KR20090068365A - Constant velocity ball joint in the form of a counter track joint - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a constant velocity ball joint (1) in the nature of a counter track joint, with first and second track pairs (14, 15) which form an opposite opening angle (W1, W2), wherein the first track pairs (14) are provided with a track inflection point (P1) and the second track pairs (15) each form a second track centreline (L2) which has a path other than a singular circular path in a section (19) between the central joint plane (E1) and the connection side (3).

Description

Constant velocity ball joint in the form of a counter track joint}

The present invention relates to a counter track joint anchoring joint having the features of claim 1.

The joint typically has an outer joint, an inner joint, a plurality of torque transmission balls and a cage. The counter track joint is characterized in that the track pairs of different designs are formed of an outer joint part and an inner joint part which form an opening angle on opposite sides of the constant velocity ball joint.

Counter track joints of this type are described in principle in DE 102 20 711 A1 which describes in principle a joint with six balls or eight balls. The type of the ball track here essentially corresponds to the type known from the Rzeppa joint and the undercut-free joing. This means that the center line of the ball track consists of the same radius (RF joint) or the radius and parallax line (UF joint).

In the counter track joint described above, the axial opening direction of the track pairs changes along its periphery, leading to the type of counter track joint in question. However, exceeding this joint angle limits the joint angle of conventional counter track joints such as these to about 45 ° because the first ball deviates from the first track pair of the joint joint plane.

In addition, DE 103 37 612 A1 indicates that when the joint is bent, the track centerline of the first pair of tracks (the opening angle in which the direction of the opening point faces downward of the joint when the joint is extended) is determined to have a predetermined joint angle. Disclosed is a ball track joint designed to have a direction of opening opposite to. This means that the track centerline of the ball tracks of the first track pair is S-shape so that each bending point is provided.

DE 100 60 220 A1 discloses, among others, a counter track joint in which the center line of the first outer ball track close to the joint opening has a bending point such that the center line of the first outer ball track is in the S-shape. Viewed bilaterally, the centerline of the first inner ball track of the inner joint portion is also the same. Therefore, the maximum joint angle of these counter track joints will be further increased.

Finally, reference WO 2006/048032 discloses a counter track joint with a track deflection point. In the case of the counter track joint described therein, in particular, the purpose is to reduce the friction between the ball cage and the outer or inner joint part. For this purpose, it has been proposed that the track centerline of each first track pair has a bend point and the center angle at the bend point associated with the center joint plane is at least 4 degrees. This ensures that the joint will act as a counter track join for its useful life. The service life operation is considered to be operated within the service life angle to reach the service life of the joint without damage under variable loads.

However, certain applications, such as constant velocity ball joints, are subject to high loads. For example, a suspension travel larger than a normal suspension travel occurs where a certain joint angle is installed such that a certain joint angle is achieved by the constant velocity ball joint even when the vehicle is not turning. For these specific applications, it is important to provide a large joint angle on the one hand, but on the other hand it is important to ensure useful life even where the joint angle changes within a wide range of angles.

In view of this object of the present invention, the above-described problems described in connection with the prior art can be partially solved. In particular, a constant velocity ball joint will be disclosed in which the constant velocity ball joint can be reliably and continuously operated with a large joint angle. In this case, in particular, the constant velocity ball joint will follow low heat generation during operation and quiet driving, and small design standards.

These objects are achieved by a constant velocity ball joint according to the features of claim 1 or an outer joint with the features of claim 11 and an inner joint according to the features of claim 12. Embodiments having the advantages of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims. It should be recalled that the features listed individually in the claims are combined in a technically practicable manner and that other embodiments of the invention may be incorporated. Moreover, the preferred developments of the invention are described and described with features in the detailed description so as to be inferred from them.

The constant velocity ball joint according to the invention has the following features:

An outer joint with a connecting side, an opening side, a cavity bounded by an inner surface, a first outer ball track, and a second outer ball track extending on the inner surface between the connecting side and the opening side,

An inner joint part located in the cavity of the outer joint part and having connecting means for the shaft extending in the direction of the opening side of the outer joint part, a first inner ball track and a second inner ball track extending on the outer surface,

A ball for each track pair, and

A cage having a plurality of cage windows, each arranged in a cavity between the outer and inner joints, each receiving at least one ball,

On the one hand the first outer ball track and the first inner ball track each form a first track pair, on the other hand the second outer ball track and the second inner ball track each form a second track pair,

When the constant velocity ball joint is not articulated, the first pair of tracks forms a first opening angle in the center joint plane associated with the connecting side of the outer joint part, and the second pair of tracks is connected to the opening side of the outer joint part. Forming a second opening angle in the associated center joint plane,

The first pair of tracks each form a first track centerline with a first bend point,

The second track pairs each form a second track centerline with a passage different from the circular passage in the center joint plane and the connection side section.

In particular, the constant velocity ball joint is a so-called counter track joint type joint. In particular here, all of the descriptions contained in the Introduction and the description contained therein to define the counter track joint can be used.

With regard to the outer joint part, it should be kept in mind that it is usually a bell-shaped design, the side from which the cavity can be reached is called the opening side, and the opposite side is called the connecting side.

While the cavity has a shape that essentially coincides with the bell, an even number of outer ball tracks, such as six, eight, ten or twelve, are arranged on the inner surface, preferably six or eight ball tracks. do. These ball tracks are inserted in the form of recesses in the outer joint, starting from the cavity. It should now be taken into account that these ball tracks have two different designs, which is why it is called a first outer ball track and a second outer ball track. It is preferred that the design is such that the first ball track and the second ball track are selectively arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer joint portion.

In general, the inner joint part is designed in the form of a hub, for example provided in the central area with an opening into which the shaft can be inserted for transmitting torque. This opening here is also provided for making a keyway connection or the like on the shaft. Moreover, the inner joint has a relatively complex outer surface, in which the ball tracks extending in the axial direction extend. Multiple inner ball tracks correspond to multiple outer ball tracks, and the relative combination of the first and second ball tracks is also clearly predetermined.

If the inner joint part is now positioned locally in the cavity of the outer joint part so that the constant velocity joint is not articulated (joint angle = 0 °), then the outer joint part on the one hand and the length axis of the ball track on the other hand It can be seen in the plane of the different parts over, that is, the first outer ball track and the first inner ball track each form a track pair, likewise the second outer ball track and the second inner ball track each form a track pair do. In other words, a constant velocity ball joint that is not articulated may also be described as having or extending an axis aligned with the outer joint portion and the shaft.

In this counter track joint, a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the outer joint part now running along the center of the joint has to be taken into account. The tangent to the point of the ball track of the center joint plane here forms the so-called opening angle. The "opening angle" especially relates to the direction in which the angle is opened. It is described herein that the first track pair forms an opening angle with respect to the connecting side, and the second track pair forms an opening angle with respect to the opening side.

Moreover, these pairs of tracks each hold balls carrying torque. In principle, the term "ball" is used to generically refer to all suitable torque carriers. A cage located between the outer joint and the inner joint provides at least temporarily during operation of the joint to guide the ball to the track pair. The cage typically has as many cage windows as will accommodate the balls, but many, in particular two balls, can be placed in the cage window.

In order to achieve very large joint angles, the first track pair is now provided with first bending points associated with these track centerlines. In particular, the track centerline adopts the S shape. This in particular ensures that the material of the outer joint part close to the opening side is removed and that the ball can remain in contact with the inner region of the outer joint part which traverses at a larger joint angle.

At this particularly large joint angle, the balls of the first track pair are disposed almost outward, where there is a corresponding very large internal displacement of the balls in the second track pair. In this case, the occurrence of noise is increased, or even the risk of component damage is sometimes observed in conventional constant velocity ball joints in the durability range even under high loads.

In order to improve this, it is proposed according to the invention that the second track pair form a second track centerline with a passage different from the (single) circular passage in the center joint plane and the connecting interlateral section, respectively. This invention in particular ensures that the second track centerline is employed in this area so as to correspond to the shape of the first track pair close to the opening side. In others, this means that, as necessary, as the outer joint extends close to the opening side, correspondingly increasing the depth of the exterior, in particular opposite the other ball track, takes place in the region of the connecting side. For this purpose, the passage of the track centerline along a single circular passage close to the connecting side of the outer joint part according to the conventional constant velocity ball joint can be changed in this way. It is possible here for at least one other bend radius and / or one other straight section to form part of the track centerline of this section. In particular, this ensures that the decrease in the outer ball track depth is reduced in the direction of the connecting side and stops or even (partly) changes in increasing depth.

In such a connection, it is preferred for the second track centerline to have a first arc section with a first bend radius and a second arc section with a second bend radius in this section. Thus, variants are designed here which are designed without straight sections, in particular having exactly two different arc sections. In this case, the first arc section preferably extends beyond the center joint plane and the second bend radius section is connected tangentially.

In this connection, a variant is particularly preferred in which the second bending radius of the second arc section is larger than the first bending radius. It is assumed here, in particular, that the bend radius has the same orientation and that the bend section looks concave on one side of the second track centerline.

However, it is also possible for the second arc section to have a second bend radius with an orientation different from the first bend radius. Thus, the second track centerline in this section has a concave and convex section. In this particular case, it is preferable that the second bend radius is smaller than the first bend radius.

According to a preferred embodiment of the constant velocity ball joint, it is proposed in this section that the second track centerline has a first arc section and a straight section having at least a first bending radius. Under certain circumstances it will be easier to manufacture such a straight section by the continuous manufacture of such constant velocity ball joints while at the same time ensuring the positive effects of larger ball contact angles and / or larger track depths.

In this case, the straight section must in particular be connected tangentially to the first arc section.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the first short distance point and the joint center of the first track center line form the first shortest distance, and the second short distance point of the second track center line and the joint center form the second shortest distance, Maintain:

0.95 <2nd shortest distance / 1st shortest distance <1.0

If this ratio is maintained, an appropriate contact angle of the outer joint around the ball can be ensured, especially at the second outer ball track, even at the maximum joint angle. The short-range point of each track centerline is located at the point where a circle surrounding the center of the joint with the minimum radius forms a single tangent point (= short-range point) with each track centerline. A corresponding ratio is given for each baseline of the outer ball track.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the constant velocity ball joint has at least two partial sections in which the second track centerline of the section has a constant passage, wherein the first partial section connected to the center joint plane is a second close to the connecting side of the outer joint part. Smaller than partial section This in particular represents the joint angle which will cause a change in the second track centerline.

More preferably, the second partial section begins to approach the connecting side of the ball area when the opposing balls are located at the bending point of the first outer ball track. More preferably, the second partial section is at least twice as large as the first partial section.

The constant velocity ball joints described herein according to the invention are preferably used in motor vehicles.

As already described, the present invention can be practiced on correspondingly characterized component parts and parts, since the track centerline is essentially determined by the contours of the outer and inner joint parts.

Thus, another feature of the invention is a constant velocity ball joint, in particular a connecting side, an opening side, a cavity bounded by an inner surface, a first outer ball track, and a second extending on the inner surface between the connecting side and the opening side. With an outer ball track for a constant velocity ball joint of the type described herein according to the invention with an outer ball track, the first outer tangent on the first outer ball track is defined by the first length axis of the outer joint section relative to the connecting side. Form a third opening angle in the central joint plane having a second outer tangent on the second outer ball track and forming a fourth opening angle in the central joint plane having a first length axis of the outer joint portion associated with the opening side; The second outer ball track forms a second outer fillet with a passage different from the circular passage in the center joint plane and the connecting interlateral section, respectively.

While descriptions relating to constant velocity ball joints are made, due to the opposing ball tracks of a pair of planar track pairs in the center of the joint, only the tangent in the outer axis of the outer joint and the longitudinal axis of the outer joint is considered here. In this case, the second opening angle usually does not coincide with the first opening angle, but shows an independent characteristic of the outer joint portion. Also for illustrative purposes, it is shown that the lumber line is related to the ball center, in particular when passing through the track baseline, which is associated with the track baseline or a line parallel thereto.

A further feature of the invention is also described herein according to the invention with connecting means for the shaft running in the direction of the opening side of the outer joint and a first inner ball track and a second inner ball track extending on the outer surface. And an inner joint for the constant velocity ball joint of the present invention, wherein the first inner tangent on the first inner ball track defines a fifth opening angle in a central joint plane having a second length axis of the inner joint portion associated with the connecting side and And a second internal tangent on the second inner ball track defines a sixth opening angle in a center joint plane having a second length axis associated with the opening side, the second inner ball track respectively having a center joint plane and an opening side section. Form a second inner fillet with a circular passageway and another passageway.

In principle, since such a joint deflects, opposite sides of the outer and inner joint portions come into contact with the ball, here it is described that the passage of the ridgeline associated with the inner joint portion is essentially mirror symmetrical with that of the outer joint portion. Doing. Also in this connection, the isolines of the outer and inner joints are needed because smaller deflections are required to achieve sufficient tolerances or clearance for the balls in the pair of tracks during operation of such constant velocity ball joints under certain circumstances, if necessary. It should be taken into account that it does not overlap with sufficient mirror symmetry.

The present invention and more detailed related art are further described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the drawings show more preferred embodiments that do not particularly limit the scope of the invention.

1 shows, in principle, the structure of a constant velocity ball joint in the form of a counter track joint.

2 shows an embodiment of a constant velocity ball joint according to the invention with an articulated inner joint.

3 is a detailed view of FIG. 2.

Figure 4 is a top view showing an embodiment of a constant velocity ball joint according to the present invention.

5 is a cross-sectional view over the outer joint shown in FIG. 4.

6 is a cross-sectional view through the inner joint shown in FIG. 4.

7 is a top view showing another embodiment of the constant velocity ball joint.

8 is a cross-sectional view over the outer joint shown in FIG. 7.

9 is a cross-sectional view through the inner joint shown in FIG. 7.

10 is a view illustrating an outer joint part according to another exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a detailed view of a portion of FIG. 10.

12 is a detailed view of a portion of FIG. 10.

13 is a top view of another embodiment of a constant velocity ball joint.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view over the constant velocity ball joint shown in FIG. 13. FIG.

15 is a cross-sectional view through the cage of the embodiment.

16 is a top view of another embodiment of a constant velocity ball joint.

17 is a cross-sectional view over the outer joint shown in FIG. 16.

18 is a cross-sectional view through the inner joint shown in FIG. 16.

19 is a top view of another embodiment of a constant velocity ball joint.

20 is a cross-sectional view through the outer joint shown in FIG. 19.

FIG. 21 is a cross sectional view through the inner joint shown in FIG. 19; FIG.

<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>

1: constant velocity ball joint, 2: outer joint part,

3: connection side, 4: opening side,

5: inner surface, 6: cavity,

7: first external ball track, 8: second external ball track,

9: inner joint part, 10: shaft,

11: outer surface, 12: first inner ball track,

13: second internal ball track, 14: first track pair,

15: second track pair, 16: ball,

17: cage, 18: cage window,

19: section, 20: first part section,

21: second part section, 22: car,

E1: center joint plane, E2: first track plane,

E3: second track plane, D1: first distance,

D2: second distance, D3: offset,

D4: width, L1: first track centerline,

L2: 2nd track center line, L3: 1st arc section,

L4: second arc section, L5: straight section,

L6: third arc section, L7: first external tangent,

L8: second external tangent, L9: first internal tangent,

L10: second internal tangent, L11: first length axis,

L12; Second length axis, L13; First outer ridge,

L14; Second outer fillet, L15: first inner fillet,

L16: second inner ridge, W1: first opening angle,

W2: second opening angle, W3: maximum joint angle,

W4: half joint angle, W5: contact angle,

W6: third opening angle, W7: fourth opening angle,

W8: fifth opening angle, W9: sixth opening angle,

WL5: Angular section E3-L5 of the second track centerline,

WR2: angular section E3-R2 of the second track centerline,

WR4: Angular section E2-R4 of the first track centerline,

P1: first bending point, P2: joint center,

P3: first short distance point, P4: first angle center,

P5: center of second angle, P6: second short distance point,

R1: first bend radius, R2: second bend radius,

R3: third bend radius, R4: fourth bend radius,

R5: fifth bending radius, R6: sixth bending radius.

Firstly, FIG. 1 is provided to explain the fundamental structure of the constant velocity ball joint 1. This component has an outer joint 2 and balls 16, a cage 17, and an inner joint 9 which can be connected to the shaft 10 if necessary. The torques are transmitted by the balls 16 from the inner ball track to the outer ball track.

The outer joint part 2 shown is inherently characterized with respect to the connecting side 3 and the opening side 4. The cavity 6, which has an essentially bell shaped design, extends from the opening side 4 of the outer joint part 2 to the inner region. In addition, a number of outer ball tracks are integrated on the inner surface 5 of the outer joint part 2, and two different types of ball tracks are shown, similar to the counter track joint, as described in detail below. Is provided. However, it is already clearly stated here that the cut outer ball tracks of the outer joint part 2 have different fillets at the top and bottom.

Moreover, the inner joint 9 is arranged in the cavity 6 when assembled. Thus, the ball tracks referred to herein as "inner" ball tracks are correspondingly integrated on the outer surface 11, which is now formed in the direction of the outer joint 2. The inner joint 9 is arranged such that the first outer ball track and the first inner ball track radially oppose each other to form the first track pair 14. Since the outer and inner joint portions have the same structure for the first and second ball tracks, the same implementation applies to the second track pair 15 as well.

The orientation of the opening angle of each track pair is now used to characterize the so-called counter track joint. In the extended position of the constant velocity ball joint 1 (as shown here with joint angle = 0 °), the first pair of tracks 14 (shown above) are connected to the connecting side 3 of the outer joint part 2. The first opening angle W1 is formed in the center joint plane E1 until now. On the other hand, the second track pair 15 (shown below) forms a second opening angle W2 in the center joint plane E1 up to the opening side 4 of the outer joint part 2. The opposite orientation of such opening angles W1, W2 causes the force acting on the ball 16 to act on the one hand to the connecting side 3 and on the other to the opening side 4. This provides stabilization of the passageway for moving and guiding the ball 16 without overloading the cage 17.

If the inner joint 9 is offset, for example by the shaft 10, the center of the ball moves to the track center of each track pair. In this case, the first track center line L1 is defined as the first track pair 14, and the second track center line L2 is shown as the second track pair 15 at the bottom of FIG. 1. The detailed description of the section close to the connecting side 3 of the second track centerline L2 is included in the following description.

2 shows such a constant velocity ball joint 1 in an offset position. In particular, the position estimated by the element of the constant velocity ball joint 1 when the maximum joint angle W3 is reached is shown here. At the maximum joint angle W3 there is in particular contact between the shaft 10 and the outer joint 2. Here, in particular, it is ensured that the ball 16 is still safely guided to the mentioned ball track. Thus, the change in the joint angle formed between the first length axis L11 of the outer joint part 2 and the second length axis L12 of the inner joint part 9 now causes the ball 16 to move to the ball track. . The ball 16 shown at the top is driven by the first outer ball track 7 of the outer joint part 2, the first inner ball track 12 of the inner circumferential joint part 9, and, if necessary, the cage 17. The location guided by the cage window 18 for receiving the balls 16 is shown. On the opposite side of the joint, a ball 16 is required by the second outer ball track 8 of the outer joint part 2 and the corresponding second inner ball track 13 of the inner joint part 9 and as necessary. The case is correspondingly guided by a cage 17.

Modifications to the prior art can be understood by the designation III. As can be seen, the second track centerline has a single circular passage and another passage in the section 19 between the center joint plane E1 and the connecting side 3. Here, the passage of the second outer ball track 8 or the second inner ball track 13 along the circular passage is indicated by dotted lines.

The effect achieved by the present invention is particularly evident from FIG. 3. The contact of the ball 16 shown here was changed by changing the passage of the second outer ball track 8 so that the contact angle W5 is increased. In particular, the contact angles of the first and second outer ball tracks satisfy the condition 0,85 <second contact angle W5 / first contact angle <1,0. This in particular improves the lateral guidance of the ball 16 which results in the advantage that high torque is delivered at very large joint angles.

Although other means for increasing the depth of the outer ball track are generally known, the solution of the present invention has a number of advantages. For example, the radius of the second track centerline over a complex range may be increased. However, this means that the so-called radial offset of the radial center causes adjustment of the second track centerline near the opening side, but eventually larger joints will ensure sufficient wall thickness of the outer joint portion. In order to further prevent instability and provide a joint with a very high endurance range, the proposed non-circular movement of the second track centerline (and corresponding baseline) in a given section is preferred.

Fig. 4 shows a top view as seen from the opening side of the constant velocity ball joint. The constant velocity ball joint is disposed between the first track pair 14 and the second track pair 15 and includes an inner joint portion 9 and an outer joint portion 2 that are spaced at regular intervals from each other. The balls 16 located in the track pairs are held in place by the cage 17. The constant velocity ball joint 1 of the embodiment shown here is a joint composed of six track pairs such that the first track pair 14 and the second track pair 15 face each other. The outer joint part 2 and the inner joint part 9 have been described with reference to the following two figures.

FIG. 5 shows a cross section through the plane represented by V-V in FIG. 4. In this cross section, the outer joint part 2 has a first outer ball track 7 at the top and a second outer ball track 8 at the bottom. The second track center line L2, in which the structure is shown in detail, is shown at a distance from the track base of the second outer ball track 8. The second track center line L2 has essentially an S shape in which three arc sections are identical, and the sections communicate with each other. Here, from the joint center P2, the first convex third arc section L6 is formed, followed by the first arc section L3, followed by the second arc section L4. The wrist can be applied in the direction of the connecting side 3 at the opening side 4 of the outer joint 2. Also, from the joint center P2, a convex third arc section L6 having a third bending radius R3 is first formed here. The next first arc section L3 has a first bend radius R1, thus forming a concave first arc section L3 extending beyond the central joint plane E1. In this case, the first bend radius R1 is larger in quantity but is located in a direction different from the third bend radius R3. The part of the second track centerline L2 extending into the area between the center joint plane E1 and the connecting side 3 is divided into a first part section 20 and a second part section 21. In the first partial section 20, the second track centerline L2 still has the first bend radius R1. Next comes the second arc section L4, which is concave and spans the second partial section 21 with the second bend radius R2. In this case, the second bending radius R2 is quantitatively larger than the first bending radius R1.

The opposing first track center line L1 also has a similar structure. From the opening side 4, the first track centerline L1 comprises an arc section convex with respect to the joint center P2 with the bend radius R4 together with two concave arc sections with the bend radius R5 and the bend radius R6. . The first track center line L1 is thus designed to have a first bend point P1 at that location schematically shown.

6 shows a corresponding inner joint 9. The arc section associated with the inner joint part 9 essentially corresponds to the structure of the outer joint part 2 but is designed in mirror symmetry because of the mutual twisting of the constant velocity ball joint. If the second track center line L2 is taken into account, for example, if the arrangement of the arc sections starts at the opening side 4, initially the second bend radius R2, then the first bend radius R1 and finally the first The three bend radii R3 each form an arc section of the second track centerline L2. The first track center line L1 is again shown on the opposite side. It is now formed from the opening side 4 which initially has a sixth bend radius R6, then a fifth bend radius R5 and finally a fourth bend radius R4.

The invention has now been described with reference to a constant velocity ball joint with six track pairs, and FIG. 7 shows a corresponding structure in the case of a constant velocity ball joint 1 with eight track pairs. The basic arrangement of the outer joint part 2, the cage 17 and the inner joint part 9 is shown again in FIG. 7. The first track pair 14 and the second track pair 15 are formed so that they are no longer directly opposite each other, but because of the even number of other pairs of tracks they are offset to either position. In order to describe the structure of the first track pair 14 and the second track pair 15 in the figure, the section over this constant velocity ball joint 1 is angled as shown in FIG.

8 shows the corresponding outer joint part 2. Similar to the counter track joint, the tangent L7 together with the first length axis L11 is the third opening angle towards the connecting side 3 at the intersection of the first counter line L13 with the center joint plane E1. To form (W6). Similarly, the opposing second fillet line L14, with the tangent at the intersection with the first length axis L11 and the center joint plane E1, has a fourth opening angle W7 opening towards the opening side 3. Form.

In the embodiment described here, the second curve L14 does not form three arc sections, but from the opening side 3, the third arc section L6, the first arc section L3 and The straight section L5 is formed.

The structure of the outer fillet L13 here essentially corresponds to that of the first track centerline shown in FIG. 5, so that three arc sections are formed here again.

With respect to bend radii R3 and R4 and bend radii R4, R5 and R6, the first and second angular centers P4 and P5 can be determined on the first length axis L11, which are at mutual offsets D3. These angular centers P4, P5 are arranged with respect to the joint center P2, in particular on one side.

The first concentric line L13 and the second concentric line L14 essentially correspond to the first track center line L1 and the second track center line L2 formed in the constant velocity ball joint 1, but here the ball in the pair of tracks. There is a small difference as to the amount required to set the prescribed free space of (16). For this reason, there is a slight difference in the bend radius here.

Again a corresponding image shown in FIG. 9 is created with the inner joint part 9. Here, it can be seen that the mirror symmetry structure of the first inner ridge line L15 is related to the first outer ridge line L13 and the mirror symmetry structure of the second inner ridge line L16 is associated with the second outer ridge line L14. . The first inner tangent L9 and the second inner tangent L10 are each oriented in a different direction with the second length axis L12 of the inner joint 9, that is, the same of the outer joint 2. The opening angles in the track pair form respective fifth opening angles W8 and sixth opening angles W9 that are mirror symmetric. With regard to the second inner ridgeline L16 shown at the bottom, the straight section L2, the first arc section L3 and the third arc section L6 follow the opening side 4 with each other. As already described with reference to FIG. 6, the first inner fillet L15 with the other arc sections seen from the opening side 4 is shown oppositely.

10 shows a cross-sectional view of a constant velocity ball joint again. All components located in the cavity 6 of the outer joint part 2 have been removed. This figure shows the first shortest distance D1 from the joint center P2 to the first short distance point P3 of the first track center line L2 and the half position of the maximum joint angle W4 at the joint center P2. The second shortest distance D2 to the second short distance point P6 of the second track center line L2 is shown. In relation to the first shortest distance D1 and the second shortest distance D2, in particular, a ratio of 0.95 <D2 / D1 <1.0 may be applied.

The part labeled XI in FIG. 10 is again shown in detail in FIG. 11. In particular, a first short distance point P3 is shown here associated with a first track center line L11 which defines a first shortest distance D1 having a joint center P2.

The part labeled XII in FIG. 10 is again shown in detail in FIG. 12. In particular there is shown a second short distance point P6 of the ball (not shown) having a half joint angle W4 from the center joint plane E1. Moreover, it is shown in FIG. 12 that the first outer ball track 8 is designed with recesses at points opposite to the conventional variants indicated by shading.

13 and 14 again show the composite structure of the constant velocity ball joint 1 comprising the outer joint part 2, the cage 17 and the inner joint part 9, in which eight track pairs are formed. The same pair of tracks are formed here so as to be opposite to each other as shown in cross section XIV-XIV in FIG. 14. In this indication, only the first track pairs 14 are formed at the top and the bottom. To show the cage 17, another section XV-XV is shown perpendicular to the first length axis of the outer joint part 2 over the joint center P2 of FIG. 15. In this embodiment, the cage 17 comprises eight windows 18 having a width D4, so that only one ball 16 is guided in pairs of tracks at the same time (FIG. 15).

16-21 are provided to describe the following effective sizes and ratios associated with such constant velocity ball joints that can be at least realized in yet another embodiment of the present invention. 16 to 18 substantially correspond to the embodiment shown in Figs. 4 to 6, and the embodiment of Figs. 19 to 21 substantially correspond to the embodiment shown in Figs. Some reference numerals or sizes given below in the above mentioned figures are provided with additional letters or other ellipses to indicate the relevant joint portions, in particular "o" relates to the outer joint portion and "i" to the inner joint portion. Related.

PCD A: Pitch Circle Diameter first track pairs

PCD B: Pitch Circle Diameter second track pairs

Other parameters: Refer to reference list

Outer joint part:

0,5 <PCD A / R4 (o) <1,5

3,4 <PCD A / R6 (o) <4,2

0,5 <PCD A / R3 (o) <1,5

0,7 <PCD A / R2 (o) <2,0

6,0 <PCD A / D3 (o) <9,0

2,6 <PCD A / D4 <3,2

8 ° <WR4 (o) <14 °

6 ° <WR2 (o) <10 °

13 ° <WR6 (o) <17 °

17 ° <WL5 (o) <21 °

Inner joint part:

0,5 <PCD A / R4 (i) <1,5

3,4 <PCD A / R6 (i) <4,2

0,5 <PCD A / R3 (i) <1,5

0,7 <PCD A / R2 (i) <2,0

6,0 <PCD A / D3 (i) <9,0

8 ° <WR4 (i) <14 °

6 ° <WR2 (i) <10 °

13 ° <WR6 (i) <17 °

17 ° <WL5 (i) <21 °

Different track PCDs of the first and second track pairs

0,9 <PCD A / PCD B <1,1

Similar to the counter track joint, the constant velocity ball joint according to the invention has first and second track pairs that form opposing opening angles, the first track pairs being provided with a track bend point and the second track pair They each form a second track centerline with a passage different from the circular passage in the center joint plane and the connecting interlateral section.

Claims (12)

The connecting side 3, the opening side 4, the cavity 6 bounded by the inner surface 5, the first outer ball track 7, and the interior between the connecting side 3 and the opening side 4. Outer joint 2 with a second outer ball track 8 extending on the surface 5, Connecting means for the shaft 10 located in the cavity 6 of the outer joint part 2 and extending in the direction of the opening side 4 of the outer joint part 2 and extending on the outer surface 11. An inner joint 9 with a first inner ball track 12 and a second inner ball track 13, Balls 16 of each pair of tracks 14, 15, and A cage 17 disposed in the cavity 6 between the outer joint portion 2 and the inner joint portion 9, each having a plurality of cage windows 18 for receiving at least one ball 16, and , On the one hand the first outer ball track 7 and the first inner ball track 12 each form a first track pair 14, on the other hand the second outer ball track 8 and the second inner ball. Tracks 13 each form a second track pair 15, If the constant velocity ball joint 1 is not articulated, the first pair of tracks 14 may have a first opening angle W1 at the central joint plane E1 associated with the connecting side 3 of the outer joint part 2. And the second track pair 15 forms a second opening angle W2 at the center joint plane E1 associated with the opening side 4 of the outer joint part 2, The first track pair 14 is a constant velocity ball joint 1 forming a first track center line L1 having a first bending point P1, respectively. Said second track pairs 15 form a second track centerline L2 having a passage different from the circular passage in the section 19 between the center joint plane E1 and the connecting side 3, respectively. Constant velocity ball joint. The method of claim 1, The second track center line L2 has a first arc section L3 having a first bending radius R1 and a second arc section L4 having a second bending radius R2 in the section 19. Constant velocity ball joint characterized by the above-mentioned. The method of claim 2, The second arc section (L4) is a constant velocity ball joint, characterized in that it has a second bending radius (R2) larger than the first bending radius (R1). The method of claim 2, The second arc section (L4) is a constant velocity ball joint, characterized in that it has a second bending radius (R2) having a different orientation than the first bending radius (R1). The method of claim 4, wherein The second arc section (L4) is a constant velocity ball joint, characterized in that it has a second bending radius (R2) less than the first bending radius (R1). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, The second track center line (L2) is a constant velocity ball joint, characterized in that in the section (19) has a first arc section (L3) and a straight section (L5) having a first bending radius (R1). The method of claim 4, wherein The constant velocity ball joint, characterized in that the straight section (L5) is connected tangentially to the first arc section (L3). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, The first short distance point P1 of the first track center line L1 and the joint center P2 form a first shortest distance D1, and the joint with the second short distance point P6 of the second track center line L2. The center P2 forms the second shortest distance D2, A constant velocity ball joint, characterized by maintaining a ratio of 0.95 <2nd shortest distance D2 / 1st shortest distance D1 <1.0. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, The second track center line L2 has at least two partial sections with constant passages in the section 19, and the first partial section 20, which is connected to the central joint plane E1, has an outer joint part 2. A constant velocity ball joint, characterized in that it is smaller than the second part section 21 close to the connecting side 3. An automobile (22) characterized by having at least one constant velocity ball joint (1) according to any one of the preceding claims. In the outer joint part 2 for the constant velocity ball joint 1 according to any one of the preceding claims, The connecting side 3, the opening side 4, the cavity 6 bounded by the inner surface 5, the first outer ball track 7, and the interior between the connecting side 3 and the opening side 4. With a second outer ball track extending on the surface 5, The first outer tangent L7 on the first outer ball track 7 is the third opening angle of the central joint plane E1 with the first length axis L11 of the outer joint part associated with the connecting side 3. W6), and the second outer tangent L8 on the second outer ball track 8 has a center joint having a first length axis L12 of the outer joint part 2 associated with the opening side 4; Forms a fourth opening angle W7 of the plane E1, The second outer ball track 7 is characterized in that it forms a second outer fillet L14 with a passage different from the circular passage in the section 19 between the center joint plane E1 and the connecting side 3, respectively. External joint part. In the inner joint part 9 for the constant velocity ball joint 1 according to claim 1, Connecting means for the shaft 10 extending in the direction of the opening side 4 of the outer joint part 2, and a first inner ball track 12 and a second inner ball track extending on the outer surface 11. 13) The first inner tangent L9 on the first inner ball track 12 is the fifth of the center joint plane E1 with the second length axis L13 of the inner joint 9 associated with the connecting side 3. A second inner tangent L10 on the second inner ball track 13, which forms an opening angle W8, is of a central joint plane E1 having a second length axis L13 associated with the opening side 4. A second inner ball track 13 having a sixth opening angle W9, the second inner ball track 13 having a passage different from the circular passage in the section 19 between the central joint plane E1 and the opening side 3, respectively; An inner joint part, which forms a wick line L16.

Images