KR100816822B1 - Multi Scrubber for treat complex pollutant stimultaneously - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is to provide an apparatus for treating exhaust gas containing a complex pollutant, such as gaseous substances such as acidic gas and alkali gas, and particulate matter by a single device, the gas flow path device and gas-liquid reaction in the housing In the installation of the device and the dehumidifier, the gas flow path device is composed of the curved flow path plate 21 and the diagonal flow path plate 22, and the gas-liquid reaction device is formed of a reactor and an injection device provided with a filling layer, and the injection device. Multi-scrubber to process the multiple contaminants at the same time, characterized in that it is configured to be installed on the top and mouth side of the gas-liquid reaction device.

Description

Multi Scrubber for treat complex pollutant stimultaneously

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is an explanatory view of the operation of the gas-liquid reaction device that is the main part of the present invention

<Brief description of the main parts of the drawing>

1 ......... Housing

2 ......... Gas flow path

  21 ...... bend Europan

  22 ...... Diagonal Europan

3 ......... Gas Liquid Reactor

  31 ......

4 ......... Dehumidifier

6 ......... Injection Unit

  61 ........ Upper injection device

7 ......... Reactor Injection Device

8 ......... Reaction liquid spraying device

9 ......... Venturipan

10 ....... Reactive Plates

The present invention efficiently removes acidic gases such as SOx, HCl, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), odors, and particulate matter such as fine dust, heavy metals, and mist, which are contained in exhaust gases and discharged from various industrial facilities. The present invention relates to a technology for releasing clean air into the atmosphere.

In general, the removal of acid gases such as SOx and HCl is wet scrubbing technology that converts acid gases into salt-containing substances by reacting them with Na or Ca compounds dissolved in water, and Ca in acid gases. ㆍ Dry or semi-dry technology that directly injects reactant such as Na series into the exhaust gas to react with acid gas, and removes salt component generated by reaction of reactant and acid gas with bag filter. The removal technology of particulate matter is a wet dust collection technology that removes particulate matter such as dust by spraying water on gas containing particulate matter, centrifugal force dust collection technology that removes particulate matter by centrifugal force by rotating the gas. Inertial dust collection technology to remove the contained particulate matter by colliding with collision plates, etc., and electrostatic precipitator which draws inherent charge of particulate matter with electric force. And dry technologies such as filter dust collection technology to remove particulate matter by using a filter medium, and fine particles having small particle size are used for physicochemical methods such as absorption and adsorption or electrostatic dust collection technology using electrical properties or high efficiency filter. BACKGROUND ART Filter dust collecting techniques for removing fine particles using a problem are known.

However, due to the rapid development of the industry, various kinds of prevention facilities are installed to remove pollutants that are discharged due to the diversification of pollutants. The rapid increase in installation and operating costs leads to an increase in the price of the produced product, and greatly weakens the industrial competitiveness. Therefore, in recent years, various simultaneous treatment technologies have been developed to operate various types of prevention facilities in conjunction with one or two prevention facilities.However, as the development direction is more efficient than the stable operation aspect of the facility, wet electrostatic precipitating and high efficiency filter media Development of technology using expensive facilities such as bag filter using. However, the technology using these expensive raw materials is increasing the cost of production while simultaneously increasing the cost of power, causing a lot of difficulties in commercialization as economic problems arise. Therefore, in recent years, in order to solve the economic problems caused by the improvement of the efficiency, the cleaning dust collecting technology to combine various technologies while using the cleaning dust collecting technology as a basic technology has been developed.

Existing cleaning and wet technologies include "exhaust gas purification device" according to Registered Utility Model Publication 20-0151286 (April 15, 1999) and "cleaning dust collector" according to Registered Utility Model Publication 20-0401745 (November 14, 2005). And "Wash Dust Collector" according to Korean Patent Application Publication No. 1999-016078 (March 5, 1999), and the application technology of the existing cleaning dust collection technology is described in "Patent Cleaning 10-0237737 (2000. 01. 15)". Injection device using swirling flow, mixing device and absorption cleaning device using the same "and" Simultaneous treatment of gaseous and particulate matter from waste gas "patent application (10-2005-0048537, June 7, 2005) by the inventor There is this. Here, only the above-described techniques are compared and reviewed.

"Exhaust gas purification device" according to Korean Utility Model Publication No. 20-0151286 (April 15, 1999) is to remove gaseous and particulate matter by injecting a solution into the venturi (liquid contaminant), and liquid pollution by using an eliminator It is a technique of increasing the particle size of a substance and removing it. However, due to the large pressure loss of the equipment due to the use of the venturi, the power consumption is large, and the gas tower pollution is very low due to the gas-liquid reaction efficiency between the gaseous pollutant and the spray solution because the tower speed is maintained faster than 5 m / sec to use the venturi. The disadvantage is that the removal efficiency of the material is very low. "Cleaning dust collector" according to Registration Utility Model Publication No. 20-0401745 (Nov. 14, 2005) forms a swirling flow in the exhaust gas as in the venturi scrubber at the bottom to introduce the exhaust gas into the reactor, and passes through the slot plate at the top. It is a technique to make gas-liquid reaction by making contact with the injected reaction liquid. However, the reaction solution injection method is not injection using a nozzle, but injects the reaction liquid through a large diameter pipe and collides the reaction liquid with the collision plate, and at the moment of reaction, the reaction liquid is scattered and falls down to induce gas-liquid reaction with the exhaust gas. As the reaction area and the reaction time between the reaction liquid and the exhaust gas are small, the efficient gas-liquid reaction cannot be expected. In the vertical reactor, when acid and basic material are present at the same time, there is an economic problem of installing two reactors. Occurs. In addition, in the exhaust gas containing a high concentration of dust, the phenomenon that the nozzle installed in the lower portion is blocked by the falling dust occurs, further reducing the gas-liquid reaction opportunity between the gaseous substance and the reaction liquid. "Cleaning dust collector" according to Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 1999-016078 (March 5, 1999), unlike a spray method using a nozzle used in wet cleaning technology, forms a flow path between an inlet and an outlet of a reactor so that the exhaust gas flows through It is a device that induces gas-liquid reaction in the flow path by using the reaction liquid at the bottom of the flow path as it passes through the flow due to the pressure difference, and does not require power due to the injection of the nozzle and also prevents clogging of the nozzle. to be. However, when the high concentration of adhesive dust is introduced, clogging of the flow path may occur, and if the amount of exhaust gas is increased, the capacity of the facility may be too large.

In addition, the "injection apparatus using a swirl flow, a mixing apparatus and an absorption cleaning apparatus using the same" according to Patent Publication No. 10-0237737 (2000. 01. 15) is provided with a guide for the rotation of the incoming gas, It is a technology to remove contaminants by injecting the reaction liquid into the flue gas. However, in order to increase the contact area and the contact opportunity of the reactant and contaminants, the length of the reactor should be increased, and for the efficient reaction, several reactors of small diameter should be connected in parallel so that the flow rate into the reactor is maintained differently. There is a problem that the efficiency is kept low. Patent application (10-2005-0048537, June 7, 2005) by the present inventors, "Simultaneous treatment of gaseous and particulate matter from waste gas" removes particulate and gaseous pollutants in the first stage, and in the second stage. It is a technology to remove salts generated by the reaction of gaseous contaminants and reactants and fine dust not removed in the first stage. However, there is a disadvantage that the tower speed is not suitable for purifying the exhaust gas discharged in a large amount.

With the development of science, the types of air pollutants emitted from industrial facilities are rapidly increasing, and the characteristics of pollutants emitted are diversified, and the chemical and physical properties of gaseous and particulate matters that have been conventionally classified are changing. The diversification or changing pollutants appear to be an increase in air pollution prevention facilities, causing another problem of rising prices of manufactured products, which is a major obstacle to industrial development.

Thus, the present invention is a multi scrubber that efficiently removes pollutants using various technologies related to wet scrubbing technology, which is low in installation cost and simple in operation, and has been used as an air pollution prevention technology for a long time. It is to improve the removal efficiency of pollutants while minimizing problems that may occur in commercial operation after commercialization.

The present invention relates to a gas flow path device configured by connecting a bending flow path plate (Bending Eliminator) to a plurality of diagonal flow path plates (Diagonal Eliminator) used in the wet scrubber, and a filling material made of a myriad of aggregates. Concepts representing pyrene or polyethylene or metal tellerettes, beads made of inorganic minerals, rashing rings, bel saddles and intalox saddles and lumps The main equipment consists of a gas-liquid reaction device and a dehumidification device using diagonal flow path plates seen from a gas flow path device in which exhaust gas passes between fillers.

The eliminator (diagonal flow path plate) provided by the Registered Utility Model Publication No. 20-0401745 (November 14, 2005) is provided with a hook installed at the end of the diagonal flow path plate when a high concentration of dust flows in or a highly sticky dust flows in. As dust accumulates in the structure of the shape, dust accumulates between the diagonal flow path plates, thereby causing a problem of obstructing the flow of gas. Therefore, in the present invention, a bending passage plate (Bending Eliminator) is installed in front of the diagonal passage plate (Diagonal Eliminator) as shown in Figure 1, by spraying the reaction solution to the curved passage plate to flow the reaction solution to the curved passage plate, high concentration dust If the flue gas containing highly adherent dust flows into the flow path formed between the curved flow path plates, the high concentration of dust or highly coherent dust contained in the flue gas inertia collides with the curved flow path plate and the dust is absorbed and removed from the reaction solution. The fine dust not removed from the curved flow path plate is collected and removed by the negative pressure generated in the hook shape of the diagonal flow path plate. Therefore, the blockage of the flow path plate is blocked in the hook-shaped structure of the diagonal flow path plate due to the high concentration of dust or highly sticky dust. The phenomenon can be prevented. This structure has the advantage that can be varied in the arrangement of the flow path plate according to the concentration or characteristics of dust, it is possible to make a gas flow path device of various structures. In addition, when dust having a large particle size is introduced, a venturi plate is installed at the front end of the curved flow path plate and the diagonal flow path plate, and the water or the reaction liquid flows through the venturi plate to inject water or the reaction liquid into the venturi plate. As the inertia collision is absorbed and removed by the water or the reaction solution, it is possible to prevent the clogging phenomenon of the gas flow path apparatus, which may be caused by the increased dust combined with each other. Therefore, the gas flow path apparatus can more easily remove the particulate contaminants contained in the exhaust gas by removing the particulate contaminants in various arrangements or combinations according to the characteristics or characteristics of the particulate contaminants.

In addition, an acid solution such as HCl may be removed from the solution sprayed on the flow path plate or the venturi plate, and an alkaline solution such as NaOH may be used to remove the acid material. Therefore, in the treatment of flue gas that coexists with alkali and acid such as odorous substance, it is used as a pretreatment process to treat the pollutant that reacts fastest to a specific reactant (generally when alkali and acid pollutants coexist) Alkaline substances can be removed first.) It has the same advantages of treating gaseous contaminants and particulate contaminants at the same time. The use of such a process will act as an important factor to reduce the installation cost and operating cost of the facility will greatly contribute to the commercialization of the present invention.

As described above, the gas-liquid reactor is composed of a reactor filled with a myriad of fillers, and sprays a reactant (NaOH, HCl, H ₂ SO ₄ , NaClO, NaClO _2, etc.) on the filler depending on the material to be removed. By inducing the following oxidation reactions and neutralization reactions, gaseous contaminants (acid gases, alkaline gases, odors, volatile organic compounds) are removed.

NH ₃ + HCl → NH ₄ Cl

● 8NH ₃ + 12NaClO → 4N ₂ + 12NaCl + 6H ₂ O + 3O ₂

● (CH ₃ ) ₃ N + HCl → (CH ₃ ) ₃ NHCl

● (CH ₃ ) ₃ N + NaOCl → (CH ₃ ) ₃ NONaCl

● H ₂ S + NaOH → Na ₂ S + H ₂ O

● Na ₂ S + H ₂ S → 2NaSH

● H ₂ S + 2NaClO → Na ₂ S + 2H ₂ O

● Na ₂ S + 4NaClO → Na ₂ SO ₂ + 4NaCl

● CH ₃ SH + NaOH → CH ₃ SNa + H ₂ O

● 2CH ₃ SH + 6NaClO → 2CH ₃ SO ₃ + 6NaCl + H2

● (CH ₃ ) ₂ S + 3NaClO → (CH ₃ ) ₂ SO ₃ + ₃ NaOH

● (CH) ₂ S ₂ + 2NaClO → (CH ₃ ) ₂ SO ₃₂ + 2NaOH

The oxidation and neutralization reaction by the gas-liquid reaction is a very important factor because the contact time and the contact opportunity between the reactant and the gaseous contaminants act as a very important factor. It is in contact with the reagent during the passage, whereby the length of the filler layer is adjusted to allow sufficient reaction between the reagent and gaseous contaminants. This method has the effect of preventing the increase in power caused by the pressure loss generated in the venturi plate used in the "cleaning dust collector" according to the Korean Utility Model Publication No. 20-0401745 (Nov. 14, 2005) to improve the economics of the equipment. And it is possible to keep the tower speed fast due to the small pressure loss, which has the advantage of miniaturizing the size of the equipment, and the "injection apparatus using a swirl flow and the same according to Patent Publication No. 10-0237737 (2000. 01. 15) Due to the problem of contact area and contact opportunity of reactant and contaminants, which are pointed out as a problem of the "mixing device and absorption cleaning device used", it is complicated and inefficient to connect several reactors with a small diameter in parallel. There is an effect that the problem is improved.

The dehumidifier using the diagonal flow path plate is the same as the method using the diagonal flow path plate used in the "cleaning dust collector" according to Registration Utility Model Publication No. 20-0401745 (Nov. 14, 2005). ~ 4 stages were installed, the liquid material was not removed from the diagonal flow path plate to remove moisture by using a demister, in the present invention widen the interval of arrangement of the flow path plate, shorten the length of the diagonal line flow path 1 step By maintaining the pressure loss of 5 mmH ₂ O, it is possible to make the number of stages of the diagonal flow path plate more than 5 stages, and the gas-liquid reaction is performed in the 2 ~ 3 stages, and the liquid material is removed by removing the droplets in the 4 ~ 5 stages. Since the demister is not used, it has the advantage of removing the liquid substance while always maintaining the reaction efficiency, thereby increasing the efficiency of the facility.

When the structural improvement is applied to the gas flow passage device, even if a sufficient amount of reagent is injected from the gas flow passage device, the reactant does not flow into the gas-liquid reaction device and the reactants used in the gas flow path device do not flow into the gas flow path device. It is possible to inject a reaction solution that can react with the reactant, it is possible to use a variety of reactants in a single facility. The invention of the structure that can use a variety of reactants has the advantage that can effectively treat both alkaline and acid gas by effectively removing two or more kinds of contaminants of different characteristics contained in the flue gas in one facility. . In addition, by removing a material that is not removed from the gas-liquid reaction device to a dehumidifying device such as Na ₂ S, NaHCO ₃ , NaClO, NaHSO ₃ to purify the pollutants again can improve the purification efficiency of the pollutants.

When described with reference to the accompanying drawings an embodiment of the present invention as follows.

As shown in FIG. 4, the present invention is constructed by installing a gas flow passage device 2, a gas-liquid reaction device 3, and a dehumidifier 4 in a housing 1.

The gas flow passage device 2 has a structure in which a plurality of curved flow path plates 21 and an oblique flow path plate 22 are mixed, and a reagent injector 7. Exhaust gas introduced into the gas inlet 2 is removed by inertia collision of particulate matter having a relatively large particle size in the curved flow path plate 21, and is formed by the negative pressure formed in the hook portion 221 while passing through the diagonal flow path plate 22. Due to this, fine dust is removed. In addition, the gaseous contaminants may be pretreated by the reaction liquid injected from the reactant injector 7. At this time, the reactants which did not react with the contaminants are removed from the diagonal flow path plate 22, but the reactant movement preventing plate 10 is installed to reliably prevent the reactants from moving to the gas-liquid reaction device 3. The reactive agent movement preventing plate 10 is a venturi structure plate to remove the liquid material that is not removed from the diagonal flow path plate by inducing inertia collision of the liquid material when the liquid contaminants are not completely removed from the diagonal flow path plate. The venturi plate was installed to increase the diameter of the venturi hole to minimize the pressure loss.

A venturi plate 9 may be provided at the inlet side of the gas flow path device 2 to coagulate and remove large contaminants from the exhaust gas.

Therefore, the gas flow path device 2 is installed at the entrance side of the reactant movement preventing plate 10, and the gas-liquid reaction device 3 is installed at the exit side. Thus, the exhaust gas from which the particulate contaminants and some gaseous contaminants have been removed by the gas flow passage 2 is introduced into the gas-liquid reaction apparatus 3 via the reactant movement preventing plate 10. The gas-liquid reaction device 3 is composed of a reactor 31 filled with a filler and an injection device, and the filler filled in the reactor 31 is formed in a lump form such as terarite, beads, lashing rings, and the like. When the injector is composed of the inlet injector 6 installed at the inlet of the reactor 31 and the upper injector 61 installed at the upper layer, the surfaces of the fillers are always coated with the reactant by the reactants sprayed from these injectors. have. Therefore, when the gaseous contaminants contained in the exhaust gas pass through the filler layer, the contaminants are removed by reacting with the reactant coated on the surface of the filler. Therefore, in the gas-liquid reaction apparatus 3, the fillers of the reactor 31 should always be sufficiently wet. Thus, in the present invention, the reactant is sprinkled at the top of the filler layer and at the inlet side where the exhaust gas is introduced so that the reactant is sufficiently supplied to the filler layer. When the injector is installed only at the inlet side, the reactant does not adhere to the filler in the upper portion of the upper layer in which the reactant is injected due to the weight of the reactant, as shown in FIG. As shown in b), the fillers in the lower direction through which the flue gas flows are not coated with the reactant, so the efficiency of the gas-liquid reaction is very low. Therefore, the technique of spraying the reactant to the filler layer acts as the most important factor in the gas-liquid reaction.

The exhaust gas that has passed through the gas-liquid reaction apparatus 3 must be removed because the exhaust gas contains a lot of liquid substances by the reactant sprayed from the gas-liquid reaction apparatus 3. In the existing technology, the liquid material is firstly removed by installing the eliminator layers of 3 to 4 stages and the filter is installed at the front of the eliminator, and the liquid material is removed by using a demister to completely remove the liquid material. Has a structure to remove the secondary . In such a structure, the pressure loss increases as the number of stages of the eliminator increases, thereby limiting the number of stages of the eliminator. However, in the present invention, the interval between the diagonal channel plates 42 provided in the dehumidifying device is widened to 20 mm to 50 mm, and the length of the diagonal lines is shortened to 25 mm to 40 mm so that the pressure at the first stage of the diagonal channel board 42 is reduced. By maintaining the loss at 5 mmH ₂ O, it was possible to install five or more stages of the diagonal channel plate 42. Therefore, when the number of the oblique channel plates 42 of the dehumidifier 4 is 6 or more stages, when the reagent is sprayed using the reaction liquid injector 8, the liquid reactant is 1 stage, 2 stages, 3 stages. In the stage, the gas-liquid reaction is performed, and in the third to sixth stages, since the liquid reactant is removed, the liquid substance can be removed while removing the unreacted substance from the gas-liquid reaction apparatus 3.

In general, the treatment of air pollutants has the disadvantage of increasing installation and operation costs by removing gaseous and particulate matters in separate processes and separate processes, and reducing the efficiency of removal as the process becomes complicated. In the present invention, the gaseous pollutants and particulate pollutants coexisting with alkaline substances and acidic substances such as odorous substances are simultaneously treated in a single facility, thereby simplifying the installation and operation of the equipment, and thus making the installation and operation costs low. It has the effect of reducing the burden on the installation of pollution prevention equipment.

Claims (5)

In the case where the gas flow path device, the gas-liquid reaction device, and the dehumidification device are provided in the housing, the gas flow path device is composed of a curved flow path plate 21 and an oblique flow path plate 22, and the gas-liquid reaction device includes a reactor having a filler layer ( 31) and a multi-scrubber for simultaneously treating the complex pollutants, characterized in that the injection device is formed by installing the injection device on the top and mouth side of the gas-liquid reaction device. The multi scrubber according to claim 1, wherein a venturi plate is installed at the inlet side of the gas flow path according to the characteristics of the gas. [3] The multi scrubber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gas-liquid reaction device is provided with a spraying device at the top and the mouth thereof. The composite of claim 1 or 2, wherein the diagonal flow path plate installed in the dehumidifier has a width of 20 mm to 50 mm, a length of 25 mm to 40 mm, and a step number of five or more stages. Multiscrubber to handle contaminants at the same time. The slanted flow path plate installed in the dehumidifier has a width of 20 mm to 50 mm, a length of 25 mm to 40 mm and a number of stages of five or more steps. Multiscrubber to process.

Images