KR20100007541A - 저온영역에서 탄소섬유 제조가 가능한코발트/알루미늄포스페이트 촉매 및 이의 제조방법 - Google Patents
저온영역에서 탄소섬유 제조가 가능한코발트/알루미늄포스페이트 촉매 및 이의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20100007541A KR20100007541A KR1020080068203A KR20080068203A KR20100007541A KR 20100007541 A KR20100007541 A KR 20100007541A KR 1020080068203 A KR1020080068203 A KR 1020080068203A KR 20080068203 A KR20080068203 A KR 20080068203A KR 20100007541 A KR20100007541 A KR 20100007541A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- cobalt
- catalyst
- aluminum phosphate
- precursor
- reaction
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021503 Cobalt(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Co+2] ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940011182 cobalt acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(II) acetate Chemical compound [Co+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- YWWDBCBWQNCYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylphosphine Chemical compound CP(C)C YWWDBCBWQNCYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HDYRYUINDGQKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M acetyloxyaluminum;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.CC(=O)O[Al] HDYRYUINDGQKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940009827 aluminum acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 aluminum halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001869 cobalt compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012688 phosphorus precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylphosphine Chemical compound CCP(CC)CC RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 72
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000007233 catalytic pyrolysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 29
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 26
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 24
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 19
- 229910017119 AlPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 13
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZCONUBOESKGOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trinitrate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZZCONUBOESKGOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+);cobalt(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Co+2].[Co+3].[Co+3] UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YZAZXIUFBCPZGB-QZOPMXJLSA-N (z)-octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O YZAZXIUFBCPZGB-QZOPMXJLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010744 Boudouard reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 101100283604 Caenorhabditis elegans pigk-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000608 Fe(NO3)3.9H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FQMNUIZEFUVPNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt iron Chemical compound [Fe].[Co].[Co] FQMNUIZEFUVPNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- OQDJKSVVHFVCAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;diphosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O OQDJKSVVHFVCAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000018459 dissociative disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WLGSIWNFEGRXDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WLGSIWNFEGRXDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- KYYWBEYKBLQSFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O KYYWBEYKBLQSFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012454 non-polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/82—Phosphates
- B01J29/84—Aluminophosphates containing other elements, e.g. metals, boron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/185—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with iron group metals or platinum group metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/615—100-500 m2/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
- B01J37/036—Precipitation; Co-precipitation to form a gel or a cogel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
구분 | 지지체 (P/Al 몰비) | 촉매 성분 a | CO 전환율 (카본몰%) | C5+ 카본 선택도 (카본몰%) | 탄소섬유 생성유무 |
실시예 1 | AlPO (0.9) | CoN | 31.4 | 69.2 | 생성됨 |
실시예 2 | AlPO (0.9) | CoN | 57.4 | 62.9 | 생성됨 |
실시예 3 | AlPO (0.9) | CoA | 6.1 | 66.4 | 생성됨 |
실시예 4 | AlPO (0.9) | CoA | 19.8 | 57.3 | 생성됨 |
실시예 5 | AlPO (0.9) | CoCl | 9.9 | 46.7 | 생성됨 |
실시예 6 | AlPO (0.9) | CoCl | 17.0 | 36.7 | 생성됨 |
실시예 7 | AlPO (0.7) | CoN | 25.1 | 96.2 | 생성됨 |
실시예 8 | AlPO (0.625) | CoN | 20.6 | 97.1 | 생성됨 |
실시예 9 b | AlPO (0.9) | CoCl/10 nm | 23.3 | 95.8 | 생성됨 |
실시예 10 b | AlPO (0.9) | CoCl/14 nm | 10.4 | 97.1 | 생성됨 |
비교예 1 | Al2O3 | CoN | 11.8 | 73.1 | 생성되지 않음 |
비교예 2 | SiO2 | CoN | 10.4 | 78.8 | 생성되지 않음 |
비교예 3 | AlPO (0.9) | CoN + Ru | 29.3 | 74.0 | 생성되지 않음 |
비교예 4 | AlPO (0.9) | CoN + Ru | 72.3 | 67.7 | 생성되지 않음 |
비교예 5 | AlPO (0.7) | CoN + Ru | 37.7 | 56.0 | 생성되지 않음 |
비교예 6 | AlPO (0.9) | Fe | - | - | 생성되지 않음 |
비교예 7 | AlPO (0.9) | Ni | - | - | 생성되지 않음 |
a 전구체 : CoN = cobalt nitrate; CoA = cobalt acetate; CoCl = cobalt chloride b 실시예 9와 10은 나노코발트 입자 합성법으로 제조되었음. |
Claims (12)
- 알루미늄 전구체와 포스페이트 전구체를 각각 P/Al 몰비가 0.6 ~ 1.2가 되도록 한 후에, 혼합하고 산성화시켜 하이드로 겔을 형성시키는 단계;상기 하이드로 겔은 100 ∼ 200 ℃에서 건조한 후, 400 ∼ 700 ℃에서 소성하여 비정질의 비표면적이 150 ∼ 300 ㎡/g인 알루미늄포스페이트 지지체를 합성하는 단계; 및상기 알루미늄포스페이트 지지체에 코발트 전구체를 담지시키고, 100 ∼ 200 ℃에서 건조한 후, 200 ∼ 700 ℃에서 소성하여 코발트/알루미늄포스페이트 촉매를 제조하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 코발트/알루미늄포스페이트 촉매의 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 알루미늄 전구체는 알루미늄 나이트레이트, 알루미늄아세테이트, 알루미늄 할라이드 중에서 선택된 1종 이상이고, 상기 인 전구체는 인산염(H3PO4), 암모늄포스페이트(NH4H2PO4 및 (NH4)2HPO4), 트리에틸포스핀 ((C2H5)3P) 및 트리메틸포스핀((CH3)3P) 중에서 선택된 1종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 코발트 전구체는 코발트 나이트레이트, 코발트 아세테이트 및 코발트 클로라이드 중에서 선택된 1종 이상이며, 2 ~ 20 nm의 코발트 입자 크기로 조절되어 담지되는 것을 특징으로 하는 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 코발트 전구체를 함침법, 공침법 또는 나노코발트 입자 합성법으로 담지시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 제조방법.
- 제 4 항에 있어서, 상기 공침법을 사용하는 경우에는 탄산나트륨, 탄산칼슘 및 탄산암모늄 및 암모니아수의 염기성 침전제를 사용하여 pH는 7 ∼ 8 범위를 유지하는 것을 특징으로 하는 제조방법.
- 제 4 항에 있어서, 상기 나노코발트 입자 합성법은코발트 전구체 또는 이의 수용액, 및 염기성 화합물 수용액을 반응시켜 코발트화합물 침전물을 형성한 후, 세척하는 단계;상기 세척된 코발트 침전물 수용액 슬러리를 캡핑(capping) 분자 및 비극성 유기용매와 혼합한 후, 가열하여 콜로이드 상의 비정질 코발트수산화물 나노입자를 제조하는 단계;상기 콜로이드상의 비정질 코발트수산화물 나노입자를 유기층과 수용액층으로 분리하여 수용액층을 제거하고, 상기 유기층에 잔류하는 물은 감압 증류하여 제거한 후, 유기층을 40 ~ 100 ℃, 0.2 ~ 5 시간 가열하여 산화코발트 나노입자 결정을 형성하는 단계; 및상기 나노입자 결정을 포함하는 용액에 극성 유기용매를 혼합하여 캡핑된 나노입자를 침전시켜 추출하여 나노코바트 입자를 합성하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 제조방법.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 염기성 화합물은 암모니아수, 수산화나트륨, 수산화칼륨, 수산화마그네슘, 수산화칼슘, 탄산암모늄(NH4HCO3 또는 (NH4)2CO3), 탄산나트륨(NaHCO3 또는 Na2CO3) 및 탄산칼륨(KHCO3 또는 K2CO3) 중에서 선택된 1종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 제조방법.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 캡핑(capping) 분자는 C6 ∼ C30인 포화 또는 불포화 유기산 또는 지방산인 것을 특징으로 하는 제조방법.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 비극성 유기 용매는 톨루엔, 자일렌, 파라핀 및 석유계 용제 중에서 선택된 1종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 제조방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 코발트/알루미늄포스페이트 촉매는 비표면적이 100 ∼ 250 m2/g이며, 코발트가 5 ∼ 40 중량% 함유된 것을 특징으로 하는 제조방법.
- 청구항 1 내지 10 중에서 선택된 어느 한 항의 제조방법에 의해 제조된 것을 특징으로 하는 200 ~ 300 ℃의 저온영역에서 탄소섬유 제조가 가능한 코발트/알루미늄포스페이트 촉매.
- 합성가스를 이용하여 탄소 섬유를 제조하는 방법에 있어서,청구항 1 내지 10 중에서 선택된 어느 한 항의 제조방법에 의해 제조된 코발트/알루미늄포스페이트 촉매로 200 ~ 300 ℃의 저온영역에서 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소 섬유의 제조방법.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020080068203A KR100991012B1 (ko) | 2008-07-14 | 2008-07-14 | 저온영역에서 탄소섬유 제조가 가능한코발트/알루미늄포스페이트 촉매 및 이의 제조방법 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020080068203A KR100991012B1 (ko) | 2008-07-14 | 2008-07-14 | 저온영역에서 탄소섬유 제조가 가능한코발트/알루미늄포스페이트 촉매 및 이의 제조방법 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR20100007541A true KR20100007541A (ko) | 2010-01-22 |
KR100991012B1 KR100991012B1 (ko) | 2010-10-29 |
Family
ID=41816506
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020080068203A KR100991012B1 (ko) | 2008-07-14 | 2008-07-14 | 저온영역에서 탄소섬유 제조가 가능한코발트/알루미늄포스페이트 촉매 및 이의 제조방법 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
KR (1) | KR100991012B1 (ko) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014119870A1 (ko) * | 2013-01-30 | 2014-08-07 | 한국화학연구원 | CoO상 입자를 포함하는 피셔-트롭시 합성용 촉매 및 이를 이용하여 천연가스로부터 액체 탄화수소를 제조하는 방법 |
US20150017428A1 (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2015-01-15 | Posco | Insulation coating composition for non-oriented electrical sheet, method for manufacturing the same, and non-oriented electrical sheet to which insulation coating composition is applied |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100205253B1 (ko) | 1996-12-06 | 1999-07-01 | 윤덕용 | 음이온을 이용한 고농도 금속이온이 포함된 에미에이피오-5 분자체의 제조방법 |
KR100251294B1 (ko) | 1997-12-11 | 2000-04-15 | 후란쓰 이스링거 | 염기성 금속 산화물 담지 철족 전이 금속 촉매를 이용한 미세 탄소 섬유의 제조 방법 |
US6262132B1 (en) | 1999-05-21 | 2001-07-17 | Energy International Corporation | Reducing fischer-tropsch catalyst attrition losses in high agitation reaction systems |
CA2442399A1 (en) | 2001-03-22 | 2002-10-03 | Uop Llc | Metallo aluminophosphate molecular sieve with cubic crystal morphology and methanol to olefin process using the sieve |
-
2008
- 2008-07-14 KR KR1020080068203A patent/KR100991012B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20150017428A1 (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2015-01-15 | Posco | Insulation coating composition for non-oriented electrical sheet, method for manufacturing the same, and non-oriented electrical sheet to which insulation coating composition is applied |
US9455062B2 (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2016-09-27 | Posco | Insulation coating composition for non-oriented electrical sheet, method for manufacturing the same, and non-oriented electrical sheet to which insulation coating composition is applied |
WO2014119870A1 (ko) * | 2013-01-30 | 2014-08-07 | 한국화학연구원 | CoO상 입자를 포함하는 피셔-트롭시 합성용 촉매 및 이를 이용하여 천연가스로부터 액체 탄화수소를 제조하는 방법 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR100991012B1 (ko) | 2010-10-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5250535B2 (ja) | 薄型多層カーボンナノチューブ製造用触媒組成物 | |
AU2006335683B2 (en) | Single-walled carbon nanotube catalyst | |
Yusuf et al. | Syngas production from greenhouse gases using Ni–W bimetallic catalyst via dry methane reforming: Effect of W addition | |
JP4979705B2 (ja) | 多層カーボンナノチューブ製造工程のための触媒系 | |
KR100962181B1 (ko) | 피셔-트롭쉬 합성용 철계 촉매 및 이의 제조방법 | |
KR102426142B1 (ko) | 육방정 구조의 지지체에 촉매금속이 담지된 촉매 및 이의 제조방법 | |
KR101241034B1 (ko) | 분무 열분해 방법을 이용한 고수율 탄소나노튜브 합성용 촉매조성물의 제조 방법 | |
KR101015492B1 (ko) | 피셔-트롭쉬 합성용 코발트계 촉매 및 이의 제조방법 | |
CN104619414A (zh) | 合成多壁碳纳米管用的催化剂组合物 | |
CN101553431A (zh) | 制备NiO和Ni纳米结构的方法 | |
US8673807B2 (en) | Catalyst composition for the synthesis of thin multi-walled carbon nanotube | |
Alharthi | Nickel-iron catalyst for decomposition of methane to hydrogen and filamentous carbon: Effect of calcination and reaction temperatures | |
Li et al. | Ni supported on natural clay of palygorskite as catalyst for dry reforming of methane: thermodynamic analysis and impacts of preparation methods | |
KR100991012B1 (ko) | 저온영역에서 탄소섬유 제조가 가능한코발트/알루미늄포스페이트 촉매 및 이의 제조방법 | |
KR101578192B1 (ko) | CoO상 입자를 포함하는 피셔 트롭시 합성용 촉매 및 이를 이용하여 천연가스로부터 액체 탄화수소를 제조하는 방법 | |
Esteves et al. | Cobalt supported on carbon nanotubes for methane chemical vapor deposition for the production of new carbon nanotubes | |
US20030224114A1 (en) | Method for making an improved aerogel catalyst for making single-wall carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition | |
JP4639798B2 (ja) | 気相成長法炭素繊維製造用触媒および炭素繊維の製造方法 | |
Feyzi et al. | Preparation and Characterization of Fe–Co/SiO 2 Nanocatalysts for Gasoline Range Hydrocarbons Production from Syngas | |
JP2009062230A (ja) | 気相成長炭素繊維の製造方法および気相成長炭素繊維 | |
KR100814677B1 (ko) | 탄소나노섬유를 이용한 천연흑연의 표면개질 방법 | |
JP2009041127A (ja) | 気相成長炭素繊維の製造方法および気相成長炭素繊維 | |
KR20130049737A (ko) | 이중벽 탄소나노튜브 및 그 제조방법 | |
KR20240109394A (ko) | 탄소나노튜브 합성용 담지촉매의 제조방법 | |
WO2011027918A1 (ko) | 피셔-트롭쉬 합성용 철계 촉매 및 이의 제조방법 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A201 | Request for examination | ||
PA0109 | Patent application |
Patent event code: PA01091R01D Comment text: Patent Application Patent event date: 20080714 |
|
PA0201 | Request for examination | ||
PG1501 | Laying open of application | ||
E902 | Notification of reason for refusal | ||
PE0902 | Notice of grounds for rejection |
Comment text: Notification of reason for refusal Patent event date: 20100331 Patent event code: PE09021S01D |
|
E701 | Decision to grant or registration of patent right | ||
PE0701 | Decision of registration |
Patent event code: PE07011S01D Comment text: Decision to Grant Registration Patent event date: 20100927 |
|
GRNT | Written decision to grant | ||
PR0701 | Registration of establishment |
Comment text: Registration of Establishment Patent event date: 20101025 Patent event code: PR07011E01D |
|
PR1002 | Payment of registration fee |
Payment date: 20101026 End annual number: 3 Start annual number: 1 |
|
PG1601 | Publication of registration | ||
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20130911 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20130911 Start annual number: 4 End annual number: 4 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20140922 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20140922 Start annual number: 5 End annual number: 5 |
|
LAPS | Lapse due to unpaid annual fee | ||
PC1903 | Unpaid annual fee |
Termination category: Default of registration fee Termination date: 20170804 |