KR102497638B1 - Composite of artificial fish-shelter and fish-shelter using the same - Google Patents
Composite of artificial fish-shelter and fish-shelter using the same Download PDFInfo
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- KR102497638B1 KR102497638B1 KR1020210189580A KR20210189580A KR102497638B1 KR 102497638 B1 KR102497638 B1 KR 102497638B1 KR 1020210189580 A KR1020210189580 A KR 1020210189580A KR 20210189580 A KR20210189580 A KR 20210189580A KR 102497638 B1 KR102497638 B1 KR 102497638B1
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
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- parts
- sericite
- artificial
- artificial reef
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
- A01K61/77—Artificial fishing banks or reefs of monolithic form, e.g. blocks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/26—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
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- C04B14/041—Aluminium silicates other than clay
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/06—Quartz; Sand
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/20—Mica; Vermiculite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
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- C04B18/10—Burned or pyrolised refuse
- C04B18/101—Burned rice husks or other burned vegetable material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/16—Waste materials; Refuse from building or ceramic industry
- C04B18/165—Ceramic waste
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/0076—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials characterised by the grain distribution
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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Abstract
Description
본 발명 친환경 생태기능을 갖는 견운모를 이용한 인공어초 조성물과 이를 이용하는 인공어초 제조방법은 견운모를 사용하여 원적외선과 음이온이 다량 방출되며 시멘트의 독성을 차단하여 수중중생물의 생리활동이 촉진되고 수중의 각종 오염물질을 효과적으로 분해하며 수질을 정화시켜 환경친화적이며 쾌적한 수중환경을 조성할 수 있는 친환경 생태기능을 갖는 견운모를 이용한 인공어초 조성물 및 이를 이용해 제조된 인공어초에 관한 것이다.The artificial fish reef composition using sericite having eco-friendly ecological functions of the present invention and the artificial fish reef manufacturing method using the same emit far-infrared rays and negative ions in large quantities using sericite, block the toxicity of cement, promote physiological activities of aquatic organisms, and promote various types of underwater organisms. The present invention relates to an artificial fish reef composition using sericite having an eco-friendly ecological function capable of effectively decomposing pollutants and purifying water quality to create an environmentally friendly and pleasant aquatic environment, and an artificial fish reef manufactured using the same.
일반적으로, 인공어초라 함은 연안어장의 수산자원 확보를 목적으로 해양생물의 산란 및 서식공간을 조성하고 치어의 은신처를 제공하기 위하여 연안이나 근해에 설치하는 인공적인 구조물로서, 최초 폐선박을 침몰시키거나 지상 구조물을 바다에 투하하여 서식공간을 조성한 것에서부터 서식공간을 보다 효율적으로 조성하기 위하여 육면체형, 원통형, 요철형 구조물로 설계한 것에 이르기까지 다양한 형태로 변모되어 왔다.In general, an artificial fish reef is an artificial structure installed on the coast or in the near sea to create a spawning and habitat space for marine organisms and to provide shelter for young fish for the purpose of securing fishery resources in coastal fishing grounds. It has been transformed into various forms, ranging from the creation of habitat spaces by dropping land structures into the sea to those designed as hexahedral, cylindrical, and concave-convex structures to create habitat spaces more efficiently.
또한, 인공어초를 만드는 재료는 다양하여 콘크리트, 폐타이어, 강재 등을 사용한 어초가 생산되고 있다.In addition, materials for making artificial reefs are diverse, and reefs using concrete, waste tires, steel, and the like are being produced.
그러나, 상기 콘크리트를 사용하는 경우에는 강알칼리성을 나타내는 콘크리트의 특성상 투하 초기에 해조류 등이 부착하여 증식하기가 어렵고, 일단 착생된 해조류가 떨어져 나간 자리에는 백화현상이 일어나 오히려 바다를 황폐화시키는 요인으로 작용하고 있다. 백화현상이라 함은 해저 암반에 번식하고 있는 미역, 다시마와 같은 엽상형 해조류가 해저 환경오염 등으로 인해 사라지고, 그 자리에 무절산호조류가 번식하여 암반을 분홍색 또는 백색으로 뒤덮는 현상을 말하며, 이 백화현상은 최근 우리나라의 근해에서도 넓게 퍼져서 수산자원 고갈의 심각한 문제를 발생시키고 있다.However, in the case of using the above concrete, it is difficult for seaweed to attach and proliferate in the early stage of pouring due to the characteristics of concrete showing strong alkalinity, and once the attached seaweed is detached, a whitening phenomenon occurs and rather acts as a factor that ruins the sea. are doing Bleaching refers to a phenomenon in which leaf-shaped seaweeds such as seaweed and kelp, which are breeding on seabed bedrock, disappear due to environmental pollution on the seabed, and in their place, angiosperms grow and cover the bedrock in pink or white color. The phenomenon has recently spread widely in the coastal waters of Korea, causing a serious problem of depletion of fishery resources.
상기 폐타이어를 사용하는 경우에는 복수개의 폐타이어를 상호 연결하여 구성하거나 폐타이어를 분말상으로 만들어 콘크리트 조성물에 혼합하여 사용하는것 등이 있지만 이는 해조류 등이 타이어에 쉽게 착생하지 못하므로 재활용의 측면만을 고려한 것일 뿐 인공어초의 근본적인 목적을 달성하기에는 미흡한 점이 많다.In the case of using the waste tires, a plurality of waste tires are connected to each other, or the waste tires are made into powder and mixed with a concrete composition for use. However, there are many shortcomings in achieving the fundamental purpose of artificial reefs.
상기 강재를 사용하는 경우에는 인공어초의 제작이 용이하고 복잡한 구조를 만들 수 있다는 장점은 있으나, 부식 등에 의한 파단으로 인해 상대적으로 수명이 짧고 부식으로 산화된 자리에는 부착생물이 착생하기 어렵다는 단점이 있다.In the case of using the steel material, there is an advantage in that it is easy to manufacture an artificial reef and a complex structure can be made, but it has a relatively short lifespan due to fracture due to corrosion, etc., and it is difficult for attached organisms to grow in places oxidized by corrosion.
이와 같이, 종래에 인공어초의 재료로 사용되는 것들은 각각 해양생물이 서식하기에 부적합한 요인을 가지고 있었다. 해양생물이 풍부한 천연의 바닷속을 살펴보면, 다양한 형태의 산호초가 형성되어 있고, 산호초가 제공하는 공간이나 산호와 더불어 형성되는 공간을 통해 해양생물이 번식 또는 서식하고 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서, 인공어초가 지향하는 궁극적인 구조 또한 천연의 해양 구조에 근접한 구조일 것이나, 상기한 요인으로 인해 종래의 인공어초의 재료만으로는 이러한 구조에 접근하는데 다소 한계가 있었다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해, 인공어초로 사용될 새로운 재료의 개발이 활발히 이루어지고 있다.As such, those conventionally used as materials for artificial reefs had factors unsuitable for marine organisms to inhabit. Looking at the natural sea rich in marine life, it can be seen that various types of coral reefs are formed, and that marine life reproduces or lives through the space provided by the coral reef or the space formed together with the coral. Therefore, the ultimate structure that artificial reefs aim for will also be a structure close to the natural marine structure, but due to the above factors, there are some limitations in approaching such a structure with only the materials of conventional artificial reefs. In order to solve these problems, the development of new materials to be used as artificial reefs is being actively conducted.
대한민국 공개특허 제85-2938호를 보면, 콘크리트제 표면에 해조류나 어패류가 좋아하고 생육에 필요한 산화철분을 제공하기 위하여 계면활성제로 된 콘크리트 침투제에 황산 제1철 또는 황산 제2철의 미분을 혼입한 용제 또는 콘크리트 침투제에 1 마이크론 이하의 산화철 미분과 황산을 혼입한 용제를 콘크리트제 블록의 표면에 도포하고 이로인한 침투층을 콘트리트 블록의 표면에 형성하는 방법이 개시되어 있다. 그러나, 이러한 방법은 해양 생물에게 유용한 정도로 산화철분을 제공할 수 없고, 시간이 경과한 후에는 상기 침투층의 두께가 얇아져서 그 효과가 상실되는 문제점이 있었다. According to Korean Patent Publication No. 85-2938, fine powder of ferrous sulfate or ferric sulfate is incorporated into a concrete penetrant made of a surfactant to provide iron oxide that seaweed or fish and shellfish like and are necessary for growth on the surface of concrete. Disclosed is a method of applying a solvent or a concrete penetrating agent mixed with iron oxide powder of 1 micron or less and sulfuric acid to the surface of a concrete block and forming a penetration layer resulting therefrom on the surface of the concrete block. However, this method has a problem in that iron oxide cannot be provided to a useful degree to marine organisms, and the effect is lost because the thickness of the permeable layer becomes thinner after a lapse of time.
대한민국 등록특허 제105954호에는 인공어초의 내부식성과 생물 부착능력을 향상시키기 위하여, 고로 혹은 전로 조업시 파생되는 부생 폐기물을 파쇄하여 분말로 만든 슬래그 30∼65 중량％와 점결제로서 시멘트 10∼30 중량％ 및 밀, 쌀, 보리, 콩, 전분 및 옥수수 가루로 이루어진 곡분 중에서 선택된 1 또는 2종 이상을 첨가하여 만든 혼합물에 물 25∼50 중량％를 넣어 만든 조성물을 어초 표면에 0.2∼3.0㎜의 두께로 도포하는 방법이 개시되어 있고, 제122032호에는 산화철 1∼65 중량％, 슬래그 1∼65 중량％, 시멘트 10∼30중량％ 및 물 25∼50 중량％를 혼합한 조성물을 어초 표면에 0.2∼3㎜ 정도로 도포하는 방법이 개시되어 있다. 그러나, 상기 제105954호와 122032호에 기재된 방법은 상기 제85-29385호에 기재된 방법에 비해 지속 효과는 우수하지만, 그러한 방법들로 만들어진 인공어초는 인공어초 본체와 표면 도포제의 접착력이 강하지 못하여, 제조된 인공어초를 운반하는 과정 및 바다에 투여하는 과정에서 상기 표면 도포제가 쉽게 파괴되거나 분리되는 문제점을 안고 있었다. Korean Patent Registration No. 105954 discloses 30 to 65 wt% of slag and 10 to 30 wt% cement as a binder in order to improve the corrosion resistance and bioattachment ability of artificial reefs by crushing by-product waste derived from blast furnace or converter operation. % and a composition made by adding 25 to 50% by weight of water to a mixture made by adding one or two or more selected from grain flour consisting of wheat, rice, barley, soybean, starch, and corn flour to a thickness of 0.2 to 3.0 mm on the surface of a reef. 122032 discloses a composition obtained by mixing 1 to 65% by weight of iron oxide, 1 to 65% by weight of slag, 10 to 30% by weight of cement, and 25 to 50% by weight of water on the surface of a reef. A method of applying to about 3 mm is disclosed. However, although the methods described in Nos. 105954 and 122032 are superior to the method described in No. 85-29385, the artificial reefs made by these methods do not have strong adhesive strength between the artificial reef body and the surface coating agent, In the process of transporting the manufactured artificial reef and administering it to the sea, the surface coating agent had a problem in that it was easily destroyed or separated.
대한민국 공개특허 제96-33248호에는 철강산업 폐기물인 분말상의 슬러지와 분말상의 폐수지(PE, PP, PVC, PS)를 2:1로 혼합한 조성물을 압출성형하여 인공어초를 제조하는 방법을 개시하고 있다. 그러나, 이러한 인공어초는 폐수지를 사용하고 있으므로, 폐수지 내에 묻어있는 오염물을 완전히 제거하야하고 압출성형과정에서 수지 내에 포함되어 있는 각종 독성물질(가소제, 안정화제 등)과 열분해 생성물이 오히려 해조류 및 어패류 등의 서식을 방해하는 문제점이 있었다.Korean Patent Publication No. 96-33248 discloses a method for manufacturing an artificial fish reef by extruding a composition in which powdery sludge, which is waste from the steel industry, and powdery waste resin (PE, PP, PVC, PS) are mixed in a ratio of 2:1. are doing However, since these artificial fish reefs use waste resin, contaminants buried in the waste resin must be completely removed, and various toxic substances (plasticizers, stabilizers, etc.) and thermal decomposition products contained in the resin during the extrusion molding process are rather harmful to seaweed and fish. There was a problem that interfered with the formatting of the etc.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여, 원적외선과 음이온이 다량 방출되는 견운모를 사용하여 시멘트의 독성을 차단하여 수중중생물의 생리활동이 촉진되고 수중의 각종 오염물질을 효과적으로 분해하며 수질을 정화시켜 환경친화적이며 쾌적한 수중환경을 조성할 수 있는 친환경 생태기능을 갖는 견운모를 이용한 인공어초 조성물과 이를 이용하는 인공어초 제조방법 및 인공어초를 제공하는데 목적이 있다.In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses sericite, which emits a large amount of far-infrared rays and negative ions, to block the toxicity of cement, promote physiological activities of aquatic organisms, effectively decompose various pollutants in water, and purify water quality. It is an object of the present invention to provide an artificial reef composition using sericite having an eco-friendly ecological function capable of creating an environmentally friendly and pleasant aquatic environment, a method for manufacturing an artificial reef using the same, and an artificial reef.
본 발명의 친환경 생태기능을 갖는 견운모를 이용한 인공어초 조성물은 견운모 10~15중량부, 숯가루 0.1~1중량부, 폐유리 5~10중량부, 폐도자기 5~10중량부, 포틀랜드시멘트 70~80중량부, 자갈 30~40중량부, 모래 30~40중량부, 경화제 5~10중량부로 조성되는 것을 특징으로 한다.The artificial reef composition using sericite having an eco-friendly ecological function of the present invention contains 10 to 15 parts by weight of sericite, 0.1 to 1 part by weight of charcoal powder, 5 to 10 parts by weight of waste glass, 5 to 10 parts by weight of waste ceramics, and 70 to 10 parts by weight of Portland cement. It is characterized in that it is composed of 80 parts by weight, 30 to 40 parts by weight of gravel, 30 to 40 parts by weight of sand, and 5 to 10 parts by weight of a curing agent.
본 발명은 견운모에서 방사되는 원적외선과 음이온에 의해 시멘트의 독성을 차단하여 해양의 수질오염을 방지하고 어패류의 생리활동을 촉진시켜 어패류의 증식에 이로운 영향을 미치며 해수의 살균작용 및 각종 오염물질의 분해작용과 중금속 및 유해물질의 흡착제거에 효과적이고 수질정화에 탁월하여 바다속의 생태환경을 환경친화적이며 쾌적하게 조성할 수 있고, 폐유리, 폐도자기를 재활용하여 사용하기 때문에 환경보호에 크게 도움을 줄 수 있는 효과가 있다.The present invention prevents marine water pollution by blocking the toxicity of cement by far-infrared rays and anions emitted from sericite, promotes the physiological activity of fish and shellfish, has a beneficial effect on the growth of fish and shellfish, sterilizes seawater and decomposes various pollutants. It is effective in adsorption and removal of heavy metals and harmful substances, and is excellent in water purification, making the ecological environment in the sea eco-friendly and pleasant. There are possible effects.
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 친환경 생태기능을 갖는 견운모를 이용한 인공어초의 사시도1 is a perspective view of an artificial fish reef using sericite having an eco-friendly ecological function according to the present invention
본 발명의 친환경 생태기능을 갖는 견운모를 이용한 인공어초 조성물은 견운모 10~15중량부, 숯가루 0.1~1중량부, 폐유리 5~10중량부, 폐도자기 5~10중량부, 포틀랜드시멘트 70~80중량부, 자갈 30~40중량부, 모래 30~40중량부, 경화제 5~10중량부로 조성되는 것을 특징으로 한다.The artificial reef composition using sericite having an eco-friendly ecological function of the present invention contains 10 to 15 parts by weight of sericite, 0.1 to 1 part by weight of charcoal powder, 5 to 10 parts by weight of waste glass, 5 to 10 parts by weight of waste ceramics, and 70 to 10 parts by weight of Portland cement. It is characterized in that it is composed of 80 parts by weight, 30 to 40 parts by weight of gravel, 30 to 40 parts by weight of sand, and 5 to 10 parts by weight of a curing agent.
이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
견운모는 미세한 입자로 된 백운모족의 광물이며, 건조물의 표면이 견사와 같은 광택을 내므로 견운모라 불린다. 일반적으로 운모광물의 미세광물의 총칭으로 인식되기도 하지만 실제적으로 입도가 매우 작은 백색운모를 말한다.Sericite is a mineral of the muscovite group with fine particles, and it is called sericite because the surface of the dried product gives a silky luster. In general, it is recognized as a generic term for microscopic minerals of mica minerals, but actually refers to white mica having a very small particle size.
견운모는 단사정계(單斜晶系)의 층상구조를 하고 있는 운모류 광물의 하나로, 주요성분은 SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3,CaO, MgO 등이며, 이 중에서도 SiO2, Al2O3는 생산지역에 따라 65 내지 80% 정도를 함유하고 있다. 또한, 기본적인 결정구조는 2개의 사면체 층과 1개의 팔면체 층을 포함한 세 개의 층으로 이루어져 있는 구조이며, 층과 층사이에는 K+ 및 OH-, Fe 및 Mg가 존재한다. 견운모 층 사이에 존재하는 K+는 양이온 교환 능력을 가지고 있고, 사면체 위치의 Si4+를 Al3+이 치환을 하면 전기적으로 음전하를 띠기 때문에 여기에 양이온이 결합할 수 있다. 견운모의 화학적 조성의 특징은 백운모에 비해 SiO2의 비가 상대적으로 많고, 조성적 특징으로 백운모와 일라이트(미세운모광물의 총칭)의 중간적인 조성을 가진다.Sericite is one of the mica minerals that have a monoclinic layered structure, and its main components are SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, etc. Among them, SiO2 and Al2O3 account for 65 to 80% depending on the production area. contains an amount of In addition, the basic crystal structure is a structure consisting of three layers including two tetrahedral layers and one octahedral layer, and K+ and OH-, Fe and Mg exist between the layers. K+ present between the sericite layers has a cation exchange ability, and when Al3+ replaces Si4+ at the tetrahedral position, it is electrically negatively charged, so cations can bind to it. The characteristic of the chemical composition of sericite is that the ratio of SiO2 is relatively high compared to that of muscovite, and as a compositional characteristic, it has an intermediate composition between muscovite and illite (a generic term for fine mica minerals).
견운모는 알카리성 천연 점토광물로 생물 성장에 유익한 칼슘, 칼륨, 나트륨, 마그네슘을 다량 함유하고 원적외선과 음이온이 다량 방출됨에 따라 산성 중화, 영양분 공급, 중금속 및 유해물질 흡착제거, 탈취, 항균작용, 수질정화 등의 효과가 있어 인공어초가 수중의 환경친화적인 생태환경을 조성하는데 큰 역할을 하며 천연의 포졸란 물질로 인공어초의 장기강도 증진 및 내구성의 개선 효과에 탁월하다.Sericite is an alkaline natural clay mineral that contains large amounts of calcium, potassium, sodium, and magnesium that are beneficial to biological growth, and emits large amounts of far-infrared rays and anions to neutralize acidity, supply nutrients, adsorb and remove heavy metals and harmful substances, deodorize, act as an antibacterial, and purify water quality. etc., so artificial reefs play a major role in creating an underwater ecological environment, and as a natural pozzolan material, it is excellent in improving the long-term strength and durability of artificial reefs.
상기 견운모는 크락샤에 투입하여 20~50mm 크기로 파쇄한 암석과 2~5mm 크기로 분쇄한 분말형태로 준비하여 10~15중량부 함께 사용하도록 하며, 10중량부 미만으로 사용할 경우 성능개선이 저하되고 15중량부 이상으로 사용할 경우 가격 경쟁력과 초기 강도 발현이 저하될 수 있어 10~15중량부로 사용하도록 한다.The sericite is put into a cracker and prepared in the form of a rock crushed to a size of 20 to 50 mm and a powder crushed to a size of 2 to 5 mm to be used together with 10 to 15 parts by weight, and when used in less than 10 parts by weight, performance improvement is reduced. When used in an amount of 15 parts by weight or more, price competitiveness and initial strength expression may be deteriorated, so 10 to 15 parts by weight should be used.
상기 숯은 공기를 차단한 상태에서 목재를 가열시켜 생성된 것으로, 가열로 발생한 많은 세공을 통해 냄새의 근원을 없애고 악취를 흡착하며 음이온과 원적외선이 다량방사되어 중금속 및 유해물질 흡착제거, 미생물의 부착력이 향상되어 우수한 정화효과를 가져온다.The charcoal is produced by heating wood in a state in which air is blocked, and through many pores generated by heating, the source of odor is eliminated and odor is absorbed, and a large amount of negative ions and far-infrared rays are emitted to remove heavy metals and harmful substances, Adhesion of microorganisms This improves the purification effect.
상기 숯은 분쇄하여 가루로 0.1~1중량부 사용하도록 하며, 0.1중량부 미만으로 사용할 경우 숯의 효과를 얻기 어렵고 1중량부 이상으로 사용할 경우 인공어초의 강도가 낮아지는 문제가 있다.The charcoal is pulverized and used in an amount of 0.1 to 1 part by weight as powder. When used in an amount less than 0.1 part by weight, it is difficult to obtain the effect of charcoal, and when used in an amount of more than 1 part by weight, the strength of the artificial reef is lowered.
상기 폐유리는 각종 유리 제조업체 및 수거업체로부터 수거된 유리를 1~5mm의 크기로 Roll-mill을 이용하여 파ㆍ분쇄하여 사용한다. 특히 폐유리에는 금속조각이나, 종이, 플라스틱, 먼지 등이물질이 많이 섞여 있기 때문에 이물질을 완전히 제거한 후에 사용한다.The waste glass is used by breaking and pulverizing glass collected from various glass manufacturers and collectors to a size of 1 to 5 mm using a roll-mill. In particular, since waste glass contains a lot of foreign substances such as metal fragments, paper, plastic, and dust, it is used after completely removing foreign substances.
폐유리의 구성 성분 중에 SiO2, Al2O3, 특히 CaO(일반적으로 5% 이상 함유)이 다량으로 함유되어있기 때문에 강한 알칼리 및 고온환경에서 물과 일부 반응하여 먼저 시멘트와 같이 수화생성물인 C-S-H(규산화칼슘수화물 ; 3CaO2SiO23H2O)와 Ca(OH)2 등을 생성한다. 이 생성물질 중에서 C-S-H는 콘크리트의 초기강도 발현에 기여하고, Ca(OH)2는 강알칼리성을 콘크리트에 부여함으로써 포틀랜드시멘트의 중합반응을 더욱 활성화시키는 것으로 분석된다.Among the components of waste glass, SiO2, Al2O3, especially CaO (usually 5% or more) are contained in large amounts, so it partially reacts with water in a strong alkali and high temperature environment to form C-S-H (calcium silicate), a hydration product like cement. Hydrates; 3CaO2SiO23H2O) and Ca(OH)2 are produced. Among these products, C-S-H contributes to the development of the initial strength of concrete, and Ca(OH)2 is analyzed to further activate the polymerization reaction of Portland cement by imparting strong alkalinity to concrete.
상기 폐유리는 인공어초의 흡수성과 마모감량이 적으며 미끄럼 저항이 크고 우수한 강도와 내약품성을 부여하게 되는 것으로, 5중량부 미만으로 사용할 경우 폐유리의 효과를 얻기 어렵고 10중량부 이상으로 사용할 경우 인공어초의 성형성이 떨어지는 문제가 있어 5~10중량부로 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.The waste glass has low water absorption and abrasion loss of artificial fish reefs, has high slip resistance, and provides excellent strength and chemical resistance. It is preferable to use 5 to 10 parts by weight due to the problem of poor formability of candles.
상기 폐도자기는 도자기 생산업체나 수거업체로부터 수거된 도자기를 1~5mm의 크기로 Roll-mill을 이용하여 파ㆍ분쇄하여 사용한다. 상기 폐도자기는 SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, SO3, MgO를 함유하고 있는 것으로 폐유리와 같이 콘크리트의 초기강도 발현에 기여하고 포틀랜드시멘트의 중합반응을 활성화시킬 수 있게 한다.The waste ceramics are used by crushing and crushing ceramics collected from ceramic manufacturers or collectors to a size of 1 to 5 mm using a roll-mill. The waste ceramics contain SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , CaO, SO 3 , and MgO, and contribute to the development of initial strength of concrete like waste glass and activate the polymerization reaction of Portland cement.
상기 폐유리와 폐도자기는 폐기되는 유리와 도자기를 재활용하여 사용하기 때문에 환경보호에 크게 도움을 줄 수 있다.The waste glass and waste ceramics can greatly help in environmental protection because discarded glass and ceramics are recycled and used.
상기 포틀랜드시멘트는 KS에 규정된 것을 사용하는 것이 바람직하며 일반 시중에 유통되는 보통 포틀랜드 시멘트를 사용할 수 있다.It is preferable to use the Portland cement specified in KS, and ordinary Portland cement distributed on the market may be used.
상기 포틀랜드시멘트는 인공어초 조성물에 70~80중량부를 사용하는 것으로 70중량부 미만으로 사용할 경우 초기강도를 증진시키기 어렵고 80중량부 이상이면 경제성문제가 있어 70~80중량부로 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.The Portland cement is used in an amount of 70 to 80 parts by weight in the artificial reef composition, and when used in an amount less than 70 parts by weight, it is difficult to increase the initial strength, and if it is more than 80 parts by weight, there is an economic problem.
상기 경화제는 인공어초 조성물을 신속히 경화시키기 위한 것으로서, 이러한 목적을 위해 당업계에서 통상적으로 사용되는 경화제라면 어떠한 것을 사용하여도 무방하며, 그 사용량은 5~10중량부를 사용하는 것이 바람직하며, 사용량이 5중량부 미만일 경우 경화효과를 얻기 어렵고 10중량부 이상으로 사용할 경우 작업성이 저하되는 문제가 있다.The curing agent is for rapidly curing the artificial reef composition, and for this purpose, any curing agent commonly used in the art may be used, and it is preferable to use 5 to 10 parts by weight, the amount of which is When less than 5 parts by weight, it is difficult to obtain a curing effect, and when used in an amount of 10 parts by weight or more, workability deteriorates.
경화제로는 2-디에틸아미노에틸아민, N-부틸디에탄올아민, 2-디이소프로필아미노에틸아민, 3-디메틸아미노-1-프로필아민, 3-디에틸아미노프로필아민, 트리에탄올아민, 트리이소프로판올아민, 3-디부틸아미노프로필아민, 트리프로판올아민, 메틸아민, N,N-디메틸 에탄올아민, 사이클로헥실아민, 3-디메틸아미노프로, 헥사메틸렌 디이소시아네이트(HDI), 톨루엔 디이소시아네이트(TDI), 이소포론 디이소시아네이트(IPDI), 4,4' 메틸렌 비스(사이클로 헥실 이소시아네이트), 피마자유, 예를 들면 피마자유, 수소화피마자유 또는 이들로부터 선택된 적어도 하나 이상의 혼합물을 사용하는 것이 좋다.Curing agents include 2-diethylaminoethylamine, N-butyldiethanolamine, 2-diisopropylaminoethylamine, 3-dimethylamino-1-propylamine, 3-diethylaminopropylamine, triethanolamine, and triisopropanol. Amine, 3-dibutylaminopropylamine, tripropanolamine, methylamine, N,N-dimethyl ethanolamine, cyclohexylamine, 3-dimethylaminopro, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), It is preferable to use isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 4,4' methylene bis(cyclohexyl isocyanate), castor oil such as castor oil, hydrogenated castor oil or a mixture of at least one or more selected from these.
인공어초 조성물에는 도석과 맥반석이 추가적으로 사용될 수 있는 있으며, 상기 도석은 석영, 셀리사이트(운모 점토광물), 카올리나이트를 주구성 광물하고 도석 분쇄물은 가소성도 있으며 소성하면 비교적 저온에서 자기화하는 성질이 있다. 견운모가 많을수록 가소성(可塑性)이 증가하고, 건조 강도가 커진다. In the artificial fish reef composition, pottery stone and elvan can be additionally used, and the pottery stone is mainly composed of quartz, selicite (mica clay mineral), and kaolinite, and the pottery stone pulverized product also has plasticity and magnetization at relatively low temperatures when fired. there is. The more sericite there is, the greater the plasticity and the greater the dry strength.
상기 도석은 물의 영향을 그다지 받지 않으면서 투수성이 크고 마찰에 대하여 콘크리트의 강도가 유지되며 압축성이 크고 전단강도가 높은 성질을 갖게 해주는 역할을 한다.The pottery stone serves to have high water permeability, high strength of concrete against friction, high compressibility and high shear strength without being affected by water.
상기 맥반석은 무수규산과 산화알루미늄이 주성분이고, 인체 및 살아있는 세포에 꼭 필요한 산화제2철(Fe2O3)이 함유된 것이 특징이며, 다양 40여종의 미네랄 구성으로 생육에 필요한 영양분을 제공하고, 1㎤ 당 3만~15만여개의 많은 공극(다공질)이 있어 강력한 흡착작용, 미네랄 용출, 이온교환 작용, 원적외선을 방사하는 바이오 스톤으로 유해물질 및 중금속을 흡착 분해하며, 부패원인 제거, 수질정화 등의 효과를 얻을 수 있게 한다.The elvan stone is characterized by containing anhydrous silicic acid and aluminum oxide as the main components, and containing ferric oxide (Fe2O3), which is essential for the human body and living cells, and provides nutrients necessary for growth with a composition of about 40 kinds of various minerals, per 1 cm 3 With 30,000 to 150,000 pores (porous), it has strong adsorption, mineral elution, ion exchange, and emits far-infrared rays. It adsorbs and decomposes harmful substances and heavy metals, removes the cause of decay, and purifies water. enable you to get
상기 견운모 10~15중량부, 숯가루 0.1~1중량부, 폐유리 5~10중량부, 폐도자기 5~10중량부, 포틀랜드시멘트 30~40중량부, 자갈 30~40중량부, 모래 30~40중량부, 경화제 5~10중량부는 교반기에 투입하여 원료들을 고르게 혼합 후 교반기에 적정량의 물을 첨가하여 원료들이 점력을 갖게 일정시간 동안 균등하게 교반하여 슬러리화(모르타르)된 인공어초 조성물로 제조되고, 슬러리화된 인공어초 조성물은 인공어초 형틀에 투입 후 일정시간 양생하여 사각블록의 형태를 갖는 인공어초(10)로 제조된다.10 to 15 parts by weight of the sericite, 0.1 to 1 part by weight of charcoal powder, 5 to 10 parts by weight of waste glass, 5 to 10 parts by weight of waste ceramics, 30 to 40 parts by weight of Portland cement, 30 to 40 parts by weight of gravel, 30 to 40 parts by weight of sand 40 parts by weight and 5 to 10 parts by weight of the curing agent are put into a stirrer, the raw materials are evenly mixed, and then an appropriate amount of water is added to the stirrer to make the raw materials have viscosity. Then, the slurried artificial reef composition is put into an artificial reef mold and then cured for a certain period of time to produce an
이때, 상기 인공어초(10)는 해수의 유통이 원활하게 이루어지고 조류의 흐름에 영향을 받지 않도록 상,하,전,후 방향으로 관통된 십자홈(11)이 일정간격으로 복수개 형성되게 제조된다.At this time, the
[실시예 1][Example 1]
견운모를 크라샤에 투입 후 20~50mm 크기의 암석 및 2~5mm 크기의 분말로 파쇄 및 분쇄하여 준비한다.After putting sericite into a crusher, it is prepared by crushing and pulverizing into 20 to 50 mm size rocks and 2 to 5 mm size powder.
암석 및 분말 형태로 파쇄 및 분쇄된 견운모 15중량부, 숯가루 1중량부, 폐유리 10중량부, 폐도자기 10중량부, 포틀랜드시멘트 70중량부, 자갈 30중량부, 모래 30중량부, 경화제 5중량부를 교반기에 투입하여 원료들을 고르게 혼합 후 교반기에 적정량의 물을 첨가하여 원료들이 점력을 갖게 일정시간 동안 균등하게 교반하여 슬러리화(모르타르)된 인공어초 조성물을 제조한다.15 parts by weight of crushed and pulverized sericite in rock and powder form, 1 part by weight of charcoal powder, 10 parts by weight of waste glass, 10 parts by weight of waste ceramics, 70 parts by weight of Portland cement, 30 parts by weight of gravel, 30 parts by weight of sand, 5 hardeners A portion by weight is put into a stirrer, the raw materials are evenly mixed, and then an appropriate amount of water is added to the stirrer so that the raw materials have viscosity and are evenly stirred for a certain period of time to prepare a slurry (mortar) artificial reef composition.
그후, 상기 인공어초 조성물을 인공어초 형틀에 투입후 일정시간 양생하여 사각블록의 형태를 갖는 인공어초(10)를 제조한다.Thereafter, the artificial reef composition is put into an artificial reef mold and then cured for a certain period of time to manufacture an
이때, 상기 인공어초(10)는 해수의 유통이 원활하게 이루어지고 조류의 흐름에 영향을 받지 않도록 상,하,전,후 방향으로 관통된 십자홈(11)이 일정간격으로 복수개 형성되게 제조한다.At this time, the
[실시예 2][Example 2]
실시예 1과 동일한 인공어초 조성물에 도석 10중량부, 맥반석 10중량부를 더 혼합하고 동일방법으로 인공어초를 제조하였다.10 parts by weight of pottery stone and 10 parts by weight of elvan were further mixed with the same artificial reef composition as in Example 1, and an artificial reef was prepared in the same manner.
[실험예 1][Experimental Example 1]
상기와 같이 실시예 1에 의해 제조된 인공어초의 원적외선과 음이온 방사율을 하기 표 2에 나타내었다.The far-infrared ray and negative ion emissivities of the artificial reefs prepared in Example 1 as described above are shown in Table 2 below.
(5 ~ 20㎛)Far Infrared Emissivity
(5 ~ 20㎛)
Black Body 대비 측정 결과Using FT-IR Spectrometer
Black Body Contrast Measurement Result
상기 표 2에 나타난 바와 같이, 본 발명의 인공어초는 원적외선 방사와 음이온의 방출량이 높아 수중생물의 생리활동이 촉진되고 적조 및 녹조의 해소와 수중의 각종 오염물질을 효과적으로 분해하고 수질을 정화시켜 수중환경을 쾌적하게 조성할 수 있게 된다.As shown in Table 2, the artificial reef of the present invention has a high amount of far-infrared radiation and anion emission, so that physiological activities of aquatic organisms are promoted, red tide and green algae are eliminated, various pollutants in the water are effectively decomposed, and water quality is purified by purifying the water quality. You can create a pleasant environment.
이상과 같이, 본 명세서와 도면에는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대하여 게시하였으며 비록 특정 용어들이 사용되었으나, 이는 단지 본 발명의 기술 내용을 쉽게 설명하고 발명의 이해를 돕기 위한 일반적인 의미에서 사용된 것이지, 본 발명의 범위를 한정하고자 하는 것은 아니다. 여기에 게시된 실시예 외에도 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 바탕을 둔 다른 변형 예들이 실시 가능하다는 것은 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 자명한 것이다.As described above, preferred embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in the present specification and drawings, and although specific terms are used, they are only used in a general sense to easily explain the technical content of the present invention and help understanding of the present invention, It is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that other modified examples based on the technical spirit of the present invention can be implemented in addition to the embodiments disclosed herein.
10-인공어초 11-십자홈10-artificial reef 11-cross groove
Claims (5)
상기 경화제는 2-디에틸아미노에틸아민, N-부틸디에탄올아민, 2-디이소프로필아미노에틸아민, 3-디메틸아미노-1-프로필아민, 3-디에틸아미노프로필아민, 트리에탄올아민, 트리이소프로판올아민, 3-디부틸아미노프로필아민, 트리프로판올아민, 메틸아민, N,N-디메틸 에탄올아민, 사이클로헥실아민, 3-디메틸아미노프로, 헥사메틸렌 디이소시아네이트(HDI), 톨루엔 디이소시아네이트(TDI), 이소포론 디이소시아네이트(IPDI), 4,4' 메틸렌 비스(사이클로 헥실 이소시아네이트), 피마자유(피마자유, 수소화피마자유) 중 선택된 어느 하나 이상의 혼합물을 사용하는 것이고,
상기 견운모는 조크락샤에 투입하여 20~50mm 크기로 파쇄한 암석 및 2~5mm 크기로 분쇄한 분말형태를 함께 사용하여 슬러리화 되게 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 친환경 생태기능을 갖는 견운모를 이용한 인공어초 조성물. 10-15 parts by weight of sericite, 0.1-1 part by weight of charcoal powder, 5-10 parts by weight of waste glass, 5-10 parts by weight of waste ceramics, 30-40 parts by weight of Portland cement, 30-40 parts by weight of gravel, 30-40 parts by weight of sand In the artificial reef composition composed of parts by weight, 5 to 10 parts by weight of hardener, 5 to 10 parts by weight of pottery stone, and 5 to 10 parts by weight of elvan ,
The curing agent is 2-diethylaminoethylamine, N-butyldiethanolamine, 2-diisopropylaminoethylamine, 3-dimethylamino-1-propylamine, 3-diethylaminopropylamine, triethanolamine, triisopropanol Amine, 3-dibutylaminopropylamine, tripropanolamine, methylamine, N,N-dimethyl ethanolamine, cyclohexylamine, 3-dimethylaminopro, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), A mixture of at least one selected from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 4,4' methylene bis (cyclohexyl isocyanate), and castor oil (castor oil, hydrogenated castor oil) is used,
The sericite is an artificial fish reef composition using sericite having an eco-friendly ecological function, characterized in that it is made into a slurry by using a rock crushed to a size of 20 to 50 mm and a powder form crushed to a size of 2 to 5 mm by putting it into a jocraksha.
상기 견운모는 20~50mm 크기의 암석 및 2~5mm 크기의 분말을 함께 사용하여 10~15중량부, 숯가루 0.1~1중량부, 폐유리 5~10중량부, 폐도자기 5~10중량부, 포틀랜드시멘트 30~40중량부, 자갈 30~40중량부, 모래 30~40중량부, 경화제 5~10중량부, 도석 5~10중량부, 맥반석 5~10중량부는 교반기에 투입하여 원료들을 고르게 혼합 후,
교반기에 적정량의 물을 첨가하여 원료들이 점력을 갖게 일정시간 동안 균등하게 교반하여 슬러리화된 인공어초 조성물로 제조한 다음,
슬러리화된 인공어초 조성물을 인공어초 형틀에 투입 후 일정시간 양생하여 사각블록의 형태를 갖으며 조류의 흐름에 영향을 받지 않도록 상,하,전,후 방향으로 관통된 십자홈(11)이 일정간으로 복수개 형성되는 인공어초(10)로 제조하는 것을 특징으로 하는 인공어초 제조방법.In the method for producing an artificial reef using the artificial reef composition of claim 1,
The sericite is 10 to 15 parts by weight, 0.1 to 1 part by weight of charcoal powder, 5 to 10 parts by weight of waste glass, 5 to 10 parts by weight of waste ceramics, 30 to 40 parts by weight of Portland cement, 30 to 40 parts by weight of gravel, 30 to 40 parts by weight of sand, 5 to 10 parts by weight of hardener, 5 to 10 parts by weight of pottery stone, and 5 to 10 parts by weight of elvan are put into a stirrer to mix the raw materials evenly. after,
An appropriate amount of water is added to the stirrer, and the raw materials are evenly stirred for a certain time to have viscosity to prepare a slurry artificial reef composition,
The slurried artificial reef composition is put into an artificial reef mold and cured for a certain period of time to take the form of a square block . The cross grooves 11 penetrating in the up, down, front, and rear directions are constant so as not to be affected by the flow of algae. An artificial reef manufacturing method characterized in that it is manufactured with an artificial reef 10 formed of a plurality of livers.
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