KR20070011662A - An organic fertilizer and mafacturing method and apparatus of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Organic fertilizer based on rice hulls and animal excreta in a pellet form is provided to prevent environmental pollution due to the animal excreta and secondary contamination of soil caused by typical use of sawdust, and to be continuously produced while accelerating fermentation of the excreta by fermenting the excreta with the rice hulls and eliminating use of the sawdust. The process of producing the fertilizer includes the steps of: mixing rice hulls before grinding with animal excreta; preparing first fertilizer by fermenting the mixture while agitating; grinding the first fertilizer; adding adhesive to the first fertilizer after grinding; forming the first fertilizer under pressure into pellets after adding the adhesive; and drying the formed pellets. The process further includes a step of combining the mixture with nutrient selected from amino acid, phosphorous, potassium and nitrogen after adding the adhesive. The adhesive consists of crop powder containing starch.

Description

Organic fertilizer and mafacturing method and apparatus of the same

1 is a block diagram showing a method for producing an organic fertilizer in the present invention,

2 is a view schematically showing an organic fertilizer manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention,

3 is a plan view showing a stirring portion of the fermentation means according to the present invention,

4 is a side view of the stirring unit shown in FIG.

5 is an exploded perspective view showing an extract of the grinding means shown in FIG.

6 is a cross-sectional view of the pellet forming means shown in FIG.

The present invention relates to an organic fertilizer and a method and apparatus for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a pelletized organic fertilizer using chaff and livestock powder and a method and apparatus for producing the same.

In general, compost is mainly fertilizer, that is, manure, which is produced by mixing fertilized crest or weeds and leaves with manure. Such compost has been popularized to manufacture using such raw materials, but recently, it is known that the manure is produced by using manure, food waste and sawdust functioning as a moisture control agent.

In particular, livestock manure is a waste as an organic material and has a high value as an organic fertilizer, and has a characteristic of being composted through aerobic fermentation by microorganisms, while problems in the method of collecting and treating it have not been practically solved. It was a situation.

As a method for growing agricultural products by organic farming methods without contaminating the soil as described above, a variety of raw materials have been proposed, but the most important point is that the produced compost is an antiviral and antibacterial function. It should not contaminate the soil secondaryly, but should give an excellent effect on its function as a fertilizer to nourish agricultural products.

On the other hand, the most recently developed and universally used method of the compost manufacturing method as described above, if the livestock manure produced in livestock farms are discarded in the mountain stream, the soil and rivers seriously polluted, so the manure and water A method for producing compost by mixing and fermenting sawdust or the like, which functions as a regulator, has been proposed.

However, when manufacturing compost using livestock manure and sawdust as described above, many problems are raised from the productive side. That is, it takes a relatively long time to collect the livestock manure produced in the livestock farms separately and to produce it as a good compost because it takes about 6 months in a mixed state with sawdust. Therefore, the uncommitted compost, which has been quickly composted to expedite the oversupply of livestock manure, is actually fermented during the application of compost to crops in farms, and the gas produced during the process causes the crops to die or hinder growth. There was a problem. In addition, ligrin in sawdust contaminates soil secondaryly.

 Therefore, techniques for quickly treating such livestock manure to use as a fertilizer such as compost to prevent environmental pollution, and to prevent odors from being dissipated around. For example, Patent Application No. 96-38320 discloses a fermentation stirrer for livestock food compost and discloses a composting device for livestock food of Patent Application No. 97-52719.

The present invention is to solve the problems described above, to provide an organic fertilizer and a method and apparatus for pelletizing using chaff and animal feed.

Another object of the present invention is to promote fermentation, to shorten the production period, to enable continuous production, organic fertilizer and a method and apparatus for manufacturing the same, which can fundamentally prevent the pollution of the environment due to livestock powder In providing.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an organic fertilizer, a method and apparatus for manufacturing the same, which can prevent secondary pollution of other soils by using sawdust.

In order to achieve the above object, the organic fertilizer manufacturing method according to the present invention

A mixing step of mixing uncrushed rice husk and livestock powder,

First fertilizer manufacturing step by fermenting while stirring the chaff mixed with animal feed,

A grinding step of grinding the first fertilizer;

A pressure-sensitive adhesive mixing step of mixing the pressure-sensitive adhesive with the ground primary fertilizer,

A pellet manufacturing step of manufacturing a pellet by press molding the first fertilizer in which the pressure-sensitive adhesive is mixed;

Characterized in that it comprises a drying step for drying the pelletized fertilizer.

In the present invention, in the pressure-sensitive adhesive mixing step, further comprising a nutritional agent mixing step of mixing a nutrient of one component of amino acid, phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen.

Organic fertilizer of the present invention for achieving the above object

After mixing the uncrushed rice husk and livestock powder and fermentation to prepare a primary fertilizer, and after grinding the primary fertilizer, the adhesive is mixed, characterized in that the primary fertilizer mixed with the adhesive is molded into pellets .

The organic fertilizer manufacturing apparatus of the present invention for achieving the above object

Fermentation means having a mixing tank, and a stirring portion installed on the upper portion of the mixing tank and stirring the chaff mixed with the livestock material in the mixing tank while reciprocating and

Grinding means for finely grinding the primary fertilizer fermented by the fermentation means,

A storage tank for storing the primary fertilizer pulverized by the grinding means;

Pellet production means for press molding the primary fertilizer stored by the reservoir to produce pellets,

Characterized in that it comprises a drying means for drying the pelletized fertilizer.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, a preferred embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail as follows.

The organic fertilizer according to the present invention is fermented and matured using various livestock powder and chaff, and the preparation method thereof is shown in FIG. 1.

The manufacturing method for manufacturing the organic fertilizer is a mixing step (10) of mixing the crushed chaff and livestock powder, and fermented while stirring the chaff mixed with the mixed livestock powder primary fertilizer manufacturing step (20), and Pulverizing step 30 for pulverizing the first fertilizer, pellet manufacturing step 40 for producing pellets by pressing the primary fertilizer pulverized by the crushing means and dried pellets produced by the pellet manufacturing step It comprises a drying step 50 to.

The mixing step is to mix the chaff and cow, pig, chicken ingredients of the raw material of the fertilizer, chaff is used directly without collecting and crushing the chaff generated at the rice milling. In the mixing step, it is preferable to mix the animal powder 20 to 60% to the chaff 40 to 80%, water or animal urine is mixed in the mixture of the chaff and animal powder to adjust the water content . The water content of the mixture is preferably mixed with the chaff by mixing the urine or water of the cattle in the livestock powder so that the fermentation of the mixture of the chaff and the livestock powder is smooth, wherein the water content of the mixture is It is desirable to maintain 50 to 70%.

When the mixing is completed as described above, fermentation and ripening with periodic stirring to prepare a primary fertilizer which is a raw material of the organic fertilizer. In the first fertilizer manufacturing step of manufacturing the first fertilizer as described above, in order to promote the fermentation of the mixture may be further provided with a heating step of heating the mixture of chaff and animal feed mixed to 30 to 60 ℃ . In addition, since the stirring of the mixture occurs over time, the water content of the upper side and the lower side changes and the fermentation occurs intensively at the lower side, so that the stirring takes place periodically at the lower side.

 On the other hand, in the first fertilizer manufacturing step, the fermentation is carried out for 60 to 110 days, in this step is sequentially fermented by moving 0.5 to 1mm per day in a mixing tank which is a fermentation tank of about 100mm in length It is desirable to be able to make.

When the fertilizer is sufficiently fermented by the first fertilizer manufacturing step to complete the preparation of the first fertilizer, a grinding step of grinding the fertilizer is performed. Here, the grinding step may be made by grinding blades are rotated by mutually rotating blades or are in close contact with each other, the chaff fermented by mixing with the livestock powder is a state of crushing and the royal grinding operation is relatively easy Can be. It is preferable that the pulverization of the fertilizer fermented by mixing the livestock powder and chaff is pulverized in a particle size range of 30 mesh or more so as not to affect the production of pellets in the production of pellets described later. On the other hand, when the water content of the primary fertilizer is 30% or more in the process of performing the grinding step as described above, it is preferable to perform the primary drying step 21 to dry it. On the other hand, the primary crushed primary fertilizer as described above may further comprise a ripening step 31 to temporarily store in the storage hopper to ripen.

When the grinding of the primary fertilizer and the above is completed, a pellet manufacturing step for pelletizing it is performed. The pellet manufacturing step is prepared by extrusion molding, and may further include a pressure-sensitive adhesive mixing step of mixing the pressure-sensitive adhesive to increase the binding force between the particles. The pressure-sensitive adhesive is mixed with the primary fertilizer before being put into the pellet maker, the pressure-sensitive adhesive may be made of grain powder mixed with starch, such as molasses, wheat flour.

The pellet prepared by extruding the primary fertilizer mixed with the adhesive to the primary fertilizer has a diameter of 1 to 8mm and the moisture content is maintained at 10 to 34% to facilitate the preparation of the pellet. And when the pelletized fertilizer is fertilized in one soil, it is preferable to form a square or aspherical in order to improve the meltability, it is preferable to have at least one crack that is not deep on the surface.

 As described above, when the preparation of the pellet is completed, a secondary drying step 41 of drying the pelletized organic fertilizer is performed in order to suppress adhesion or odor generation between the pelletized organic fertilizers. In this secondary drying step 41, the pelletized organic fertilizer is to maintain the water content of less than 5 to 10%.

Pelletized organic fertilizer is dried as described above is carried out the packaging step 42 of the prescribed dosage form. Packaging of the organic fertilizer is preferably stored in a sealed pouch.

2 to 4 show one embodiment of a manufacturing apparatus for producing the organic fertilizer as described above.

Referring to the drawings, the organic fertilizer manufacturing apparatus 50 is for manufacturing organic fertilizers having antiviral and antibacterial functions, the mixing tank 61 having a predetermined width and a predetermined length, and the mixing tank 61 Fermentation means (60) having a stirring part (70) installed at an upper portion of the mixing tank (60) and stirring and moving the mixture (200) mixed with the animal feed to the chaff in the mixing tank (61) while reciprocating along the mixing tank; A grinding tank (80) for finely grinding the primary fertilizer fermented by the fermentation means (60), a storage tank (90) for storing the primary fertilizer ground by the grinding means (80), and the storage tank ( Pellet manufacturing means 100 for producing a pelletized organic fertilizer by press-molding the primary fertilizer stored by 90), drying means 130 for heating and drying the pelletized organic bill fertilizer, and the drying Packed finished organic fertilizer It includes a field means (140).

Hereinafter, the organic fertilizer manufacturing apparatus 50 will be described in detail by component.

The fermentation means (60) is to mix the animal powder and chaff, such as pig meal, poultry meal, milk powder, and ferment for 60 to 110 days while stirring it, the mixing tank 61 of the fermentation means 60 is parallel to each other It is preferable to have one side wall, and to make it 60-100 mm in length using a concrete, an iron plate, etc. The length and width of the mixing tank 61 may be adjusted in various ways depending on the installation location, the amount of organic fertilizer production. And one side of the mixing tank 60 may be further provided with a discharge device 62 for discharging the primary fertilizer is completed fermentation. This discharge device (62) It may be made of an elevator or a screw feeder.

The fermentation means 60, the stirring portion 70 is reciprocated along the guide rails 71 and the guide rails 71 installed on both sides of the mixing tank 61, as shown in Figure 3 and 4 A trolley 72 which is installed, a transfer unit 73 installed in the trolley 72 and transferred in a direction perpendicular to the length of the mixing tank 61, and a lower portion of the mixing tank 61 installed in the transfer unit 73. The support 75 is rotatably extended to the end and the stirring screw 74 for stirring at the end, and the cylinder 76 and the transfer unit 73 is installed in the transfer unit 73 to rotate the support 75 It is provided with a power transmission unit (not shown) for transmitting the driving force of the motor 77 is installed in the stirring screw (74). Although not shown in the drawing, the power transmission unit includes sprockets installed on the drive shaft of the motor and the drive shaft of the screw, and a chain connecting the sprockets. Means for transmitting the power for transmitting the driving force of the motor to the screw is not limited by the above-described embodiment.

The trolley 72 is provided with a driving unit 78 for driving a wheel moving along the guide rail 71, the transfer unit 73 is not shown in the drawing, but the auxiliary guide rail in the width direction to the trolley It is further provided with an auxiliary drive unit for transferring the conveying unit 73 along the auxiliary guide rail, the auxiliary drive unit is screwed with the lead screw and the lead screw is installed in the widthwise direction to the trolley is rotated forward and reverse by the motor It may be made of a coupling member.

The stirring unit is not limited to the above-described embodiment and may be any structure that can stir and transport the mixture 200 mixed with the animal feed.

The grinding means 80 is for grinding the first fertilizer is completed fermentation in the mixing tank 60, an embodiment thereof is shown in FIG.

Referring to the drawings, the grinding means 80 is the first fertilizer discharged through the screw or the bucket elevator is installed on the outlet side of the mixing tank 61 is the input hopper 81, the input hopper 81 and A casing 83 connected to and having a grinding space 82, rotatably installed at the casing 83, and having one end portion protruded from the casing 83, and installed at the rotating shaft 84. A first cutter 87 having a plurality of first cutting edges 87a radially installed on the screw 85 and the rotating shaft 86 adjacent to the screw 85, and in the grinding space 82 And a second cutter 88 which is fixedly supported and rotatably supports an end of the rotary shaft 84. The second cutter 88 is provided radially from the boss portion 88a supporting the rotating shaft 84 and includes a second cutting edge 88b intersecting with the first cutting edge 87a. The plurality of first and second cutters may be installed alternately to increase the grinding efficiency of the rice husk. In addition, the rotation shaft 84 is driven by a separate driving unit 89, which drive unit 89 is a driven pulley (89a) is installed at the other end of the rotation shaft 84, the driven pulley (89a) and the belt ( It may be made of a drive pulley (89d) is caught by the (89b) and installed on the rotating shaft of the motor (89c).

The grinding means 80 is not limited to the above-described embodiment and may be any structure as long as it is a structure for grinding the primary fertilizer. For example, a fixed grinding member having a conical inner space and a plurality of first projections are formed, and second projections inserted into the fixed grinding member and corresponding to the second projection are formed and installed by a rotation shaft to be rotated by a driving unit. It may be made of a movable grinding member.

As described above, the primary fertilizer pulverized by the crushing means 80 is stored in a storage tank 90 which is transported by the first conveyor 51. The storage tank 90 temporarily stores the ground primary fertilizer. It has a size that can be ripened.

The pellet manufacturing means 100 is for producing the first fertilizer stored in the reservoir 90 as pellets, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, the outlet 91 and the second conveyor of the reservoir 90. And a mixer 110 having a hopper 101 connected by 52, and a pellet molding machine 120 for molding the primary fertilizer discharged from the mixer 110 into pellets. The hopper 101 is connected to a separate adhesive supply means 150 for supplying the adhesive and the influence agent.

The mixer 110 is connected to a hopper and has a first body 111 having a first space portion 111a having a discharge port, and is rotatably installed on the first body 111 and driven by a motor 112. It is provided with a screw 113. The mixer 110 is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be any structure as long as the mixer can mix the pressure-sensitive adhesive and the first fertilizer.

The pellet molding machine 120 is connected to the supply port 121 is supplied with the primary fertilizer supplied from the mixer on the upper side and the second body 123 is formed with a second space portion 122 in the longitudinal direction, and The second screw 126 rotatably installed in the space portion 122 of the second body 123 and driven by the motor 125, and communicates with the second space portion 122 of the second body 123. Pellet molding nozzle 127 is provided on the outlet side of the main body. Here, the spiral braid 126a formed on the outer circumferential surface of the second screw 126 has a narrower pitch from the supply port 121 toward the pellet forming nozzle 127. The forming means is not limited to the above-described embodiment and can be any structure as long as it can form the primary fertilizer into pellets.

The drying means 130 is for drying the pelletized primary fertilizer as shown in Figure 2, the primary fertilizer is pelletized at a predetermined interval inside the case 131 having an inlet A plurality of belt conveyors 132 stacked in a staggered state so as to be continuously moved, a heater 133 installed inside the case 131, and installed on one side of the case 131 to provide internal air. And a blowing fan 134 for circulating and discharging.

The drying means is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be any structure as long as it can dry the pelletized organic fertilizer.

The packaging means 140 is for packaging the organic fertilizer which is dried by the drying means 130 and then moved by the first conveyor 53, any structure can be packaged by the appropriate amount of the maintenance fertilizer. Do.

In order to manufacture the organic fertilizer using the organic fertilizer manufacturing apparatus configured as described above, first, the chaff and the animal powder which is not crushed in the mixing tank 61 is mixed and continuously supplied to the inlet side of the storage tank. The mixture 200, in which the animal feed and rice husk supplied in this way, is stirred by the stirring unit 70 and fermented while moving jog to the outlet side.

The agitation and transfer of the mixture by the stirring unit 70 is carried by the trolley 72 along the guide rails 71, and the stirring screw 74 installed on the transfer unit 73 is rotated in the cylinder 76 to mix the tank. The mixture 200 is stirred and moved by being rotated while being moved into the interior of the 61.

As described above, the primary fertilizer, which has been fermented by stirring and moving, is supplied to the hopper 81 of the grinding means by the bucket elevator 62, and the primary fertilizers supplied to the hopper 81 cross each other. It is pulverized by the first and second cutters 87 and 88. The primary fertilizer having been pulverized is moved by the first conveyor 51 and stored in the storage tank 90 to be ripened. The primary fertilizer stored in the storage tank 20 is pelletized by the second conveyor 52. It is supplied to the hopper 111 of the mixer 110 of (100). The hopper 111 is supplied with an adhesive and an influence material, that is, an amino acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., made of powder of grains such as molasses, wheat bran, etc., by the adhesive material supply means 150.

The primary fertilizer and the adhesive supplied to the hopper are mixed while passing through the space of the first body 83 by the first screw 85 of the mixer 110 and then supplied to the pellet molding machine 120. The primary fertilizer supplied to the supply port 121 of the pellet molding machine 120 is molded while being pressed toward the pellet forming nozzle by the second screw 126 driven by a motor.

Pelletized organic fertilizer is completed as described above is moved by the conveyors installed in the case of the drying means 130, it is dried by the heaters 133 installed therein. The dried organic fertilizer as described above is transferred to the packaging means by the third conveyor 53 and packaged.

As described above, the organic fertilizer according to the present invention is fermented the powder and chaff of livestock, so it is possible to fundamentally solve the problem of secondary pollution of the soil by ligrin, as in the conventional fertilizer using sawdust, and can be pesticide-friendly agriculture. Let's do it.

In addition, the organic fertilizer and its manufacturing apparatus enable continuous mass production, and can reduce production costs.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment shown in the drawings, this is merely exemplary, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent embodiments are possible.

Therefore, the true scope of protection of the present invention should be defined only by the appended claims.

Claims (7)

A mixing step of mixing uncrushed rice husk and livestock powder, Primary fertilizer manufacturing step by fermenting the mixed chaff mixed with chaff mixed with fermentation, A grinding step of grinding the first fertilizer; And pressure-sensitive adhesive mixing step of mixing the pressure-sensitive adhesive to the ground primary fertilizer, A pellet manufacturing step of manufacturing a pellet by press molding the first fertilizer in which the pressure-sensitive adhesive is mixed; Organic fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that it comprises a drying step of drying the prepared pellets. The method of claim 1, In the pressure-sensitive adhesive mixing step, organic fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that it further comprises a nutrient mixing step of mixing a nutrient of one component of amino acid, phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen. The method of claim 3, After mixing the non-crushed rice husk and livestock powder, and fermented to prepare a primary fertilizer, and after grinding the primary fertilizer, the pressure-sensitive adhesive was mixed, and the primary fertilizer mixed with pressure-sensitive adhesive consisting of pellets Characterized by organic fertilizer. The method of claim 4, wherein The adhesive material is an organic fertilizer, characterized in that made of a powder of grain containing starch. A fermentation means having a mixing tank and a stirring portion installed on an upper portion of the mixing tank and stirring the chaff mixed with the livestock powder in the mixing tank while reciprocating along the mixing tank; Grinding means for finely grinding the primary fertilizer fermented by the fermentation means, A storage tank for storing the primary fertilizer pulverized by the grinding means; An apparatus for producing organic fertilizer, characterized in that it comprises a pellet manufacturing means for pressing the primary fertilizer stored by the storage tank to produce a pellet.  The method of claim 6, The stirring unit is a guide rail installed along the mixing tank and a trolley reciprocated along the guide rail, a transfer unit installed on the trolley and transferred in a direction perpendicular to the length of the mixing tank, and installed in the transfer unit to A support extending to the lower side and rotatably provided with a stirring screw for stirring at an end thereof, cylinders installed on the conveying unit to rotate the support, and a power transmission unit transmitting a driving force of a motor installed in the conveying unit to the stirring screw; Organic fertilizer production apparatus characterized in that provided.

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