KR20090090945A - A feed composition comprising the soluble protein isolated from the wastewater in scomber japonicus manufacture for fish meal - Google Patents

Abstract

A composition of a feed for fish farming separated from liquid waste from mackerel processing capable of using a protein source as a substitute for fish meal is provided to replace the fish meal which is the protein source of the feed for fish farming. A composition of a feed for fish farming is separated from the mackerels processing waste water and includes the water-soluble protein usable as fish meal substitution protein. The mackerels processing waste water is the waste water coming from the mackerels processing plant. The water-soluble protein is separated from the mackerels processing waste water through isoelectric precipitation. The water-soluble protein is added so that it become 30 percent of the total fish meal. The mackerels comprises one or more mackerelses selected from the group of the Scomber japonicus and Scomber australasicus.

Description

A feed composition comprising the soluble protein isolated from the wastewater in Scomber japonicus manufacture for fish meal}

The present invention relates to a composition for a fish feed containing a water-soluble protein as an active ingredient, which is isolated from mackerel processing waste and can be used as a protein replacement protein source.

Andrews, JW et al .. Supplementation of asemipurified casein diet for catfish with with free amino acids and gelatin. J. Nutr ., 107, 1153-1156, 1977

Viola, S. et al., Effects of soybean processing method on the growth of carp ( Cyprinus carpio ). Aquaculture , 32, 27-38, 1983

[Article 3] Growth of flatfish (Paralichthys olivaceus) fry with the addition of Chung Ho-chang, soybean meal and squid by-products. National Fisheries University of Pusan, Master Thesis, pp34, 1990

[4] Se-Kwon Kim et al., A Study on Extraction Conditions and Quality Stability of Carotenoprotein Using Krill Process Waste. Journal of the Korean Fisheries Society, 23, pp40-50, 1990

Chen, H. M. et al., Extraction of astaxanthin pigment from crwfish waste using a soy oil process. J. Food Sci., 47, pp892-896, 1982

Takeuchi, T et al., Suitable levels of protein and digstible energy in proctical carp diets. Nippon. Suisan Gakkaishi, 55 , 521-527, 1989

Kim J. D et al., Comparisons of comeercial feeds on the growth and nutrient discharge into water by growing mirror carp ( Cyprinus carpio ). Korean J. Anim. Sci ., 36, 710-717. 1994

[Ref. 8] Korean Food Science Faculty Council, Opening Food Articles, 6th Edition, Earth Culture History, pp 374 ~ 376).

9, Park YH et al., Processing and using of fishery science , Hyungseol Press. Seoul, Korea, p 73, 1997

Unlike terrestrial animals and freshwater fish, most marine fishes have a high degree of meat quality and high protein demand, which makes them a major source of protein. In addition, since carnivorous fish are not highly available in plant protein like omnivorous or herbivorous fish, fishmeal is always used as a main protein source in blended feeds, so the ratio of fishmeal is an important factor in feed cost in developing marine fish feed. These fish meals are a good source of high-quality feed protein that is well-balanced with various nutrients, but the price is high and the catches are fluctuate so the supply is unstable. Fishmeal used in fish farming accounts for more than 10% of the world's fishmeal production, so the use of high-quality fishmeal is limited. Therefore, it is important to reduce the ratio of fishmeal in the feed for the stable supply of feed, and for this purpose, it is urgent to develop a cheap and stable protein source that can replace fishmeal. Therefore, many studies have been conducted to develop alternative protein sources at home and abroad, and alternative protein sources that have been of interest so far include animal protein sources such as meat bone meal, feather powder, squid, krill, corn gluten, Vegetable protein sources such as peanuts, soybeans, palms, corn, and rice, etc. Among them, recently, the amino acid balance is relatively excellent, and the protein content is higher than that of other oils. Many studies have been conducted as alternative raw materials (Andrews, JW et al .. Supplementation of asemipurified casein diet for catfish with with free amino acids and gelatin. J. Nutr ., 107, 1153-1156, 1977); Viola, S. et al., Effects of soybean processing method on the growth of carp ( Cyprinus carpio ). Aquaculture , 32, 27-38, 1983).

Mackerel (Scomber japonicus) is a seawater fish of the perch mackerel family and is widely distributed in temperate and subtropical waters of the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. It is a swollen fish species and lives in the middle layer within 300m from the surface or surface layer. Seasonal cycle rate, species in the northern hemisphere move north in summer when the water temperature rises, and move south in winter to spawn. Mackerel nutrients include water protein, lipids, ash, calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, potassium, zinc, vitamin A, cholesterol, folic acid, niacin, and vitamin B12.

On the other hand, marine pollution is becoming a serious social problem due to the occurrence of red tide due to eutrophication of coastal water quality. There are various causes of marine pollution, but the main cause is wastewater or waste from fish processing plants located in coastal waters. In particular, many soluble proteins and lipids are leaked into the wastewater by the washing process during the manufacturing of fishery products such as frozen meat paste or fishery products.The loss of these proteins and lipids not only causes economic loss but also causes marine pollution. have. In recent years, many studies have been conducted to recover proteins and lipids from such wastewater wastes (Jung Ho Chang, soybean meal and squid by-products of the flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) fry. Master's Thesis, pp34, 1990; Kim, Se-Kwon et al., A Study on Extraction Conditions and Quality Stability of Carotenoprotein Using Krill Processing Wastes. Journal of the Korean Fisheries Society, 23, pp40-50, 1990; Chen, HM et al., Extraction of astaxanthin pigment from crwfish waste using a soy oil process.J. Food Sci., 47, pp892-896, 1982), the recovery of proteins and lipids from such fish meat waste is also drawing attention in terms of the use of waste resources.

However, none of the above-mentioned documents teaches or discloses that the water-soluble protein obtained by recovering the mackerel processing waste liquid by isoelectric point precipitation treatment is provided as a fish meal replacement composition for fish farming.

The present inventors through the research for recycling the water-soluble protein from the mackerel processing waste to the protein source of fish feed, the water-soluble protein recovered from the mackerel processing waste through the isoelectric point precipitation method of the present invention to 30% of the total fish meal The present invention was completed by confirming that the feed prepared by adding the fish meal as the protein source of the feed for fish is similar to the growth effect of the Israeli carp.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a composition of fish feed containing a water-soluble protein isolated from the mackerel processing waste and can be used as a fish meal replacement protein as an active ingredient.

The “mackerel processing waste” as defined herein is typically a waste solution from a mackerel processing plant, and more specifically, a material that is harvested after lightly flushed to remove the tofu and guts of mackerel and to remove blood and contaminants. Stage 1; About 1 to 100 minutes, preferably about 30 minutes to 1 while stirring at low temperature by adding about 1 to 20 times, preferably about 2 to 5 times, weak alkali water to the weight of the meat cut in the step 1 A second step of soaking for time; A third step of using the follicles to recover the meat from the meat immersed in the process of the second step and then to recover the washed water to be used as a washing liquid; The water-soluble protein obtained through the fourth step of recovering the filtrate from the suspended solids present in the upper layer of the washing waste liquid obtained from the process of the third step and then filtering the washing waste liquid with a filter such as gauze. This large amount contains mackerel processed waste liquid.

"Mackerel" as defined herein is characterized by comprising at least one mackerel, preferably Scomber japonicus, selected from the group of Scomber australasicus and Scomber japonicus.

The feed prepared by adding water-soluble protein separated from mackerel processing waste to 30% of the total fish meal through the isoelectric point sedimentation treatment as described above is compared with the feed prepared by adding only fish meal as the protein source of fish feed. As it was confirmed that the growth effect is similar, it was confirmed that the water-soluble protein isolated from the mackerel processing waste can be used for fish meal replacement of the feed for fish farming. Thus, the present invention is to recycle the mackerel processing waste as the composition for fish feed It has the effect of reducing economic losses, preventing pollution and reducing the price of feed.

The feed produced by adding water-soluble protein separated from the mackerel processing waste of the present invention to 30% of the total fish meal is similar to the feed prepared by adding fish meal as the protein source of fish feed, and the growth effect of Israeli carp is similar. As can be seen, the water-soluble protein isolated from the mackerel processing waste can be usefully used as a composition for fish meal replacement of fish feed. As such, the present invention is to recycle the processed waste liquid to the composition of the feed for fish farming has the effect of economic loss, environmental pollution prevention and reducing the price of the feed.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by the following Examples and Experimental Examples.

However, the following Examples and Experimental Examples are only illustrative of the present invention, the contents of the present invention is not limited by the following Examples, Reference Examples and Experimental Examples.

Reference Example 1. Material Preparation

Mackerel (Scomber japonicus, length 35-38cm, weight 448-525g) was purchased and used at Busan Common Fish Market (www.bcfm.co.kr) in October or December 2005. The fry were hatched and harvested in April 2006 at a private hatchery near Namyangju, Gyeonggi-do (674-1, Seokseok-ri, Passion-myeon, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do). In addition, fish meal was purchased from organic sunflower (1421 Yean-ri, Daedong-myeon, Gimhae-si, Gyeongnam, Korea), flour from Hae-Pyo (Uri wheat flour), and fish oil from Hyundai Special Feed Co., Ltd. (15-2, Mojeon-ri, Gangdong-myeon, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do). The vitamin mixture, the mineral mixture, and the cellulose were used as Sigma-Aldrich, the salt was Hanjugeum, and the yeast was purchased from Korean Yeast (39-15, Dunchon-dong, Gangdong-gu, Seoul).

Example 1 Preparation of Feed

1-1. Preparation of Tax Waste

The head and guts of the mackerel were removed and washed lightly to remove blood and contaminants, and then they were harvested with a meat grinder (Korea Industrial, Korea Meat Breeder; roll type, 4.5㎜). About 5 times the weight of the meat was added to weak alkaline water (salt 0.15% + sodium bicarbonate 0.2%) and soaked for 30 minutes while stirring at low temperature (5 ~ 10 ℃) every 5 minutes. After washing the meat by using the follicles, the washed water was used as the washing liquid. At this time, after recovering the floating fat floating on the upper layer of the washing waste liquid, the filtrate obtained by filtering the washing waste liquid with three or more layers of gauze was used as a sample for the recovery test of the water-soluble protein.

1-2. Recovery of Mackerel Extract Containing Large Aqueous Protein Using Isoelectric Point Precipitation

Hydrochloric acid solution of 3N or 0.1N was added to the wash liquor obtained in Example 1-1, the pH of the wash liquor was adjusted to a constant value between 4.5 and 5.5, followed by centrifugation (4 ° C, 8000 rpm, 30 minutes). Mackerel extract (10 kg) containing a large amount of protein was recovered. This was used as a material for the following feed.

1-3 Preparation of Feed

All feeds were prepared by investigating the general composition of fishmeal and mackerel extracts (see Table 1) in preparation (Takeuchi, T et al., Suitable levels of protein and digstible energy in proctical carp diets.Nippon.Suisan Gakkaishi, 55 , 521-527, 1989), the feed ratio was adjusted to approximately 35% of the crude crude protein required for the growth of Israeli carp.

                                                                          (%) Active ingredient Fishmeal Mackerel Extract Primary Secondary Primary Secondary Crude protein 57.7 68.5 82.0 76.3 Geography 6.5 6.7 2.4 3.9 Ash 24.4 22.1 7.1 - moisture 8.2 1.0 7.7 10.9

1-3-1. Preparation of A, B and C Feeds

The fish meal, flour, vitamin mixture, mineral mixture, salt, yeast and cellulose obtained in Reference Example 1 and the mackerel extract of Example 1-2 were mixed according to the mixing ratio (w / w%) of Table 1 below, and then a pellet machine ( CHOP-RITE, Pottstown, PA, USA), cold-air-dried for 3 days in a forced blower, crushed into appropriate sizes, sealed in 1kg plastic bags and stored at -30 ° C for freezing. Used as. (Hereinafter, the feed using only fishmeal as a protein source is called 'A feed', and feeds replacing 33.3% and 66.6% of the total fish meal of A feed with mackerel extracts of Examples 1-3 are called 'B feed, respectively. 'And' C feeds')

                                                                         (%) Fishmeal replacement rate of feed ¹ A B C 0% 33.3% 66.6%  Fishmeal 52.0 34.6 17.3  Mackerel Extract - 12.3 24.5  flour 44.5 47.6 50.6 Vitamin mixtures ² 1.0 1.0 1.0 Mineral mixtures ³ 1.0 1.0 1.0  Salt 1.0 1.0 1.0  leaven 0.5 0.5 0.5  cellulose - 2.0 4.1  Total protein content (%) 34.4 34.8 35.1 Vitamin Mixture-Vitamin A: 4,650 IU, Vitamin D ₃ : 930 IU, Vitamin E: 27.9 mg, Vitamin K: 9.3 mg, Vitamin B ₁ : 18.6 mg, Vitamin B ₆ : 18.5 mg, Vitamin B ₁₂ : 0.0186 mg, Vitamin C: 93.0 mg, choline: 511.5 mg, biotin: 0.093 mg, inositol: 93.0 mg, PABA: 9.3 mg, Furazolidon: 46.5 mg. BHT: 6.51 mg and Filler. Mineral mixture-Manganese (Mn): 1,200 mg, Zinc (Zn): 900 mg, Iron (Fe): 400 mg, Copper (Cu): 100 mg, Cobalt (Co): 10 mg, Iodine: 25 mg

1-3-2. Preparation of D, E and F Feeds

Fish meal, flour, vitamin mixture, mineral mixture, salt, yeast and fish oil and the mackerel extract of Example 1-2 degreased with ether obtained in Reference Example 1 were mixed according to the mixing ratio (w / w%) of Table 3 below. After molding into a pellet machine (CHOP-RITE, Pottstown, PA, USA) and dried by cold air for 3 days in a forced blower and pulverized to the appropriate size, sealed in 1kg of plastic bags and stored at -30 ℃ frozen the following experiment It was used as a feed of Example 2. (Hereinafter, the feed using only fish meal as a protein source is called 'D feed', and feeds replacing 15% and 30% of the total fish meal of D feed with the mackerel extract of Example 1-2 are respectively called 'E feeds'. 'And' F feed ')

                                                                         (%) Fish meal replacement rate D E F 0% 15.0% 30.0%  Fishmeal 44.5 36.0 27.5  Mackerel Extract - 7.5 15.0  flour 49.0 50.0 51.0 Vitamin Mixture ^* 1.0 1.0 1.0 Mineral mixtures ^* 1.0 1.0 1.0  Salt 1.0 1.0 1.0  leaven 0.5 0.5 0.5  Fish oil 3.0 3.0 3.0  Total protein content (%) 35.0 35.1 35.1 ^* See Table 2 ^**

Example 2 Breeding of Israeli Carp Pom

Israeli carp fry was pre- bred with commercial carp feed (gold fish , Busan shark feed, Korea) for a week before using in the experiment and then used for the following experimental example by fasting for 2 days.

In addition, Israeli carp fry were bred in small cages (82 cm × 42 cm × 50 cm) installed in a circulation filtration breeding tank (209 cm × 209 cm × 61 cm) during the breeding experiment.

Example 3. Statistical Processing

ANOVA-test was used to test the statistical significance of 95% with Duncan's multiple range test.

Experimental Example 1. First breeding experiment

In order to determine whether or not the mackerel extract of Example 1-3 can be used as a protein replacement protein source, the experiment was carried out as follows using the growth measurement method (Kim J. D et al., Comparisons of comeercial feeds on the growth and nutrient discharge into water by growing mirror carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) .Korean J. Anim.Sci ., 36, 710-717. 1994)

Forty-two Israeli carp fry, average 23.1 ± 0.3 g, were housed for 42 days with A, B or C feed. During the breeding period, ten Israeli carp fry were randomly taken from each experimental group every two weeks. Body length and full length were measured, and the feed coefficient, daily growth rate, daily feed intake rate, growth rate, and obesity were calculated using Equations 1 to 4 as feed amounts, which are shown in Tables 4 to 6 below.

- feed coefficient (Feed conversion ratio: FCR)

  = [Feed intake; dry matter / wet weight gain]

* Daily Growth Rate (Daily growth rate: DGR,% )

= [(W _t / W _o ) ^{1 / t} -1] × 100

* Daily feed uptake (Daily feed consumption,%)

  = {(Feed intake / [(Initial wt. + Final wt.) / 2 × day]] × 100

* Condition factor

= [Weight / (total body length_) ³ ] × 1,000

                                                                         (%) Israeli Carp Cheer Feed experiment group A B C Early  Total weight (g) 939.0 915.5 914.0  Average weight (g) 23.5 22.9 22.9 review  Total weight (g) 1400.0 1291.0 1216.0  Average weight (g) 35.4 32.3 30.4 Feed amount (g) 716.0 636.4 583.9 Feed factor 1.6a 1.7a 1.9a Daily growth rate (%) 2.7a 2.3ab 1.9b Daily Feed Intake (%) 4.1a 3.9ab 3.7b Obesity 18.9 18.8 18.8 ¹ (p <0.05).

                                                                         (%) Israeli Carp Cheer Feed experiment group A B C Early  Total weight (g) 875.0 806.9 769.6  Average weight (g) 35.2 32.3 30.8 review  Total weight (g) 1360.0 1187.0 1126.5   Average weight (g) 54.4 47.5 45.1 Feed amount (g) 560.5 495.6 479.4 Feed factor 1.2 1.3 1.3 Daily growth rate (%) 3.2 2.8 2.8 Daily Feed Intake (%) 3.6 3.6 3.6 Obesity 20.1 19.8 19.6

                                                                          (%) Israeli Carp Cheer Feed experiment group A B C Early  Total weight (g) 1088.0 949.6 901.2  Average weight (g) 54.4 47.4 45.1 review  Total weight (g) 1287.0 1044.5 968.0  Average weight (g) 64.4 52.2 48.4 Feed amount (g) 507.9 363.4 313.9 Feed factor 2.6a 3.9b 4.7c Daily growth rate (%) 1.3 ^a 0.7 ^b 0.4 ^c Daily Feed Intake (%) 3.3 ^a 2.8 ^b 2.6 ^b Obesity 19.1 ^a 19.9 ^a 17.1 ^{b 1} (p <0.05).

As a result, as shown in Table 4, when looking at the growth of the second week of breeding, the feed factor and daily growth rate of the feed group A was 1.6% and 2.7%, respectively, and the feed group B was 1.7% and 2.3%, respectively. Finally, in the C feed group, 1.9% and 1.9%, respectively, showed no significant difference in feed coefficients, while the daily growth rate was higher in the A and C feed groups. It was confirmed that there was a significant difference (p <0.05). In addition, the daily feed intake was 4.1% in the A feed group, 3.9% in the B feed group, and 3.7% in the C feed group. Finally, there was a significant difference between the A and C feed groups. (p <0.05) was confirmed. However, in the obesity diagram, the A, B and C feed groups were 18.9%, 18.8% and 18.8%, respectively, indicating that there was no significant difference between the groups (see Table 4).

As shown in Table 5, the growth rate of the 4th week of breeding showed that all the experimental groups had a feed coefficient of 1.2-1.3%, a daily feed intake rate of 3.6%, and finally a daily growth rate of 2.8-3.2%. It can be seen that there is no significant difference between the experimental groups (see Figure 5).

However, as shown in Figure 6, six weeks of breeding was able to confirm that there is a significant difference between the experimental groups. The daily feed intake rate of A feed, B feed, and C feed experimental groups increased by 3.3% and 2.8%, respectively, as the amounts of the mackerel extracts of Examples 1-3 increased as in the order of feed A, feed B, and feed C. , 2.6%, which showed significant difference between the experimental groups (p <0.05), and the feed coefficient and daily growth rate of the A, B and C feed groups were 2.6%, 3.9%, 4.7% and 1.3%. 0.7% and 0.4% showed significant differences among the experimental groups. However, there were no significant differences between the A and B feed groups, as the obesity of the A, B and C feed groups was 19.1%, 19.9% and 17.1%, respectively. It was confirmed that there is (p <0.05) (see Fig. 6).

Through the above results, the feed coefficient, daily growth rate and daily feed intake rate of the experimental groups did not show a big difference until the 4th week of breeding, but since then, B and C feeds had significantly reduced feed efficiency as compared to A feed. The growth rate was also low enough to show a significant difference (p <0.05), which was confirmed to increase as the amount of mackerel extract increased. Therefore, it was found that the extract contained a substance that inhibits feeding behavior or reduces palatability. In fact, the mackerel extract had a rather disgusting odor as if the lipid was altered, and the lipid washed out in the water during the fish processing process easily reacts with oxygen in the air, which makes it easy to oxidize. By estimating, it was to check this in Experimental Example 2 below.

On the other hand, during the breeding period, the feed B group showed no significant difference in feed coefficient, daily growth rate, daily feed intake, and obesity compared to the A feed group, while the C feed group had a significant difference in overall growth. Appeared to decrease enough to show. Therefore, it was found that the optimum addition rate of the mackerel extract for using the mackerel extract as a fish meal replacement protein is 30% or less (see Tables 4 to 6).

Experimental Example 2 Measurement of Lipid Loss of Mackerel Extracts

In order to determine the lipid rancidity of mackerel extracts, the following experiments were conducted using the peroxide value measurement and browning variability method (Korea Food Science Faculty Council, Open Food Article, 6th Edition, Earth Culture History, pp 374 ~). 376; Park YH et al., Processing and using of fishery science , Hyungseol Press. Seoul, Korea, p 73, 1997).

       Peroxide value was measured by homogenizing 25 mL of mixed solvent (Glacial acetic acid: Chloroform = 1: 1) to the mackerel extract prepared by the method of Example 1-2, and then adding 1 mL of saturated KI solution and closing the stopper for 1 minute. After severe shaking, the cow was left for 5-10 minutes. Then, 75 mL of distilled water was added, the stopper was closed, shaken, mixed, and then titrated with 0.01 N sodium thiosulfate solution using 1 mL of 1% starch solution as an indicator to calculate the peroxide content, which is shown in Table 7 below.

       The browning degree was measured by mixing 1 g of mackerel extract prepared in the method of Example 1-2 and 40 mL of 10% trichloroacetic acid solution in a centrifuge tube, and then mixing and shaking. Thereafter, the solution was centrifuged to extract only the supernatant, and then the absorbance was measured at 420 nm, which is shown in Table 7 below.

sample Peroxide value (%) Browning (%) Mackerel Extract 0.27 0.39

As a result, as shown in Table 7, the lipid contained in the mackerel extract was severely rancid, so that the peroxide, which is a primary oxidation product, was almost decomposed and turned into a secondary oxidation product. Is almost formed in the initial oxidation stage, and is rapidly increased linearly in the steam oxidation stage. As the browning material of the mackerel extract showed 0.39%, the oxidation of the lipids contained in the mackerel extract proceeded considerably, indicating that it is in the late stage of oxidation. Could. Through this, in Experimental Example 1 it was confirmed that the mackerel extract is a rancidity of the lipid contained in the mackerel extract is the cause of suppressing the behavior of the fish than fish meal. Therefore, in Experimental Example 3, the mackerel extract was degreased with ether in advance in order to eliminate the influence of rancidity (see Table 7).

Experimental Example 3. Second breeding experiment

Based on the results of Experiment 1, the experiment was performed using the growth rate measurement method to determine the optimum addition ratio of the mackerel extract as a fish meal replacement protein (Kim JD et al., Comparisons of comeercial feeds on the growth and nutrient discharge into water by growing mirror carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) .Korean J. Anim. Sci ., 36, 710-717. 1994).

Unlike Experimental Example 1, E and F feeds prepared by adding 15% and 30% of the mackerel extract degreased with ether were used.

Forty-two Israeli carp fry (average 23.1 ± 0.3 g) were housed per cage for 42 days with D, E or F feed. During the breeding period, ten Israeli carp fry were randomly taken from each experimental group every two days. , The total length was measured, and the feed coefficient, daily growth rate, daily feed intake rate, growth rate and obesity degree were all calculated using Equations 1 to 4 of Experimental Example 1 as the feed amount, which are shown in Tables 8 to 10 below. It was.

                                                                         (%) Israeli Carp Cheer Feed experiment group D E F Early  Total weight (g) 294.5 293.5 296.5  Average weight (g) 2.9 2.9 3.0 review  Total weight (g) 422.0 438.0 430.0  Average weight (g) 4.2 4.4 4.3 Feed amount (g) 220.5 219.5 215.5 Feed factor 1.7 1.5 1.6 Daily growth rate (%) 2.6 2.9 2.7 Daily Feed Intake (%) 4.4 4.3 4.2 Obesity 14.9 15.8 15.3

                                                                         (%) Israeli Carp Cheer Feed experiment group D E F Early  Total weight (g) 383.2 389.6 394.0  Average weight (g) 4.3 4.3 4.4 review  Total weight (g) 473.5 487.4 490.5  Average weight (g) 5.2 5.4 5.5 Feed amount (g) 169.5 170.5 174.5 Feed factor 1.9 1.7 1.8 Daily growth rate (%) 1.5 1.6 1.6 Daily Feed Intake (%) 2.8 2.8 2.8 Obesity 15.2 15.3 15.7

                                                                         (%) Israeli Carp Cheer Feed experiment group D E F Early  Total weight (g) 383.2 389.6 394.0  Average weight (g) 4.3 4.3 4.4 review  Total weight (g) 473.5 487.4 490.5  Average weight (g) 5.2 5.4 5.5 Feed amount (g) 169.5 170.5 174.5 Feed factor 1.9 1.7 1.8 Daily growth rate (%) 1.5 1.6 1.6 Daily Feed Intake (%) 2.8 2.8 2.8 Obesity 15.2 15.3 15.7

As a result, as shown in Table 8, when looking at the growth of the second week of breeding, about 2.9-3.0 g of Israeli carp fry grew up to about 4.2-4.4 g in all experimental groups, and there was no difference in weight between the experimental groups. This pattern was also the same in feed coefficient (1.5-1.7), daily growth rate (2.6-2.9%), and daily feed intake rate (4.2-4.4%). However, as no significant difference was found, there was no significant difference in the growth between the experimental groups (see Table 8).

As shown in Table 9, the growth rate of the fourth week of breeding was similar to that of the second week of breeding, in which the feed coefficient (1.8-1.9), daily growth rate (1.5-1.6%), and daily feed intake rate (2.8%) of the experimental groups were almost similar. In the obesity diagram, the F feed group appeared to be slightly better than the other feed groups, but there was no significant difference. However, the growth rate and daily feed intake of the fourth week tended to be lower than those of the second week of breeding (see Table 9).

As shown in Table 10, the 6th week of breeding showed the same trend as the 2nd and 4th week of breeding, and the feed coefficient (1.7-1.9), daily growth rate (1.0-1.3%), and daily feed intake rate (1.8-2.2) between the experimental groups. %) Was almost similar, and there was no significant difference in obesity. The F feed group was significantly higher than the D feed group, and the F feed group had the highest obesity as the breeding period increased. Compared with the feed group, it showed better growth without any particular phenomenon (see Table 10). Through this, it was found that the optimum ratio of mackerel extract as a fish meal replacement protein was 30%, and the feed prepared by adding mackerel extract to 30% of the total fish meal as a protein source when Israeli carp were reared As compared with the feed, it was confirmed that there is a similar growth effect, mackerel extract as a substitute protein source of fish meal was not at all inferior (see Table 8 to Table 10).

Recycling the mackerel processing waste as a protein source of fish feed can reduce the economic loss, environmental pollution and reduce the price of feed.

Claims (3)

A composition of a feed for fish farming, containing as an active ingredient a water-soluble protein which is isolated from the mackerel processing waste and can be used as a fish meal replacement protein. The composition of claim 1, wherein the mackerel processing waste is typically a waste liquid from a mackerel processing plant. The composition of claim 1, wherein the mackerel comprises one or more mackerel selected from the group of Scomber australasicus) and Scomber japonicus.