KR20100000115A - Reduction method of stack effect at vertical shaft in high-rise building by supply and exhaust of air in vertical shaft and apparatus for the same method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A stack effect reduction method and device at a vertical channel of a multistory building through supply and exhaust of air within the vertical channel are provided to prevent energy loss within the building and temperature degradation through the circulation of the air. CONSTITUTION: Air is provided to a lower floor of a vertical channel of a multistory building. The air is exhausted from a high floor. The air exhausted from the high floor is provided to the lower floor with a blower(40) and a duct. The stack effect within the multistory building diminishes through the air circulation between the high and lower floor.

Description

Reduction method of stack effect at vertical shaft in high-rise building by supply and exhaust of air in vertical shaft and apparatus for the same Method}

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for reducing a stack effect generated in a fire in a vertical passage of a high-rise building. More specifically, the present invention reduces the stacking effect generated in high-rise buildings by supplying and exhausting air from the lower and upper floors of vertical passages such as staircases and elevator shafts by using vertical airflow and blowers, thereby reducing the stacking effect generated in the high-rise building. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for reducing stack effect in a vertical passage of a high-rise building through air supply and exhaust in a vertical passage that can solve the problem economically and effectively.

In general, when a fire occurs in a high-rise building in winter when the outdoor temperature is low, a stack effect occurs around vertical passages such as stairs and elevator shafts of a high-rise building, resulting in a large pressure difference between rooms on the same floor. There are problems such as living environment, energy, smoke and evacuation.

In particular, as the city becomes more sophisticated and integrated, the rise of buildings is rapidly progressing. As the building rises in height, the stacking effect occurs according to the height of the floor, centering on the vertical passages such as staircases and elevator shafts in the building, causing deterioration of the indoor environment, smoke and evacuation in case of fire, malfunction of doors and elevators, and loss of energy. It is believed to affect many phenomena.

That is, in winter, when the outdoor temperature is low, the stack effect is caused by the temperature difference between the outdoor and the indoor in the staircases and elevator shafts, such as the chimneys formed in the high-rise building, and the rising air flows from the lower part of the vertical path to the upper part. . As the air rises upward in the vertical passage, where the temperature is higher than outdoors, the pressure in the lower portion of the vertical passage decreases and the pressure in the vertical passage rises. Therefore, air penetrates toward the stairs from the lower part of the living room and the living room in contact with the staircase.

Due to these phenomena, first, the introduction of unwanted outside air in the lower floor and the loss of energy due to the leakage of indoor air in the upper floor, second, causing unpleasant feelings due to the inflow of outside air, third, unpleasant noise generated when the door and elevator crevice leaks, Fourth, specific problems occur, such as difficulty in opening the evacuation door due to an increase in pressure difference across the evacuation door.

In particular, the smoke effect has a great effect on the operation of the smoke control system for the control of smoke and the evacuation route, which are the biggest threats to life safety in fires in high-rise buildings. Domestic fire safety standards prepared to ensure the safety of evacuation of high-rise buildings in Korea. The fire safety standards of the stair rooms of the special evacuation stairs (125) and the smoke control equipment in the attached room are maintained in the smoke control area higher than the living room where the fire occurs. Preventing the ingress of smoke into the area. The method generally used in this country for this purpose is a living room 115 and a staircase using a ventilation fan 130, an air wind 120, and an air supply damper 110, as described in FIGS. 1 and 2. The air supply pressure elimination system 100 which raises the air pressure in the attached chamber 105 between 125 is.

The air supply pressure ventilation control system 100 is equipped with an air supply damper 110 in the annex chamber 105 of the building, respectively, and the air supply damper 110 through the air wind 120 disposed perpendicular to the cavity port 107. Air is supplied from the blower 130.

At this time, in order to prevent the penetration of smoke into the accessory room 105, there must be a difference in air pressure above the reference value between the accessory room 105 and the living room 115. However, if the pressure difference is too large, it may be difficult for the evacuator to open the door. Therefore, the pressure difference between the accessory room 105 and the living room 115 should be maintained so that the force required for opening the door is below a certain standard. NFSC501A maintains a differential pressure of 40 Pa or more (12.5 Pa or more when the spring cooler is installed) between the attached room 105 and the living room 115 as shown in Table 1 below, and sets the standard so that the opening force required for opening the door is 110 N or less. Doing.

Table 1

                 standard             NFSC501A                  Foreclosure              40 Pa or more [12.5 Pa or more when installing a sprinkler]              Door opening force               110N or less

In order to satisfy these conditions, the equipment currently used in most buildings is a vehicle pressure regulating air supply damper (130). In general, the differential pressure control type air supply damper 130 is installed in the building, as shown in Figure 3, is installed between the wall 105 and the airway 120 of the auxiliary chamber 105, as shown in Figure 3a, the damper wing 132 ) Is closed to prevent air flow between the air duct 120 and the accessory chamber 105, and when a fire occurs, the damper blade 132 is rotated as shown in FIG. 3B to supply air of the air duct to the accessory chamber 105. . At this time, the pressure difference between the accessory chamber 105 and the living room 115 is measured, and the opening degree of the damper blade is adjusted so that the differential pressure is within a predetermined range, and thus the supply air volume is automatically adjusted.

As such, in order to successfully design and operate the air supply / pressure ventilation system 100 for controlling the flow of smoke using the pressure difference in the ventilation area in a high-rise building, the pressure field and the air supply generated by the stack effect in the evacuation stairs 125 A review of the effects of stack effect during operation of pressurized smoke control system 100 should be carried out.

In this regard, the present inventors measured the pressure field formed by the stack effect in a 31-story high-rise building to identify the phenomenon of the stack effect and propose a solution. , The room pressure in the attached room 105 and the staircase room 125 were measured and analyzed. Through the experiment and review of the results, a method for reducing the stack effect in high-rise buildings can be suggested.

First, the pressure sensor S is installed at a predetermined interval from the lower floor to the higher floor of the evacuation stair 125 for a high-rise building on the 31st floor as shown in FIG. 4 without the air supply pressure ventilation system 100 operating. In the lower floor, the third floor and the higher floor, the upper floor, the upper floor, and the upper floor, were connected to the evacuation staircase 125, allowing the pressure to be measured simultaneously in the accessory room (Lobby) 105 and the living room (Accommodation) 115. Experimental conditions are shown in Table 2 below, with the evacuation doors on all floors closed (CASE1), the evacuation doors 125 and 1 on the first floor, and the evacuation doors open on the first floor (CASE2). The pressure change of each measuring position was measured in the state (CASE3) which the evacuation door of the evacuation staircase 125 and the attached room 105 was opened.

Table 2

     CASE       Evacuation door opening and shutting condition  Supply pressurization dehumidification system operating conditions CASE1  -Evacuation doors on all floors are closed     System not up CASE2  -Open evacuation doors on the first floor-Close evacuation doors on all floors except the first floor CASE3  -Open evacuation doors on 1st and 31st floors-Close evacuation doors on all floors except 1st and 31st floors

When the evacuation doors of the evacuation staircase room 125 and the accessory room 105 are opened as shown in CASE2 and CASE3 in Table 2 above, an air flow path is formed between the staircase room 125 and the exterior of the staircase room 125, and the interpressure conditions of each floor are shown. As a result, air flows toward the staircase chamber 125 or air is discharged from the staircase chamber 125 to the outside of the staircase chamber 125. Figure 5 shows the air flow according to the evacuation door opening for the case of CASE3. The experiment was conducted at the end of January, and the outside air temperature was measured at 7 ° C at the time of the experiment.

6 is a test result of CASE1, that is, an experiment result when all evacuation doors are closed, and the X axis represents a measurement time, and the Y axis represents a room pressure fluctuation value at each pressure sensor S according to the measurement time. . As shown in the figure, the pressure value at each position is maintained at a constant level without large fluctuations, and as the pressure rises from the lower floor to the higher floor, the atmospheric pressure in the evacuation staircase 125 can be confirmed.

In case of CASE1, the pressure is formed in the order of the evacuation staircase 125 pressure <the accessory room 105 pressure <the living room 115 pressure "in the lower floor, and the" evacuation staircase 125 pressure> the accessory room in the high floor 30 floor. (105) pressure> room pressure is formed to the size of "living room 115 pressure". Due to the effect of the stack effect in the evacuation staircase 125 from the measurement result, an air flow is formed from the living room 115 to the evacuation staircase 125 at the lower floor. It can be seen that flow is formed from 105 to the living room 115 from the accessory room 105. In the target building, a pressure of about 23 Pa is applied to the evacuation doors of the evacuation stairs 125 and the ancillary room 105 on the 30th floor due to the stack effect while the evacuation doors are completely closed.

Figure 7 shows the pressure distribution over time while changing from CASE1 to CASE2 experimental conditions. That is, at about 1,350 seconds, the pressure changes at each position are shown while opening two evacuation doors connecting the living room 115 and the evacuation stairs 125 on the first floor. As shown in FIG. 7, it can be seen that pressure is rising at each floor of the evacuation staircase 125 while opening the door. This is determined as the air in the living room 115 enters the evacuation staircase 125 as the evacuation door of the first floor is opened, and the pressure in the evacuation staircase 125 increases as the introduced air rises. As a result, the pressure applied to the evacuation door connecting the evacuation staircase 125 and the accessory room 105 is greatly increased in the thirty-high floor, which causes the phenomenon that the opening of the evacuation door becomes more difficult.

8 shows the change in pressure at each position as the experimental conditions change from CASE2 to CASE3. In other words, when the evacuation door of the first floor is opened, the change of the pressure value that changes while additionally opening the evacuation door of the 31st floor is as follows. The pressure of the evacuation staircase 125 is lowered by opening the evacuation door on the 31st floor, and the descending width increases as the upper floor is raised. As a result, the pressure in the evacuation staircase 125 on the 30th floor is lower than the experimental condition of CASE1, that is, when the evacuation doors on the entire floor are closed, and the pressure difference between the evacuation stairs 125 and the accessory room 105 on the 31st floor is also smaller. . That is, as the air introduced from the first floor flows out into the 31st floor, the pressure in the evacuation stairs 125 decreases.

FIG. 9 shows fluctuation values of the pressure difference between the evacuation staircase 125 and the accessory room 105, the accessory room 105, and the living room 115 on the 3rd and 30th floors as the experimental conditions are changed to CASE1, CASE2, and CASE3. As described above, when the evacuation doors of all floors are closed, a pressure of about 21 Pa acts on the evacuation door in the direction of the evacuation stairs 125 from the attached room 105 on the third floor and the evacuation stairs (125) on the 30th floor. The pressure of about 23 Pa in the direction of the accessory chamber 105 in the direction of the sub-room 105, in the direction of the living room 115 in the sub-room 105 acts. When only the evacuation door on the first floor is opened, the stack effect is increased in the upper floor, and the pressure acting in the direction of the accessory chamber 105 in the evacuation staircase room 125 on the 30th floor rises from about 23 Pa to about 38 Pa. Meanwhile, in addition to opening the evacuation doors on the 1st floor, the effect of stacking is reduced as the 31st floor evacuation doors open together, and the pressure acting in the direction of the accessory room 105 from the evacuation staircase 125 on the 30th floor drops greatly from about 38 Pa to about 7 Pa. On the third floor, a pressure of about 12 Pa is applied to the evacuation door in the direction of the evacuation stairs 125 from the accessory room 105.

It should be noted that the experimental results of the stack effect in the evacuation staircase 125 are greatly reduced when the evacuation doors on the first floor and the 31st floor are open, as compared with the case where the evacuation doors are all closed. In other words, when the evacuation doors on the 1st and 31st floors are opened, when the evacuation doors are all closed, the difference between the stairs room 125 pressure and the accessory room 105 pressure (s7-s8) on the 30th floor is 23Pa. The difference was reduced to 7 Pa and the difference between the stairs room 125 pressure and the accessory chamber 105 pressure (s1-s2) was reduced from -21 Pa to -12 Pa even on the third floor. As described above, if the air flows from the lower floor and the air is exhausted from the lower floor by generating a flow of air from the lower floor and the higher part of the evacuation staircase 125, the stack effect in the high-rise building can be expected to be largely eliminated.

Hereinafter, the experimental results in the state of operating the air supply pressure ventilation system 100 provided in a high-rise building. The air supply pressure elimination system 100 had a structure as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, and while operating the air supply pressure elimination system 100 as shown in FIG. The pressures in the evacuation stairs (125), the accessory room (Stair) 105, and the living room (Accommodation) 115 on the 15th floor and the 30th floor of the high floor were simultaneously measured. Experimental conditions were as follows: Table 3 below, evacuation doors on all floors closed (CASE4), evacuation staircase 125 on the first floor, and evacuation doors on the first floor (CASE5) and on the 1st and 31st floors. The pressure change of each measurement position was measured in the evacuation staircase 125 and the accessory room 105 with the evacuation door open (CASE6).

Table 3

     CASE       Evacuation door opening and shutting condition  Supply pressurization dehumidification system operating conditions CASE4  -Evacuation doors on all floors are closed       System is up CASE5  -Open evacuation doors on the first floor-Close evacuation doors on all floors except the first floor CASE6  -Open evacuation doors on 1st and 31st floors-Close evacuation doors on all floors except 1st and 31st floors

FIG. 11 shows the test conditions of CASE4, that is, the test results when all the evacuation doors are closed, and show the pressure in each chamber formed while the air supply / pressure elimination system 100 is operated. When the air supply pressure ventilation system 100 is operated, the pressure increases in the accessory chamber 105 of each floor while supplying the outside air by the ventilation fan. It can be seen that the pressure is also rising in the staircase chamber 125 of each floor together with the accessory chamber 105, and the rising width thereof becomes larger as it rises to the higher floor. The pressure rise of the staircase chamber 125 can be described as follows. That is, when the air supply pressure ventilation system 100 is operated, the amount of leakage increases from the pressurized subsidiary room 105 to the staircase chamber 125, and the stack effect is combined, resulting in a pressure increase in the staircase chamber 125. will be. In the experiment, the upper 30 floors had a sudden increase in the pressure of the staircase chamber 125 by about 100 Pa while the air supply pressure ventilation system 100 was operated. As a result, the differential pressure of "staircase pressure-accessory pressure" was increased before the system was started. Effect), it increases from about 29 Pa to about 67 Pa after starting the system. As such, when the air supply of the pressure elimination system 100 is operated, the stack effect in the staircase chamber 125 is increased, which causes the in-patients to evacuate in case of fire due to an increase in the differential pressure between the staircase chamber 125 and the accessory chamber 105. Problems may arise with opening evacuation doors.

Therefore, in order to prevent this, the air supply pressure ventilation system 100 installed to provide a safe evacuation environment from smoke in the event of a fire may cause problems in evacuation of the occupants, as opposed to the purpose of installation. At the same time with the operation of the need to propose a method that can reduce the stack effect in the staircase room (125).

12 and 13 show the pressure distribution over time while changing from CASE4 to CASE5 and CASE5 to CASE6 as experimental conditions. As shown in FIG. 12, as the evacuation doors of the first floor are opened, it can be seen that the pressure of the stairs 125 of each floor is falling. This can be explained as follows. That is, when the air supply pressure ventilation system 100 is operated, air is leaked from the pressurized compartment 105 to the staircase chamber 125 so that the pressure of the staircase chamber 125 also increases. As described above, the stack effect is added in the high floor. The pressure rise will be greater. At this time, as the evacuation door connected to the staircase room 125 on the first floor is opened, some of the air in the staircase room 125 is leaked to the outside of the staircase room 125, and the pressure in the entire staircase room 125 is lowered. This phenomenon is further accelerated as the evacuation door of the 31st floor, which is a high-rise, opens with the evacuation door of the first floor, as shown in FIG. In particular, as the evacuation door of the 31st floor, which is a high-rise, is opened, the pressure in the high-rise staircase 125 is further lowered.

14 to 16 show the "differential pressure of stair chamber pressure-accessory pressure" and "differential pressure of subsidiary chamber pressure" in the 3rd, 15th and 30th floors as the experiment proceeds from CASE4 to CASE5 to CASE6. As shown, in case of CASE4, the differential pressure measured by experiment is the case of the differential pressure between the sub-rooms and living rooms on the 15th floor, the differential pressure between the staircase and the sub-rooms on the 30th floor, and the differential pressure between the sub-rooms and living rooms on the 30th floor. It greatly exceeds the design criteria of, which is happening as the stack effect is added to the pressure field formed in the building by the operation of the air supply pressure ventilation system 100. As such, the differential pressure between the chambers formed in a range that may be a problem in evacuation in CASE4 is reduced to a normal range as air in the staircase 125 is discharged to the outside of the staircase 125 by opening of the evacuation door as in the case of CASE5 and CASE6. In particular, as the air in the staircase room 125 flows out of the staircase room 125 from the high-rise part, the pressure rises due to the stack effect.

The following examination was made about the pressure field formed by the stack effect in high-rise buildings from the above series of experiments. Normally, when the air supply pressure ventilation system 100 is not operated, pressure is formed in the order of the lower floor of the building in the order of "evacuation stairs 125 pressure <accessory room 105 pressure <living room 115 pressure", and the high floor is "evacuation stairs room". (125) Pressure> Attachment Room 105 Pressure> Living Room 115 Pressure &quot; In the experimental condition, the pressure of about 23 Pa is applied from the evacuation stair chamber 125 to the accessory chamber 105 in the case of the 30th floor due to the stack effect.

At this time, the evacuation doors on the first floor and the 31st floor are opened, and air flows from the lower floor of the staircase room 125, and when air flows out of the high floor, the stack effect is greatly reduced. The pressure difference between 105 is reduced to about 7 Pa. Therefore, when the air is supplied from the lower floor and the air is exhausted from the upper floor for the vertical passages such as the staircase 125 and the elevator shaft of the high-rise building, and is operated in winter, the inter-pressure difference caused by the stack effect in the high-rise building is large. Will be reduced. To this end, a method of supplying outdoor air to the lower floor of the vertical passage and discharging the upper floor air of the vertical passage to the outdoors may be used.

However, in this method, low temperature outside air flows into the building, and indoor air that is air-conditioned by the heating system is discharged to the outside, and energy of the building is lost, and the temperature of the staircase room 125 may fall below the reference value in winter. . Therefore, there is a need in the art for a method of reducing the stack effect in high-rise buildings in winter while preventing such energy loss and temperature drop.

In addition, in the case of the air supply pressure dehumidification system 100 which is installed for the smoke control in the event of a fire in a high-rise building, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the staircase chamber 125 to supply air to the auxiliary room 105 of each floor The vertical cavity 107 is built on the side, and the vertical wind duct 120 is installed in the cavity 107.

On the other hand, if the air supply pressure ventilation system 100 installed for the purpose of securing a safe evacuation of the occupants through the control of smoke in a fire is operated in winter, the amount of leakage from the attached room 105 to the staircase 125 increases, which causes the staircase 125 The stack effect at) increases more than usual. In the experiment, when the air supply pressure ventilation system 100 is operated, the pressure of the staircase room 125 on the high floor 30 rapidly increases by about 100 Pa. As a result, the pressure difference between the staircase room and the accessory room and the accessory room and the living room also increases, thereby increasing the pressure in the living room 115. A problem may occur when an inmate who wants to move to the evacuation staircase 125 opens the evacuation door. At this time, when the evacuation doors on the first floor or the evacuation doors on the 1st and 31st floors are opened while the air supply pressure ventilation system 100 is operated, some air in the staircase 125 flows out to the outside of the staircase room 125. 125) drops. In particular, the opening of the evacuation door of the 31st floor, which is a high-rise part, is advantageous for the pressure drop in the high-rise part staircase 125 where the stack effect is large. Therefore, in the event of a fire in winter, the occupants of high-rise buildings can be evacuated safely by using the evacuation stairway room 125 to reduce the stacking effect in high-rise buildings with the operation of the air supply ventilation system 100. There is a need in the art for safe evacuation.

The present invention is to solve the conventional problems as described above, its purpose is to reduce the stack effect occurring in vertical passages such as stairs and elevator shafts of high-rise buildings due to the indoor and outdoor temperature difference in winter, By effectively reducing the stacking effect that occurs in high-rise buildings while preventing the temperature drop, it prevents the introduction of unwanted outside air in the lower floor and the loss of energy due to leakage of indoor air in the high-rise, and prevents the discomfort caused by the inflow of outdoor air. In the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust in the vertical passage, which can prevent the noise generated when leaking in the elevator gap and solve the difficulty of opening the evacuation door due to the increase in pressure difference between the evacuation doors. In providing a method and apparatus for reducing stack effect of .

In addition, another object of the present invention is to operate effectively with the air supply pressure ventilation system in the event of a fire in a high-rise building, it is possible to effectively reduce the stack effect in the vertical passage, such as staircases and elevator shafts To effectively prevent smoke from entering the smoke control space, and to reduce the stack effect in the vertical passages of high-rise buildings through the exhaust of air in the vertical passages, which can save valuable lives due to rapid evacuation in case of fire. In providing.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, in the method for reducing the stack effect (Stack Effect) generated in a vertical passage, such as a staircase of a high-rise building, elevator shaft,

Air is supplied to the lower floor of the vertical passage of the high-rise building, and the air is exhausted from the high-rise part, and the air discharged from the high-rise part is supplied to the lower part through the blower and the duct to reduce the stack effect in the high-rise building through the air circulation between the lower part and the higher part. It provides a method of reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, in the device for reducing the stack effect (Stack Effect) generated in the vertical passage, such as the stairs of the high-rise building, elevator shaft,

An air supply grill for supplying air to a lower floor of a vertical passage of a high-rise building;

An exhaust grill for exhausting air from the high rise portion of the vertical passage;

Vertical airflow connecting the air supply grill and the air exhaust grill; And

And a blower for supplying air from the exhaust grill to the air supply grill through the vertical air freshness. The air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage may be reduced through the air circulation between the lower floor and the upper floor. It provides a device for reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage through high-rise building.

And the present invention preferably the vertical wind is further comprises a damper in the middle, the blower stack in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of air in the vertical passage, characterized in that installed in the rooftop or basement machine room Provide an effect reduction device.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a method of reducing the stack effect (stack effect) generated in a vertical passage, such as a staircase, or an elevator shaft when the air supply pressure ventilation system is fired in a high-rise building. ,

When the air supply pressure ventilation system is operated to further increase the stack effect in the vertical passage, the air is exhausted from the upper part of the vertical passage of the high-rise building to the outside to remove the elevated pressure in the vertical passage to reduce the stack effect. Provided is a method of reducing stack effect in a vertical passage of a high-rise building through the exhaust of air in the passage.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, in the device to reduce the stack effect (Stack Effect) generated in a vertical passage, such as stairs, elevator shaft, when the air supply pressure ventilation system is fired in a high-rise building,

An exhaust grill for exhausting air from the high rise portion of the vertical passage;

A duct extending from the exhaust grille to the outside of the building; And

And a blower for exhausting air from the exhaust grille to the outside of the building through the duct, wherein the blower is operated together with the air supply pressure ventilation system to exhaust the air from the upper part of the vertical passage of the high-rise building to the outside, and to rise in the vertical passage. It is to provide a device for reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the exhaust of the air in the vertical passage characterized in that to reduce the stack effect by removing the pressure.

In another aspect, the present invention preferably provides a device for reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the exhaust of the air in the vertical passage, characterized in that the duct further comprises a damper in the middle, the blower is installed in the rooftop machine room. do.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, in the device for reducing the stack effect (Stack Effect) generated in the vertical passage, such as the stairs of the high-rise building, elevator shaft,

An air supply grill for supplying air to a lower floor of a vertical passage of a high-rise building;

An exhaust grill for exhausting air from the high rise portion of the vertical passage;

Vertical airflow connecting the air supply grill and the air exhaust grill;

A duct connecting the exhaust grill to an outside of the building; And

A blower that circulates air from the exhaust grille to the air supply grill via the vertical airflow, or exhausts the air from the exhaust grille to the outside of the building through the duct; By circulating to reduce the stack effect in high-rise buildings, or in case of fire, the blower works with the air supply ventilation system to exhaust the air from the upper part of the vertical passage to the outside and eliminates the elevated pressure in the vertical passage to reduce the stack effect. Provided is a stack effect reduction device in a vertical passage of a high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage.

Preferably, the present invention preferably includes first and second dampers respectively mounted to the vertical air duct and the duct, and the first damper of the vertical air duct is normally opened, and the second damper of the duct is closed so that the blower closes the bottom of the vertical passage and the high floor. Air circulation in the liver reduces the stack effect, and in the event of a fire, the first damper of vertical wind is closed and the second damper of the duct is opened so that the blower exhausts air from the upper part of the vertical passage to the outside to reduce the stack effect. The present invention provides a stack effect reduction device in a vertical passage of a high-rise building through air supply and exhaust in a vertical passage.

In another aspect, the present invention preferably is the vertical air flow is installed in the cavities in which the air supply air supply of the air supply ventilation system is installed, the effective use of the building space is a high-rise through the air supply and exhaust air in the vertical passage To provide a stack effect reduction device in the building vertical passage.

According to the present invention, air is usually supplied to the lower floor of the vertical passage of the high-rise building, and the air is exhausted from the high-rise part, and the air exhausted from the high-rise part is supplied to the lower part through the blower and the duct to allow air circulation between the lower part and the higher part. Due to the indoor and outdoor temperature differences in winter, the stack effect in the vertical passages such as stairs and elevator shafts of high-rise buildings can be reduced.

In addition, according to the present invention through the air circulation to prevent the loss of energy in the building and temperature reduction while effectively reducing the stacking effect generated in high-rise buildings by introducing unwanted air from the lower floor and energy from the leakage of indoor air from the higher floor To prevent the loss of air, prevent the discomfort caused by the inflow of outside air, prevent the occurrence of noise caused by leakage of the door and elevator gap, and solve the difficulty of opening the evacuation door due to the increase in pressure difference between the evacuation doors. Can be.

And according to the present invention in the process of supplying air to the air supply air pressure ventilation system in the event of fire in a high-rise building in the process of supplying air to the outside of the vertical passage of the high-rise building to exhaust the air to the outside to remove the elevated pressure in the vertical passage to stack effect In order to reduce the efficiency of the smoke flow into the smoke control space, as well as effectively reduce the stack effect in the vertical passages, such as staircases and elevator shafts, it is possible to quickly evacuate to prevent the loss of valuable lives.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The method of reducing stack effect in a vertical passage of a high-rise building through air supply and exhaust of air in a vertical passage according to the present invention is a vertical passage such as a staircase room 125 of a high-rise building, or an elevator shaft at a time when a stack effect occurs, such as winter. Air is circulated to reduce the stack effect occurring at 125a. That is, the air is supplied to the lower floor of the vertical passage of the high-rise building, and the air is exhausted from the high-rise building. In this process, the air exhausted from the high-rise building is supplied to the lower floor through the blower and the duct to minimize energy loss in the high-rise building. Allow air circulation between the and upper floors.

Such a method of the present invention is made to reduce the stack effect in a normal high-rise building, for this purpose, the stack effect reduction device 1 in the vertical passage of the high-rise building as shown in FIG. 17 is used.

The stack effect reducing device 1 in the vertical passage of the high-rise building according to the present invention includes an air supply grill 10 for supplying air to the lower part of the vertical passage of the high-rise building, for example, the first floor. The air supply grill 10 is mounted on the staircase 125 or a vertical passage 125a such as an elevator shaft. And an exhaust grill 20 for exhausting air from the high-rise portion of the vertical passage. The exhaust grill 20 exhausts air by mounting air to a high-rise portion of a high-rise building, for example, a ceiling of 31 floors. Let's do it.

In addition, the present invention has a vertical wind (30) for connecting the air supply grill 10 and the exhaust grill 20, such a vertical wind (30) to connect the air supply grill 10 and the exhaust grill 20 In the middle, a damper 32 is provided to open and close the vertical wind speed 30. In addition, such a vertical wind (30) is connected to the 31st floor and the first floor through the common sphere 107 of the building, through this arrangement structure can effectively utilize the building space.

And a blower 40 for supplying air from the exhaust grill 20 to the air supply grill 10 through the vertical wind speed 30, which is installed in a rooftop or basement machine room, and vertically. The exhaust grill 20 and the air supply grill 10 are connected to the airway 30. Therefore, the stack effect reduction device 1 in the vertical passage of the high-rise building according to the present invention is composed of a blower 40, a vertical wind speed 30, an exhaust grill 20 and an air supply grill 10, the staircase chamber 125 Or as a circulating stack effect reducing device 1 for supplying air to the lower floor of the vertical passage 125a such as an elevator shaft and exhausting the air of the higher floor.

As described above, the present invention operates the blower 40 and opens the damper 32 at the time when the stack effect occurs, such as winter, and the exhaust grill 20 → blower 40 → vertical air flow 30 → air supply grill ( 10) → the vertical passage (125a) → by allowing the air to circulate in the flow path leading to the exhaust grill 20 to reduce the stack effect generated in the high-rise building.

When air is circulated from the high floor to the low floor in this manner, as described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 9, the same effect as when the first and the third floor evacuation doors are opened is obtained, and the evacuation staircase 125 The stack effect at) is greatly reduced. That is, when the evacuation doors on the 1st and 31st floors are opened, the difference between the stairs room 125 pressure and the accessory room 105 pressure in the high floor is greatly reduced, and the stairs room 125 and the accessory room ( 105) The pressure difference is greatly reduced. As described above, the present invention generates a flow of air in the lower and upper parts of the evacuation stairs room 125 so that the air is supplied from the lower part and the air is exhausted from the higher part, thereby greatly reducing the stack effect in the high-rise building. In addition, by adopting such a circulation type, energy loss and temperature drop in the building can be prevented.

And the method of reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the exhaust of the air in the vertical passage according to the present invention, when the air supply pressure ventilation system 100 is operated to increase the stack effect in the vertical passage 125a, It is to reduce the stack effect by removing the elevated pressure in the vertical passage (125a) by exhausting the air from the high rise portion of the vertical passage of the building to the outside. That is, when a fire occurs in a high-rise building and the air supply pressure elimination system 100 is operated, in order to reduce stack effect occurring in the staircase 125 or a vertical passage 125a such as an elevator shaft, Air is exhausted from the high-rise portion of the vertical passage 125a of the high-rise building to remove the elevated pressure in the vertical passage 125a.

To this end, a stack effect reducing device 1 'in a vertical building vertical passage as shown in FIG. 18 is used. The stack effect reducing device 1' in a vertical building vertical passage according to the present invention is a high rise part of a vertical passage. It has an exhaust grill 20 which exhausts air from it. The exhaust grill 20 is mounted on the high-rise portion of the vertical passage 125a of the high-rise building, for example, the ceiling of the 31st floor to exhaust the air. And the present invention includes a duct 60 extending from the exhaust grill 20 to the outside of the building, the duct 60 is provided with a blower 40 for exhausting air from the exhaust grill 20 to the outside of the building do.

The duct 60 includes a damper 62 in the middle to open and close the blower, and the blower 40 is installed in the rooftop machine room and is operated together with the air supply pressure ventilation system 100. The blower 40 exhausts the air from the exhaust grill 20 to the outside from the high-rise portion of the vertical passage 125a of the high-rise building, and removes the elevated pressure in the vertical passage 125a to reduce the stack effect.

As described above, in the present invention, a fire occurs in a high-rise building, so that air in the high-rise portion of the vertical passage 125a, such as the staircase 125 and the elevator shaft, is reduced to the outside of the building to reduce the stack effect when the air supply pressure control system 100 operates. It acts as an exhaust type stack effect reducing device 1 'to exhaust.

That is, when the air supply pressure ventilation control system 100 is operated due to a fire occurrence, the blower 40 for reducing the stack effect is operated together with the damper 62 provided in the duct 60 to open the exhaust grill 20 → the duct of the high-floor part. (60) → blower (40) → duct (60) → through the flow path outside the building to allow the air of the upper portion of the vertical passage (125a) to be exhausted to the outside.

Therefore, when a fire occurs in a high-rise building, if only the air supply pressure ventilation system 100 is operated, the amount of leakage from the ancillary room 105 to the staircase room 125 increases, thereby increasing the effect of the stack in the staircase room 125 more than usual. Problems may arise in that the occupant who wants to move to the evacuation staircase 125 to escape from 115 may open the evacuation door, but according to the present invention, the same effect as opening the evacuation door of the 31st floor, which is a high rise part, may be obtained. As shown in FIG. 16, the pressure drop in the high-rise staircase chamber 125 can be largely obtained. Therefore, when a fire breaks out in the winter, the effect of the stack in the vertical passage 125a, such as the staircase 125, can be effectively reduced to effectively prevent the inflow of smoke into the ventilation space, and also to evacuate quickly, thereby preventing the loss of valuable lives. have.

Meanwhile, as illustrated in FIG. 19, the apparatus for reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage according to the present invention is air from the high-rise portion of the vertical passage 125a to the lower portion in winter. It operates as a circulating stack effect reduction device for circulating the gas, and if the air supply air pressure dehumidification system 100 is operated in case of fire, it is made of a structure capable of operating as an exhaust type stack effect reducing device for exhausting the air in the upper floor to the outside of the building. Can be.

That is, the present invention has an air supply grill 10 for supplying air to the lower floor of the vertical passage 125a of the high-rise building. And an exhaust grill 20 for exhausting air from the upper floor of the vertical passage, and having a vertical airflow 30 connecting the air supply grill 10 and the exhaust grill 20 to the vertical airflow 30. Having the blower 40 is the same as that of the circulation type stack effect reducing device.

And an exhaust grill 20 for exhausting air from the upper floor of the vertical passage, and having a duct 60 connecting the exhaust grill 20 with the outside of the building, and having a blower 40 in the duct 60. One is the same as the structure of the exhaust type stack effect reducing device.

In such a structure, each of the exhaust grill 20 and the blower 40 is shared to circulate from the exhaust grill 20 to the air supply grill 10 through the vertical wind speed 30, or the duct 60 is circulated. Through the exhaust grill 20 can be exhausted to the outside of the building.

Thus, the present invention can be economically installed in the installation cost and installation space by using the same blower 40 and the exhaust grill 20 and the installation of the branch duct 60 and the vertical wind (30) at the rear end of the blower 40. have.

In such a structure, the first and second dampers 32 and 62 are mounted to the vertical airflow 30 and the duct 60, respectively. In the winter season, the first damper 32 of the vertical airflow 30 is Open, the second damper 62 of the duct 60 is closed so that the blower 40 reduces the stack effect by air circulation between the lower and higher floors of the vertical passage (125a). However, in case of fire, the first damper 32 of the vertical wind speed 30 is closed, and the second damper 62 of the duct 60 is opened so that the blower 40 opens air from the high floor of the vertical passage 125a. Exhaust gas to the outside to reduce the stack effect of the upper part.

That is, when the blower 40 is operated in a state in which the second damper 62 installed in the duct 60 at the rear end of the blower 40 is closed and the first damper 32 is opened, the blower 40 is operated in a circulating stack effect reduction method. When the blower 40 is opened while the second damper 62 is opened and the first damper 32 is closed, the exhaust damper effect is reduced.

In addition, the vertical air flow rate 30 may be installed in the cavity 107 in which the air supply air freshness of the air supply pressure elimination system is installed, so that the effective use of the building space may be achieved. That is, in the high-rise building, the cavity 107 is to be partitioned in order to install the vertical air flow 120 of the air supply pressure ventilation control system 100. As illustrated in FIGS. 19 and 20, the circular stack effect is applied to the cavity 107. When the vertical wind speed 30 of the abatement device 1 is installed, the circular stack effect abatement device 1 ″ can be easily applied without additional burden on the construction plan.

As described above, in the present invention, when a large temperature difference occurs indoors and outdoors, such as winter, air is supplied to the lower floor of the vertical passage 125a of the high-rise building, and the air is exhausted from the high-rise part. In this process, if the air exhausted from the high-rise portion is supplied to the low-rise portion through the blower 40 and the vertical wind speed 30 to allow air circulation between the low-rise portion and the high-rise portion, the stairs room 125 of the high-rise building due to the indoor and outdoor temperature difference in winter The stack effect that occurs in the vertical passage 125a such as an elevator shaft can be greatly reduced.

In addition, according to the present invention through the air circulation to prevent the loss of energy in the building and temperature reduction while effectively reducing the stacking effect generated in high-rise buildings by introducing unwanted air from the lower floor and energy from the leakage of indoor air from the higher floor To prevent the loss of air, prevent the discomfort caused by the inflow of outside air, prevent the occurrence of noise caused by leakage of the door and elevator gap, and easily solve the difficulty of opening the evacuation door due to the increase in pressure difference between the evacuation doors. can do.

And the present invention in the emergency situation when the fire occurs in the high-rise building, by operating the air supply pressure ventilation system 100 to supply air to the accessory room 105, in the process of securing the ventilation zone vertical passage (125a) of the high-rise building It is possible to easily open the evacuation door in the vertical passage 125a, such as the staircase room 125 and the elevator shaft, by reducing the stacking effect by removing the elevated pressure in the vertical passage 125a by exhausting the air to the outside from the high floor of the As a result, it is possible to evacuate quickly to prevent the loss of valuable lives.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to such a specific structure. Those skilled in the art will be able to variously modify or change the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims below. Nevertheless, it will be apparent that all such modifications or design modifications to such simple embodiments will clearly fall within the scope of the present invention.

1 is a planar cross-sectional view of an air supply pressure replay system according to the prior art;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the air supply pressure regeneration system according to the prior art;

3 is a cross-sectional view showing the air supply damper of the air supply pressure regeneration system according to the prior art, a) is a closed state, b) is an open state;

4 is a configuration diagram in which a sensor is installed to test a stack effect of a high-rise building in normal life;

5 is an explanatory diagram showing air flow when the evacuation doors of the first floor and the 31st floor are normally opened in a high-rise building;

FIG. 6 is a graph showing pressure measurements in a state of high-rise buildings in which all evacuation doors are normally closed;

FIG. 7 is a graph showing pressure measurements in a state in which a first-floor evacuation door is normally opened and all evacuation doors are closed in a high-rise building; FIG.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing pressure measurements in a state in which high-rise buildings normally open evacuation doors on the 1st and 31st floors, and all evacuation doors were closed;

FIG. 9 is a graph showing fluctuations in pressure between chambers in the third floor and the thirty floors according to the experimental conditions of FIGS.

10 is a configuration diagram in which a sensor is installed in order to test the stack effect during operation of the air supply pressure elimination system of a high-rise building;

FIG. 11 is a graph showing pressure measurement values in a state in which all evacuation doors are closed during operation of the air supply pressure ventilation system in a high-rise building; FIG.

12 is a graph showing pressure measurement values in the state of opening the first floor evacuation doors and closing all evacuation doors when the air supply air pressure ventilation system is operated in a high-rise building;

FIG. 13 is a graph showing pressure measurement values in the state of opening the first and thirty-first floor evacuation doors and closing all evacuation doors when the air supply pressure ventilation system is operated in a high-rise building; FIG.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing fluctuations in pressure between chambers on the third floor in accordance with the experimental conditions of FIGS. 11 to 13 when the air supply pressure ventilation system is operated in a high-rise building; FIG.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing fluctuations in pressure between chambers in the 15th floor according to the experimental conditions of FIGS. 11 to 13 when the air supply pressure ventilation system is operated in a high-rise building.

FIG. 16 is a graph showing fluctuations in pressure between chambers in the thirty floors according to the experimental conditions of FIGS. 11 to 13 when the air supply pressure ventilation system is operated in a high-rise building; FIG.

17 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the stack effect reduction device in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage according to the present invention is used as a circulating stack effect reduction device;

18 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a stack effect reduction device in a vertical passage of a high-rise building through air supply and exhaust of air in a vertical path according to the present invention is used as an exhaust stack effect reduction device;

19 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the stack effect reduction device in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage according to the present invention is used as the circulation stack effect reduction device and the exhaust stack effect reduction device;

20 is a flat cross-sectional view showing a state in which the vertical air flow provided in the stack effect reduction device in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage in accordance with the present invention.

<Description of Symbols for Major Parts of Drawings>

1,1 ', 1 "...... The stack effect reduction device in the vertical passage of high-rise building

10 ..... Supply Grill 20 ..... Exhaust Grill

30 ..... vertical wind velocity 32,62 ..... damper

40 ..... blower 60 ..... duct

100 ..... Air supply pressure elimination system 105 ..... Attached room

107 ..... Common port 110 ..... Air supply damper

115 ..... Living Room 120 ..... Vertical Intensity

125 ..... staircase 125a ..... vertical passage

Claims (9)

In the method of reducing the stack effect (Stack Effect) generated in the vertical passage, such as the stairs of high-rise building, elevator shaft, Air is supplied to the lower floor of the vertical passage of the high-rise building, and the air is exhausted from the high-rise part, and the air discharged from the high-rise part is supplied to the lower part through the blower and the duct to reduce the stack effect in the high-rise building through the air circulation between the lower part and the higher part. Method for reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage. In the device for reducing the stack effect (Stack Effect) generated in the vertical passage, such as the stairs of high-rise building, elevator shaft, An air supply grill for supplying air to a lower floor of a vertical passage of a high-rise building; An exhaust grill for exhausting air from the high rise portion of the vertical passage; Vertical airflow connecting the air supply grill and the air exhaust grill; And And a blower for supplying air from the exhaust grill to the air supply grill through the vertical air freshness. The air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage may be reduced through the air circulation between the lower floor and the upper floor. The stack effect reduction device in the vertical passage of high-rise building through. According to claim 2, wherein the vertical wind is further included a damper in the middle, the blower effect in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage characterized in that the blower is installed in the rooftop or basement machinery room. Abatement system. In the method of reducing the stack effect that occurs in a vertical passage, such as a staircase or an elevator shaft, when the air supply pressure ventilation system is fired in a high-rise building, When the air supply pressure ventilation system is operated to further increase the stack effect in the vertical passage, the air is exhausted from the upper part of the vertical passage of the high-rise building to the outside to remove the elevated pressure in the vertical passage to reduce the stack effect. Method of reducing stack effect in vertical passage of high-rise building through exhaust of air in passage. In the device to reduce the stack effect (stack effect) generated in the vertical passage, such as stairs, elevator shaft, when the air supply pressure ventilation system is fired in a high-rise building, An exhaust grill for exhausting air from the high rise portion of the vertical passage; A duct extending from the exhaust grille to the outside of the building; And And a blower for exhausting air from the exhaust grille to the outside of the building through the duct, wherein the blower is operated together with the air supply pressure ventilation system to exhaust the air from the upper part of the vertical passage of the high-rise building to the outside, and to rise in the vertical passage. Device for reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the exhaust of the air in the vertical passage characterized in that to reduce the stack effect by removing the pressure. [6] The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the duct further includes a damper in the middle, and the blower is installed in a rooftop machine room. In the device for reducing the stack effect (Stack Effect) generated in the vertical passage, such as the stairs of high-rise building, elevator shaft, An air supply grill for supplying air to a lower floor of a vertical passage of a high-rise building; An exhaust grill for exhausting air from the high rise portion of the vertical passage; Vertical airflow connecting the air supply grill and the air exhaust grill; A duct connecting the exhaust grill to an outside of the building; And A blower that circulates air from the exhaust grille to the air supply grill via the vertical airflow, or exhausts the air from the exhaust grille to the outside of the building through the duct; By circulating to reduce the stack effect in high-rise buildings, or in case of fire, the blower works with the air supply ventilation system to exhaust the air from the upper part of the vertical passage to the outside and eliminates the elevated pressure in the vertical passage to reduce the stack effect. Device for reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of the high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage. According to claim 7, wherein the first and second dampers are mounted to the vertical wind and the duct, respectively, the first damper of the vertical wind is normally opened, the second damper of the duct is closed so that the blower between the vertical passage bottom and high-rise Air circulation to reduce stack effect, and in case of fire, the first damper of vertical wind is closed, and the second damper of duct is opened so that the blower exhausts air from the upper part of vertical passage to the outside to reduce the stack effect. Device for reducing the stack effect in the vertical passage of high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust in the vertical passage. The high-rise building through the air supply and exhaust of the air in the vertical passage, characterized in that the vertical airflow is installed in the cavity to be installed in the air supply air freshness of the air supply pressure ventilation system is effective. Device for reducing stack effect in vertical passage.

Images