KR20090084244A - Earth sterilization method by injecting steam and steam earth sterilizer for the method - Google Patents

Abstract

A steam soil disinfector is provided, which removes the microorganism, soil pest, weed seed by injecting steam of the high temperature into the surface soil. A steam soil disinfector comprises: a plurality of steam spray holes(112) formed at the side in the pipe body(111); a steam injection needle(11) which is the needle type having the peak(113) in which the end is pointed in order to well penetrate into the soil and is perpendicularly adhered to the bottom of the pipe frame; a pipe frame(12) connecting the pipe of the constant size in the frame type; and a steam supply pipe which is provided with steam from a boiler.

Description

Earth Sterilization Method by Injecting Steam and Steam Earth Sterilizer for the Method

The present invention relates to a farming method and a farming machine used therein, and more particularly, a method for removing microorganisms, pests, weed seeds, etc. harmful to cultivation in soil by injecting hot steam into the topsoil of arable land. It relates to a steam soil sterilizer.

In recent years, agricultural farming has been spreading from conventional farming methods that depend on climate, and large-scale farming facilities such as plastic houses are being built. . In such enterprise type farming, a series of cultivation of the same crops or similar crops with rapid growth rate in the same place is carried out in order to efficiently use the expensive farming facilities.

As described above, the production of crops is poor due to various causes, and crop disturbances, a phenomenon in which the yield and quality of crops are degraded, are caused. There are many causes of such disturbances, such as destruction of soil structure due to small cultivation, accumulation of salt by blocking rainfall, depletion of specific nutrients, but the most direct causes are similar crops of the same level in one place. It is known that certain pests are condensed by cultivating continuously.

Currently, in order to combat specific dense pests, which are the main causes of the above-mentioned dysplasia, various methods of disinfectant or insecticide pesticides are applied to the soil to disinfect the soil. However, these pesticides are very toxic. To harm the health, these pesticides are introduced into the human body through the crops and accumulate to harm human health. In addition, pesticides remain in the soil for a long time, killing not only pests harmful to cultivation, but also microorganisms useful for cultivation, making it impossible to inhabit, but rather inhibiting the growth of crops. Residual pesticides penetrate the soil and flow into the river, causing the soil and water environment to be destroyed.

Recently, in order to improve the problems of soil disinfection caused by pesticides, a top soil heating apparatus has been developed and registered a patent (Domestic Patent Registration 10-0765143, Patent holder: Bum-Koo Kim). According to the patent invention, a method of disinfecting the soil is performed by inserting the soil into the cylindrical housing and heating with steam. It is impossible to treat a large amount of soil, and the soil is put into the housing and the treated soil is removed. Because of the inconvenience of having to transport it back to the farmland, it is impossible to treat the whole soil of the farmland and it can only be used to disinfect a small amount of soil such as the topsoil of the nursery.

As another soil disinfection method, there is a pest sterilization method by the irrigation in soil and waste medium of the hot water using a boiler (Korean Patent Publication, Publication No .: 10-2007-0002379, Applicant: Republic of Korea (Rural Development Administration)). This sterilization method is a method of hot water disinfection using high temperature water. The specially manufactured vehicle continuously sprays hot water heated by a boiler on the soil for a certain period of time, and covers the top of the soil layer by covering the top with vinyl. It is a method of disinfecting soil by keeping it above 65 degrees Celsius for a long time. This soil sterilization method is inconvenient to work and requires a large amount of hot water requires a special work vehicle, there is a problem that requires a lot of energy.

As described above, as a soil disinfection method for combating pests in soil, which is the main cause of crop disturbance of crops, chemical disinfection using pesticides and disinfection using heat treatment devices and disinfection using hot water There are several problems. Therefore, a groundbreaking soil disinfection method is required.

The new soil disinfection method should be environmentally friendly, free of chemicals, be able to disinfect soils throughout the farmland, and be able to work efficiently.

In addition, the disinfection apparatus required for this structure must be simple in structure, low in energy consumption, and be able to inject steam deep into the soil, thereby providing sufficient disinfection effect.

In order to solve the above technical problem, a high temperature steam is used as a means for disinfecting the soil, and a method of directly injecting high temperature steam into the arable land using a specially invented steam soil sterilizer is adopted. .

The steam soil sterilizer is a sterilizer attached to a plurality of steam injection needles that can penetrate the soil to a sufficient depth, so that it can simultaneously disinfect a certain area of soil in one operation.

The method of disinfecting the soil by injecting steam of the present invention is environmentally friendly because it uses steam of high heat without using a chemical pesticide as a disinfection means. In addition, the present invention is a method of directly injecting steam into the topsoil of the arable land, it is possible to disinfect a large area of soil with a small amount of water, low energy consumption, and the effect of soil disinfection.

Another invention, the steam soil sterilizer can inject steam deep into the soil, can disinfect large areas of soil at once, and its structure is simple and compact, making it an SS machine (SS machine, a multipurpose small agricultural machine mainly used for spraying pesticides) and It can be mounted on the same small farming machine and can be sterilized efficiently.

The method of disinfecting the soil by injecting steam of the present invention is carried out sequentially through the following steps.

1. flattening, grinding and planarizing the arable land;

2. The soil soil is softened and flattened through the planarization step, and the soil soil sterilizer is pressed onto the ground, and the steam injection needle of the steam soil sterilizer is pressurized into the soil;

3. The steam soil sterilizer to supply steam for a predetermined time to heat the soil to eradicate pests, disinfection step;

3. After the steam is supplied to the soil for a predetermined time, the disinfection end step of shutting off the steam supply and lifting up the steam soil sterilizer;

The planarization step is usually performed using a farm machine called a rotary. Since the method of the present invention is mainly applied to vegetable cultivation agriculture, especially in the field farming, such as vinyl farming, which has been serialized several times a year. Leveling. When the toro is ground and planarized as described above, the steam injection needle 11 is easily pressurized into the topsoil, and less steam is discharged directly to the outside of the soil.

The disinfection preparation step is to compress the steam soil sterilizer 10 as shown in FIG. Indentation step. In general, in the case of field crops, the topsoil of the soil is ground to a depth of 20 cm to 30 cm, and the crop is tilled. Therefore, the steam injection needle 11 may also be press-fitted to this depth.

The disinfection step supplies steam to the steam injection needle 11 for a predetermined time while the steam injection needle 11 is inserted into the soil in the steam injection preparation step, such that hot steam is ejected into the soil. Step.

When hot steam is injected into the soil, soil disinfection occurs by killing all pests and harmful organisms such as eggs, viruses or germs in the soil by the heat of the steam. For sufficient disinfection, the temperature inside the soil should be raised to 80 ° C. Thus, to raise the temperature of the soil, steam injection needles should be placed at intervals of 15 cm vertically and the temperature of the steam injection needles 168 ° C and pressure. It was experimentally found that only 7.5 kgf / cm 2 of steam may be injected for 30 seconds. The steam injection time is lengthened if the temperature of the steam is low and short if the temperature of the steam is high, according to the specifications of the steam generating boiler used. In addition, it is possible to properly control the disinfection time and the temperature of steam enough to eradicate pests that are mainly a problem for the crops to be grown.

After disinfection of the soil through the above steps, the disinfection step is to block the steam supply to the steam injection needle (11), lifting the steam soil sterilizer (10) to remove the ground.

When the disinfection termination step is completed as described above, the soil disinfection is moved to the next disinfection site to perform the soil disinfection again. Repeat this disinfection to disinfect all or part of the farmland with steam.

When the soil is sterilized with steam as described above, the pests and their eggs, microorganisms such as viruses or bacteria that cause diseases or growth on plants, and even young weeds and seeds are killed by high temperature heat. Even if there are no biological causes of dysplasia. However, in this disinfection process, the microorganisms that are beneficial for plant growth are also killed, but since there is no toxic substance remaining in the soil after disinfection, the beneficial microorganisms are introduced from outside and inhabit. If necessary, supplement the microorganisms by administering organic fertilizer, etc. after disinfection.

As shown in Figure 1, the main part of the steam soil sterilizer 10 used in the method of disinfecting the soil by injecting steam into the steam injection needle (11), the pipe frame (12), and the steam supply pipe (13). It is composed. And a safety skirt 14 may be further provided to prevent safety and loss of steam during operation.

Steam injection needle 11 is as shown in Figure 2, the pipe body 111 is formed with a plurality of steam ejection holes 112 on the side, having a sharp tip 113 to penetrate well into the soil As needle-shaped, many pieces are attached perpendicularly to the pipe frame 12 below. The interval between the steam injection needles (11) can be arbitrarily determined, and the steam supply time can be adjusted according to the soil disinfection. However, it was proved to be appropriate to set the interval between the steam injection needles to 15 cm and the steam supply time to 30 seconds.

A plurality of steam jet holes 112 are formed along the circumference of the pipe at the same height of the pipe body 111, such blow holes are formed in two to four stages along the length of the pipe body 111.

When the steam injection needle 11 is press-fitted into the soil, since the steam jet hole 112 may be blocked by the soil particles, it is preferable to provide a conical protective pin 114 around the steam jet hole.

The pipe body 111 of the steam injection needle 11 may be made of one long pipe, but when the steam injection needle does not penetrate into the soil until the end of the steam injection needle is shallow because the depth of the field is shallow, the upper steam is exposed to the ground. Excessive steam leakage into the ball 112 can be a lot of steam loss. Therefore, in order to adjust the length of the steam injection needle (11) according to the characteristics of the arable land or the type of cultivated crops, it is good to make the steam injection needle in multiple stages to be connected to each other.

 The pipe frame 12 provides structural strength necessary to press the steam injection needles 11 into the soil, and connects pipes of a predetermined size in a frame shape so as to supply steam to each steam injection needle 11. Each steam injection needle 11 is produced by processing a hole to be attached. Coupling of the steam injection needle 11 and the pipe frame is combined so that steam is not leaked from the connection portion by screwing, welding, interference fitting, or the like.

The pipe frame 12 is made large in order to efficiently disinfect the work, and if the pipe itself is low in strength due to its low structural strength, a separate reinforcing structure may be provided on the top of the pipe frame 12.

The size of the pipe frame 12 may be appropriately sized in consideration of work efficiency, power of a driving device, and width of a field of a farmland to be sterilized, but the width of a field of a typical vinyl house is 2500 mm, Considering that the size of the pipe frame is 2,500mm in width and 450mm in length, the production of pipes in 4 rows at intervals of 150mm can improve the work efficiency and can use the power of the SS machine, which is a small agricultural machine.

In the center of the upper surface of the pipe frame 12, a steam supply pipe 13 for supplying steam to the pipe frame 12 and providing a push force in a vertical downward direction is connected. This steam supply pipe 13 is preferably made of steel pipe or stainless steel pipe having a sufficient structural strength.

As shown in Figure 3, the steam supply pipe 13 is connected to the boiler and the steam hose mounted on the agricultural machine equipped with the steam soil sterilizer 10 of the present invention is supplied with steam, the hydraulic, pneumatic, Or it is connected to the actuator shaft of the electric drive method to raise or lower. When the steam supply pipe 13 is raised or lowered in this way, the pipe frame 12 is raised or lowered, and the steam injection needle 11 attached to the lower surface of the pipe frame 12 is pressed or extracted into the soil. .

The steam supply pipe 13 is lowered by a predetermined height by attaching a limit switch 15 to the steam supply pipe 13 and a control valve 16 such as a solenoid valve, a pneumatic or hydraulic operated valve that operates in conjunction with the limit switch. When the steam injection needle 11 is completely pushed into the soil, the limit switch 15 detects this, opens the control valve 16 to supply steam to the steam injection needle 11, and the steam supply pipe 13 rises by a predetermined height. When the steam injection needle 11 begins to be extracted from the soil, the limit switch 15 detects this and closes the control valve 16 to shut off the steam supply to the steam injection needle 11. Can be automated.

Around the pipe frame 12, it is preferable to attach a safety skirt 14 manufactured in the shape of a corrugated container with a flexible material such as a rubber sheet. The material of safety skirt is EPDM rubber which has good heat resistance. When the safety skirt 14 is attached, when the steam injection needle 11 is pressed into the soil and the steam is sprayed into the soil, the safety skirt 14 is pressed onto the ground, and the dust dust blown out by steam or high pressure steam It is safe from scattering. In addition, by preventing the leakage of steam is dissipated to the surrounding area is lost, it is possible to increase the thermal efficiency by allowing all the steam to be used for disinfection of the soil.

The present invention can be usefully used for the cultivation of crops for tillage, especially for facility farming using a vinyl house.

1 is a block diagram of a steam soil sterilizer 10 of the present invention.

2 is a detailed view of the steam injection needle (11).

3 is a view of the steam soil sterilizer 10 is mounted on an agricultural machine.

※ Important Component Number

10: steam soil sterilizer, 11: steam injection needle, 12: pipe frame,

13: steam supply pipe, 14: safety skirt

Claims (6)

A method of disinfecting soil by injecting steam into the soil by performing each of the following steps sequentially. 1. flattening, grinding and planarizing the arable land; 2. Pressurizing the steam soil sterilizer to the ground on the soil softened and flattened through the planarization step, and injecting the steam injection needle of the steam soil sterilizer into the soil; 3. By supplying steam to the steam soil sterilizer for a predetermined time, hot steam is ejected into the soil through the steam injection needle 11 of the soil sterilizer, and heats the soil by this steam to eradicate pests, Disinfection step; 4. After the steam is supplied to the soil for a certain time, the disinfection end step of shutting off the steam supply and lifting the steam soil sterilizer to remove;  A plurality of steam ejection holes 112 are formed at the side of the pipe body 111, and have a needle shape having a sharp tip 113 so as to penetrate into the soil well, and vertically below the pipe frame 12 below. A plurality of steam injection needle 11 is attached; Providing the structural strength necessary to press the steam injection needles 11 into the soil, the pipe frame made by connecting the pipes of a predetermined size to each other in the form of a frame so as to supply steam to each steam injection needle 11, (12); And, attached to the center of the upper surface of the pipe frame 12, the steam supply pipe 13, which receives steam from the boiler; Consists of including, to disinfect the soil by spouting high-temperature steam inside the soil, steam soil sterilizer. The method of claim 2, wherein the steam soil sterilizer 10,  It is installed along the circumference of the pipe frame 12, characterized in that it further comprises a safety skirt 14 made in the form of a corrugated barrel using a stretchable material, steam soil sterilizer. The method of claim 2, The steam injection needle 11, the pipe body 111 is configured by connecting a plurality of short pipes in a way that can be combined and disassembled, each short pipe that has a plurality of steam ejection holes 112 on the side Steam soil sterilizer characterized in that. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, The steam injection needle 11 has a plurality of steam jet holes 112 are formed along the circumference of the pipe at the same height of the pipe body 111, these steam jet holes are formed along the length of the pipe body 111 It is provided with a stage of; And, characterized in that the conical protection pin 114 is further provided around the steam jet hole 112 of one stage, steam soil sterilizer. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, A limit switch 15 attached to the steam supply pipe 13; And a control valve 16 is operated in conjunction with the limit switch; In addition, the steam supply pipe 13 is lowered by a certain height so that the steam injection needle 11 is fully pressurized in the soil limit switch 15 detects this and opens the control valve 16 to open the steam injection needle ( 11) When the steam is supplied to the steam supply pipe 13 and the steam supply pipe 13 rises by a predetermined height and the steam injection needle 11 begins to be extracted from the soil, the limit switch 15 detects this and closes the control valve 16 to inject steam. Steam soil sterilizer, characterized in that further provided with a function to block the steam supply to the needle (11).

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