacture artificial reefs that express a certain strength or more after curing. In addition, the problems caused by the use of cement can be solved, and by using a binder composed only of inorganic material, there is no discharge of pollutants, thereby easily achieving the effect of not causing environmental pollution.

Artificial reefs, nonmetallic inorganic solid materials, inorganic binders

Description

Artificial reef and its manufacturing method

The present invention relates to an artificial reef and a method for manufacturing the same, more specifically, from the group consisting of sand, gravel, stone powder, loess, clay, silica sand, zeolite, alumina, tourmaline, calcite, pearlite, illite, silica and the like. C 5-72.7%, O 20-86.7%, Mg 1-67.7%, Al 1-67.7%, Si 3-69.7%, S 0.5-67.2%, Cl 0.5, relative to the weight of at least one nonmetallic inorganic solid material selected. 10 to 90% by weight of mineral powder and alkali metal chloride having an elemental composition ratio of 67.2%, Ca 2-68.7%, Ti 0.1-66.8%, Mn 0.05-66.75%, Fe 0.05-66.75% and In 0.1-66.8% 1 wt% of the total clustered water used to prepare a liquid binder in a solution in which at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metal chlorides is eluted into the clustered water and eluted the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. The following By adding 20-100% by weight of a binder composed of 10 to 90% by weight of a liquid binder containing water containing a rare earth element and a pH adjusting agent, and mixing the same to prepare artificial reef, dissolusion) → aquasol formation → formation of aquasols → condensation → gel formation → crystallization. Not only can it be manufactured, but the problem caused by the use of cement can be solved, and by using a binder composed only of inorganic materials, there is no discharge of contaminants, and thus, the artificial reef and the manufacturing method thereof can be easily achieved. It is about.

In general, artificial reefs are artificial structures that are installed on the coast or near the sea in order to secure marine resources for coastal fisheries, to provide spawning and habitat for marine life, and to provide shelter for fry. It has been transformed into a variety of forms, from dropping the ground structure to the sea to creating a habitat, to designing a cube, cylinder, and uneven structure to create the habitat more efficiently.

In addition, there is a variety of materials for making artificial reefs have been produced using concrete, waste tires, steel and the like. However, when the concrete is used, it is difficult to proliferate by attaching algae at the initial stage of dropping due to the characteristics of the concrete exhibiting strong alkalinity. Doing. Whitening phenomenon refers to a phenomenon that lobed algae, such as seaweed and kelp, that grow on the bedrock disappears due to environmental pollution, and the coral reefs grow and cover the bed in pink or white. The phenomenon has spread widely in our country's waters recently, causing serious problems of depletion of fisheries resources.

In addition, when the waste tires are used, a plurality of waste tires may be interconnected or used to make waste tires in powder form and mixed in a concrete composition, but this may be recycled because seaweed does not easily grow on tires. Many aspects of the artificial reefs are only insufficient in order to achieve the basic purpose of the artificial reefs, and the use of the steel material has the advantage of making the artificial reefs easy and making a complicated structure, but relatively long life due to breakage due to corrosion, etc. Short and oxidized sites have the disadvantage that the adherent organisms are difficult to grow.

As such, conventionally used materials of artificial reefs had inadequate factors for marine life. Looking at the natural seas rich in marine life, it can be seen that various types of coral reefs are formed, and that marine life is reproduced or inhabited through the space provided by coral reefs or the spaces formed with corals. Therefore, the ultimate structure to which the artificial reefs are directed may also be a structure close to the natural marine structure, but due to the above factors, there is a limit to approaching such a structure only by the material of the conventional artificial reefs. In order to solve this problem, the development of new materials to be used as artificial reefs has been actively made.

For example, Korean Patent No. 85-2938 discloses fine powders of ferrous sulfate or ferric sulfate in a concrete penetrating agent made of a surfactant to provide iron oxides that are good for seaweed or shellfish on the surface of concrete. A method is disclosed in which a solvent in which iron oxide fine powder and sulfuric acid of 1 micron or less is mixed in a mixed solvent or concrete penetrating agent is applied to a surface of a concrete block, and a penetrating layer is formed on the surface of the concrete block. However, such a method cannot provide iron oxide powder to the extent that it is useful to marine life, and after time, the thickness of the permeation layer becomes thin and the effect is lost.

In addition, in Patent No. 105954, in order to improve the corrosion resistance and biological adhesion of artificial reefs, 30 to 65% by weight of slag made from powder by crushing by-product waste derived from blast furnace or converter operation and 10 to 30% by weight of cement as a binder. % And a composition made by adding 25-50% by weight of water to a mixture made by adding one or two or more selected from grains consisting of wheat, rice, barley, soybeans, starch and corn flour. A method of applying a coating is disclosed, and in No. 122032, a composition containing 1 to 65% by weight of iron oxide, 1 to 65% by weight of slag, 10 to 30% by weight of cement and 25 to 50% by weight of water is coated on the surface of the grass. The method of apply | coating about 3 mm is disclosed. However, although the methods described in Nos. 105954 and 122032 have superior sustaining effects as compared to the methods described in Nos. 85-29385, artificial reefs made by such methods do not have strong adhesion between the artificial reef body and the surface coating agent. There was a problem in that the surface coating agent is easily destroyed or separated in the process of transporting the manufactured artificial reef and the sea administration.

In addition, Korean Patent Publication No. 96-33248 discloses a method for manufacturing artificial reefs by extrusion molding a mixture of powdery sludge and powdered waste resin (PE, PP, PVC, and PS) in a 2: 1 ratio. Is starting. However, since these artificial reefs use waste resins, it is necessary to completely remove the contaminants in the waste resins, and various toxic substances (plasticizers, stabilizers, etc.) and pyrolysis products contained in the resin during extrusion may be treated with algae and There was a problem that disturbed the habitat of fish and shellfish.

However, since most conventional artificial reefs use cement as a caking agent, the problem of environmental pollution due to the use of cement cannot be solved.

In other words, to produce cement, coal or petroleum is required. The coal and petroleum resources consumed generate enormous CO ₂ gas during the combustion process, and the limestone used as the raw material of cement is composed of CaCO ₃ . Since it is the main raw material for generating CO ₂ gas, the use of cement itself causes a problem of environmental pollution.

In addition, it is confirmed that the whitening of cement causes environmental pollution, and skin problems such as atopy occur.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is not only to use cement, but also because of the strong bonding force can be produced not only can be prepared ingots that meet the conditions above a certain strength, but also by using a binder made only of inorganic material, there is no discharge of pollutants environmental pollution It is to provide an artificial reef that does not cause harm, and does not harm the human body.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for easily manufacturing artificial reefs of the above object.

In order to achieve the above objects as well as other objects that can be easily expressed in the present invention is composed of sand, gravel, stone powder, loess, clay, silica sand, zeolite, alumina, tourmaline, calcite, pearlite, illite, silica and the like C 5-72.7%, O 20-86.7%, Mg 1-67.7%, Al 1-67.7%, Si 3-69.7%, S 0.5-67.2%, based on the weight of at least one nonmetallic inorganic solid material selected from the group 10 to 90% by weight of mineral powder and alkali metal having an element composition ratio of 0.5 to 67.2% of Cl, Ca 2 to 68.7%, Ti 0.1 to 66.8%, Mn 0.05 to 66.75%, Fe 0.05 to 66.75%, and In 0.1 to 66.8% Weight of the total clustered water used to prepare a liquid binder in a solution in which an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal is eluted by adding at least one compound selected from the group consisting of chlorides and alkaline earth metal chlorides into clustered water. Non-metallic inorganic solid material by adding 20-100% by weight of a binder composed of 10 to 90% by weight of a liquid binder in which water containing a rare earth element and 1% or less of a rare earth element and a pH adjusting agent are mixed. Inorganic dissolution of a binder (formation of aquasols) → condensation (condensation) → gel formation → crystallization Not only can easily prepare artificial reefs to solve the problems caused by the use of cement, by using a binder made only of inorganic materials can be obtained artificial reefs that do not cause pollution due to no discharge of pollutants.

The present invention not only can easily manufacture artificial reefs exhibiting a certain strength or more after curing, but also can solve the problems caused by the use of cement. It is possible to obtain artificial reefs that do not cause environmental pollution.

The artificial reef according to the present invention is characterized by weight of at least one nonmetallic inorganic solid material selected from the group consisting of sand, gravel, stone powder, loess, clay, silica sand, zeolite, alumina, tourmaline, calcite, pearlite, elite, silica and the like. C 5 to 72.7%, O 20 to 86.7%, Mg 1 to 67.7%, Al 1 to 67.7%, Si 3 to 69.7%, S 0.5 to 67.2%, Cl 0.5 to 67.2%, Ca 2 to 68.7%, Ti At least 1 selected from the group consisting of 10 to 90% by weight of mineral powder having an elemental composition ratio of 0.1 to 66.8%, Mn 0.05 to 66.75%, Fe 0.05 to 66.75%, and In 0.1 to 66.8%, and an alkali metal chloride and an alkaline earth metal chloride Water and pH adjusting agent containing less than 1% by weight of rare earth elements based on the weight of the total clustered water used to prepare a liquid binder in a solution in which at least one compound is added to the clustered water to elute an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. Mix Characterized those made by the addition of binder, 20 to 100% by weight consisting of the binder 10 to 90% by weight of the liquid and mixed.

In addition, the artificial reef manufacturing method according to the present invention is at least one non-metallic inorganic material selected from the group consisting of sand, gravel, stone powder, loess, clay, silica sand, zeolite, alumina, tourmaline, calcite, pearlite, elite, silica, etc. C 5 to 72.7%, O 20 to 86.7%, Mg 1 to 67.7%, Al 1 to 67.7%, Si 3 to 69.7%, S 0.5 to 67.2%, Cl 0.5 to the weight of the solid material and the nonmetallic inorganic solid material. 10-90% by weight of mineral powder with elemental composition ratios of 67.2%, Ca 2-68.7%, Ti 0.1-66.8%, Mn 0.05-66.75%, Fe 0.05-66.75% and In 0.1-66.8% and alkali metal chlorides and alkalis At least one compound selected from the group consisting of earth metal chlorides is added to the clustered water to elute an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal in a solution of 1% by weight relative to the weight of the total clustered water used to prepare the liquid binder. Step of preparing a binder consisting of the rare-earth elements with water and a pH control agent containing as a binder 10 to 90% by weight of a liquid mixture; Mixing the nonmetallic inorganic solid material and a binder; Injecting a mixture of the nonmetallic inorganic solid material and the binder into a mold and applying pressure to form the mixture; It is characterized by consisting of a step of natural curing after demolding.

In addition, after the molding step in the artificial reef production method, the primary molded product is immersed in a slurry in which a known blowing agent is mixed in a mixture of a nonmetallic inorganic solid material and a binder to foam the mixture of the nonmetallic inorganic solid material and a binder on the surface of the primary molded product. This adhesion may be added to facilitate the growth of algae or fish and shellfish.

In the binder used in the present invention, the mineral powder is C 5-72.7%, O 20-86.7%, Mg 1-67.7%, Al 1-67.7%, Si 3-69.7%, S 0.5-67.2%, Cl 0.5-67.2 Those having an element composition ratio of%, Ca 2-68.7%, Ti 0.1-66.8%, Mn 0.05-66.75%, Fe 0.05-66.75% and In 0.1-66.8% are used.

It is preferable to use a mineral powder that does not contain heavy metals that harms the human body, and may contain trace elements in addition to the above components, and some of the above components do not contain or are substituted with other components. Also available. In addition, the elemental composition ratio of the mineral powder is not particularly limited, but C, O, Mg, Al, Si, S, Cl, and Ca must be included, and although the function of each element is not clearly identified, the above elements When each of these is not contained, the effect by this invention cannot be acquired.

The mineral powder is effective to use a particle having a particle size of 200 ~ 325 mesh (mesh), when the particle size is less than 200 mesh, there is a problem that the strength after curing of the artificial reef manufactured to be unsatisfactory, and exceeds 325 mesh In this case, the manufacturing cost is increased and it is not economical.

Meanwhile, alkali metal chlorides and alkaline earth metal chlorides refer to chlorides of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Na, K, and Mg, and at least one of them should be used and clustered. The mineral particles form a colloidal solution by the purified water, and the formed colloidal solution combines with the minerals of the mineral powder to exhibit a function as a binder.

Normally, water is composed of 35 water molecules connected to form a very large cluster. When sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and chlorine gas are dissolved in water, they are not only entangled between clusters of water molecules but also entangled. As it is dissolved in water, sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, carbonic acid, and hydrochloric acid are acidified, and toxic heavy metals such as mercury, lead, cadmium, and aluminum are entangled in clusters. Such a large water cluster containing gas streams or toxic metals to acidify the water not only has a harmful effect on the human body, but also causes a decrease in the binding force in the present invention, thereby preventing the effect to be obtained in the present invention.

Therefore, in the present invention, the clusters of water molecules are subdivided into 5-6 molecules through far-infrared radiation, magnetization, ultrasonication, etc. in the range of 4-14 μm to blow toxic gases entangled between the clusters of water molecules into the air. Heavy metals are precipitated using clustered water with supernatant only.

The clustered water can be prepared by a variety of known methods, it is preferable to use a stabilized by a known stabilization method, there is a problem that the binding force of the binder is lowered when using the non-clustered water in the present invention.

At least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal chlorides and alkaline earth metal chlorides is added to the clustered water for dissolution. At this time, the amount of the at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal chlorides and alkaline earth metal chlorides is effective to use the amount of 1 to 60% by weight based on the weight of the clustered water, alkali metal chloride and alkaline earth metal When at least one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of chlorides are used in less than 1% by weight, there is a disadvantage in that the binding strength with mineral components derived from the mineral powder is lowered. Weak

A liquid binder is prepared in which water containing a small amount of rare earth elements and a pH adjusting agent are mixed in a solution in which an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal chloride is dissolved in clustered water.

Rare earth elements include lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, turlium, yttbium, ruthenium, scandium, yttrium, etc. Also available. Water containing a small amount of rare earth elements functions as an adjuvant of alkali metals and / or alkaline earth metal chlorides, and at the same time, functions to easily combine minerals and colloidal solutions by sterilization and bacteriostatic action. The content of the rare earth element is effective to use less than 1% by weight based on the total weight of the clustered water, and even in the water containing the rare earth element, water is used as the clustered water.

On the other hand, by using a pH adjuster in the liquid binder to be prepared to make the pH of the product produced is slightly alkaline, the amount of the pH adjuster can be appropriately adjusted according to the required pH.

The liquid binder and the mineral powder prepared as described above are mixed in amounts of 10 to 90% by weight, respectively, to prepare a binder. If the liquid binder is less than 10% by weight or the mineral powder is more than 90% by weight, there is a disadvantage in that it takes a long time to cure. If the liquid binder is more than 90% by weight or the mineral powder is less than 10% by weight, the artificial fish There is a problem that the strength after the curing of the candle is not satisfactory.

When the liquid binder and the mineral powder are mixed, the condensation and hardening occur rapidly, so it is preferable to mix immediately before use.

The nonmetallic inorganic solid material used in the present invention may be sand, gravel, stone powder, loess, clay, silica sand, zeolite, alumina, tourmaline, calcite, pearlite, illite, or silica, and used in the manufacture of conventional artificial reefs. Of the materials to be used, all materials other than cement can be used. In addition, it is preferable to use the nonmetallic inorganic solid material of 25 mm or less based on the specification of an artificial reef.

In the present invention, the binder is preferably added 20 to 100% by weight based on the weight of the non-metallic inorganic solid material, when the amount of the binder is less than 20% by weight, there is a problem that the binding force of the artificial reefs is not satisfactory, more than 100% by weight There is a disadvantage in that workability is reduced.

In the artificial reef preparation method of the present invention, the mixing of the nonmetallic inorganic solid material and the binder may be blended according to the above-described composition ratio in a dry, semi-dry and wet manner, and the composition ratio may be adjusted according to the moisture content of the nonmetallic inorganic solid material.

Injecting a mixture of the nonmetallic inorganic solid material and the binder into a mold; After the vibration is applied to the mold, the step of secondary injection of a mixture of a non-metallic inorganic solid material and a binder and then press molding is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of uniformly forming artificial reefs, the present invention The method commonly used in the art may be selected and applied.

When molding to artificial reefs is completed, demolding and natural curing are performed. Preferably curing at a temperature of 25 ~ 80 ℃, but curing at room temperature can be adjusted depending on the curing period depending on the temperature.

In addition, after the molding step in the artificial reef production method, the primary molded product is immersed in a slurry in which a known blowing agent is mixed in a mixture of a nonmetallic inorganic solid material and a binder to foam the mixture of the nonmetallic inorganic solid material and a binder on the surface of the primary molded product. By adhering this, a large number of grooves are generated on the surface due to the foaming of the foaming agent, and an irregular surface rather than a flat surface may be formed, thereby facilitating the growth of algae or shellfish.

The blowing agent may be used all known blowing agents used in the production of foam concrete.

The mechanism of action related to shaping into artificial reefs according to the present invention is not clear, but the inorganic material of the nonmetallic inorganic solid material and the mineral powder is strongly combined with the clustered water, so that the high strength, in particular, the compressive strength of the standard of artificial reefs is 210 kg. In addition to exhibiting / cm 3 or more, it is possible to manufacture artificial reefs using only minerals without the use of cement used in conventional cement-based artificial reefs.

In other words, strong binding force is exerted by dissolving → formation of aquasols → condensation → gel formation → crystallization in water in which the inorganic material is clottered, thereby providing excellent strength. It can be obtained, can solve the problems caused by the use of the organic binder and the synthetic resin material, and by using a binder consisting only of inorganic material can be easily achieved the effect of not causing pollution due to no discharge of pollutants.

In addition, after the specimen was prepared in the size of 10 × 10 × 10 cm by the method of the present invention, and the specimen was prepared in the size of 10 × 10 × 10 cm using a known cement mortar, each aquarium and five goldfish As a result of feeding each fish to the aquarium with three flounders, the specimen prepared by the method of the present invention survived all the goldfish and flounder even after one month, but in the case of the specimen made of cement mortar, the goldfish after two days It was confirmed that all died, and the flatfish also died after 5 days, artificial reefs according to the present invention is considered to be harmful.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the curing mechanism of artificial reefs according to the present invention.

Claims

C 5-72.7% by weight of at least one nonmetallic inorganic solid material selected from the group consisting of sand, gravel, stone powder, loess, clay, silica sand, zeolite, alumina, tourmaline, calcite, pearlite, elite, silica, etc. 20 to 86.7%, Mg 1 to 67.7%, Al 1 to 67.7%, Si 3 to 69.7%, S 0.5 to 67.2%, Cl 0.5 to 67.2%, Ca 2 to 68.7%, Ti 0.1 to 66.8%, Mn 0.05 Clustered at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 10 to 90% by weight of mineral powder having an elemental composition ratio of from 66.75%, Fe 0.05 to 66.75%, and In 0.1 to 66.8% and an alkali metal chloride and an alkaline earth metal chloride A liquid binder in which water containing a rare earth element of 1% by weight or less is added to a solution in which an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal is eluted into water and used to prepare a liquid binder. To 90 times Adding a binder consisting of 20 to 100% by weight% and Artificial Reef of the said prepared as a mixture.

About the weight of the at least one nonmetallic inorganic solid material and the nonmetallic inorganic solid material selected from the group consisting of sand, gravel, stone powder, loess, clay, silica sand, zeolite, alumina, tourmaline, calcite, pearlite, elite and silica C 5-72.7%, O 20-86.7%, Mg 1-67.7%, Al 1-67.7%, Si 3-69.7%, S 0.5-67.2%, Cl 0.5-67.2%, Ca 2 68.7%, Ti 0.1 At least one selected from the group consisting of 10 to 90% by weight of mineral powder having an elemental composition ratio of 6 to 66.8%, Mn 0.05 to 66.75%, Fe 0.05 to 66.75%, and In 0.1 to 66.8%, and alkali metal chlorides and alkaline earth metal chlorides Water and pH adjuster containing 1% by weight or less of rare earth elements based on the weight of the total clustered water used for preparing a liquid binder in a solution in which the above compound is added to the clustered water and the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal is eluted. Preparing a binder consisting of a binding agent 10 to 90% by weight of the mixed liquid; Mixing the nonmetallic inorganic solid material and a binder; Injecting a mixture of the nonmetallic inorganic solid material and the binder into a mold and applying pressure to form the mixture; A method for producing artificial reefs, characterized in that consisting of the step of curing and natural curing after demolding.

The method of claim 2, wherein after the forming step, the primary molded product is immersed in a slurry in which a known blowing agent is mixed in the mixture of the nonmetallic inorganic solid material and the binder so that the foamed mixture of the nonmetallic inorganic solid material and the binder is foamed on the surface of the primary molded product. Artificial reef manufacturing method characterized in that it adds a step.