KR20060127512A - Removal scrubber of gaseous and grainy pollutant from exhaust gas - Google Patents

Abstract

A scrubber for simultaneously removing gaseous and grainy pollutant from exhaust gas is provided to install a centrifugal dust collecting chamber at the upper portion of the scrubber, thereby efficiently treating the discharge gas. A wet scrubber chamber(2) includes a liquid and gas reaction chamber(4) made of plural eliminator layers. Injectors(6,7) having injection nozzles are installed at the upper and lower sides of the liquid and gas reaction member and inject water and the like toward the liquid and gas reaction member. The eliminator layer is formed by combining plural eliminators(51) and includes a slant portion and an obstruction portion. Each eliminator has a communicating portion with a distance of about 2-3 mm.

Description

Removal scrubber of gaseous and grainy pollutant from exhaust gas}

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the liquid reaction apparatus that is the main portion of the present invention

<Brief description of the main parts of the drawing>

1 ......... Housing 5 ......... Eliminator layer

2 ......... Wet Scrubber 51 .... Eliminator

3 ......... Centrifugal force collection chamber 511 ....

  31 .... inlet 512 .... fault

  32 .... Bottom plate 513 .... Distribution

  33 .... through-hole 6, 7 ..... sprayer

  34 .... Demister 8 .......... Inlet

4 ......... Liquid reaction part 9 .......... Outlet

The present invention efficiently removes gaseous substances such as SOx, NOx, HCl, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and odors contained in exhaust gases emitted from various industrial facilities such as power plants, steel mills, and incinerators, and particulate matter such as fine dust and heavy metals. The technology relates to processing at the same time.

In general, NOx is almost always treated using selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology or selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) technology and improving combustion conditions, and the removal of acid gases such as SOx and HCl except for NOx is performed by Na or Ca compounds. Wet scrubbing technology using additives such as water, or Ca · Na-based additives are injected to react with acid gas, and the salt component generated by the reaction of additive and acid gas is used as bag filter. It is removed using dry or semi-dry technology to remove, and the particulate matter is removed using wet technology such as centrifugal force collection, inertial dust collection, electrostatic precipitating and filter dust collection to remove dust by spraying water. . In particular, fine dust is removed by physicochemical methods such as absorption and adsorption, electrostatic precipitating techniques using electrical properties, or filtration precipitating techniques using high efficiency filters.

In addition, in order to simultaneously process acid gases such as SOx and NOx, plasma or electron beam technology is developed as a technology for gas purification, and volatile organic compounds such as specific hazardous substances (HAPs) and persistent hazardous substances (POPs) As the interest in the treatment of (VOCs) and odors increases, technologies for improving the removal efficiency by advancing absorption, adsorption, thermal oxidation, catalytic oxidation, concentration, and incineration are being developed.

However, as various kinds of prevention facilities are installed and operated to treat various discharged pollutants, the installation and operation costs of prevention facilities to remove pollutants have increased enormously. As the efficiency is emphasized rather than the stable operation side of the system, it is experiencing difficulties in commercialization due to economic problems such as increased power costs due to the use of wet electrostatic precipitating and high efficiency filter media.

With the development of science, the types of air pollutants emitted from industrial facilities are rapidly increasing, and the concept of gaseous / particulate substances, which have been conventionally classified, is changing greatly as the characteristics of the emitted materials are diversified. Pollutants are a major obstacle to industrial development, resulting in an increase in air pollution prevention facilities, causing another problem of rising prices of products.

Therefore, the present invention efficiently removes contaminants by using wet scrubbing technology and wet cyclone centrifugal dust collection technology, which has been used as an air pollution prevention technology for a long time due to low installation cost and simple operation. By doing so, it is possible to guarantee stable operation while minimizing problems in operation after commercialization, and greatly improve the removal efficiency of pollutants.

The wet scrubber, which constitutes the main part of the present invention, is provided with a plurality of layers of eliminators formed by connecting a plurality of eliminators to form a liquid reaction device, which is upward from the bottom of the liquid reaction device and downwards from the top thereof. By spraying the reactant or water upwards, dust having a particle diameter of 10 μm or more contained in the exhaust gas flowing from the bottom is removed by inducing an inertial collision in the eliminator of the liquid reactor, and reacting with the water sprayed into the liquid reactor. Due to the mixing of the flue gas, numerous bubbles are formed on the upper part of the eliminator, and the bubbles are boiled, which makes the contact of the liquid active. The gaseous substance is efficiently removed, and the water or reaction flowing between the eliminator and the eliminator The agent is produced by the reaction of particulate or gaseous substances in the flue-gas with the reactants. The polychromatic minutes is prevented from being deposited on the eliminator.

In addition, the fine dust not removed from the wet scrubber and salts generated during the gas-liquid reaction process were installed in the upper portion of the wet scrubber to increase the particle size of the particles, thereby removing them again, thereby efficiently treating the exhaust gas. When described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention as follows.

1, the wet scrubber chamber 2 and the centrifugal force collection chamber 3 are provided in the housing 1, and are comprised.

The wet scrubber chamber 2 sprays water or the like toward the liquid reaction part 4 above and below the liquid reaction part 4 and the liquid reaction part 4 each having a plurality of eliminator layers 5. It consists of injectors 6 and 7 with injection nozzles.

It is preferable that the eliminator layer 5 combines 2-5 pieces, and each eliminator layer 5 connects a plurality of eliminators 51 and connects them. Each eliminator 51 is composed of an inclined portion 511 and an obstacle portion 512 in which air passing therethrough collides and may cause vortex, and each eliminator 51 is approximately 2 to 3 mm. It is arrange | positioned and has the distribution part 513 of the space | interval. Each of the eliminator layers 5 is preferably provided at intervals of 30 to 100 mm.

Water or reactant sprayed by the sprayer 6 installed on the upper part is sprayed to form a mist shape, and water or reactant sprayed by the sprayer 7 installed in the lower part has a speed of 1 to 3 m / sec, and an injection angle of 90 ㅀ. It is desirable to be injected into.

In the centrifugal force precipitating chamber 3 installed above the wet scrubber chamber 2, the inflow direction of the exhaust gas flowing into the inlet 31 is provided in the tangential direction of the centrifugal force chamber 3. This allows the incoming flue gas to rotate along the inner wall of the chamber. Gases rotated along the inner wall of the chamber collide with each other. In this process, salts generated in the liquid reaction and fine dust not removed in the wet scrubber chamber 2 are dissolved in water during inertia collision. It is absorbed and collected while falling down by gravity. However, the centrifugal force precipitating chamber 3 is provided with a bottom plate 32 at the bottom thereof, so that water droplets that fall due to gravity form a film with surface tension while passing water but not air. The through hole 33 is formed. In forming the through hole 33, it is preferable that the diameter of the bottom plate 32 is made 5 to 20 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the centrifugal force collection chamber 3. In this way, the through hole is made small so that the water film 330 is formed by the surface tension in the through hole.

The bottom plate 32 is formed of two layers so that the diameter of the upper floor plate 321 is made about 2 to 5 mm smaller than the diameter of the lower floor plate 322, and the height of the upper and lower layers is 2 to 4 mm. A minute space is formed between lower layers, and water fills the space between upper and lower layers. The space between the upper and lower layers allows the falling water to diffuse evenly around the bottom plate 32 and stay in the space when the water falling from the top is concentrated as part of the through hole, so that the water film formed thereon is not destroyed. No. The space between the upper and lower layers is narrow so that the space is filled by capillary phenomenon.

When water fills the space between the upper layer and the lower layer, pressure is generated here, and this pressure overcomes the surface tension that forms the water film between the inner wall of the centrifugal force collection chamber 3 and the lower floor plate 322, and the water is lowered. As the water descends, the water film is restored. Eventually, when the gravity of water is greater than the surface tension, the water falls, and the capillary phenomenon is destroyed by the surface tension between the water molecules in the course of the water drop, and the water between the upper layer and the lower layer comes out of the water film in the through hole 33. By forming the 330, the air in the centrifugal force precipitating chamber 3 is prevented from descending below the bottom plate 32, and the space between the upper and lower floor plates 321 and 322 is filled with water, and the filled water is It is sent to the lower reservoir tank while overcoming the surface tension of the water film formed in the through hole by its weight, and the water film is restored and maintained by the surface tension of the water at the same time as the water descends.

A demister 34 is installed on the centrifugal force collection chamber 3. The demister 34 has a function of finally collecting fine particles or water not collected by a cyclone to minimize white smoke occurring in winter. In the accompanying drawings, reference numeral 8 denotes an exhaust gas inlet port, 9 denotes a purified gas outlet port, and 81 denotes a distributor for uniformly diffusing the inlet exhaust gas onto the lower surface of the liquid reaction part 4.

According to the present invention configured as described above, the flue gas introduced into the flue gas inlet 8 is mixed with the water and the reactant injected into the injector 7, so that the gaseous or particulate matter contained in the flue gas is dispersed in water, and The salt formed by the reaction of the reactant rises to the liquid reaction part 4 along the air stream. The liquid reaction part 4 is the reactant or water injected from the upper portion of the bar, the exhaust gas coming up from the bottom of the liquid reaction part 4 in the process of passing through the water or the reactant sprayed down from the upper portion Severe whirlpools create numerous bubbles. These bubbles are filled not only inside the eliminator layer 5 itself, which is formed of several layers, but also the space between the eliminator layer 5 and the layers, and the exhaust gas, water and reaction passing therebetween. It will increase the contact area and the contact opportunity of the agent. In particular, each of the eliminator 51 constituting the eliminator layer (5) has a slope portion 511 and the obstacle portion 512 to cause the exhaust gas coming up through the severe vortex phenomenon to promote the liquid reaction Let's do it. By the way, in the practice of the present invention, the amount of water injected from the upper injector 6 is preferably adjusted such that the water slightly fills the surface of the upper eliminator layer 5 while the exhaust gas is not introduced. Do.

The exhaust gas passing through the liquid reaction part 4 causes the fine dust, etc., still contained therein to fall back to the water sprayed by the upper injector 6, and then enters the centrifugal force collection chamber 3. Since the entry into the centrifugal force collection chamber 3 is made along the tangential direction of the wall, that is, along the side wall, a lot of collisions occur in the exhaust gas during the ascending up the side wall, whereby fine dust or the like increases its particle diameter and together with them As water droplets fall, they are discharged under the bottom plate 32. The purified flue gas is finally filtered by the demister 34 and discharged to the outlet 9.

In general, the treatment of air pollutants in the prior art has increased the installation cost and operating cost by performing the gaseous material and particulate matter in a separate treatment process, there was a defect that has to support a lot of efforts to secure the efficiency of removal as the process is complicated.

However, the present invention has the advantage of simplifying the installation and operation of the installation and operation costs by treating the gaseous contaminants and particulate contaminants at the same time in a single facility, reducing the burden on the installation of air pollution prevention equipment Giving has an advantage.

In addition, by forming a plurality of layers of the eliminator layer (5) consisting of a plurality of eliminators 51 to form a liquid reaction portion (4), the present invention that improved the liquid reaction by causing a severe bubble here This provides the effect of greatly improving the flue gas treatment efficiency.

Claims (6)

A scrubber for treating gaseous and particulate matter from waste gas, comprising a wet scrubber chamber and a centrifugal force collection chamber in a housing. The scrubber according to claim 1, wherein the wet scrubber chamber is composed of an injector having a liquid reaction unit and an injection nozzle for injecting water or the like toward the liquid reaction unit. 3. The liquid reactor according to claim 2, wherein the liquid reaction unit is composed of a plurality of layers of eliminator (5), and the eliminator layer (5) has an eliminator (51) having an inclined portion (511) and an obstacle portion (512). A plurality of gas and particulate matter simultaneous treatment scrubber from the waste gas, characterized in that formed by spaced apart so that a plurality of distribution portion 513 is formed. The scrubber according to claim 1, wherein the gas inflow portion from the wet scrubber chamber to the centrifugal force collection chamber is in a tangential direction of the wall of the centrifugal force collection chamber. 5. The scrubber according to claim 4, wherein the centrifugal force collection chamber is provided with a bottom plate having a hole at the bottom thereof. The bottom plate is formed by forming two layers of the bottom plate, wherein the diameter of the upper floor plate is made about 2 to 5 mm smaller than the diameter of the lower floor plate, and the heights of the upper layer and the lower layer are 2 to 4 mm. Simultaneous treatment of gaseous and particulate matter from waste gas.

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