KR20080064550A - Trash incineration system - Google Patents

Abstract

A waste incineration system is provided to effectively utilize heat generated from waste when the waste is burned in the waste incineration system while restricting discharge of dioxin. A waste incineration system(100) comprises an incinerator, a waste input unit(102), a carbonization gas discharge unit(103), an ash convey unit(104), a pneumatic damper(105), an ignition burner(106), an oil storage tank, a cooling air blower(108), a carbonization air blower(109), and an auxiliary blower(110). The incinerator includes an outer wall made from ion steel, an insulating layer, and a refractor layer. Waste is input into the incinerator through the waste input unit. Oil is supplied from the oil storage tank and the ignition burner burns the waste by supplying flame to the oil.

Description

Waste Incineration System {Trash Incineration System}

1 is a view schematically showing the configuration of the waste incineration system of the present invention.

2 is a view schematically showing a process in which waste is treated by the waste incineration system of the present invention.

** Brief description of symbols in the drawing **

100 Incineration Plant 101 Dry Incinerator

102 Waste input means 103 Dry gas discharge means

104 Refeed Unit 105 Pneumatic Damper

106 Ignition Burner 107 Diesel Oil Storage Tank

108 Cooling air blower 109 Dry air blower

110 carbonized auxiliary blower

200 Cooling plant 201 Primary combustion chamber

202 Secondary combustion chamber 203 Heat exchanger

204 Means of combustion heat 205 Combustion air blower

206 Combustion Burner 207 Cyclone

300 flue gas treatment plant

301 Lime lime feeder 302 Hydrogen chloride feeder

303 bag filter

400 Ventilation 401 Manned Blower

402 chimney

The present invention relates to a waste incineration system, and more specifically, to an incineration plant that generates dry gas by incomplete combustion of waste, a cooling facility that uses the heat generated by burning dry gas generated in a dry gas in two stages, and cooling. A general waste or specific waste incineration system comprising a combustion gas treatment plant for purifying dried dry gas and a ventilation system for discharging the final treated gas to the outside.

In the conventional incinerator, waste incineration facilities are divided into direct incinerators and dry distillation incinerators according to the incineration method. Direct combustion incinerators burn heat by supplying heat and air into the furnace, and the waste is burned with a flame in the furnace.

However, since the direct incinerator burns the waste surface during incineration, it is difficult to completely burn out the waste fire. Therefore, a large amount of smoke, odor and dust are generated. do.

In order to solve the problems of the direct incinerator, in recent years, a dry distillation incinerator has been used to incinerate waste by supplying heat and air such that the waste does not cause flame in the furnace and can be combusted.

Incineration by dry-burning incineration is the combustible gasification of the waste and the combustion of the combustible gas in the combustion chamber, so that the waste can be completely burned and does not generate secondary pollution such as soot, odor or dust.

Such dry incinerators can not only incinerate wastes without generating soot, odor or dust, but also waste heat generated during incineration can be utilized for hot water production or power generation, and various waste incineration systems using the same have been developed. .

Conventional waste incineration system using a dry burning incinerator is usually composed of a dry burning incinerator and a high temperature pyrolysis device for secondary combustion, in spite of the advantages of the dry burning incinerator as described above, it is insufficient to fully utilize the waste heat generated during incineration. There was this.

In addition, dioxins and their precursors, which are environmentally problematic in recent years, are generated by high temperature thermochemical reactions during waste incineration, and have a problem of being discharged without pyrolysis or oxidative decomposition.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to efficiently use the heat generated during incineration of waste, and to effectively suppress the release of harmful substances such as dioxins generated during incineration. To provide a waste incineration system.

The present invention is a waste incineration device composed of a dry distillation incineration facility, a cooling facility, a combustion gas treatment facility and a ventilation facility, wherein the dry distillation incineration facility is composed of a waste input means, a dry distillation incinerator, a re-transport means, and a dry gas discharge means. Consists of a primary combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber, a heat exchanger and a cyclone, and the combustion gas treatment system is composed of a slaked lime injector, a hydrogen chloride injector, and a bag filter. do.

Such waste incineration system of the present invention can recover and use the heat generated during the first and second combustion by the combustion gas treatment facility through a heat exchanger, and includes dust contained in the combustion gas cooled through a cyclone. Float can be collected. In addition, hydrated lime and hydrochloric acid are supplied through the hydrated lime feeder and the hydrogen chloride feeder, respectively, to solidify and remove the dioxins contained in the dry gas, neutralize the sulfurous acid gas, and filter the fine dust again through a bag filter. You can.

In the present invention, the waste incineration system refers to a total device in which each facility of incineration, incineration, cooling, combustion gas treatment, and ventilation is combined to form an integrated unit. A term used to distinguish it from the individual devices that make up a step. Therefore, the waste incineration system is a large meaning device composed of a combination of devices used for waste incineration.

In the present invention, the term "equipment" used in an incineration plant, a cooling plant, a flue gas treatment plant, and a ventilation plant refers to a step-by-step combination of individual units used to perform each step process in the waste incineration unit of the present invention. It is a term used to distinguish it from devices and entire systems. Thus, a facility is a combination of devices in the middle sense consisting of an intermediate combination of the individual devices making up each stage.

In the present invention, dry gas is used to mean an additional combustible gas generated by incomplete combustion of waste in dry incinerators.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in more detail the configuration of the waste incineration system of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the dry distillation incineration plant 100 is a facility for incineration of waste to generate combustion gas. The dry distillation incinerator 101, waste injecting unit 102, dry distillation gas discharging unit 103, and re-conveying A device 104, a pneumatic damper 105, an ignition burner 106, a diesel oil storage tank 107, a cooling air blower 108, a dry distillation air blower 109 and a dry distillation auxiliary blower 110.

The dry burning incinerator 101 may use a conventional dry burning incinerator used for waste incineration. The dry-fire incinerator 101 is generally cylindrical in shape, and the wall is composed of an outer wall layer made of iron plate material, an insulating layer which is bonded to the inner circumferential surface of the outer wall layer to block heat dissipation of heat generated when the waste is burned, and a fireproof layer that is formed in the insulating layer. do.

Waste is introduced into the dry distillation incinerator 101 through the waste input means 102. In order to incinerate the waste introduced into the dry distillation incinerator 101, a flame is applied to the ignition burner 106 to the diesel fuel supplied from the diesel fuel storage tank 107 so that the waste is ignited together with the diesel oil, and the dry distillation air blower 109 Dry air is supplied through to promote the combustion of waste.

The ignition burner 106 is usually preferably four sets, and may be provided with a dry distillation auxiliary blower 111 as necessary in addition to the dry air blower 109.

When the temperature inside the furnace is higher than a predetermined level due to the thermal power generated by the combustion of the waste, cooling air is supplied through the cooling air blower 108 to cool the inside of the furnace to a reference temperature. In addition, when the pressure inside the furnace is higher than a predetermined level by the thermal power, the pressure inside the furnace is lowered to the reference pressure through the pneumatic damper 105.

The waste is incompletely burned by the incineration plant 100 as described above, and dry gas is generated through the waste.

The dry gas generated in this way is transferred to the cooling facility 200 through the dry gas discharge means 103 of the upper portion, and ash is conveyed to the re-transfer device 104 of the lower portion. As the dry gas discharge means 103, a hydraulically operated slide gate is preferable.

The cooling system 200 includes a primary combustion chamber 201, a secondary combustion chamber 202, a heat exchanger 203, combustion heat utilizing means 204, a combustion air blower 205, a combustion burner 206 and a cyclone 207. It consists of.

The dry gas generated by the incomplete combustion of waste in the dry burning incinerator 101 is first sent to the primary combustion chamber 201 where it is first burned by the combustion burner 206 to a temperature of 400 to 600 ° C. Air is supplied through the combustion air blower 205 to assist combustion.

The primary combustion combustion gas is burned again in the secondary combustion chamber 202 at a temperature of 1,300 to 1,500 ° C. The combustion gas is thermally decomposed due to the high temperature secondary combustion to remove odors, and carcinogenic substances such as dioxins are also high temperature. It is thermally decomposed to reduce its amount.

Heat generated in the secondary combustion may be recovered by the heat exchanger 203 and used to heat hot water, or may be used in various applications that require melting of nonferrous metals such as silver or other heat.

Heat is absorbed by the heat exchanger 203 and the remaining dry gas is cooled to pass through the cyclone 207. In the cyclone 207, combustion dust such as dust remaining in the gas is collected and sent to the combustion gas treatment facility 300.

The combustion gas treatment facility 300 is composed of a slaked lime injector 301, a hydrogen chloride injector 302, and a bag filter 303.

In order to remove dioxins contained in the combustion gas discharged from the cyclone 203, slaked lime Ca (OH) ₂ may be introduced from the slaked lime input device 301 to solidify the dioxins in the combustion gas.

In addition, hydrogen chloride may be introduced from the hydrogen chloride input device 302 to neutralize the sulfite gas contained in the combustion gas. The combustion gas thus treated passes through the bag filter 303 to remove solidified dioxin and dust.

The combustion gas which has passed through the combustion gas treatment facility 300 is sent to the ventilation facility 400. Ventilation facility 400 is composed of a manned blower 401 and the chimney 402. Gas discharged from the bag filter 303 through the manned blower 401 is discharged to the atmosphere via the chimney 402.

Referring to one embodiment of the incineration process using the waste incineration apparatus of the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

Firstly, the waste to be incinerated is introduced into the dry distillation incinerator by waste input means. When the injected waste is accumulated in a dry incinerator, a certain amount of combustion air is supplied through the air supply pipe, and the flame is applied to the waste by the ignition burner. As the waste is incinerated, dry gas is generated from the waste, the temperature of the dry gas is controlled by the cooling air supplied from the cooling air blower, and the pressure of the dry gas is controlled by the pneumatic damper.

Combustion air is supplied again when dry gas generated by incineration in the dry gas is introduced into the primary combustion chamber through the discharge port, and the dry gas is combusted primarily by burning the diesel oil supplied from the diesel fuel tank by the ignition burner. . The primary burned dry gas is secondary burned to a higher temperature in the secondary combustion chamber to remove odors and reduce the amount of dioxins produced.

Heat generated by the high temperature combustion of dry gas in the secondary combustion chamber is absorbed and used through a heat exchanger such as a boiler. The heat absorbed through this can be used for heating the plastic house, or for the purpose of melting non-ferrous metal or other heat.

The dry gas cooled through the heat exchanger passes through a cyclone to remove fine dust present in the dry gas.

The dry gas passed through the cyclone passes through the flue gas treatment plant. In the flue gas treatment plant, the distillate gas first reacts with the slaked lime input from the slaked lime input device to solidify the dioxin, and reacts with the hydrogen chloride injected from the hydrogen chloride feeder to treat the sulfurous acid gas. Subsequently, the dry gas passes through the bag filter, and finally, fine dust and solidified harmful substances are removed again, and then discharged into the atmosphere as a harmless gas through the ventilation facility.

As described above, the waste incineration device of the present invention is composed of an incineration facility, a cooling facility, a combustion gas treatment facility, and a ventilation system to efficiently use the heat generated during the waste incineration and to effectively suppress the release of dioxins. It is a very effective invention to remove pollution in the waste disposal industry.

Claims (3)

A waste incineration system consisting of a dry distillation incineration plant, a cooling plant, a combustion gas treatment plant, and a ventilation plant, wherein the dry distillation incineration plant is composed of waste input means, dry distillation incinerator, retransmission means, and combustion gas discharge means; The cooling system consists of a primary combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber, a heat exchanger and a cyclone; Combustion gas treatment equipment is composed of a slaked lime injector, a hydrogen chloride injector and a bag filter; Ventilation system is a waste incineration system, characterized in that consisting of a manned blower and a chimney. The method of claim 1, wherein the dry gas is burned at 400 to 800 ° C. in the primary combustion chamber of the cooling facility, and the dry gas which is first burned in the secondary combustion chamber is burned at 1,300 to 1,500 ° C. to remove odors, and dioxins are removed. Waste incineration system, characterized in that the pyrolysis to reduce the amount of generation. The waste incineration system according to claim 1, wherein the calcination circuit dioxin introduced from the slaked lime injector is solidified and removed, and the sulfurous acid gas is neutralized with the chloride gas introduced from the hydrogen chloride injector in the combustion gas treatment system.

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