KR20100074087A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

A machine tool comprising a machine base frame, a worktable, a machining unit and a connection part. The machine base frame has a machining area space. The machine base frame includes a pair of right and left side frames and a connection frame connecting both the side frames with each other. The worktable is so provided on the machine base frame as to be positioned in the machining area space. The machining unit is provided on the upper part of the machine base frame and has a main shaft device. The connection part detachably mounts the machining unit to the machine base frame.

Description

Machine tool {MACHINE TOOL}

The present invention relates to a machine tool capable of facilitating a model change by replacing the base frame or the machine unit with another specification.

Conventionally, what was disclosed by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 61-86144 is proposed as a machining center. In the machining center, door-shaped pillars are installed on the bed to the left and right, and a spindle head (spindle apparatus) is mounted on the pillar so as to be movable in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. The spindle head has a spindle that can be mounted so that the tool can be detachably mounted. The table which supports a workpiece | work is provided in the upper surface of the said bed.

On the other hand, as a standing machine tool, what was disclosed by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 1-146631 is proposed. In the vertical machine tool, upright sidewalls are integrally formed at both left and right sides of the bed, and the saddles are provided in the X-axis direction (left-right direction) and Y-axis direction (front-rear direction) through a cross rail between the upper ends of both side walls. It is attached to the reciprocating motion. In addition, the saddle is equipped with a main shaft head having a main shaft so as to reciprocate in the Z-axis direction (up-down direction).

In the machining center described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-86144, the bed and the pillar constitute a base frame. The spindle head, the movement mechanism for moving the spindle head, and the rotation mechanism for rotating the spindle constitute a machine unit. In the machining center of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-86144, since the base frame and the machine unit are formed so as not to be separated, there are the following problems. That is, since the base frame or the machine unit cannot be easily replaced, the entire machining center must be replaced when changing the model.

Since the vertical machine tool disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-146631 is not configured to exchange a base frame or a machine unit like the machining center disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-86144, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61 It has the same problem as the machining center of -86144.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool which can easily detach a machine unit from a base frame, and can easily change a machine type by replacing the base frame or the machine unit with another specification.

In order to achieve the above object, in one embodiment of the present invention, a machine tool provided with a base frame, a work table, a machine unit, and a connecting portion is provided. The base frame has a processing area space. The base frame includes a pair of left and right side frames and a connection frame connecting the two side frames. The work table is provided in the base frame to be located in the processing area space. The processor unit is installed on the upper portion of the base frame and has a spindle unit. The connecting portion is mounted to be detachable from the processor unit with respect to the base frame.

Features and other advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by describing various embodiments in detail with reference to the description and the accompanying drawings.

1 is a perspective view showing a machine tool according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the central part of the machine tool of FIG.

3 is a plan sectional view of the machine tool of FIG.

4 is a front view showing the base frame, the machine frame and the Y-axis saddle of the machine tool of FIG.

5 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a machining area cover of the machine tool of FIG. 1.

6 is a perspective view illustrating a chip recovery device of the machine tool of FIG. 1.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the machine tool which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 8 is a simplified front view illustrating a closed state of the opening and closing door in the machine tool of FIG. 7.

It is a simplified front view which shows the open state of the opening / closing door in the machine tool of FIG.

It is a simplified side view which shows the open state of the opening / closing door in the machine tool of FIG.

It is a front sectional view which shows 3rd Embodiment which applied this invention to a processing system.

12 is a partial perspective view of the machine tool of FIG. 11.

It is a front sectional view which shows the work table which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention.

It is a separate front sectional view which shows the base frame which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention.

Fig. 15A is a front sectional view showing a sixth embodiment in which the machine tool of the present invention is applied to a machining system, and Fig. 15B is a sectional view taken along the line 15b-15b of Fig. 15A, showing the front part of the machine cover and the worker loading / unloading device. It is sectional drawing which shows.

16 is a plan sectional view showing a base frame and a tool changer according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

17A and 17B are explanatory views which show the detection apparatus which detects the desorption failure of a tool in 7th Embodiment.

18A to 18D are simplified perspective views showing another embodiment of the base frame of the present invention.

It is a perspective view which shows the separation state of a base frame and a machine frame in another embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a vertical machine tool incorporating the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the machine tool of the first embodiment includes a base frame 10, a machine unit 40, a tool changer 41, a machining area cover 61, and a chip recovery device ( 65). The processor unit 40 is attached to the upper end surface of the base frame 10 so as to be detachable. The tool changer 41 is attached to the base frame 10. The processing region cover 61 is provided in the processing region space E formed inside the base frame 10. The chip recovery device 65 is provided below the processing area cover 61.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the base frame 10 includes a pair of left and right side frames 11 parallel to each other and an upper portion of both side frames 11 as spanned between the two side frames 11. Upper connecting frame 12 as a connecting frame integrally connected to the lower connecting frame 13 as a connecting frame integrally connected to the upper and lower middle portions of both side frames 11 as being spanned between the two side frames 11. ). In the front of the lower connection part frame 13 between both side frames 11, the process area space E opened up and down is formed. The work table 14 for attaching a workpiece | work is attached to the front surface of the lower connection frame 13. As shown in FIG. 1, the front end of each side frame 11 is formed with the recessed part 11a which allows carrying in / out of a workpiece | work to the work table 14 by the workpiece conveyance apparatus which is not shown in figure. .

The processor unit 40 is attached to the installation surface 11b of the upper end of the side frame 11 of the base frame 10 so that attachment and detachment are possible. As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of screw holes 11c are formed in each of the mounting surfaces 11b, and the machine frame 55 having a substantially U shape when viewed in plan in the state shown in FIG. 1 is provided with a plurality of bolts. 56 is attached to a predetermined position. As shown in FIG. 4, bolts 56 pass through the bolt insertion holes 55b formed in the flanges 55a formed at the bottom of the machine frame 55, and each bolt 56 has a corresponding screw hole ( 11c). In this embodiment, the side frame 11 and the machine frame (by the screw hole 11c of the side frame 11, the flange 55a of the machine frame 55, the bolt insertion hole 55b, and the bolt 56). A connecting means (connecting portion) for connecting 55 is configured.

As shown in FIG. 1, the Y-axis guide rails 15 are laid in parallel with each other as extending in the Y-axis direction, that is, horizontally along the front-rear direction, on the upper left and right sides of the machine frame 55, respectively. . The pair of Y-axis guide rails 15 is mounted so that the Y-axis saddle 16 can reciprocate in the Y-axis direction via the slider 17. As shown in FIG. 2, the Y-axis servomotor 18 is fixedly attached to the rear portion of the machine frame 55, and the ball screw 19 is interposed with a coupling to the rotation shaft of the servomotor 18. Connected in series, the ball screw 19 is coupled to the ball screw nut 21 provided via the bracket 20 to the Y-axis saddle 16. Then, when the ball screw 19 is rotated by the Y-axis servomotor 18, the Y-axis saddle 16 is moved reciprocally in the Y-axis direction via the nut 21.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the Y-axis saddle 16 has a pair of left and right movable frames 16a and 16b and movable mounting frames 16c connected to rear ends of both movable frames 16a and 16b. ) Is formed almost in a U shape when viewed in plan. On the front surface of the movable installation frame 16c, a pair of upper and lower X-axis guide rails 22 are disposed so as to be parallel to each other as extending in the X-axis direction, that is, horizontally and horizontally. The X-axis saddle 23 is attached to the X-axis guide rail 22 via the slider 24 so that a reciprocating motion can be performed in the X-axis direction. An X-axis servomotor 25 is disposed on the rear surface of the movable mounting frame 16c of the Y-axis saddle 16, and the ball screw 26 is coupled to the rotary shaft of the motor 25 via a coupling. The ball screw 26 is connected to the ball screw nut 28 installed on the X-axis saddle 23 via the bracket 27. When the ball screw 26 rotates by the X-axis servomotor 25, the X-axis saddle 23 moves reciprocally in the X-axis direction via the nut 28.

As shown in Figure 2 and 3, on the front of the X-axis saddle 23, a pair of left and right guide members 29 are installed to direct in the Z-axis direction (up and down direction), each guide member 29 The Z-axis guide rail 31 is attached to the axial movement in the Z-axis direction. The pair of left and right Z-axis guide rails 31 are provided to be parallel to each other as extending along the Z-axis direction at the left and right rear sides of the Z-axis saddle 30. Z-axis servo motor 32 is installed on the upper end of the X-axis saddle 23, the ball screw 33 is connected to the rotary shaft of the motor 32 via a coupling, the ball screw 33, Z axis The saddle 30 is coupled to a ball screw nut 35 installed via a bracket 34. When the ball screw 33 rotates by the Z-axis servomotor 32, the Z-axis saddle 30 moves reciprocally in the Z-axis direction via the nut 35.

The spindle axis | shaft 36 is attached to the Z-axis saddle 30 in the downward direction, and the tool 38 for processing a workpiece | work is installed in the lower end part of the spindle 37 so that replacement is possible. The Z-axis saddle 30 is equipped with a servo motor 39 for rotating the main shaft 37. In this embodiment, the machine frame 55, the Y axis saddle 16, the Y axis servomotor 18, the X axis saddle 23, the X axis servomotor 25, the Z axis saddle 30, Z The machine unit 40 is constituted by the axis servomotor 32, the main shaft device 36, the servomotor 39, and the like.

As shown in FIG. 2, a tool changing device 41 for replacing the tool 38 mounted on the main shaft 37 is mounted on the rear surface of the lower connecting frame 13. In the lower connecting frame 13, a servomotor 43 is provided upward through a bracket 42, and a magazine 44 is supported on the rotational axis thereof so as to enable rotational movement around the vertical axis. As shown in FIG. 3, on the outer circumferential portion of the magazine 44, a plurality of tool holding portions 45 are mounted to form a semi-circular shape. Each tool gripping portion 45 grips the corresponding tool 38 together with the tool holder. The magazine 44 is rotated by the servomotor 43, so that a predetermined tool gripping portion 45 is disposed at the tool change position. In addition, as the Y-axis servomotor 18, the X-axis servomotor 25, and the Z-axis servomotor 32 are operated, the main shaft device 36 moves in the X, Y, and Z axis directions, respectively, The exchange of the used tool 38 and the new tool 38 is performed directly between the device 36 and the magazine 44.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the processing region cover 61 is mounted to the base frame 10 and the machine frame 55 as if to shield the processing region space E from the outside. As shown in FIG. 5, the processing area cover 61 includes a cover body 62 having a substantially rectangular box shape, a ceiling cover 63 that shields the upper opening edge 62a of the cover body 62, and a cover body. It is comprised by the shooter-shaped lower cover 64 which connects the chip | tip and coolant to the chip | tip recovery apparatus 65, being connected to the lower opening edge 62b of 62. As shown in FIG.

The front plate of the cover main body 62 is closed by an opening / closing door (not shown) during work processing, and a front window 62c is formed to open and close the work. The back plate of the cover main body 62 is closed during work machining, and is formed at the time of tool change, and a rear window 62d is formed to allow the tool changer 41 to enter and exit. The ceiling cover 63 is attached to the machine frame 55 of the machine unit 40. The ceiling cover 63 is connected to the front and rear edges of the front and rear pairs of horizontally shaped cover cloth accommodating cases 66 and 67 and the cover cloths 68 and 69, which are rewound by both cases 66 and 67, respectively. The movable mounting plate which moves in the Y-axis direction connected to the middle of the movable frame 70, the slide cover 71 provided in the inside of the movable frame 70, and the slide cover 71 when moving in the plane at the plane It consists of 72. Then, the lower end of the Z-axis saddle 30 is connected to the movable mounting plate 72, and the spindle device 36 is inserted into the hole 72a so as to be movable in the vertical direction. For this reason, the main shaft device 36 can move in three directions of the X, Y, and Z axes. The slide cover 71 may be a roll cover using a cover cloth.

In 1st Embodiment, the cover cloth accommodating case 66 is made into the frame of a front surface, and the cover cloth 68 is made into the cover sheet which forms the cover part in front of the main shaft device 36. As shown in FIG.

The lower cover 64 is formed on the shooter portion 64a and the back plate of the shooter portion 64a, and has a recess 64b for entering the work table 14, and a chip recovery device for referring chips and the like below. The opening 64c falling into 65 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 6, the chip collection | recovery apparatus 65 conveys the main body case 75 and the several wing | wings of the figure which are not shown over the pair of pulleys 76 and 77 accommodated in the main body case 75. As shown in FIG. It is comprised by the conveyor 78 and the cylindrical filter 79 of the horizontal direction for sorting a chip | tip from a coolant, being provided inside the said conveyance conveyor 78. As shown in FIG. After the chip is moved onto the conveyer 78 from the opening 75a formed in the upper plate of the main body case 75, the chip is conveyed to the rear of the machine tool and collected by the chip bucket 51. The coolant filtered by the filter 79 is introduced into the coolant tank T from the discharge port 75b formed on the side surface of the main body case 75, and the coolant of the tank T is pumped by the pump P of the machine tool. It is supplied to a workpiece processing part.

Next, the operation of the machine tool configured as described above will be described.

The workpiece is clamped at a predetermined position by a work clamp mechanism (not shown) while being placed on the upper surface of the work table 14. Y-axis servomotor 18, X-axis servomotor 25, and Z-axis servomotor 32 are operated while operating servomotor 39 to rotate main shaft 37, and tool 39 is used to drive the workpiece. Processing. As shown in FIG. 4, the chips generated during the work processing fall directly to the chip recovery device 65 downward through the discharge space 52 formed on the outer circumference of the work table 14.

The work machining operation is performed for a predetermined time, and when the tool 38 needs to be replaced, the rear window 62d of the cover main body 62 is opened by an opening and closing device (not shown). The servo motor 43 of the tool changer 41 is operated so that the known grip portion 45 of the magazine 44 is rotated by calculating the tool change position through the rear window 62d, By the movement in the three directions, the used tool 38 is replaced with a new tool 38.

According to the vertical machine tool of the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) In the said 1st Embodiment, since the whole machine unit 40 was attached so that attachment or detachment was possible with respect to the installation surface 11b of the side frame 11 of the base frame 10, the machine unit 40 was replaced with another. It can be replaced easily with the processor unit 40 of a specification. In addition, with respect to the standardized machine unit 40, the base frame 10 can be easily replaced with the base frame 10 of another specification. Therefore, the model change of a machine tool can be made easy.

(2) In the first embodiment, since the processing region cover 61 is provided in the processing region space E of the base frame 10, chips and coolants generated during the work processing are out of the processing region space E. It is possible to omit the entire cover of the machine tool while preventing the flying.

(3) In the first embodiment, since the chip recovery device 65 is provided at the lower end of the processing area cover 61 and the chip bucket 51 is provided at the tip of the chip recovery device 65, the chip is machined. The chip bucket 51 at the rear of the machine can be recovered.

(4) In the first embodiment, since the concave portion 11a is provided in the side frame 11, opening of the window to the opening / closing door is performed while installing a window (not shown) on the side of the processing area cover 61. By making it possible, the workpiece can be carried in and out from the side of the base frame 10. The recessed part 11a can also be used as a support part for providing a rotary jig | tool, a shooter, etc.

Hereinafter, the second to sixth embodiments of the present invention will be described sequentially. In each of the following embodiments, the same reference numerals will be given to the members having the same functions as those of the first embodiment, and descriptions will be briefly or omitted.

The second embodiment of the embodied vertical machine tool of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

In the machine tool of the second embodiment, the front cover plate 73 of the cover body 62 of the machining area cover 61 is formed separately from the cover body 62. The front cover plate 73 is formed slightly larger in left and right and upwards. The front window 73a for work entrance and exit opened in the front cover plate 73 is opened and closed by opening and closing doors 81 and 82. The cover cloth receiving case 66 and the cover cloth 68 of the ceiling cover 63 are moved upward in association with the opening operation of the opening / closing doors 81 and 82, thereby forming an upward open space. As a result, the work detachment work and the inspection work to the work table 14 can be easily performed.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a pair of left and right doors 81 and 82 for opening and closing the front window 73a is reciprocated in the front window 73a of the front cover plate 73. It is equipped to be possible. On the rear surface of the front cover plate 73, a pair of upper and lower X-axis guide rails 83 are provided so as to extend in the horizontal direction. The upper end part and the lower end part of each opening / closing door 81 and 82 are guided in the left-right horizontal direction by the X-axis guide rail 83 via the roller which is not shown in figure.

The support plate 84 is fixed to the upper surface of the pair of side frames 11 so as to extend in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 8, the X-axis guide rail 85 is laid on the front surface of the support plate 84 so as to extend in the horizontal direction, and the X-axis moving body 86 reciprocates to the X-axis guide rail 85. It is mounted to be movable. The X-axis moving body 86 moves in the support plate 84 reciprocally by the piston rod of the cylinder 87 provided so as to extend in the X-axis direction. A pair of left and right sprocket wheels 88 and 89 are installed on the front surface of the support plate 84, and a chain 90 connecting both ends to the X-axis moving body 86 is hooked and mounted to the sprocket wheels 88 and 89. have. The X-axis moving body 86 is connected with the opening / closing door 81 via the connecting plate 91 and the cam plate 93 mentioned later. The upper end of the connecting plate 92 connected to the opening and closing door 82 is connected to the chain 90.

Meanwhile, as illustrated in FIG. 8, a pair of Z-axis guide rails 94 are disposed on the front surface of the support plate 84 as extending in the vertical direction. The Z-axis guide rail 94 is equipped with a pair of Z-axis lifting bodies 95 constituting a lifting guide mechanism for lifting up and down in a vertical direction, and the Z-axis lifting body 95 is a corresponding connecting member 96. Are connected to both ends of the cover cloth housing case 66 of the ceiling cover 63. A cam floor 97 is installed on the left and right Z-axis lifting body 95, and a cam floor 97 is coupled to a cam groove 93a formed in the cam plate 93 connected to the connecting plate 91. The cam mechanism by the cam plate 93 and the cam floor 97 is comprised. The cam plate 93 is integrally connected with the opening / closing door 81 at the rear of the opening / closing door 81.

In the second embodiment, the X-axis guide rail 85, the X-axis moving body 86, the cylinder 87, the sprocket wheels 88 and 89, the connecting plates 91 and 92, the cam plate 93, Z By the shaft guide rail 94, the Z-axis lifting body 95, the connecting member 96, and the cam floor 97, the opening and closing operations of the cover cloth 68 and the opening and closing operations of the opening and closing doors 81 and 82 are simultaneously performed. By performing, the simultaneous switchgear 98 is configured. As shown in FIG. 7, the simultaneous opening / closing mechanism 98 is covered by a protective cover 99 provided on the support plate 84.

Next, operation | movement of 2nd Embodiment comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated.

7 and 8 show that the front cover 73a of the front cover plate 73 is closed by the opening and closing doors 81 and 82, and the cover cloth storage case 66 is in the lowermost position. The state held in the horizontal closed position, that is, the upper surface position of the machining area space E is shown. In this state, when the piston rod of the cylinder 87 extends in the left direction, the X-axis moving body 86 moves in the left direction as well, and the chain 90 rotates counterclockwise. For this reason, while the connecting plate 91 is moved to the left direction by the X-axis moving body 86 and the opening / closing door 81 is opened to the left direction, the connecting plate 92 is moved to the right direction by the chain 90. The closing door 82 is opened in the right direction. As a result, since the pair of left and right doors 81 and 82 are opened, the front window 73a of the front cover plate 73 is opened.

On the other hand, since the cam plate 93 is moved in the left direction at the same time as the opening / closing door 81 moves in the left direction, the cam floor 97 accommodated in the cam groove 93a inclines the cam groove 93a. It moves upward along the groove, and the Z-axis lifting body 95 is moved upward along the Z-axis guide rail 94. As a result, the cover cloth 68 of the ceiling cover 63 is lifted upward through the connecting member 96, and the cover cloth 68 connected to the cover cloth housing case 66 is shown in FIG. As shown in, is lifted up in an inclined state upward, and the open space is extended upward from the upper surface position of the processing area space (E).

Next, the effect of the machine tool of the said 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated.

(1) In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the front window 73a of the front cover plate 73 is opened, and the cover cloth storage case 66 of the ceiling cover 63 is upward. The cover cloth 68 is lifted up and unfolded while being inclined. At this time, an open space is formed in the ceiling of the processing region space E that extends upward as it is directed forward. Thus, the operator can easily approach the processing area space E by using the open front window 73a without being disturbed by the cover cloth accommodating case 66 and the cover cloth 68, Loading and unloading operations and tool replacement of the spindle 37 can be easily performed. Moreover, since it is not necessary to remove the cover cloth accommodating case 66 and the cover cloth 68 of the ceiling cover 63, the opening operation to the upper side of the ceiling cover 63 can be performed quickly.

 (2) In the second embodiment, when the cover cloth storage case 66 is lifted upward, as shown in FIG. 10, the cover cloth 68 is inclined, and thus, the cover cloth 68 is attached to the cover cloth 68. Drops of oil or chips flow down the backside along the slope. As a result, the number of manual operations for removing oil droplets and chips attached to the cover cloth 68 can be reduced.

(3) In the second embodiment, the opening operation of the cover cloth 68 and the opening and closing doors 81 and 82 are interlocked by the same cylinder 87. For this reason, each opening / closing operation can be performed quickly with one actuator. In addition, the number of parts of the drive mechanism can be reduced, so that the manufacturing and attaching operations can be easily performed and the cost can be reduced. In this embodiment, especially in the machine tool which set the position of the ceiling cover 63 low so that the height of the process area space E may be as low as possible, it can contribute greatly to the improvement of workability.

Hereinafter, a third embodiment in which a vertical machine tool embodying the present invention is applied to a processing system will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12.

In the said processing system, many said machine tools are provided in series along the processing line which oriented in the X-axis direction as shown in FIG. In the base frame 10 of each machine tool, as shown in FIG. 12, the shooter accommodated in the processing area space E with respect to the lower end surface 11f of the recessed part 11a of each side frame 11. One of the left and right flange portions 111a of 111 is supported. Below each said machine tool, the chip collection | recovery apparatus 65 common to a processing system is provided along a processing line. The lower end of the shooter 111 is connected to each of the plurality of openings 75a formed in the upper plate of the main body case 75 of the chip recovery device 65.

Each said machine tool is provided with the robot arm type workpiece conveyance apparatus 112, and carries in and out a workpiece to each machine tool sequentially. On the outer side of the said many machine tools, the machine cover 113 surrounding all the machine tools is attached. Opening and closing windows 113a and 113b are closed on the upstream side and the downstream side plates in the direction of the work flow of the machine cover 113, and are closed during work processing and open at work loading and unloading.

In the processing system of this embodiment, since the common chip collection | recovery apparatus 65 was provided in many machine tools, the structure of a processing system can be simplified. In addition, since all machine tools are covered by the machine cover 113, the process area cover 61 provided for every machine tool can be abbreviate | omitted.

Hereinafter, a fourth embodiment of a vertical machine tool incorporating the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, the turning table 123 is attached to the bottom portions of the recesses 11a of the both side frames 11, respectively. The swing table 123 is reciprocated by the tilt motor 122 around the horizontal axis via the bearing 121. Tilt table 14A as a work table is attached to both turning tables 123, and a work is attached to this turning table 123. As shown in FIG. In this embodiment, an index table as a work table (not shown) can be attached to the tilt table 14A so as to be able to swing around an axis orthogonal to the tilt axis.

Hereinafter, a fifth embodiment of a vertical machine tool incorporating the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

 In the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, each side frame 11 is divided into two up and down, and the upper divided frame 125 is bolted to the upper end surface of the lower divided frame 124. (126) and nut (127) so that they can be removed.

In this embodiment, since the side frame 11 is divided up and down, the height of the side frame 11 can be changed easily.

Hereinafter, a sixth embodiment in which a vertical machine tool embodying the present invention is applied to a processing system will be described with reference to FIGS. 15A and 15B.

In 6th Embodiment, as shown to FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B, the processing system is equipped with the many workpiece loading / unloading apparatus 131 provided for every machine tool. Each work carrying-in / out device 131 carries in and out a workpiece | work to the work table 14 through the opening-and-closing window 113c formed so that the front surface of the machine cover 113 may correspond to every machine tool.

Hereinafter, a seventh embodiment of a vertical machine tool incorporating the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 16 to 17B.

In the seventh embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, the tool changer 41 is accommodated in the rear space B located behind the processing area space E with respect to the base frame 10. The exchange of the tool 38 is carried out in the rear space B. The tool magazine 44 of the tool changer 41 has a disk shape having a plurality of tool holding portions 45 on its outer circumference. In a part of the magazine 44, the recessed part 44a which is a part which lacks the tool holding part 45 is formed. A shutter (not shown) is provided in the rear window 62d of the cover body 62. The shutter is provided with a drive mechanism and a ceiling cover 63 for moving the spindle device 36 in the Y-axis direction so that the spindle device 36 moves to the tool change position Pt in the rear space B in the open state. Consists of.

Further, in the vicinity of the tool change position Pt, the detection device S is fixed to the lower fixing portion located in the rear space B, that is, the lower connection frame 13, as shown in FIG. 17A. The detection apparatus S detects whether the attachment state of the tool 38 newly mounted on the main shaft 37 is good. The upward direction air injection nozzle 128 is connected to the detection apparatus S. FIG. Air of a constant pressure is supplied to the air injection nozzle 128 from the compressed air supply source 129 through the air pipe L, and air is injected in the horizontal direction from the injection hole 128a formed in the air injection nozzle 128. . In addition, the pressure gauge 130 is connected to the air pipe L.

In this embodiment, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 16, after changing the tool of the spindle device 36 in the rear space B, the tool magazine 44 is rotated to change the recess 44a. In the state calculated by the position Pt, the main-axis apparatus 36 is moved to the position corresponding to the detection apparatus S. FIG. At that position, the tool 38 moves downward with the spindle device 36 as shown in FIG. 17A, and the air jet nozzle 128 enters the center of the recess 38a formed in the center of the tool 38. do. In this state, while the tool 38 is rotated together with the main shaft 37, air is injected from the injection hole 128a of the air injection nozzle 128 to the inner wall surface of the recess 38a, so that the tool 38 is The pressure at the time of rotation is measured by the pressure gauge 130. When this measured pressure fluctuates beyond a reference value, the shaking of the tool 38 is detected, and it is judged that the installation state of the tool 38 with respect to the main shaft 37 is inferior, and it is known to an operator by the notifying device not shown. . In the case where the tool 38 mounted on the main shaft 37 has an axial shape such as a drill, for example, as shown in FIG. 17B, the tool 38 is brought close to the side of the air jet nozzle 128, and the tool Rotate (38). Then, the pressure fluctuation when the tool 38 is rotated is measured by the pressure gauge 130 to detect whether the installation state of the tool 38 is good.

In the seventh embodiment, since the detection space of the tool 38 can be formed at the position of the recess 44a of the magazine 44, it is necessary to remove and arrange the tool changer 41 rearward at the time of detection. none. In addition, the movement of the spindle device 36 for tool change becomes relatively small. Then, in the rear space B, it is possible to determine the goodness of the mounting state of the tool 38 with respect to the main shaft 37 while performing the tool change. In addition, compared with the structure which detects the replacement | exchange and installation state of the tool 38 in the process area space E, the structure of this embodiment can carry out a tool exchange operation | movement and a detection operation quickly. In addition, since detection of the installation state of the tool 38 is performed in the rear space B which is not damaged by the coolant, the chip, or the like, the accuracy of the detection can be improved.

In addition, the said embodiment can further change as follows.

As shown in FIG. 18A, the base frame 10 may be simplified. As shown in FIG. 18B, a window 11d may be formed in each of the side frames 11. As shown in Fig. 18C, a recess 11e is formed in the lower rear side of the side frame 11, and the main body case 75 of the chip recovery device 65 is allowed to enter through the recess 11e. It may be. In addition, in the structure of FIG. 18C, the recessed part 11a or the window 11d can be formed, as shown by a dashed line. In addition, as shown in FIG. 18D, the lower ends of the front ends of both side frames 11 may be connected to the connecting frame 132. 18D, the whole front side of both side frames 11 may be connected by the connecting frame 133. As shown in FIG. The connection frame 132 may be installed in the base frame 10 of FIGS. 18A to 18C.

As shown in FIG. 19, while forming the side frame 11 in the form of a stairway view from the side, the machine frame 55 can also have the structure which has a side frame part like the base frame 10. FIG. The upper end surface of the side frame 11 is joined to the lower end surface of the side frame part of the machine frame 55, and the side frame 11 and the side frame part are connected to each other by, for example, a bolt. And the shooter 134 is previously integrally formed or provided in the base frame 10, and the work table 14 can be supported so that the chip | tip fall space may be formed above the shooter 134. FIG. In this particular case, the lower cover 64 of the processing area cover 61 can be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the first embodiment, as the opening and closing device of the rear window 62d of the cover body 62, for example, a shutter (not shown) having an opening and closing door supports the magazine 44. It may be installed in the opening of the base frame 10. The shutter prevents chips or coolant generated in the machining area from scattering to the tool changing device 41 between the machining area of the work and the tool changing device 41.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the processing area cover 61 of the first embodiment, the cover body 62, the ceiling cover 63, and the lower cover 64 can be integrally formed. In addition, only the lower cover 64 may be omitted from the processing area cover 61. In this case, as shown in FIG. 19, the base frame 10 is used. In addition, the cover area 62 may be configured by combining the front cover plate 73 and the side cover plate.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the processing region cover 61, opening and closing windows for carrying in or taking out work may be provided for the left and right side plates of each of the cover body 62 and the lower cover 64.

As shown in FIG. 8, in the second embodiment, other actuators such as a motor may be used instead of the cylinder 87 for opening and closing the opening and closing doors 81 and 82.

The seat accommodating case 66 of the ceiling cover 63 is provided at the front end position of the processing area cover 61 so as to move the cover cloth 68 from its front end. It may be provided at the front end position of 70. In this case, the front frame only supports the front end of the cover cloth 68. Similarly, the cover cloth storage case 67 may be provided at the rear end position of the movable frame 70.

As shown in FIG. 11, in 3rd Embodiment, you may provide the chip collection | recovery apparatus 65 for every machine tool.

As shown in FIG. 13, as the base frame 10 of 4th Embodiment, in addition to the type shown by FIG. 18A, FIG. 18B or 18C type can also be used. Moreover, as the base frame 10 of 6th Embodiment shown in FIG. 15, the type shown in FIG. 18C or 18D can also be used.

The cover main body 62 of the processing region cover 61 is configured to cover at least the front surface of the front, left, right, and right sides of the processing region space E, and is opened and closed on the front window 62c opened for work in and out. You can also install

An index table for supporting a work, not shown, may be attached to the lower connection frame 13 so that the index table including an index motor can turn around an axis line parallel to the Z axis.

The upper connection frame 12 and the lower connection frame 13 may be integrally formed, or three or more connection frames may be installed.

While installing the work table 14 to be movable in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, the main shaft device 36 may be configured to be movable only in the Z-axis direction.

The base frame 10 may be configured to be separated into, for example, two side frames 11 and one or more connecting frames.

Claims (10)

A base frame having a processing area space and including a pair of left and right side frames and a connection frame connecting the two side frames; A work table installed in the base frame to be located in the processing area space; A processor unit installed on the base frame and having a spindle unit; And And a connecting portion to detachably mount the machine unit from the base frame. The machine tool of claim 1, wherein the base frame is configured to be selected from among a plurality of base frames of different specifications. The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the base frame is configured to be separated into two parts vertically and vertically. The processing zone cover according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a processing zone cover provided in an area formed by the base frame and the processing unit, and shielding the processing zone space from the outside. A machine tool configured to allow movement of the device. The cover of claim 4, wherein the processing area cover comprises: a cover body installed to surround the work table, a ceiling cover configured to allow movement of the spindle device while being detachably mounted to an upper edge of the opening of the cover body; And a lower cover detachably mounted to a lower edge of the cover body. The cover of claim 4, wherein the processing area cover includes a cover body covering at least the front surface of the front, left, right, and right sides of the processing area space, and a ceiling cover covering the top surface of the processing area space on an upper portion of the cover body. , The cover body has a front window opened and closed for opening and closing the front and rear doors, The ceiling cover is configured to allow movement of the spindle device, and has a cover portion located in front of the spindle device, The cover part is supported by a horizontal front frame, and the frame is installed to move a predetermined distance upward from an upper surface position of the processing area space in a state of looking at the front window by a lifting guide mechanism. The front frame body is moved upward, the machine tool, characterized in that the upper open space continuous with the processing area space opened through the front window is formed. The method of claim 6, A first mechanism for elevating the front frame for opening and closing the cover part; A second mechanism for moving the opening / closing door for opening and closing the front window in left and right directions; And And a cam mechanism for connecting the first mechanism and the second mechanism to simultaneously operate the opening and closing operation of the opening and closing door and the opening and closing operation of the cover part. 8. The machine tool according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the front frame is a housing case which rewinds and accommodates a cover sheet forming the cover portion. The rear space which communicates with the said processing area space so that opening and closing is formed in the position back of the said work table, The said back space is between the said spindle apparatus in any one of Claims 1-8. Machine tool, characterized in that the tool magazine is installed that can be replaced. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising a detection device for detecting an installation state of the tool with respect to the spindle device, wherein the tool magazine has a disk shape and has a plurality of tool grips on an outer circumference thereof, and a part of the tool magazine. And a concave portion that is a portion lacking the tool gripping portion is formed, and the detection device is provided in a lower fixing portion located in the rear space corresponding to the concave portion.

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