KR20100125065A - The combustion method of waste catalyst and apparatus thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A combustion method of used catalyst and an apparatus thereof are provided to combust the used catalyst without flames, thereby obtaining safety. CONSTITUTION: An initial heat source is provided to used catalyst by an electric heater(20). Air or oxygen(10) containing moisture is provided to the used catalyst. Thermal decomposition of organic matters is performed at 300~1200°C in a thermal decomposition zone(31). Hydrogen gas is generated in oxidizing a metal catalyst component by the supply of the moisture. The organic matters or the moisture are evaporated by heat of the thermal decomposition zone in a drying zone(32).

Description

The combustion method of waste catalyst and apparatus

The present invention relates to a method for removing combustible substances such as oil from a ceramic support such as carbon or alumina to recover valuable metals from waste catalysts. It relates to a method of burning.

In general, spent catalysts from chemical processes contain the reactants used in the process, most of which are organics, and these organics interfere with the recovery of platinum group precious metals. These organics are washed with an organic solvent or the like as described in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0661533, and then burned and removed. However, the process of cleaning with an organic solvent or the like was complicated and expensive, and there was an unreasonable aspect such that an additional heat source was supplied during combustion, which was not very good.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to remove unnecessary processes such as washing with a solvent in a combustion method for regeneration of a waste catalyst, and to provide safety and no additional heat source. It is possible to recover and to provide a method of increasing the combustion efficiency.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for the combustion of spent catalyst.

An object of the present invention is achieved by the combustion method and apparatus for the waste catalyst, characterized in that the waste catalyst is supplied by the initial heat source to ignite and supply the air or oxygen containing less than 10% by weight of water to the flame-free combustion. .

The combustion method of the waste catalyst of the present invention can increase the combustion efficiency of about 30% compared to the conventional combustion method, and can be burned without a flame, providing a safe method, and combustion without supplying an additional heat source for combustion. By doing so, it is possible to reduce energy costs and recover a part of the heat of combustion through the heat recovery device.

In the present invention, to remove the organic matter contained in the waste catalyst by using a salt-free pyrolysis technology, about 30% of the organic matter is pyrolyzed and the remaining 70% is evaporated by the heat source during combustion and recovered as a liquid organic matter in the post-stage facility. After being used as a fuel, or completely burned through a combustor, the heat is recovered and used as a heat source for a conventional wet process.

       After pyrolysis and evaporation of organics, the temperature of the catalyst is increased again to change the waste catalyst 100% completely in the oxidation state or the reduction state through secondary pyrolysis.

       Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

     First, an initial heat source is supplied to the electric heater 20 or the like to be ignited, and air or oxygen 10 containing 10 wt% or less of moisture is supplied. The temperature of the pyrolysis zone 31 can be controlled by supplying air or oxygen.

In the pyrolysis zone 31, organic materials are pyrolyzed at a temperature of 300 to 1200 ° C.

Organic Compound + O ₂ + H ₂ O ---> CO ₂ + H ₂

     The key point of the present invention is that hydrogen gas is generated as the catalytic metal component is oxidized by supplying water, thereby increasing the pyrolysis efficiency by 30% or more.

The drying zone 32 evaporates organic matter or moisture due to the amount of heat generated in the pyrolysis zone 31.

     The wet zone 33 is always kept wet where the water or oil evaporated in the drying zone 32 prevents the scattering of valuable metal particles or dust such as platinum group. If necessary, spray water continuously to ensure that dust is never scattered.

In the alumina waste catalyst, the above pyrolysis zone is gradually raised upward, and in the carbon waste catalyst, the waste catalyst is continuously supplied to the fixed pyrolysis zone.

When the first pyrolysis is completed, the second pyrolysis is performed. In this case, the platinum group noble metal oxidized in the form of PtO + H _2- > Pt + H ₂ O should be reduced to the complete metal state. Or vice versa, Pt + O ₂ -> oxidation gives the state of PtO. The important thing is to completely change the phase.

Example 1-6 and Comparative Example 1-4: combustion test of carbon

Experimental method;

How to check the combustion time of carbon while changing the amount of water added while loading 10 kg of dry carbon which has been completely dehydrated in a 20 liter sized combustion reactor and supplying 5 liters / minute of dry air without moisture. It was performed by. Moisture was supplied using a metering pump. The results are published in Table 1 below.

TABLE 1

division Moisture Content (wt%) / Air Burning time (minutes) Remarks Comparative example  One 0 480 2% remaining combustion Example  One 0.1 460 2% remaining combustion Example  2 0.5 430 2% remaining combustion Example  3 One 400 2% remaining combustion Example  4 3 350 3% remaining combustion Example  5 6 330 4% remaining combustion Example  6 9 320 4.5% remaining combustion Comparative example  2 15 420 Disappears quickly when the last fire is weak (20% burn) Comparative example  3 20 510 Small amount of combustion only in the center of the combustor. Firepower gradually weakens (burning amount 50%) Comparative example  4 30 1200 Fire extinguishes gradually (90% remaining)

As can be seen from the results of Table 1, in Examples 1 to 6 containing 10% by weight or less of moisture than Comparative Example 1 without any moisture, combustion efficiency was improved while the combustion time was shortened. As the moisture content increased, the combustion time was shortened, but the combustion residual gradually increased and when the moisture exceeded 10% by weight (Comparative Example 2-4), the combustion residual amount increased rapidly, which was also inefficient. Thus, a suitable moisture content is 0.1 to 9% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 1% by weight.

It can be seen from the results of the above embodiment that the combustion efficiency can be increased by supplying water in the form of steam / water in an internal combustion engine such as a car using coal or petroleum as fuel or a combustion apparatus for pyrolysis. .

1 is a schematic view of a combustion apparatus of the present invention

* Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

10: Water and Air Mixing Supply

20: heat source supply device

30: combustion reactor

31: pyrolysis zone

32: drying zone

33: wet zone

Claims (5)

A combustion method for a waste catalyst, characterized by supplying an initial heat source to the waste catalyst to ignite it and supplying air or oxygen containing water at 10 wt% or less to flameless combustion. The method of claim 1, wherein the moisture content is 0.1 to 1% by weight of the combustion method of the spent catalyst. The combustion method of the spent catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the spent catalyst is a spent catalyst in which a valuable metal containing a platinum group precious metal is supported on a carbon or ceramic carrier. Initial heat source supply device; A mixed supply of water and air (or oxygen); And a combustor comprising a pyrolysis zone in which the spent catalyst is flamelessly burned, a drying zone in which organic matter and water are evaporated, and a wet zone in which scattering of catalyst particles is prevented.      A method of increasing combustion efficiency by supplying water in the form of steam / water in internal combustion engines such as automobiles using coal or petroleum as fuel and / or combustion apparatus for pyrolysis.

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