KR20080002942U - / The cooler using refrigerant for molded or dry typed transformer/reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

        The present invention is designed to evaporate the refrigerant by the heat generated from the mold or dry transformer / reactor and the principle that the refrigerant (including water) evaporates at a low temperature at a pressure of 1 atm or less, and in a mold or dry transformer / reactor. In view of the fact that the refrigerant can exchange heat with a mold or dry transformer / reactor, vaporize them, cool them with vaporization heat, condense the vaporized refrigerant above the heat exchange position, drop it into gravity, and exchange heat with them again. A mold or dry transformer / reactor refrigerant cooling device for cooling a power plant.

Molded or dry transformers / reactors, unlike inlet, have no refrigerant to cool the heat-generating windings. Therefore, the insulation is reinforced like class B insulation or class H insulation, which does not perform class A insulation and withstands high heat, such as an inflow transformer using insulation oil as a refrigerant. However, there are many problems in cooling because they are made without refrigerants such as insulating oil, and in particular, the power loss increases as the capacity increases, which causes serious cooling problems in the case of a large-capacity mold or a dry transformer / reactor. Molded or dry transformers / reactors are based on self-cooling but may also be forced-to-air by running cooling fans as capacity increases in recent years. However, when cooling the mold or dry transformer / reactor installed indoors or underground by forced air cooling there is a problem that the cooling effect is lowered as the temperature of the indoor or underground air rises as the cooling proceeds.

In the present invention, the heat generated from the mold or dry transformer / reactor is absorbed by the heat exchanger 70 and removed from the condenser 71 installed at a location where cooling is convenient, thereby increasing the effect of cooling to increase the capacity of the mold or dry transformer / reactor. Significantly increased.

Refrigerant, Mold Transformer, Mold Reactor, Dry Transformer, Dry Reactor, Refrigerant Container, Heat Exchanger

Description

The cooler using refrigerant for molded or dry typed transformer / reactor}

     1 is an external view illustrating a mold transformer.

     2 is an explanatory view of a multiple bend tube heat exchanger.

     3 is an explanatory view of a parallel pipe heat exchanger.

     4 is an explanatory diagram of a solenoid type heat exchanger.

     5 is an explanatory view of a cylindrical heat exchanger.

     6 is an explanatory view of the heat exchanger pipe and the heat collecting plate.

     7 is an explanatory diagram of a refrigerant cooling system of the present invention.

     8 is a diagram illustrating a case where a compressor is added to a refrigerant cooling device.

     9 is a view illustrating another example of the refrigerant cooling device of the present invention.

     10 is an explanatory view of a refrigerant cooling device in which a refrigerant container is omitted.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

11 high pressure winding mold 12 low pressure winding mold

13 iron core 14 winding space

15 air duct 21 multiple bend tube heat exchanger

22: inlet 23: outlet

31: parallel pipe type heat exchanger 32: upper header

33: lower header 34: heat exchanger tube

41: solenoid type heat exchanger 51: cylindrical heat exchanger

52: refrigerant space 61: heat collecting plate

70 heat exchanger 71 condenser

72: condenser upper connection 73: condenser lower connection

74: refrigerant cylinder 75: refrigerant cylinder connection portion

76: coolant cylinder lower connection portion 77: refrigerant inlet

78: valve 79: one-way valve

81: compressor 82: check valve

91: upper gas pipe connection 92: lower gas pipe connection

Molded or dry transformers are transformers that do not use refrigerant. Therefore, it is disadvantageous in cooling than inlet transformer. Nevertheless, there is a possibility of insulating oils, so molds or dry transformers / reactors are used in apartments, buildings and buildings in urban areas. With the recent production of large molds or dry transformers / reactors, the problem of cooling becomes even worse. Self-cooling is the basic method for cooling molds or dry transformers / reactors, but forced air cooling is being attempted as capacity increases. However, when the cooling proceeds due to the installation of the mold or dry transformer / reactor indoors or underground, the indoor or underground air temperature rises, resulting in a decrease in cooling effect. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the heat in the space where a mold or dry transformer / reactor is installed like a separate air conditioner to a spaced space for easy cooling, but the technology in this field has not been developed so far.

The present invention devises a method of cooling the heat applied to a mold or a dry transformer / reactor using refrigerant vaporization heat, but devises various heat exchangers to be conveniently applied to a mold or a dry transformer / reactor. Given that the mold or dry transformer / reactor is installed indoors or underground, the heat absorbed from the mold or dry transformer / reactor can be removed from the condenser installed outdoors. Based on the method of naturally circulating the refrigerant circulation by the mold or dry transformer / reactor waste heat, and also to improve the cooling performance by using the compressor (81) if necessary.

      In the case of transformer or reactor, mold type and dry type are matched in that they insulate the insulated windings in contact with air without using insulating oil as refrigerant, and the transformer is different from only one winding and the reactor has only one winding. This description is equally applicable to mold reactors, dry transformers, and dry reactors.

       1 is an external view illustrating a mold transformer. The iron core 13 is inserted into the low pressure winding mold 12 made of a cylindrical shape in which the center portion is drilled, and the high pressure winding mold 11 is installed at the outermost side. The winding space 14 is formed between the low pressure winding mold 12 and the high pressure winding mold 11, and a plurality of air ducts 15 are formed in each of the low pressure winding mold 12 and the high pressure winding mold 11. The only cooling method to date is to remove heat generated in the transformer while air flows through the space between the iron core 13 and the low pressure winding mold 12, the winding space 14, and the air duct 15. Self-cooled by natural wind and forced fan-cooled method to forcibly blow wind through this space.

       2 is an explanatory view of a multiple bend tube heat exchanger. Pipe the pipes to match the corresponding power plant structure. In the case of cylindrical power equipment, the structure is wound around the outside of the power equipment. Therefore, the multiple bend tube heat exchanger 11 can be variously implemented according to the target power equipment. At both ends of the pipe, a coolant inlet 22 and an outlet 23 are provided. Pipes are made of metal pipes or plastic pipes or heating accelerators to prevent induced voltages.

       3 is an explanatory view of a parallel pipe heat exchanger. A plurality of heat exchanger tubes 34 are arranged in parallel between the upper header 32 and the lower header 33. One side of the upper header 32 is provided with an inlet 22 and one side of the lower header 33 with an outlet 23 to make a parallel pipe-type heat exchanger 31. Removing the upper header 32 or the lower header 33, the heat exchange tube 34 is connected to the header in a U-shape and formed inlet 22 and outlet 23 at both ends of the parallel pipe-type heat exchanger (31) You can also create) (not shown)

       4 is an explanatory diagram of a solenoid type heat exchanger. The pipe is laminated in a cylindrical shape in the same shape as the solenoid and the solenoid type heat exchanger 41 is formed by installing the refrigerant inlet 22 and the outlet 23 at both ends of the pipe. The heat exchanger is installed outside the high-pressure winding mold 11, the space between the windings 14, the space between the low-pressure winding mold 12 and the iron core 13, and the like so that heat exchange occurs.

       5 is an explanatory view of a cylindrical heat exchanger. The high-pressure winding mold 11 or the low-pressure winding mold 12 is formed in a form that surrounds the outer structure when not in close contact with the mold to remove the parts and make a structure. It can be made of a complete double-cylindrical structure with a central hole or a curved cube that covers only a part of the mold body. The refrigerant in the refrigerant space 52 functions to cool the transformer while exchanging heat with the transformer, and a cylindrical heat exchanger 51 is formed at one side of the refrigerant inlet 22 and the outlet 23.

       6 is an explanatory view of the heat exchanger pipe and the heat collecting plate. The heat collecting plate 61 is attached to the pipe surface of the multiple bend tube heat exchanger 21, the parallel pipe heat exchanger 31, the solenoid heat exchanger 41, and the tubular heat exchanger 51. This figure shows an example in which the heat collecting plate 61 is installed above and below the heat exchange pipe 34 of the parallel pipe type heat exchanger 31. The heat collecting plate may be made of an insulator or a metal plate or a metal plate or a metal mesh plate with a plurality of holes perforated.

       7 is an explanatory diagram of a refrigerant cooling system of the present invention. The condenser 71, the refrigerant cylinder 74, and the heat exchanger 70 are arranged from the top to the bottom to form a structure in which the liquid refrigerant circulates by gravity. The condenser lower connection portion 73 and the refrigerant cylinder connecting portion 75 are connected to the tube, and the refrigerant cylinder lower connection portion 76 is connected to the one-way valve 79 and then to the inlet port 22 of the heat exchanger. A refrigerant injection pump (not shown) may be used instead of the one-way valve 79 to serve as the one-way valve 79. It is also possible to adjust the amount of liquid refrigerant flow by installing a volume control valve (not shown) before and after the one-way valve (79). The outlet 23 of the heat exchanger is connected to the condenser upper connection portion 72 of the condenser to form a closed circuit connecting the condenser 71, the refrigerant cylinder 74, and the heat exchanger 70. The valve 78 is installed at the upper portion of the coolant cylinder 74 to provide a coolant injection and a vacuum degree control. Refrigerant should be low boiling point to be able to boil with transformer waste heat and if it is too low, it should not be too low because the pressure in the pipe increases. Taking the boiling point of the refrigerant as an example, at 1 atmosphere, R123 is about 28 ° C, k141b is about 32 ° C, and AK225 is about 52 ° C. Water is 100 ° C. and can be boiled at lower temperatures at lower pressures. The principle of operation is as follows. When liquid refrigerant is injected into the heat exchanger 70 through the one-way valve 79 in the refrigerant cylinder 74, the refrigerant boils in the heat exchanger 70 installed to contact the transformer, and takes heat of vaporization from the transformer. Since the gas refrigerant is blocked by the one-way valve 79, the gas refrigerant does not flow back into the refrigerant cylinder 74, but flows into the condenser 71 to be condensed to become liquid refrigerant, and then returns to the refrigerant cylinder 74 to complete one cycle of refrigerant circulation. . When the tubular heat exchanger is filled with the liquid refrigerant, the refrigerant cylinder 74 is partially filled, and the refrigerant is boiled, the one-way valve 79 may be omitted. This is because the refrigerant is naturally injected when the liquid refrigerant is boiled like a full boiler. This cooling system is equivalent to the boiler heat from the power generation cycle being dumped to the condenser. The connection pipe of each device may use a flexible pipe. When the liquid refrigerant is smoothly injected, the one-way valve 79 may be omitted. A plurality of multiple bent tube heat exchangers 21, a parallel pipe heat exchanger 31, a solenoid heat exchanger 41, and a cylindrical heat exchanger 51 are connected in parallel to form a heat exchanger 70. The heat exchanger 70 is formed between the iron core 13 and the low pressure winding mold 12, the winding space 14, the air duct 15, the high pressure winding mold 11, and the inside of a cubicle (not shown) that is a mold transformer protection body. Installed in the space, the condenser 71 is installed in the outdoor with good ventilation and convenient cooling. In order to use a lower boiling point of the refrigerant including water, the refrigerant is evaporated to remove air, which is a non-condensable gas inside the refrigerant circulation system, and sealed to be in a vacuum state.

       8 is a diagram illustrating a case where a compressor is added to a refrigerant cooling device. Although similar to FIG. 7, the compressor 81 having the check valve 82 installed in parallel is inserted into a pipe connecting the outlet 23 of the heat exchanger 70 and the condenser upper connection portion 72 of the condenser. The gas refrigerant flows through the check valve 82 when the compressor 81 does not operate, and prevents backflow of the refrigerant by the check valve 82 when the compressor 81 operates. The check valve 82 is a one-way valve. The principle of operation is as follows. If the compressor 81 is not operated, gas refrigerant flows through the check valve 82, and the remaining operations are the same as those described with reference to FIG. When the compressor 81 operates, the refrigerant vaporized in the heat exchanger 70 is sucked into the compressor 81, compressed, and then flows into the condenser 71 to liquefy. The liquefied refrigerant enters the refrigerant cylinder 74 and flows back into the heat exchanger 70 through the one-way valve 79 to complete one cycle of refrigerant circulation.

       9 is a view illustrating another example of the refrigerant cooling device of the present invention. The condenser 71, the coolant cylinder 74, and the heat exchanger 70 are arranged in the order from the top, and the liquid refrigerant circulates by gravity. The condenser upper connection portion 72 is connected to the upper gas pipe connection portion 91 of the refrigerant cylinder by a pipe, and the condenser lower connection portion 73 is connected to the refrigerant cylinder connection portion 75 by a pipe to condenser 71 and the refrigerant cylinder 74. Constitute a closed loop. Outlet 23 is connected to the lower gas pipe connecting portion 92 of the refrigerant tank 74 by the pipe and the inlet 22 is connected to the one-way valve 79 connected to the refrigerant cylinder lower connection portion 76 by the pipe (coolant container ( 74 and the heat exchanger 70 form a closed circuit. The principle of operation is as follows. The liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant cylinder 74 flows into the heat exchanger 70 which is in contact with the transformer through the one-way valve 79. In the heat exchanger 70, the refrigerant is boiled into a gas and is introduced into the refrigerant cylinder 74 through the lower gas pipe connection portion 92 of the refrigerant cylinder. The gas refrigerant flows into the condenser 71 through the upper gas pipe connecting portion 91 and the upper condenser upper connecting portion 72 to be liquefied, and enters the refrigerant cylinder 74 by gravity to complete a cycle of refrigerant circulation.

   10 is an explanatory view of a refrigerant cooling device in which a refrigerant container is omitted. The condenser 71 is installed at the top and the heat exchanger 70 is installed at the bottom to create a structure in which the liquid refrigerant circulates by gravity. The one-way valve 79 is connected to the condenser lower connection portion 73 and then connected to the inlet 22 of the heat exchanger 70 with a pipe. If necessary, a one-way valve 79 (not shown) or a refrigerant injection pump (not shown) may be installed in front of the inlet 22 of the heat exchanger 70. It is also possible to adjust the amount of liquid refrigerant flow by installing a quantity control valve (not shown) before and after the one-way valve (79). The outlet 23 of the heat exchanger 70 is connected to the condenser upper connection portion 72 of the condenser to form a closed circuit connecting the condenser 71 and the heat exchanger 70. The principle of operation is as follows. The refrigerant in the heat exchanger 70 exchanges heat with the transformer to cool the transformer with vaporization heat and become a gaseous state. The gas refrigerant does not flow back by the one-way valve 79, but flows into the condenser 71 through the outlet 23 to discharge heat, condense, and change into a liquid state. The liquid refrigerant flows back into the heat exchanger 70 through the one-way valve 79 and finishes one cycle of refrigerant circulation. Small transformers are one of the ways to simplify the installation.

In the case of a mold or dry transformer / reactor, there are many problems in cooling due to not using a refrigerant such as insulating oil. In addition, these transformers are designed to avoid the occurrence of fire caused by the insulating oil of the inlet transformer, so they are mainly installed indoors or underground in the city center. Since indoors and underground are poorly ventilated, molds or dry transformers / reactors that do not use refrigerants have more problems with cooling, and forced air cooling by a cooling fan cannot improve the cooling problems. In the present invention, the refrigerant filled in the heat exchanger and the transformer in the indoor or underground, which is not well ventilated, absorbs heat generated from a mold or a dry transformer / reactor, and is condensed in a space with good ventilation and easy cooling. 71) was installed to dissipate heat, maximizing the cooling effect. As a result, it was possible to provide an opportunity to dramatically increase the transformer capacity.

Claims (5)

       Between the core of the mold transformer or reactor 13 and the low-voltage winding mold 12, the winding space 14, the air duct 15, outside the high-voltage winding mold 11, one side of the inner space of the cubicle which is a mold transformer or a dry transformer or A heat exchanger 70 installed in a space between the reactor windings; A condenser 71 that is well ventilated, is convenient for cooling, and is installed at an upper position than the heat exchanger 70; An inlet 12 installed at one side of the heat exchanger 70; An outlet 13 installed at one side of the heat exchanger 70; Condenser upper connection portion 72 is installed on the upper one side of the condenser 71; Condenser lower connection portion 73 is installed on the lower side of the condenser 71; Connect the inlet 12 and the condenser lower connection 73 with a pipe, and connect the outlet 13 and the condenser upper connection 72 with a pipe to form a closed circulation circuit of the refrigerant, and the mold transformer waste heat inside the heat exchanger 70. A mold or dry transformer / reactor refrigerant cooling device, characterized in that for filling a refrigerant that can be boiled.      The heat exchanger (70) according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger (70) is a multi-bent tube heat exchanger (21) having a heat collecting plate (61) on the surface, a parallel pipe heat exchanger (31), a solenoid heat exchanger (41), and a cylindrical heat exchanger ( 51) A mold or dry transformer / reactor refrigerant cooling device, characterized in that one of the following.        A refrigerant tank (74) as claimed in claim 1; Refrigerant cylinder sub-connecting portion 75 is installed on the upper side of the refrigerant cylinder 74; Refrigerant cylinder lower connection portion 76 is installed on the lower side of the refrigerant cylinder 74; A coolant inlet 77 provided at an upper side of the coolant cylinder 74; A valve 78 installed at a coolant inlet 77; One-way valve 79; In the conduit connecting the inlet 22 of the heat exchanger 70 and the condenser lower connection portion 73 of the condenser 71, a one-way valve 79 is inserted into the refrigerant passage 74 connected to the lower portion of the condenser lower connection portion ( 73) and the coolant cylinder connecting portion (75) by a pipe and the one-way valve 79 and the inlet (22) coupled to the coolant cylinder lower connecting portion (76), characterized in that by connecting the tube or the refrigerant or dry transformer / reactor refrigerant Chiller.        The compressor (81) of claim 3, wherein a check valve (82) is connected in parallel to a conduit connecting the outlet (23) of the heat exchanger (70) and the condenser upper connection portion (72) of the condenser (71). Mold or dry transformer / reactor refrigerant cooling device characterized in that the installation.        A refrigerant tank (74) as claimed in claim 1; A refrigerant cylinder connecting portion 75 installed on one side of an upper portion of the refrigerant cylinder 74; An upper gas pipe connection part 91 installed at an upper side of the refrigerant tank 74; Refrigerant cylinder lower connection portion 76 is installed on the lower side of the refrigerant cylinder 74; A lower gas pipe connection unit 92 installed at one side of the lower side of the refrigerant tank 74; A coolant inlet 77 provided at an upper side of the coolant cylinder 74; A valve 78 installed at a coolant inlet 77; A one-way valve 79; A conduit connecting the inlet 22 of the heat exchanger 70 and the condenser lower connection 73 of the condenser 71 and the outlet 23 of the heat exchanger 70 and the upper condenser upper connection 72 of the condenser 71 are connected. One-way valve (79) is installed by inserting the refrigerant cylinder 74 connected to the lower portion in the two pipelines to connect the conduit, but connecting the lower condenser lower connection portion 73 and the refrigerant flow passage connecting portion 75 by the pipe and the lower refrigerant connection portion The one-way valve 79 and the inlet 22 coupled to the 76 is connected to the pipe, and the upper condenser upper connecting portion 72 and the upper gas pipe connecting portion 91 are connected to the pipe, and the lower gas pipe connecting portion 92 and the outlet ( 23) A mold or dry transformer / reactor refrigerant cooling device, characterized in that the pipe connection.

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